英語初高中銜接教（學(xué)）案

1、WORD.25/25霍城縣中學(xué)集體備課教案年級(jí)高一學(xué)科 英語主備人曾潔羅倩第二稿教學(xué)容：初高中英語銜接教學(xué)目標(biāo)（按考試大綱要求）知識(shí)與技能目標(biāo)：掌握英語語音基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)掌握英語句子的種類，句子的成分，成分的劃分，詞類以與時(shí)態(tài)。掌握英語閱讀策略。過程與方法目標(biāo)：指導(dǎo)學(xué)生根據(jù)語音知識(shí)識(shí)記單詞。讓學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)劃分句子的成分，并了解基本句型。掌握一些閱讀技巧，提高閱讀效率。情感態(tài)度與價(jià)值觀目標(biāo)：幫助學(xué)生銜接初高中的英語知識(shí)，提高對(duì)英語的學(xué)習(xí)興趣。復(fù)備人：愛麗于紅莉馬海英磊黃瑩馬志英馬鳳梅曾祥國教學(xué)重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)1.掌握英語語音基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)2.掌握英語句子的種類，句子的成分，成分的劃分，詞類以與時(shí)態(tài)。3.掌握英語閱讀策略

2、修改補(bǔ)充：三、 如何突出重點(diǎn)、突破難點(diǎn)1. Develop students reading ability and let them learn different reading skills.2. Use Task-Based method to help students master the key points.3. Let students get a better understanding of the grammar item.四、 課時(shí)安排 1st Period 語音基礎(chǔ)知識(shí) 2nd Period 句子的種類和成分 3rd Period 詞類 4th Period 句子的

3、時(shí)態(tài) 5th Period 閱讀策略a 教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)Period 1語音基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)Teaching procedures一、英語字母與發(fā)音： 1.英語中有26個(gè)字母，其中5個(gè)元音字母：a, e, i, o, u。它們的音標(biāo)分別是：/ei/, /i:/, /ai/, /, /ju:/。剩下的21個(gè)字母都是輔音字母。英語字母發(fā)音表A a/ei/B b/bi:/C c/si:/D d/di:/E e/i:/F f/ef/G g/ i:/H h/ei/I i/ai/J j/ ei/K k/kei/L l/el/M m/em/N n/en/O o/P p/pi:/Q q/kju:R r/a:/S s/es/T

4、 t/ti;/U u/ju:/V v/vi:/W w/dblju:/X x/eks/Y y/wai/Z z/zi:/或/zed/二、英語字母發(fā)音歸類/ei/ Aa Hh Jj Kk/i:/ Ee Bb Cc Dd Ee Gg Pp Tt Vv/ai/ Ii Yy/ Oo/ju:/ Uu Ww/a:/ Rr/e/ Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx Zz 三、26個(gè)字母的分類：兩類：1、元音字母5個(gè)：Aa,Ee,Ii,Oo,Uu2、輔音字母21個(gè)：Bb , Cc, Dd, Ff, Gg, Hh, Jj, Kk, Ll, Mm, Nn, Pp, , Rr, Ss, Tt, Vv, Ww, Xx,

5、Yy, Zz四、26個(gè)字母的基本發(fā)音：元音字母通常有兩種主要發(fā)音，即短音和長音（字母本身的名稱音）如Aa的短音讀作/，長音讀作/e/輔音字母在單詞中的發(fā)音通常是將字母名稱音中的元音去掉，余下的音就是該字母在單詞中的讀音。如Ff在單詞中讀作/f/ Kk讀作/k/掐頭法學(xué)讀音輔音字母在單詞中的發(fā)音讀下列輔音字母名稱音，將其第一個(gè)音去掉，余下的音，即為該字母在單詞中的讀音。Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx Ff /ef / /e/ /f/ 去/e/ 余/f/ Ll /e/ /e/ / 去/e/余/Mm /em/ /e/ /m/ 去/e/ 余/fm/ Nn /en / /e/ /n/ 去/e/余/n

6、/Ss /es / /e/ /s/ 去/e/余/s/ Xx /eks/ /e/ /ks/ 去/e/余/ks/去尾法學(xué)讀音讀下列輔音字母名稱音，將其后面的音去掉，余下的音，即為該字母在單詞中的讀音。Bb Cc Dd Jj Kk Pp Tt Vv Zz Bb/bi:/ /b/ / i:/ 去/ i:/ 余/ b / Cc /si:/ /s/ /i:/ 去/i:/余/s/Dd /di:/ /d/ / i:/ 去/ i:/ 余/d/ Jj / di: / /d/ /i:/去/i:/余/ d/Kk /ke/ /k/ /e/ 去/ e/余/k/ Pp /pi:/ /p/ /i:/去/i:/余/p/Tt /

7、ti:/ / t/ /i:/ 去/ i:/ 余/t/ Vv /v i:/ /v/ /i:/ 去/i:/余/v/Zz /z i:/ /z/ / i:/ 去/ i:/ 余/z/ 輔音字母g, h, y, w,r在單詞中的發(fā)音對(duì)比法學(xué)讀音英語輔音字母g,h,y,w,r在單詞中的讀音與漢語拼音,h,y, w,r的讀音相似。注意對(duì)比區(qū)別。漢語拼音 ， h, y, w, r英語讀音 g, h, y, w, rLets spellstudy st-di /discover /dIskv (r)/ secret /si:krt/ grammar /grm (r)/ countrykn-tri review /

8、rivju:/ knowledge/nlid/survey/s:(r)vei/ separate /sep reit/ seasons i: z ntablet ei b l carka: dictionarydik-n-ri troubletr bl 一、48個(gè)國際音標(biāo)表元音（20個(gè)）長元音/:/:/:/i:/u:/短元音/e/e/a/ 雙元音/e/a/輔輔音（28個(gè)）輕輔音/p/t/k/f/s/濁輔音/b/d/g/v/z/輕輔音/h/ts/t/tr/濁輔音/r/dz/d/dr/鼻音/m/n/ 半元音 /j/ w/邊音/二、音素：即每一個(gè)獨(dú)立的國際音標(biāo)。E.g. study s-t-d-i

9、(含5個(gè)音素) car k-a:（含2個(gè)音素）dictionary d-i-k-n-r-i（含9個(gè)音素）音標(biāo)：即每一個(gè)單詞的完整的注音記錄。音節(jié): 由元音和輔音構(gòu)成的發(fā)音單位. 每個(gè)單詞的音標(biāo)都分有幾段音節(jié)（至少一個(gè)），含有幾個(gè)元音音素，就有幾個(gè)音節(jié)（段）。三、音節(jié)的劃分與重讀技巧一個(gè)元音一音節(jié)：?jiǎn)卧~音節(jié)的劃分是按元音的多少來確定的，有一個(gè)元音就有一個(gè)音節(jié)。兩個(gè)元音雙音節(jié)，重音落在前音節(jié)。有兩個(gè)元音就構(gòu)成兩個(gè)音節(jié)。大部分雙音節(jié)詞的重讀落在第一個(gè)音節(jié)上。如：student, stu-dent; doctor, doc-tor; 加上前綴a-, re-等，重音落在后音節(jié)。如,ago, a-go兩個(gè)

10、輔音緊挨著，中間分開各一個(gè)。如果在一個(gè)單詞中出現(xiàn)了兩個(gè)輔音緊挨著的情況，劃分音節(jié)時(shí)，中間分開，前后各一個(gè)。如midnight, mid-night; 三個(gè)元音多音節(jié)，重音多在倒數(shù)三。三個(gè)以上音節(jié)的單詞，重音一般落在倒數(shù)第三個(gè)音節(jié)上。如，favourite, fa-vo-rite; vegetable,vege-ta-ble; interesting, in-teres-ting 無元音的成音節(jié)，也能獨(dú)立成音節(jié)。m, l , n 在詞尾，前面雖然沒有元音但也可以構(gòu)成一個(gè)音節(jié)叫做成音節(jié)，如：apple, ap-ple garden, gar-den記憶口訣：朗讀單詞按音節(jié)，要以元音為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。一般規(guī)則

11、要記住，一個(gè)元音一音節(jié)。兩元拼成雙元音，也要看做單音節(jié)。兩個(gè)元音雙音節(jié)，重音落在前音節(jié)。加上前綴a-,re-等，重音落在后音節(jié)。兩個(gè)輔音緊挨著，中間分開各一個(gè)。三個(gè)元音多音節(jié)，重讀躲在倒數(shù)三。無元音的成音節(jié)，也能獨(dú)立成音節(jié)。四、練習(xí)昨日重現(xiàn)aloud/laud/ discover/dIskv(r)/secret/si:krt/ grammar /grm (r)/note /nut/ increase /Inkri:s/ability /bilti/ active /ktiv/pal /pl/ attention /tenn/review /rivju:/ knowledge /nlid/sur

12、vey /s:(r)vei/ separate /sep reit/senior/si:ni(r)/ graduate /grdueit/row /ru/ advantage / dva:ntid/bottom /btm/ public /p blik/新的啟航upset /pset/心煩意亂的 ignore /ign:/ 不理睬calm /k:m/ (使)平靜 concern /kns:n/ (使)擔(dān)憂loose /lu:s/ 松的 vet /vet/ 獸醫(yī)series /siri:z/ 連續(xù) outdoors /autd:z/ 在戶外spellbind /spelbaind/ 迷住 dus

13、k /dsk/ 黃昏thunder /nd/ 打雷 curtain /k:tn/ 窗簾dusty /dsti/ 積滿灰塵的 partner /p:tn/ 伙伴settle /setl/ 安家 suffer /sf/ 遭受highway /haiwei/ 公路recover /rikv/ 痊愈pack /pk/ 包裝 disagree /disgri:/ 不同意grateful /greitful/ 感激的 gossip /gsip/ 閑話教學(xué)反思：Period 2句子的種類和成分一導(dǎo)入簡(jiǎn)單句1. 翻譯下列句子= 1 * GB3我是一名學(xué)生= 2 * GB3你應(yīng)當(dāng)努力學(xué)習(xí)= 3 * GB3昨晚我

14、寫了一封信= 4 * GB3我父親上周給我買了一輛新的自行車= 5 * GB3我們叫她Alice2.根據(jù)學(xué)生翻譯的句子分析5種簡(jiǎn)單句的結(jié)構(gòu)You should study hard主 + 謂I m a student 主+ 系 + 表I wrote a letter last night 主 + 謂 + 賓My father bought me a new bike last week 主+謂 + 間接賓語 + 直接賓語We call her Alice主 + 謂 + 賓 + 賓補(bǔ)二.句子成分由不同詞類的單詞，按照一定的語法規(guī)則組合在一起，能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整意思的語言單位叫做句子。一個(gè)句子由各個(gè)功

15、能不同的部分構(gòu)成，這些部分叫做句子成分(members of the sentence)。英語的句子成分有八種：主語、謂語動(dòng)詞、表語、賓語、定語、狀語、主語補(bǔ)足語和賓語補(bǔ)足語?，F(xiàn)分述如下：1)主語（subject）句子的主體，全句述說的對(duì)象。一般由名詞,主格代詞,動(dòng)詞不定式,動(dòng)名詞或從句擔(dān)任,常置于句首。 I like football. The boy needs a pen.2) 謂語（predicate）說明主語的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。由動(dòng)詞擔(dān)任。常置于主語后。 The train leaves at 6 oclock.I want a ticket. 3) 賓語（object）表示vt.的動(dòng)作對(duì)

16、象或prep.所聯(lián)系的對(duì)象。由n.或相當(dāng)于n.的詞擔(dān)任。置于vt.或prep.后。He won the game. On the desk Tome lost his life in the big fire4) 表語（predicative）用以表述主語的特征、狀態(tài)、身份等。由n.或adj.擔(dān)任。置于系動(dòng)詞之后。 He is a student.除了be 系動(dòng)詞外，還有一些動(dòng)詞也可以用作系動(dòng)詞，表感官的動(dòng)詞: feel, smell, taste, sound, look, appear, seem等表轉(zhuǎn)變變化的動(dòng)詞:become, get, grow, turn, go,等表延續(xù)的動(dòng)詞:r

17、emain, keep, hold, stay, rest等5) 賓補(bǔ)（objective complement）補(bǔ)充說明賓語的情況。由n. /adj. /介賓 /分詞 /不定式等擔(dān)任They made him king I consider the book too expensive.6) 定語（attributive）對(duì)名詞或代詞起修飾、限定作用的詞、短語或句子，漢語中常用的表示,通常位于被修飾的成分前The black bike is mine.說明1：當(dāng)定語修飾不定代詞如：nothing , anything , everything , something 等時(shí)，定語要放在其后作后

18、置定語我告訴他一些有趣的事情。 I tell him something interesting .說明2：不定式、短語或從句作定語時(shí)，也放在被修飾的名詞之后。這間屋子里的男孩子們是10班的。 The boys in the room are in Class Ten. 7) 狀語（adverbial）用以修飾adj. /v. /adv.與全句,位置靈活。通常在句子基本結(jié)構(gòu)之后，強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)放在句首；修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí)，通常位于被修飾的詞之前；表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、目的的狀語一般位于句子兩頭，強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)放在句首，一些表示不確定時(shí)間（如：often）或程度（如：almost）的副詞狀語通常位于be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、

19、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后，動(dòng)詞之前I am very sorry. We often help him. When I grow up , I am going to be a teacher .三.練習(xí) 1）分析句子成分1 Classes begin at eight every day.2.He has read this book many times.3 Mrs Brown looks very healthy. 4 Grandma told me an interesting story last night.5 Children, keep quiet please.2）連詞成句1. taug

20、ht Mr Johnson German us last year 2. leaves The yellow have turned 3. our school more beautiful We will make 4. five years ago Beijing lived in I 連詞成句答案：1. Mr Johnson taught us German last year. 2. The leaves have turned yellow. 3. We will make our school more beautiful. 4. I lived in Beijing five y

21、ears ago. 5. I received a letter from my pen friend in Australia.3)翻譯句子(可做homework )1 會(huì)議將持續(xù)兩小時(shí)。2 我會(huì)說三種外語3 這個(gè)報(bào)告聽起來很有趣。4 請(qǐng)把那本字典遞給我好嗎？5 他的父母給他取名John教學(xué)反思：Period 3詞類能夠自由運(yùn)用的最小語言單位叫詞。根據(jù)詞的形式、意義與其在句中的作用所作的分類叫詞類（parts of speech）。英語的詞通常分為十大類，即名詞、冠詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞、介詞、連詞和感嘆詞。一主語：例如：During the 1990s, American co

22、untry music has become more and more popular.（名詞）We often speak English in class.（_詞）One-third of the students in this class are girls.（_詞）To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（_）Smoking does harm to the health.（_）The rich should help the poor.（名詞化的_詞）When we are going to have an English test ha

23、s not been decided.（_從句）It is necessary to master a foreign language.（it作形式主語，真正的主語為_）總結(jié)主語可由名詞、_、_、_、_、_和_等表示。提示但在there be結(jié)構(gòu)、疑問句（當(dāng)主語不疑問詞時(shí)）和倒裝句中，主語位于謂語、助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面。二謂語：謂語說明主語所做的動(dòng)作或具有的特征和狀態(tài)。動(dòng)詞在句中作謂語，一般放在主語之后。謂語的構(gòu)成如下：1、簡(jiǎn)單謂語：由一個(gè)動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語構(gòu)成。如：He practices running every morning.2、復(fù)合謂語：（1）由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或其他助動(dòng)詞加動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成。如

24、：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. （2）由系動(dòng)詞加表語構(gòu)成。如：We are students.三表語：表語用以說明主語的身份、特征和狀態(tài)，它一般位于系動(dòng)詞（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。例如：Our teacher of English is an American.（名詞）Is it yours?（_詞）The weather has turned cold.（_詞）The speech is exciting.（_詞）Three tim

25、es seven is twenty one?（_詞）His job is to teach English.（_）His hobby（愛好）is playing football.（_詞）The machine must be out of order.（_短語）Time is up. The class is over.（_詞）The truth is that he has never been abroad.（_從句）總結(jié)表語一般由名詞、_、_、_、_、_、_、_、_與_表示。四賓語：賓語表示動(dòng)作的對(duì)象或承愛者，一般位于與物動(dòng)詞和介詞后面。例如：They went to see an

26、exhibition（展覽）yesterday.（名詞）The heavy rain prevented me form coming to school on time.（_詞）How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.（_詞）They helped the old with their housework yesterday.（_詞）He pretended not to see me.（_短語）I enjoy listening to popular music.（_短語）I think（that）he is fit for his o

27、ffice.（_從句）提示賓語種類：（1）雙賓語（間接賓語+直接賓語），例如：Lend me your dictionary, please.（2）復(fù)合賓語（賓語+賓補(bǔ)），例如：They elected him their monitor.五賓語補(bǔ)足語：英語中有些與物動(dòng)詞，除有一個(gè)直接賓語以外，還要有一個(gè)賓語補(bǔ)語，才能使句子的意義完整。例如：His father named him Dongming.（名詞）They painted their boat white.（形容詞）Let the fresh air in.（副詞）You mustnt force him to lend his m

28、oney to you.（不定式短語）We saw her entering the room.（現(xiàn)在分詞）We found everything in the lab in good order.（介詞短語）We will soon make our city what your city is now.（從句）總結(jié)賓補(bǔ)可由名詞、_、_、_、_、_短語和_充當(dāng)。例如：提示帶有賓語補(bǔ)足語的一般句型為：某些與物動(dòng)詞（如make等+賓語+賓補(bǔ)）。六 定語：修飾名詞或代詞的詞、短語或從句稱為定語。定語可由以下等成分表示：Guilin is a beautiful city.（形容詞）China is

29、 a developing country; America is a developed country.（_）There are thirty women teachers is our school.（_）His rapid progress in English made us surprised.（_）Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.（_）The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.（_）He is reading an article about

30、 how to learn English.（_）The man who is speaking is our English teacher.（_）七狀語：修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子，說明動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)特征的句子成分，叫做狀語。可由以下形式表示：Light travels most quickly.（副詞與副詞性詞組）He has lived in the city for ten years.（介詞短語）He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.（不定式短語）He is in the room

31、 making a model plane.（分詞短語）Once you begin, you must continue.（狀語從句）練習(xí)指出下列句子劃線部分是什么句子成分：1 Classes begin at eight every day.2.He has read this book many times.3 Mrs Brown looks very healthy. 4 Grandma told me an interesting story last night.5 Children, keep quiet please.6 Mr Johnson taught us German

32、last year. 7 The leaves have turned yellow. 8 We will make our school more beautiful.9 I lived in Beijing five years ago.10 I received a letter from my pen friend in Australia.小結(jié)：詞類是孤立的單詞的分類；而句子成分則指單詞、詞組、短語或從句在句中的作用。句子的各種成分總是由屬于一定詞類的單詞（或詞組、短語、從句）來擔(dān)當(dāng)?shù)摹Ｒ虼嗽谠~類和句子成分之間存在著某種對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系?，F(xiàn)將這種對(duì)應(yīng)關(guān)系列表如下：主語賓語表語定語狀語賓(主)

33、語補(bǔ)足語名 詞代 詞形容詞副 詞數(shù) 詞不定式分 詞動(dòng)名詞介詞短語教學(xué)反思：Period 4句子的時(shí)態(tài)一.復(fù)習(xí)劃分句子成分1 Classes begin at eight every day.2.He has read this book many times.3 Mrs Brown looks very healthy. 4 Grandma told me an interesting story last night.5 Children, keep quiet please.6 Mr Johnson taught us German last year. 7 The leaves have

34、 turned yellow. 8 We will make our school more beautiful.9 I lived in Beijing five years ago.10 I received a letter from my pen friend in Australia.注意不同動(dòng)詞形式表達(dá)不同的時(shí)態(tài)二.時(shí)態(tài)是動(dòng)詞的一種形式，不同的時(shí)態(tài)用來表示在不同的時(shí)間以不同的方式發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。英語中動(dòng)詞有16種時(shí)態(tài)，我們要重點(diǎn)掌握一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、一般將來時(shí)、一般過去時(shí)、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)、過去將來時(shí)這八種時(shí)態(tài)寫出各種時(shí)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)(以study為例)一

35、般時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在study / studies過去studied將來shall / will studyis/am/are going to study(一 )一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：概念: 表示習(xí)慣、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作結(jié)構(gòu): do、 does標(biāo)志語：usually、often、never、 sometimes、once a week、 twice a month、every year練習(xí)1：用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：1. The twins _(wash) the clothes every day.2. Sometimes he _ (play) basketball over there.3. How

36、 often _ Sally _(sing)?4. Where _ you _ (come) from? - America. 練習(xí)2：寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式。如：sing: sings. 1. read _; bring_; cook _; use _2. miss_; watch _; finish _; fix _; go _; do _; 3. study _; fly _; say _; stay _; 4. have_.Homework練習(xí)1：用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.I usually _ (go) running for half an hour at the wee

37、kend.2. My grandparents _ (like) watching TV very much.3. This _(be) my cat. It _(love) me.4. _ (be) your sister a member of the Reading Club?5. She often _ (finish) her homework at 9:00 in the evening.6. We _ (not have) a Music lesson on Thursday.7. His uncle _ (not get) up early on Saturday.鞏固練習(xí)2：

38、.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.He often flies a kite in the park.(改為否定句)He _ often _ a kite in the park.2.She always misses the early bus in the morning.（改為一般疑問句） _ she always _ the early bus in the morning?3. Her mother usually watches TV in the evening.（提問）_ _ her mother usually _ in the evening?4. Boys like playing comp

39、uter games.(改為否定句)Boys _ _ playing computer games.鞏固練習(xí)3：.根據(jù)中文提示，把下列句子翻譯成英語1. 我們時(shí)常相互通信。2. 他努力工作3. 光比聲音傳播快。4. 如果你嘗試，你會(huì)成功的。（二）一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1）一般過去時(shí)用法：過去時(shí)間發(fā)生的或過去經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成：動(dòng)詞過去式（-ed）v如：do - did; work -worked; study - studied; stop - stopped; get - got. 否定構(gòu)成：didnt+動(dòng)原一般疑問構(gòu)成與簡(jiǎn)答舉例：Did+主語+動(dòng)原+其它？特殊疑問句舉例：What did

40、 he do yesterday? When did he get up this morning?2）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成：have/has+過去分詞(-ed) 如：have/has worked否定構(gòu)成：have/has not+過去分詞一般疑問構(gòu)成： Have/Has+主語+過去分詞?特殊疑問句舉例：What have you done recently? How long has he lived in Beijing?練習(xí)：朗誦下列句子，體會(huì)一般過去時(shí)的用法1. He arrived in Hangzhou an hour ago. 解析：_。2. Their children oft

41、en went hungry in the old days. 解析：_。3. At that time she spoke very good English. 解析：_。4. Did you play volleyball yesterday afternoon?解析：_。5. I saw him today. 解析：_。 6. She has already finished the work.解析：_。7. Have you milked the cow yet? Yes, I have done that already.解析_。8. Ive just lost my science

42、 book. 解析：_。9. She has learnt English for 3 years. 解析：_。10. They have lived here since 1990.解析：_。體會(huì)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)has been to和has gone to的區(qū)別-Where is Tom? -Hes gone to Australia. -Oh! Is it his first time to go there? -No. Hes been there three times already. 譯： 前面是說Tom現(xiàn)在不在,去澳大利亞了,后面是說他以前去過那里三次. 這兩句中的has gone和

43、has been是不能換的.(三 ).現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與過去進(jìn)行時(shí)1）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)概念: 表示現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作結(jié)構(gòu): 主語+be (am, is, are)+現(xiàn)在分詞(v.+ing)練習(xí)1寫出下列動(dòng)詞的-ing形式。如do - doing . bewrite swimseemakebeginhavedieputcomeliesitleavestopget體會(huì)朗誦下列句子，體會(huì)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法1. Listen! Mary is singing an English song in the classroom. 2. They are planting trees on the hill these

44、days.3. My brother is always leaving things about.備注現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)往往與always連用，給現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作披上一層感情色彩。2）過去進(jìn)行時(shí)概念: 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示在過去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。結(jié)構(gòu)：was /were + V-ing。體會(huì)朗誦下列句子，體會(huì)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法1. What were you doing when I phoned you last night? 解析表示_的動(dòng)作。2. They were building a dam last winter. 解析：表示_的動(dòng)作。備注過去進(jìn)行時(shí)常與表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用，如：

45、last night, last Saturday等；或者與when, while, as引導(dǎo)的過去時(shí)間狀語連用。鞏固練習(xí)用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw) a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now. 4.What is our granddaughter doing?She _(listen ) to music.5. My father _ (make) a model plane when I

46、 came back. 6. My family _ (watch) a TV play at eight last night. (四) 1. 一般將來時(shí)與過去將來時(shí)1) 一般將來時(shí)概念: 一般將來時(shí)表示將來某一時(shí)刻的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，或?qū)砟骋欢螘r(shí)間經(jīng)常的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。結(jié)構(gòu)：一般將來時(shí)由助動(dòng)詞shall（第一人稱），will（第二、三人稱）動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成。美國英語則不管什么人稱，一律用will。常常和表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用。如：tomorrow（明天）， next week（下周）， from now on（從現(xiàn)在開始）；in the future（將來）等。體會(huì)朗誦下列句子，體會(huì)一般將來時(shí)的用法1

47、. I will / shall go to visit him next week. 下周我將去拜訪他。2. What time shall we go there tomorrow? 明天我們幾點(diǎn)去那兒? 3. Im going to go to the park. 我將要去公園。4. There is going to be a football match this afternoon.今天下午將有一場(chǎng)足球賽。備注1用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來時(shí)1. Uncle Wang is coming. 王叔叔就要來了。2. Theyre leaving for Beijing. 他們即將前往。備注2用

48、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來時(shí)1. The new term starts (begins) on August 29th. 新學(xué)期八月二十九日開學(xué)。2. If it doesnt rain tomorrow, we will go out for a picnic. 如果明天不下雨，我們將出去野餐。2）過去將來時(shí)概念：表示以過去的某時(shí)來看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),常用在賓語從句中.構(gòu)成：主語+would/should+動(dòng)詞原形主語+was/were+going to +動(dòng)詞原形 .體會(huì)朗誦下列句子，體會(huì)過去將來時(shí)的用法1. I didnt know if she would come.2. I wa

49、snt sure whether he would do it .3. I didnt know if she was going to come.4. Wang Lei said that she was going to visit her uncle next Sunday.（五）過去完成時(shí)概念: 表示過去的過去。結(jié)構(gòu): had done體會(huì)朗誦下列句子，體會(huì)一般過去時(shí)的用法1.By the end of last year we had built five new houses.2.I had learned 5000 words before I entered the unive

50、rsity.3. Before he slept, he had worked for 12 hours. 4. She said (that) she had never been to Paris.5. When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.6.He said that he had learned some English before.7.By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.8.Tom was disappointed

51、 that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party. 備注1表示意向的動(dòng)詞，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用過去完成時(shí)表示原本，未能1. We had hoped that you would come, but you didnt.備注2兩個(gè)動(dòng)作相繼發(fā)生，可用一般過去時(shí)；如第一個(gè)動(dòng)作需要若干時(shí)間完成，用過去完成時(shí)。1. When I heard the news, I was very excited.備注3敘述歷史事實(shí)，可不用過去完成時(shí)，而只用一

52、般過去時(shí)。1.Our teacher told us that Columbus discovered America in 1492.鞏固練習(xí)翻譯下列句子1.當(dāng)我們到達(dá)那里時(shí)，足球比賽已經(jīng)開始了。(get, match, begin)2.到上個(gè)月月底為止，琳達(dá)已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了十首英語歌曲。(by the end of, Linda, learn, song)3. 在我們到達(dá)車站之前，火車已經(jīng)啟動(dòng)了。(before, train, start)4. 在我來這里之前，我在一家醫(yī)院工作了三年。(come, work, hospital, year)句子類型2一簡(jiǎn)單句You should study ha

53、rd. 主 + 謂I m a student. 主+ 系 + 表I wrote a letter last night 主 + 謂 + 賓My father bought me a new bike last week 主+謂 + 間接賓語 + 直接賓語We call her Alice 主 + 謂 + 賓 + 賓補(bǔ)二并列句This is me and these are my friends. They must stay in water, or they will die. Its not cheap, but it is very good. It was late, so I wen

54、t to bed.三復(fù)合句（從句）1.名詞性從句（主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句）What he said is important.He said that he didnt like her. That is what he wants to buy.Mother made a promise that she would buy me a new coat.2.定語從句The boy who is standing in the front of the classroom is our monitor.A plane is a machine that can fly3.狀語

55、從句When spring came, leaves turn green.If it snows tomorrow, we will build a snowman.Exercises 判斷句型:(簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句、復(fù)合句)1.Having finished his homework, the boy went on to help his mother.2. What he says doesnt suit what he does. 3. We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.4. The boy who offered me

56、 his seat is called Tom.5. There is a chair in this room, isnt there?6. He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.7. He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child.8. My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening.9. Neither has he changed h

57、is mind, nor will he do so.10. What he said at the meeting is very important, isnt it?11. The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree.12. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music.教學(xué)反思：Period 5 閱讀策略閱讀能力的提高是中學(xué)階段英語教學(xué)和學(xué)習(xí)的主要目標(biāo)之一,閱讀理解是學(xué)好語言必不可少的基本技能,是掌握語言知識(shí)、提高語言應(yīng)用能力和自學(xué)能力、獲取信息 的基礎(chǔ)。我國頒布的中學(xué)英語教學(xué)大綱明確強(qiáng)調(diào)了英語閱讀的

58、重要性,指出中學(xué)英語教學(xué)應(yīng)進(jìn)一步鞏固基礎(chǔ)知識(shí),發(fā)展聽、說、讀、寫的基本技能,側(cè)重培 養(yǎng)閱讀能力,為學(xué)生繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)、運(yùn)用英語打好基礎(chǔ)。閱讀能力是一種語言的綜合運(yùn)用能力。它主要表現(xiàn)在閱讀速度和閱讀理解準(zhǔn)確性兩個(gè)方面。一個(gè)人閱讀能力的高低決定了他能否快速高效地吸收有用信息。閱讀能力的獲得至少與兩方面的因素有關(guān)：語言能力和閱讀技巧。語言能力是指擁有一定詞匯量、一定文化背景常識(shí)和一些基礎(chǔ)語法知識(shí)。閱讀技巧包括猜詞能力、推理能力、尋找中心句的能力和合理用眼的技巧等。因此我們應(yīng)指導(dǎo)學(xué)生掌握閱讀的一些技巧和策略：1.查閱（scanning）查閱的目的是為了快速查找某一特定信息。閱讀課文時(shí)，對(duì)具體數(shù)字、日期、人名

59、和地名等是訓(xùn)練“查閱”技巧的最佳時(shí)機(jī)。特別是當(dāng)回答有關(guān)who,what,when,where,why等文章細(xì)節(jié)問題時(shí)，用此方法可以提高閱讀速度和理解的準(zhǔn)確性。在查閱的過程中，應(yīng)該注意明確所查的對(duì)象；查閱前應(yīng)清楚此信息可能以哪種形式出現(xiàn)。比如：人名和地名應(yīng)注意第一個(gè)字母大寫的詞，書名找斜體字，日期找數(shù)字，定義類型信息則找thatis或其他引出解釋的標(biāo)志語。另外，與所查閱容無關(guān)的信息，尤其是個(gè)別生詞要很快略過，以免影響閱讀速度。I had the meanest (最刻薄的) mother in the whole world. While other kids ate candy for bre

60、akfast, I had to have porridge But at least I wasnt alone when I was sad. My sister and two brothers had the same mean mother as I did. 1. How many children does the writers mother have? A. Four.B. Two.C. Three.D. Six.解析：題干的特殊疑問詞是how many，文章沒有直接點(diǎn)明有幾個(gè)孩子，但是鎖定文章第一段的最后一句My sister and two brothers had th