高中英語(yǔ)“it”用法總結(jié) (2).doc

高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法：It 所構(gòu)成的20個(gè)句型詳解來(lái)源：英語(yǔ)網(wǎng)整理 2011-12-27 17:09:14標(biāo)簽：高中 語(yǔ)法 句型 當(dāng)前6702家長(zhǎng)在線討論根據(jù)it的用法特點(diǎn)可歸納為20個(gè)句型1. It is + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that 該句型是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。將被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that之后。被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分可以是主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ) 或狀語(yǔ)。強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語(yǔ)如果是人，that可以由who換用。如果把這種句型結(jié)構(gòu)劃掉后，應(yīng)該是一個(gè)完整無(wú)缺的句子。這也是判斷強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與其它從句的方法。It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.It was they that （who ） cleaned the classroom yesterday.It was in the street that I met her father.2. It is not until + 被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分 + that 該句型也是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。主要用于強(qiáng)凋時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，譯成漢語(yǔ)“直到才”，可以說(shuō)是 not until 的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式。It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.= Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star.= I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.3. It is clear （ obvious, true, possible, certain） that 該句型中it 是形式主語(yǔ)，真正的主語(yǔ)是that 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句，常譯為“清楚（顯然，真的，肯定）”是主語(yǔ)從句最常見(jiàn)的一種結(jié)構(gòu)。It is very clear that hes round and tall like a tree.= That hes round and tall like a tree is very clear.4. It is important （ necessary, right, strange, natural） that 該句型和上一個(gè)同屬一個(gè)句型。由于主句中的形容詞不同，that 后的從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣（should + 動(dòng)詞原形），should 可以省去。建議記住該句型中的形容詞。It is important that we （should） learn English well.It is necessary that he （should） remember these words.5. It is said （reported, learned） that 該句型中的it 仍是形式主語(yǔ)，真正主語(yǔ)是that 引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句。該結(jié)構(gòu)常譯為“據(jù)說(shuō)（據(jù)報(bào)道，據(jù)悉）”。It is said that he has come to Beijing.It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.6. It is suggested （ ordered ） that 該句型和上一個(gè)同屬一個(gè)句型。主句中的過(guò)去分詞是表示請(qǐng)求，建議，命令等詞時(shí)，that后的從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣（should + 動(dòng)詞原形），should 可以省。常譯為“據(jù)建議；有命令）It is suggested that the meeting （ should ） be put off.It was ordered that we （ should ） arrive there in two hours.7. It is a pity （ a shame ） that 該句型中，that后的從句一般用虛擬語(yǔ)氣（should + 動(dòng)詞原形），should可省去。表示出乎意料，常譯為”竟然“。沒(méi)有這種意義時(shí)，則不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。It is a pity that such a thing （ should ） happen in your class.這種事竟然發(fā)生在你們班上，真是遺憾！It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了，真遺憾！8. It is time （ about time ,high time ） that 該句型中that 后的從句應(yīng)該用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，值得注意的是 常用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)表示虛擬。 有時(shí)也用should + 動(dòng)詞原形，should 不能省。常譯為”是（正是）的時(shí)侯“。It is time that children should go to bed. = It is time that children went to bed.9. It is the first （ second ） time that 該句型要和上一個(gè)句型區(qū)別開(kāi)來(lái)。該句型中的 that 從句不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，而用完成時(shí)態(tài)。至于用什么完成時(shí)態(tài)，由主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)決定。如果是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，后面從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)；如果是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，后面從句則用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)。該結(jié)構(gòu)中 that 可以省去；it有時(shí)用 this 替換。常譯為”是第一（二）次“。It is the first time I have been here. = This is the first time I have been here.10. It is since 該句型主要用作處理瞬間動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)，又要和表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用的問(wèn)題。主句中是時(shí)間作表語(yǔ)，其時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或完成時(shí)，since 引導(dǎo)的從句通常是一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，而且是瞬間動(dòng)詞。如果主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句則用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。It is （ has been ） 5 years since his father died.11. It is when 該句型中的 when 引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，主句中的 it 指時(shí)間，表語(yǔ)由具體的時(shí)間充當(dāng)。常譯為”當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候，是“。It was 5 oclock when he came here.12. It be before 該句型主句中的 it 指時(shí)間， 主句中的時(shí)態(tài)常是將來(lái)一般時(shí)或過(guò)去時(shí)兩種時(shí)態(tài)。主句中的表語(yǔ)多是long, not long , 3 days , 2 weeks 等表示時(shí)間段的詞或短語(yǔ)。常譯為”之后“。It was 3 days before he went to Beijing.It will be not long before he finishes his job.13. It happens （seems, looks, appears ） that該句型中it是形式主語(yǔ)，that 引導(dǎo)的是主語(yǔ)從句，主句中的happen , seem等詞是不及物動(dòng)詞。It happened （ so happened ） that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧It seems that he will be back in a few days. 看來(lái)14. It takes sb. to do sth.該句型中的不定式是真正的主語(yǔ)，it是形式主語(yǔ)，句型中的直接賓語(yǔ)是時(shí)間。常譯為”做要花費(fèi)某人“。It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.15. It is no good （use ） doing sth.該句型中的真正主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)，主句中的表語(yǔ)可以是no good , （ not any good ） , no use , （ not any use ）。It is no good learning English without speaking English.16. It doesnt matter whether （ if ） 該句型中whether（if） 引導(dǎo)的從句是真正主語(yǔ)，該句型常譯為”不論（是否）沒(méi)關(guān)系It doesnt matter if they are old.17. It is kind （ of sb. ） to do sth.該句型中的不定式短語(yǔ)是真正主語(yǔ)，如果不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)是由 of引起，主句中的形容詞必須是能表示邏輯主語(yǔ)特征的形容詞。常見(jiàn)的有：bad , brave , careless, clever , cruel , foolish , good （好心的）， honest , horrible , kind , lazy , modest , naughty , nice（有教養(yǎng)的）， polite, rude , silly , stupid , wise , wrong（錯(cuò)誤的）等。 這個(gè)句型可以改寫(xiě)為：sb. is kind to do sth.It is kind of you to say so. = You are kind to say so.18. It is necessary （ for sb. ） to do sth.該句型與上一個(gè)同屬一個(gè)句型。如果不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)是由for引起，主句中的形容詞通常是表示重要性，緊迫性，頻繁程度，難易，安全等情況的形容詞。常見(jiàn)的形容詞有： important, necessary, natural easy , safe , common , normal , hard , difficult , dangerous , unusual, rare , impossible , pleasant等。在中的形容詞作表語(yǔ)可以用從句改寫(xiě)， 如：It is important for her to come to the party. = It is important that she （should ） come to the party19. It looks （ seems ） as if 該句型中it無(wú)意義。 as if 引導(dǎo)一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句。常譯為，“看起來(lái)好象”如果與事實(shí)不相符合，則用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。It looks as if he is ill.（真的病了）It looks as if he were ill. （沒(méi)有生?。㊣t seemed as if he were dying.20. We think it important to learn a foreign language.該句型中的it 作形式賓語(yǔ)。為了記憶方便我們可稱(chēng)該句型為“6123結(jié)構(gòu)”。6指主句中常用的動(dòng)詞：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel；1指的是形式賓語(yǔ)it; 2指的是賓補(bǔ)的兩種形式：形容詞或名詞；3指的是真正賓語(yǔ)的三種形式：不定式短語(yǔ)，動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)或that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day.1. I like_in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.A. this B. that C. it D. one解析 C.句中l(wèi)ike為及物動(dòng)詞，后面需要跟賓語(yǔ)。而like之后不可直接接從句作賓語(yǔ)。it可用于某些動(dòng)詞（hate, appreciate）和介詞之后作籠統(tǒng)賓語(yǔ)。2. He was nearly drowned once.When was_?_ was in 1998 when he was in middle school.A. that; It B. this; This C. this; It D. that; This解析A. 第一空用that指代上文提到的事情； 第二空用it指代第一空的that3. The Parkers bought a new house but_will need a lot of work before they can move in.A. they B. it C. one D. which解析 B此處it指代前面出現(xiàn)的a new house. it指代上文提到的同一事物，為特指；而one通常指代同類(lèi)事物中的某一個(gè)。4. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see_.A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is解析 D此處it用作人稱(chēng)代詞，指不明身份，性別的人；賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用陳述語(yǔ)序。5. In fact_is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match.A. this B. that C. there D. it解析 D此處it用作形式主語(yǔ)。6. Mikes mother kept telling him that he should work hard, but_didnt help.A. he B. it C. she D. which解析 B此處it用以指代前面的句子，可用that替換。7. Since you have repaired my computer,_is no need for me to buy a new one.A. it B. there C. this D. that解析 B考查固定句型 There is no need for sb to do sth8. The official made_clear that he would do everything possible to solve the problem.A. it B. this C. that D. him解析 A此處 it用作形式賓語(yǔ)。9. Do you like_here?Oh, yes, the air, the weather and the way of life. Everything is so nice.A. this B. there C. that D. it解析 D此處 it泛指自然環(huán)境。10. Bills aim is to inform the viewers that cigarette advertising in TV is illegal,_?A. isnt it B. is it C. isnt he D. is he解析A主語(yǔ)為 “ Bills aim”。11._is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high school is increasing.A. which B. As C. That D. It解析 B非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中， as /which均可指代整句話的內(nèi)容，但 which只能放在主句后，譯為 “這一點(diǎn)”； as則位置靈活，譯為 “正如”。12. It was with great joy_he received the news that his lost daughter had been found.A. because B. which C. since D. that解析 D考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。13. It was_back home after the experiment.A. not until midnight did he go_B. until midnight that he didnt goC. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didnt go解析 C考查not until結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。14. Why! I have nothing to confess._You want me to say?A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is that解析 A考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的特殊疑問(wèn)句句式。15. It is the ability to do the job_matters not where you come from or what you are.A. one B. that C. what D. it解析 B考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是not where you come from or what you are （but ） the ability to do the job.為了平衡結(jié)構(gòu)，部分移至句尾。He felt it important learning English well.They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.1.It took us over an hour _along the street.A.walk B.to walk C.walking D.walked2.I think it a great honour_to visit your country.A.to invite B.invitingC.having invited D.to be invited3.Many people now make_a rule to buy cards for their friends beforeChristmas.A.themselves B.it C.that D.this4._is very clear to everyone that hes round and tall like a tree.A.This B.What C.That D.It5.In the United States, bus travel doesnt cost much as train travel,_?A.dont they B.does itC.do they D.doesnt it6.Someone is at the door, who is_?A.this B.that C.it D.he7.It is raining cats and dogs._ .A.So it is B.So is itC.Neither it isD.Neither is it8.My home is in that tall building over there._?A.Can it see B.Can see itC.Can be seen it D.Can it be seen9. _raining hard for 3 hours without stopping.A.It is B.It was C.It has been D.It had been10.Has the boy got his bicycle now?Yes, the police gave_.A.him to him B.it to itC.it to himD.him to it11.Boy,It is, looks like spring is coming soon.Yeh, Itll just be a few more weeks.A.its really a nice day today, isnt it?B.what knid of weather are we going to have today?C.do you think it is going to rain today?D.what it like outside today?12.It is important _their offer.A.reject B.rejects C.to reject D.rejecting13.Has_been decided when we are to hold the sports-meeting?A.that B.this C.it D.what14.Did Li Lei call me while I was out?Yes, it was _that called you.A.him B.he C.who D.whom15.Nothing is wrong with the radio_?A.isnt it B.is that C.is it D.isnt that16.I dont know_makes her afraid of having her business discussed.A.what it is about Mary thatB.that is it abut Mary whatC.what is it about Mary thatD.that is about Mary what17.Which sentence is wrong?A.I felt it impossible for him to take the exam.B.I found it impossible that he might take the exam.C.I thought that he might not take the exam.D.In my opinion he might take the exam.18.I dont think _difficult for a Chinese student to master a foreignlanguage within five yearsA.that B.it C.too D.very19.Its the second time you _late this week.A.arrive B.arrived C.have arrived D.had arrived20.It will not be_we meet again.A.long before B.before longC.soon afterD.shortly after21.Its demanded that we_there on foot.A.not to go B.dont go C.not go D.wont go22.“It” is often used to _a baby.A.mean to B.stick to C.point to D.refer to23.It was not until 1936 _basketball became a regular part of the OlympicGames.A.that B.when C.which D.then24._you met the Englishman?A.Where it was that B.Who it was thatC.Where was it that D.Where was that25._that she has gone to the United States?A.Was it true B.Is it trueC.It is trueD.It was true26._certain that his invention will lead to the development of production.A.Thats B.This is C.Its D.Whats27._in 1914_the First World War broke out?A.Was that, that B.Was that, whenC.Was it. that D.Was it, when28.It is important that she_with Mr Williams immediately.A.speak B.spoke C.will speak D.to speak29._that theres another good harvest this year.A.It says B.It is said D.It was said D.He was said30.Itll be the first time_the play.A.Ive watched B.Ill watch C.I watch D.I would watch31.Its no use_over spilt milk.A.cry B.crying C.that you cry D.for you to cry32.It was great joy _he received the news that his long lost son wouldreturn homeA.as B.that C.so D.for參考答案1.B 2.D 3.B 4.D 5.B 6.C 7.A 8.D 9.C 10.C11.A 12.C 13.C 14.B 15.C 16.A 17.C 18.B 19.C 20.A21.C 22.D 23.A 24.C 25.B 26.C 27.C 28.A 29.B 30.A31.B 32.B高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法：It的完整用法精講來(lái)源：英語(yǔ)網(wǎng)整理 2011-12-27 17:04:55標(biāo)簽：高中 語(yǔ)法 當(dāng)前6838家長(zhǎng)在線討論it可用作人稱(chēng)代詞、指示代詞、先行詞及引導(dǎo)詞等。1. 人稱(chēng)代詞it，是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)中性，代表前文已提到過(guò)的一件事物。如：1）That vase is valuable. Its more than 200 years old. 那個(gè)花瓶很珍貴，它有200多年的歷史。2）I love swimming. It keeps me fit. 我喜歡游泳，它能使我保持健康。當(dāng)說(shuō)話者不清楚或無(wú)必要知道說(shuō)話對(duì)象的性別時(shí)，也可用it來(lái)表示。 如：3）Its a lovely baby. Is it a boy or a girl? 寶寶真可愛(ài)，是男孩還是女孩？it可用來(lái)指代團(tuán)體。如：4）The committee has met and it has rejected the proposal. 委員會(huì)已開(kāi)過(guò)會(huì)，拒絕了這項(xiàng)建議。it用以代替指示代詞this, that.如：5）- Whats this? - Its a pen. 這是什么？ 是一支鋼筆。6）- Whose book is that? - Its Mikes. 那是誰(shuí)的書(shū)？ 是邁克的。2. 指示代詞it，常用以指人。如：7）Go and see who it is. 去看看是誰(shuí)。8）- Who is making such a noise? 是誰(shuí)發(fā)出這樣的吵鬧聲？- It must be the children. 一定是孩子們。3.虛義it無(wú)指代性，常用作沒(méi)有具體意義的主語(yǔ)，出現(xiàn)于表示天氣、氣候、溫度、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、距離等意義的句子中。如：9）It is half past three now. 現(xiàn)在是三點(diǎn)半鐘。10）It is six miles to the nearest hospital from here. 這里離最近的醫(yī)院也有六英里。11）It was very cold; it snowed and grew dark.天氣很冷；天下著雪，漸漸地變黑了。it也常用來(lái)表示一般的籠統(tǒng)的情況。如：12）Its awfulIve got so much work I dont know where to start. 糟透了我有這么多工作要做我不知從何開(kāi)始。13）How is it going with you? 你近況如何？14）Take it easy. 不要緊張。it也常用于下列結(jié)構(gòu)：15）It looks as if the college is very small. 看起來(lái)這個(gè)學(xué)院很小。16）It seems as though our plan will be perfect. 似乎我們的計(jì)劃很完善。17）Its my turn. 該輪到我了。it也常用于某些習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)中作賓語(yǔ)，各該習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)有具體意義，但it并無(wú)具體意義。如：