鉆床主軸進(jìn)給機構(gòu)改造--變速機構(gòu)設(shè)計論文[帶圖紙].doc

鉆床主軸進(jìn)給機構(gòu)改造——變速機構(gòu)設(shè)計1編號無錫太湖學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）題目：鉆床主軸進(jìn)給機構(gòu)改造——變速機構(gòu)設(shè)計信機系機械工程及自動化專業(yè)學(xué)號：學(xué)生姓名：指導(dǎo)教師：（職稱：副教授）（職稱：）2013年5月25日無錫太湖學(xué)院學(xué)士學(xué)位論文2無錫太湖學(xué)院本科畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）誠信承諾書本人鄭重聲明：所呈交的畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）鉆床主軸進(jìn)給機構(gòu)改造——變速機構(gòu)設(shè)計是本人在導(dǎo)師的指導(dǎo)下獨立進(jìn)行研究所取得的成果，其內(nèi)容除了在畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）中特別加以標(biāo)注引用，表示致謝的內(nèi)容外，本畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）不包含任何其他個人、集體已發(fā)表或撰寫的成果作品。班級：機械97學(xué)號：0923822作者姓名：2013年5月25日鉆床主軸進(jìn)給機構(gòu)改造——變速機構(gòu)設(shè)計3摘要隨著先進(jìn)制造技術(shù)的發(fā)展和進(jìn)步，數(shù)控加工已成為機加工過程中的一種主流技術(shù)。這一技術(shù)的運用提高了機加工過程中工作效率和加工精度。數(shù)控多工位鉆床就是提高鉆削加工精度和效率的一種很好的機加工工具。本文對數(shù)控多工位鉆床進(jìn)行了設(shè)計，采用了普通車床設(shè)計的步驟和方法，綜合考慮數(shù)控機床的特點。從切削力入手確定主軸及電機，到整個機床的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計和機床的控制。最后到對機床初始化程序設(shè)計。本文完成數(shù)控多工位鉆床的資料收集與國、內(nèi)外現(xiàn)狀的調(diào)查比較，提出較為可行的方案；完成機床的機械結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計計算與電氣控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計，初步完成控制系統(tǒng)的軟硬件設(shè)計。本設(shè)計是關(guān)于將普通鉆床改造為多工位加工鉆床的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計。普通鉆床為單軸機床，且工件安裝后需要進(jìn)行反復(fù)調(diào)整，工件上有相互位置要求的各表面間的位置精度就會受到很多因素的影響，通過設(shè)計改造成快速主軸、移動工作臺和具有一定回轉(zhuǎn)精度的能實現(xiàn)多工位加工的鉆床后，能大大地縮短加工時間，提高生產(chǎn)效率。因此本設(shè)計主要從鉆床的主軸箱設(shè)計、移動工作臺設(shè)計及工作臺的回轉(zhuǎn)設(shè)計幾個方面，對普通鉆床進(jìn)行一定的結(jié)構(gòu)改進(jìn)，實現(xiàn)多工位加工，以符合現(xiàn)代機械加工的要求。關(guān)鍵詞：多工位鉆床；生產(chǎn)效率；主軸箱無錫太湖學(xué)院學(xué)士學(xué)位論文4AbstractWiththemanufacturingdevelopment,numericalcontrolmanufacturinghasbecomeoneofthemajoradvancedtechnologies.efficiencyandaccuracyhasbeenimprovedinapplicationofthetechnology.Numericalcontrolauto-drillingmachineisakindofthenewmachinetoolsthatcanimprovethemachiningaccuracyandefficiency.ThepanerhasdesignedforNumericalcontrolauto-drillingmachine,usingdesignmethodoftheordinarylathe,andconsideringthecharacteristicofthenumericalcontrolmachinetoolssynthetically.cuttingforcehasbeencalculated,thestructuralandthecontrolsystemhasbeendesigned.Finally,thesoftwareroutinehasbeenexplored.Thispanerhasfinishedcompletedainvestigationofinternalandexternalofcurrentsituationfornumericalcontrolmultistage-drillingmachine,andcomparedit,putforwardafeasiblescheme；completedthemechanicalstructuraldesignancalculatedanddesignedtheelectriccontrolsystem,andfinishedthesoftwareandhardwareofthecontrolsystemtentatively.Thedesignisaboutreconstructingtheordinarydrilltocarryoutmultiplepositiondrill.Theordinarydrillisasingledrill.Themachiningaccuracyofthework-piecewillbeaffectedbythemount.Becausetheexactpositionofwork-piecewillbeaffectedbytheadjustment.Itwillpromoteitsproductiveefficiency,shortenitsprocessingtimethroughthedesignoftherapidspindle,movingandevolutionworktable.Hereby,thekeystoneofthisdesignpaperishowtodesigntherapidspindle,movingandevolutionworktable.Keywords:multipledrill；productiveefficiency；multiplespindleheads鉆床主軸進(jìn)給機構(gòu)改造——變速機構(gòu)設(shè)計5目錄摘要..............................................................................................................................3Abstract..........................................................................................................................4目錄...............................................................................................................................V1緒論............................................................................................................................81.1鉆床的工藝范圍...........................................................................................................81.2鉆床的類型....................................................................................................................81.2.1臺式鉆床................................................................................................81.2.2立式鉆床................................................................................................81.2.3搖臂鉆床................................................................................................91.3鉆削加工的特點...........................................................................................................91.3.1多軸加工的特點..................................................................................101.3.1多工位加工的特點..............................................................................101.4論文研究的內(nèi)容及意義...........................................................................................101.5本文所做的工作.........................................................................................................102機械傳動方案確定..................................................................................................112.1設(shè)計內(nèi)容分析.............................................................................................................112.2機械傳動方案的選擇.................................................................................................112.2.1總體傳動方案選擇..............................................................................112.2.2總體傳動方案確定..............................................................................123主軸傳動部件設(shè)計..................................................................................................143.1切削力的計算.............................................................................................................143.1.1機床工況要求......................................................................................143.1.2切削力和切削扭矩的計算..................................................................143.2主軸齒輪傳動方案確定...........................................................................................163.2.1設(shè)定齒輪傳動方案..............................................................................163.2.2主軸傳動設(shè)計和計算..........................................................................174工作臺縱向進(jìn)給機構(gòu)的設(shè)計..................................................................................254.1工作臺縱向進(jìn)給負(fù)載分析及計算.........................................................................254.1.1摩擦阻力計算......................................................................................254.1.2等效轉(zhuǎn)動慣量計算..............................................................................254.1.3絲杠摩擦阻力矩的計算......................................................................264.1.4等效負(fù)載轉(zhuǎn)矩的計算..........................................................................264.1.5起動慣性阻力矩的計算......................................................................264.1.6步進(jìn)電機輸出軸總的負(fù)載轉(zhuǎn)矩的計算..............................................264.2縱向進(jìn)給步進(jìn)電機選擇...........................................................................................26