泛讀第四冊第十一課課件審定稿

1、一、作者簡介About the authorLandon Y. JonesJones, who used to be a writer at Time and editor of Money and People magazines, serves on the National Council of the Lewis and Clark Bicentennial. He devoteshimself toling the story of Clark Lewis perhaps because he grew up in St. Louis,near where Lewis and Cla

2、rk launched their expedition in 1804 and where Clark spentthe last years of his life, attended Clark Elementary School. He is able to goo theexpeditionppened 200 years ago not only by spending a lot of time sitting inlibraries leafing through archival collections but also byng fieldwork in sitescent

3、ral to the Lewis and Clark adventure. His biography of William Clark named Iron Will is acclaimed as a definitive one.二、課文主旨要義Main Idea:For the ceration of the 200nniversary of the expedition undertaken by Lewisand Clark, the authorls a story about the two men with regard to their cooperationand the

4、ir influence on American history.三、語篇分析(1) 課文結(jié)構(gòu)分析TextanizationThe text can be roughly dividedo two parts.Part I (Paragraph 1) The author brieflyroduthe Lewis and Clark Expedition and its significance.Part II (The rest part of the text)The author dcts the two great explorers and their expedition in d

5、etail.he lastline of this article the authives his commentary words on the expedition.(2) 寫作風(fēng)格Writing StyleIt is an narrative article. By emphasizing the contribution and cooperation of the two leading men, Lewis and Clark, the author re ls the history of Lewis and Clark Expedition.(3) 修辭手法Rhetoric1

6、.CharacterizationThis article is writtenemory of Lewis and Clark at the bicentennial ceration of theirsignificant expedition. In order to present what kind of people Lewis and Clark were. LandonJones makes use of some adjectives in his writing. Employing adjectives is one of the mostimportant and co

7、mmon ways for characterization. And usually the author would justify theiruse by giving relevant facts about the subjects.Read this article carefully and look at the adjectives listed below. Then finish the followingtasks.1)l each word is used to describe whom, Lewis or Clark.2)l whether and how the

8、 author justifies his using of this word.3) Think about what other adjectives you may use for these two people according to what youknow about the text or other supplementary materials.cool-mindedagreeablepleasantinveteratealoofmercurialbroodinggenialfearless四、背景知識I. Information Related to the TextT

9、he Route of the Lewis and Clark Expedition to the PacificNOTE: Outbound route shown in red, inbound in blue.1. Lewis and Clark ExpeditionUpon the U.S. purchase of the Louisiana Territory in 1803,ThomasJefferson asked Congress for $2,500 for an expedition west of the Mississippi. To explore the vast

10、unknown territory of western America, he w er of 1803-04 the expedition was assembled in Illinois, near St. Louis. Jefferson chose his youngsecretary, captaeriwether Lewis to head the expedition. Lewis invited his friendutenant William Clark to share the leadership. Both were familiar with the front

11、ierand withns through their servicehe army. The party consisted of 14 soldiers,nine frontiersmen from Kentucky, two French boatmen and Clarks servant, York. On a site close to present-day Stanton, North Dakota, the explorers hired a Frenchreter, and hisn wife, Sacagawea, the sister of a Shoshone chi

12、ef. While atFort Mandan, Sacagawea gave birth to a baby boy. As annreter she provedinvaluable. Her brother later provided the party with guides and horses for the difficult crossing of the lofty Bitterroot Range.The expedition started near what is now known as Wood River, Illinois, passed through po

13、rtions of Missouri, Kansas, Iowa, Nebraska, South Dakota, North Dakota, Montana, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington, reached the Pacific Ocean in November 1805. The party reached St. Louis on Sept. 23, 1806. Their arrival caused great rejoicing, for they had been be ved dead. They had been gone two years

14、, fourmonths, and nine days, and had traveled about 6,000(9,650 kilometers).Lewis and Clark brought back much new material for map makers and specimens of previously unknown wildlife. American settlers and traders soon began to travelover the route they had blazed. The detailed journals of the trip

15、contribute a pricelessnarrative of Normerican exploration and did much to open the way for westwardexpan.Portrait of Meriwether Lewis by Charles Willson Peale, ca 1807.Courtesy of Independence National Historical Park, National Park Service2. Meriwether Lewis (1774-1809)Meriwether Lewis is remembere

16、d as the U.S. explorer who ledthetranscontinental expedition to the Pacific Northwest developed a love of the wilderness and became an expert in the regular army and became private secretary towith William Clark. He ter as a boy. He served Thomas Jefferson in1801. He studied botany, zoology and cele

17、stial navigation to prepare for the misof exploring the west. His sucsful leadership of the expedition and harmoniousco-operation with William Clark have made him a worthy memoryhe Americanhistory of westward movement. Yet his mysterious death of Louisiana Territory is still a subject of controversy

18、.heition ofernorPortrait of William Clark by Charles Willson Peale, ca. 1810.Courtesy of Independence National Historical Park, National Park Service3. William Clark (1770-1838)William Clark won fame as an explorer by co-leading theoverland expeditionto the Pacific Northwest from 1804 to 1806. Willi

19、am entered military service in 1789and fought in severalns against thens. His sharing with Lewisleadership of thec transcontinental expedition proved him a daring and resourcefulpartner, a capable mapmaker and artist. He was awarded 1,600 acres of public land aswell as superendent ofn airs. From 181

20、3 he served asernor of theMissouri Territory and played an essential rolehedevelopment of the area.4. Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826) Thomas Jefferson, the thirdof the U.S. who served from 1801 to 1809,was born in Albermarle County, Virginia. He inherited from his father immensewealnd from his mother h

21、igh sol standing. He studied at the College of Williamand Mary. Though not good at public speech, Jefferson, at 33, drafted the Declaration of Independence. He also succeeded Benjamin Fr lin as minister to France in 1785. Jefferson retired to Monticello to concentrate on his designs for the Universi

22、ty of Virginia. He died on July 4, 1826.From FrBond, Louisiana and the Louisiana Purchase.ernment Pring Office, 1912 Map No. 4.6. Louisiana PurchaseTerritory of the western United Ses purchased from France in 1803. Thelargest single territorial addition ever made to the United Ses, it comprised2,100

23、,000 sq km (800,000 sq mi) for $15 million, extending from the Gulf of Mexico northward to the Canadian border and from the Mississippi River westward to theRocky Mountains and offi (18041806).lly explored by the Lewis and Clark expedition五、課文導(dǎo)讀1.1.生詞bulo(L. 5)/ n.oxlike mammals in North America, 美洲

24、野牛teepee(L. 5)/ n.2.A portable dwelling of certain NativeAmerican peoples, espelly on the Great Plains, consisting of a conicalframework of poles covered with skins or bark., 印第安人的帳篷3.enlightenment （L. 22） /The act or means of givingspiritual orellectual insight to, 啟迪，啟蒙4.“Looner”, “Water millions”

25、, “bearfooted”, “Untied Ses”The words withquoion marks here are all misspellings. Please look at the question 3 in 課后練習(xí), （細(xì)節(jié)問答）of Lesson 11.5.6.7.trek(L. 36)/ v.To make a slow or arduous journey, 艱難跋涉buddy (L. 43) / n. A good friend, 伙伴CEO(L.61)abbr. Chief Executive Officer, 執(zhí)行8. dress (L. 99)/ / v.

26、 To apply medication, bandages, or other theruticmaterials to (a wound), 清創(chuàng)，敷藥，包扎傷口9. blizzard (L. 109) / n. A very heavy snowstorm with high winds. 大風(fēng)雪伴隨有大風(fēng)的大雪10. broiling (L. 109) / n. very hot, heating, 酷熱的, 熾熱的11. yardstick(L. 118)/ n.A graduated measuring stick oneyard in length, 碼尺， 準(zhǔn)繩12. appa

27、l(L. 122)/ v. frighten, horrify, 驚駭13. trunkload(L. 131) time 一箱之量n. Thetyt is or can be carried in a trunk at one2.短語1.play ogainst (L. 13):to ope someone against someone else for onesown advantage， in contrast to同相反Thes woulderview them and would play off one against the other.2.in common (L. 17)

28、: equally with or by all一樣，同樣與所有的都相同地The peoplehe two countries have a great deal in common: they bothlove the peace in the world and hope to promote the friendship bet them, etc.n3.in fairness （L. 28）: speaking justly公平地說In fairness, he did much bettern I did.4.in a pinch （L. 87）: if nesary 在緊要關(guān)頭，必

29、要時They trusted each other and would help each other in a pinch.5.fe ahead （L. 90）: go ahead 前進(jìn)The army fed ahead through the snowfield.6.strike out ahead (L.93) : go ahead 前進(jìn)The swimmers stroke out ahead to cross the English channel.7.contend with (L. 109) struggle against, 同搏斗Many lower-class peopl

30、e poverty.he develocountries are contending with8.in view (L.113) : in sight 被看到We stood in full view of the crowd.9.not to mention (L. 130): without mentioning, even if not including 更不要說，更談不上They decided to buy the house, for id quiet neighbourhood, convenientfacilities for the old, not to mention

31、 the central locationhe town.10.take over (L. 152): to accept duty, responsibility or something from someone else. 接收， 接管The company has promised to take over the responsibility for paying the victims of the accident.11.in bold type (L. 161): boldface黑體字的，粗體的The title of this article must be pred in

32、 bold type.12.leave out (L.155): do not include (something or someone) as in a list 不包括；漏掉Please complete this cheque properly; the date has been left out.13.make of (L. 175) understand 理解I could make nothing of the chairmans remark.3 難句改寫1. Paraphrase the following Difficulten1) They were both fear

33、less spellers.(L. 24)Neither of them were afraid of making spelling mistakes.2) But now, leaving Gee in his familys care, William accepted “chearfully,” and“with much pleasure”just in time to prevent Lewis from signing up his backupchoice, an Armyutenant named Moses Hooke.(L. 53-56)If William had ac

34、cepted Lewiss inviion a little bit later, Lewis would haveoffilly ied the appoment to his alternative, an Armyutenant namedMoses Hooke.3) He brokered the crul early compromiset ended a staredown with the TetonSioux.(L. 64-67)He negotiated the most critical early agreement with the Teton Siouxt ended

35、a.4) He could speak fluently and learnedly on all subjects, but his inveterate disitionagainst the British stained,east in our eyes, all his eloquence.(L. 73-75)He could speak fluently with good knowledge on all subjects, but his rootedtendency to go against the British made a mess of his skilful sp

36、eaking, far as we could see.east as5) We are in the canoe with Clark when he writes, “On in view!O! the joy,”straining to hear the waves breaking on the shore he had sought for so long. 112-115)(L.When we read the part where Clark writes about their final arrival at the ocean,we seem to be there wit

37、h him and try with all our might to hear the breaking on the seashore he had been looking for all the time.waves六、課后練習(xí)1.解釋詞義Guess the meanings of the following with the help of the context clues.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.pull (L.11) played ogainst (L. 13) strike out ahead (L.93) dressed (L.99) overruled (L.

38、103) boiling ras (L. 110) in view (L.113) not to mention (L. 131) left out (L.155) 10. bringing the saga to life (L. 181) 2細(xì)節(jié)問答1. How do you react to the title Leading Men? What do you expect of the relationshipbetn the two leaders of the expedition?2. What is impdheparagraph about the relationship

39、betn the co-CEOs?3. By fearless spellers, Jones, the devoted author, refers to the two leaders many creative spellings of their own. Can you guess the right forms of those misspelled words?4. Can you make a list of the similarities and differenof Lewis and Clark?5. How does the author build up the m

40、ain ideat Lewis and Clark are among thefew effective co-CEOs inanizational history?6. Did the expedition fulfil the objective designated by why not?Jefferson? Why or3改寫長難句1In fairness, even the best-educated Americans displayed erratic spellings untilNoah Websters dictionary standardized spellino de

41、cades later. (L. 28-30)2He is a youth of solid and promising parts, and as brave as Caesar. (L. 37-38)3Nothing reveals the captains moren their treatment of Sacagawea. (L. 78-79)4The press run was a paltry 1,417 copies. (L. 164)5Finally they settled for saluting “their perilous servi American heart.

42、”(t) endear them to every4翻譯長難句Put the following（教參部分）o Chi.1.Allt evidence notwithstanding, the more we learn about the two captains whogave their names to the Lewis and Clark Expedition, the moreerfultheir pull on our imagination. (L.811)es2.When Clarksipated commisas a captain instead came throug

43、h asled years laterthey never told theirsecondutenanta misstept still rmen and treated each other as equals-placing them among the few effectiveco-CEOS inanizational history. (L.5761)3.If nothing else, later traders and settlers, appalled by the expeditions experience,learned where not to go and fou

44、nd a friendr route along the Platte River across Nebraska and over South Pass in Wyoming. (L.122125)4. But beset by administrative battles in his new job asernor of LouisianaTerritory, frustrated in his romaspirations and sinkingo a depresfueled by alcohol andsibly disease, Lewis developed one of hi

45、storysmonumental cases of writers block. (L. 136140)5. Prominently marked on Clarks map were the names of dozens of tribest livedthere, in bold typet continues to undermine the notiont the West was everan unpopulated wilderness. (L. 160163)（教參之外部分）1They shared with their friend Thomas Jeffersonfor s

46、uch Enlightenmentscienas ethnology, paleontology, zoology and botany. （L. 21-23）2The two were living together on a poof land overlooking the Ohio River justbelow Louisville when William received an astonishing letter from his old Armybuddy. (L. 41-43)3Lewis told Clarkt Jefferson hlaced him in charge

47、 of a misto explore“theerior of the continent of Normerica, ort part of it bordering on theMissourie & Columbia Rivers.”mander. (L. 47-51)Moreover, Lewis wanted Clark to be hisBut the less formal Clark nicknamed her “Janey” and treated her warmly. (L.82-83)We can look over their shoulders as they an

48、d their party of 31 contend withger,disease, blizzards, broiling sun, boiling ras, furious grizzly bears andunrelentings of tormenting “mosquitos.” (L. 108-111)課后練習(xí)1. 解釋詞義1) pullinfluence, er(Their influence on our imaginationes moreerful when we learn more about them.)2)played off againstin contras

49、t to, oped to(Its obvioust played offagainst means about the same as contrastinghepart of the sentence.)3)strike out aheadset out, go ahead(In the foregoing context, Lewis fedahead to save the party. This time Clark took a similar action. So fmeans about the same as strike out ahead.)e ahead4)5)dres

50、sed overruledbandaged(What you do after cleaning a wound is bandage it.)decided against, dismissed(The party made a deciabout thedirection of the river, but the captains dismissed their judgement.)6)boiling rasviolent fast-flowing parts of a river(The author is listing thehardships they went through

51、 and it is reasonable to guess some bubbling water.)t boiling refers to7)in viewin sight assigned by the not to mention(ast they saw the ocean which was the.)ed destination8)without mentioning, even if not including(The achievementsof the expedition were not only the examining of truckloads of plant

52、 and animalspecimens but more importantly the understanding of numerousn tribes.)t the total of their9)left outdid not include(It is mentioned at the beginningjournals equals 13 volumes. But thepublication was only 2 volumes so mostof their discoveries was not included here.)10) bringing the saga to

53、 lifemaking the long legendary account of their expeditionvividly known to the public(After being buried for a century the story of the expedition was brought back to life and known to us.)2細(xì)節(jié)問答1. How do you react to the title Leading Men? What do you expect of the relationshipbetn the two leaders o

54、f the expedition?The title shows the authors focus on looking at the historic event. Judging from many stories about human jealousy and hatred, we are inclined to expect a tenbetn the two leaders and evens and grudges.2. What is impdheparagraph about the relationship betn the co-CEOs?Theparagraresen

55、ts some hard facts of the expedition. The factt Lewisand Clark spent almoshousand days and nights together and finally came up withsuch substantial fruits testifies unquestionably to their harmonious co-operation.3. By fearless spellers, Jones, the devoted author, refers to the two leaders many crea

56、tive spellings of their own. Can you guess the right forms of those misspelled words?looner observations - bearfooted - barefooted;ar observations;water millions - water melonsUntied Ses - United Seschearfully - cheerfully;butifull - beautiful wher - whereherd - heardon - ocean;waight - weight; rele

57、af - ref Teachers Comment:Themisspellings are cited here for two reasons at least. Itshows the kindly amused tone of the author-you cant help laughing when you thinktwice the oping Untied Ses and United Ses, bearfooted and barefooted. Onthe other hand, it also serves as evidencet the author does a l

58、ot of reading of theoriginal journals and therefore his account of the two men is well-grounded.4. Can you make a list of the similarities and differenof Lewis and Clark?They were both Virginians, Army officers, six-footers, experienced outdoors men,lovers of nature and Enlightenment scien Character

59、ization in Part I. As to their contrastivealities, see5. How does the author build up the main ideat Lewis and Clark are among the few effective co-CEOs inanizational history?Thepois their complementaryalities which enabled them to dealwith crises and all kinds ofalities. The second pois their capac

60、ity to amesole leadership if nesary. The third pois their mutual care and support as isshown in the stories of their injuries respectively. Most importantly their devotedpartnership is demonstratedhe publishing of their journals, particularly in Lewisfull trust in Clarks coming to his ref in his fin