2020版高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)Unit1Alandofdiversity課時作業(yè)（含解析）新人教版選修8.docx

Unit 1 A land of diversity課時作業(yè).閱讀理解A(2017江蘇D)Old Problem，New ApproachesWhile clean energy is increasingly used in our daily life，global warning will continue for some decades after CO2 emissions(排放) peak.So even if emission were to begin decrease today，we would still face the challenge of adapting to climate.Here I will stress some smarter and more creative examples of climate adaptation.When it comes to adaptation，it is important to understand that climate change is a process.We are therefore not talking about adapting to a new standard，but to a constantly shifting set of conditions.This is why in part at least，the US National Climate Assessment says that: “ there_is_no_onesize_fit_all_adaptation. ” Nevertheless，there are some actions that offer much and carry little risk or cost.Around the world people are adapting in surprising ways，especially in some poor countries.Floods have some more damaging in Bangladesh in recent decades.Mohammed Rezwan saw opportunity where others saw only disaster.His notforprofit organization runs 100 river boats that server as floating libraries，schools，and health clinics，and are equipment with solar panels and other communication facilities.Rezwan is creating floating connectivity (連體) to replace flooded roads and highways.But he is also working at a far more fundamental level: his staff people how to make floating gardens fish ponds prevent starvation during the wet season.Elsewhere in Asia even more astonishing actions are being taken.Chewang.Nophel lives in a mountainous region in India，where he is known as the Ice Man.The loss of glaciers(冰川)there due to global warming represents an enormous threat to agriculture.Without the glaciers，water will arrive in the rivers at times when it can damage crops.Norphels inspiration come from seeing the waste of water over winter，when it was not needed.He directed the wasted water into shallow basins where it froze，and was stored until the spring.His fields of ice supply perfectly timed irrigation(灌溉) water.Having created nine such ice reserves.Nophel calculates that he has stored about 200,000 m3 of water.Climate change is a continuing process，so Norhels ice reserves will not last forever.Warming will overtake them.But he is providing a few years during which the farmers will，perhaps，be able to find other means of adapting.Increasing Earths reflectiveness can cool the planet.In southern Spain the sudden increase of greenhouses (which reflect light back to space) has changed the warming trend locally，and actually cooled the region.While Spain as a whole is heating up quickly，temperatures near the greenhouses have decreased.This example should act as an inspiration for all cities.By painting buildings white，cities may slow down the warming process.In Peni，local farmers around a mountain with a glacier that has already fallen victim to climate change have begun painting the entire mountain peak white in the hope that the added reflectiveness will restore the lifegiving ice.The outcome is still far from clear.But the World Bank has included the project on its list of “100 ideas to save the planet”More ordinary forms of adaptation are happening everywhere.A friend of mine owns an area of land in western Victoria.Over five generations the land has been too wet for cropping.But during the past decade declining rainfall has allows him to plant highly profitable crops.Farmers in many countries are also adapting like thiseither by growing new produce，or by growing the same things differently.This is common sense，But some suggestions for adapting are not.When the polluting industries argue that weve lost the battle to control carbon pollution and have no choice but to adapt，its a nonsense designed to make the case for business as usual.Human beings will continue to adapt to the changing climate in both ordinary and astonishing ways.But the most sensible form of adaptation is surely to adapt our energy systems to emit less carbon pollution.After all，if we adapt in the way，we may avoid the need to change in so many others.【語篇解讀】文章關(guān)注的是我們熟悉的話題氣候變暖，不同的是，文章給出了一些應(yīng)對氣候變暖的新途徑。1The underlined part in Paragraph 2 implies _.Aadaptation is an everchanging process Bthe cost of adaptation varies with timeCglobal warming affects adaptation forms Dadaptation to climate change is challenging【答案】A推理判斷。onesize fit all意為“通用的，萬全之策”，句意：不存在通用的適應(yīng)性方法。下句Nevertheless表轉(zhuǎn)折，再根據(jù)“there are some actions that offer much and carry little risk or cost”可知，沒有放之四海而皆準(zhǔn)的方法，即適應(yīng)是需要根據(jù)情況不斷做出調(diào)整，而非一成不變的。2What is special with regard to Rezwans project?AThe project receives government support. BDifferent organizations work with each other.CHis organization makes the best of a bad situation.DThe project connects flooded roads and highways.【答案】C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Mohammed Rezwan saw opportunity where others saw only disaster.”可知，Rezwan會從危機中看到機遇，會充分利用現(xiàn)有條件。3What did the Ice Man do to reduce the effect of global warming?AStoring ice for future use. BProtecting the glaciers from melting.CChanging the irrigation time. DPostponing the melting of the glaciers.【答案】A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Norphels inspiration come from seeing the waste of water over winter，when it was not needed.He directed the wasted water into shallow basins where it froze，and was stored until the spring.”可知，把冰川融化后的水儲存起來以備不時之需，是減少氣候變暖危害的方法之一。4What do we learn from the Peru example?AWhite paint is usually safe for buildings. BThe global warming trend cannot be stopped.CThis country is heating up too quickly. DSunlight reflection may relieve global warming.【答案】D推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段“By painting buildings white，cities may slow down the warming process.”和倒數(shù)第三段“painting the entire mountain peak white in the hope that the added reflectivenes will restore the lifegiving ice”可知，將墻壁涂成白色是利用了光的反射原理，這樣可以緩解氣候變暖。5According to the author，polluting industries should _.Aadapt to carbon pollution Bplant highly profitable cropsCleave carbon emission aloneDfight against carbon pollution【答案】D推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“When the polluting industries argue that weve lost the battle to control carbon pollution and have no choice but to adapt，its a nonsense”可知，作者不贊成“我們已經(jīng)在與碳污染的斗爭中失敗了”這樣的說法，說明作者建議污染企業(yè)行動起來。6Whats the authors preferred solution to global warming?Asetting up a new standard. BReducing carbon emission.CAdapting to climate change.DMonitoring polluting industries.【答案】B推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“But the most sensible form of adaptation is surely to adapt our energy systems to emit less carbon pollution.”可知，作者認為，最合理的方法仍然是減少二氧化碳的排放。.閱讀七選五321 GREEN!You already know an environmentalists three Rs：reduce，reuse，recycle._1_ Here are three things you can do for the Earth Day.Be a real cutupThe next time youre about to throw out the plastic rings that hold a sixpack of soda together，reach for a pair of scissors.As a young turtle，Peanut got stuck in one of those rings.As she grew，the ring stayed put(原地不動)，forcing her shell to grow around it.By the time someone found her and cut her free，her shell was permanently deformed(成畸形的)Thanks to her hard shell，Peanut is alive and well.She now lives at a nature center in Missouri.But most animals that get caught in sixpack rings die.WHAT YOU CAN DOEasy！_2_Hunt for vampires(吸血鬼)You know all those electronic inventions youve got at home？Even when you switch them off，theyre really still on._3_ Anything with a glowing LED off/on light，a remote control，or a clock display is always on.WHAT YOU CAN DOJust pull out the plugs or tap the OFF switch till you really need the electronics._4_Matt Damon really cares about clean water.So in February，he announced that he was going on strike against toilets.“Until everybody has access to clean water and sanitation，”he said.“I will not go to the bathroom！”He was kidding but to make a serious point.Around the world，he said，“780 million people lack access to clean water；2.5 billion people lack access to a toilet.”WHAT YOU CAN DO_5_ Just dont waste water.Dons run the water while brushing your teeth.Take shorter showers.AGet water wiseBHow to recognize vampire electronics?CCut the rings apart before you trash them.DUse toilets lessEBut how else can you help.FNo need to go on a toilet strike.GDo things that can help with good living conditions.【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。你能為綠色環(huán)保生活做什么？文章告訴你的3件事你一定能做到。1【答案】E注意前后兩句中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的you，以及下文出現(xiàn)的WHAT YOU CAN DO。很明顯，文章的中心思想是讓“你”能夠做到文章中提到的3點，因此答案為E。本題容易錯選G，其在銜接前后兩句時并不顯得突兀，但其含義卻有失偏頗，提到的僅僅是生活條件，與主題不符，故不選C。2【答案】C對比下文中兩個WHAT YOU CAN DO可知，設(shè)空處提出的是具體的解決辦法。本題指怎樣做才能避免像海龜Peanut一樣的悲劇，因此答案為C。3【答案】B這里用vampire比喻那些被忽略的耗電設(shè)備，B切題。4【答案】A這里缺一個標(biāo)題，由后面的內(nèi)容可知，節(jié)約用水是中心思想。美國電影Matt Damon通過自己的例子告訴大家不要浪費水，因此答案為A。5【答案】F本題干擾項較多，選擇正確答案的方法是把握住中心思想。中心思想是節(jié)約用水，同時注意后一句中出現(xiàn)的Just一詞，這里提示與設(shè)空處的語意有一定的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，由此可以篩選出正確答案為F。.語法填空(2018唐山二模)St.Patricks Day is one of those _1_(wonder)days in our kindergarten.Every year on March 17，a leprechaun(妖精)visits my classroom! He is a clever little character，and we have never been able to catch _2_(he)This morning，we _3_(greet)by tiny，green leprechaun footprints all over the classroom.The innocence and the magic of kindergarten came out on a day like this! None of the children raised the doubt about _4_ the leprechaun was real or not.Their faces were filled with wonder as they questioned how he had got into our classroom.They created little traps _5_(hope)to catch him during the day even leaving one in our bathroom so that if he should appear again over night，he might just get _6_(catch)in our trap!For the afternoon tea break，we had some delicious green vegetables and fruits and every child made _7_ beautiful green card with _8_(wish)written on it.My favorite wish of all was the one made by Jacob，which said，“I wish everyone was nice to each other.” Another one I liked very much was “I wish this was going to be the _9_(good)day of my life.”The smiles _10_ their faces as they left school this afternoon proved that it just may have been!【語篇解讀】圣帕特里克節(jié)是我們幼兒園里開心的一天，每個人都認為在這一天有一個小妖精會光顧我們的教室。今年圣帕特里克節(jié)我們甚至還看到了教室里到處都是小妖精的腳印。1【答案】wonderful設(shè)空處后為名詞，由此可判斷設(shè)空處應(yīng)為形容詞。2【答案】him作catch的賓語應(yīng)用he的賓格形式。3【答案】were greeted根據(jù)設(shè)空處后的by可推知主語we與greet為被動關(guān)系，故用被動語態(tài)；根據(jù)上下文可知設(shè)空處需用一般過去時，故答案為were greeted。4【答案】whether句意：孩子們中沒有一個人對那個妖精是真是假感到懷疑。根據(jù)句末的or not可知設(shè)空處應(yīng)為whether(是否)。由于本賓語從句作的是介詞的賓語，故不可用if。5【答案】hoping主語they與hope為邏輯上的主動關(guān)系且表示伴隨，故用hopin