不定冠詞（a,an）和定冠詞（the）的區(qū)別

1、 一、課前練習(xí)1）寫(xiě)出下列表語(yǔ)形容詞的漢語(yǔ)意思afraid（）alike（）alive（）alone（）asleep（）awake（）ill（）2）填空 1. She is _ of dog. (擔(dān)心的) 2. I am _ early in the morning. (醒著的) 3. My mother fell _ (生病的) and she _(看起來(lái)) tired. 4. He is _（孤單的）, because his father and mother went abroad(出國(guó)).5. This fish is still _(活著的).7. Mum is _(睡著的), w

2、hen I get home.8. These two coats are _ (一樣的) to me, I dont like them at all.3) 英譯漢1. It is difficult to understand this question.2. It is dangerous to play with a snake.3. It is wonderful to go shopping with my mother.4. It is pleasant to have a walk in the evening.5. It is impossible to meet him a

3、t this time tomorrow.二、不定冠詞詳解1）概念：冠詞是用于名詞前用以說(shuō)明該名詞含義的虛詞（在現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)中冠詞被稱(chēng)為限制定詞）。傳統(tǒng)語(yǔ)法通常將冠詞分為不定冠詞和定冠詞兩類(lèi)。不定冠詞有a和an兩種形式，其中a用于輔音音素前，an用于元音音素前。2）不定冠詞的基本用法（1）不定冠詞有a和an兩種：a用于輔音音素開(kāi)頭的詞前，an用于元音音素開(kāi)頭的詞前。例如：a boy, a city, a girl, a useful animal , an old man, an honest boy, a bad apple, a tall elephant,a university(雖然u 是

4、元音字母，但不讀元音),an hour 一個(gè)小時(shí) (雖然h 不是元音，但單詞讀音是元音開(kāi)頭)（2）用來(lái)表示“”的意思，但不強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)的觀念，只說(shuō)明名詞為不特定者。即不具體說(shuō)明是何人何物。例如：A teacher is looking for you.We work five days a week.（3）不定冠詞含有“”的意思，但數(shù)量觀念沒(méi)有one強(qiáng)烈，在句子里一般可以不必譯出，但若有“一個(gè)”的意思則譯出，例如： An orange is good for you. 桔子對(duì)你有好處。 How much is it ? 多少錢(qián)？Two yuan a kilo. 二元一公斤。（4）一般用在可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)

5、前，指人或事物的某一種類(lèi)。例如：Bill is a student.He is a doctor.（5）用在某些固定詞組中。例如：a lot of, a moment ago, a few, a little (6) 練一練：1. There is _ “h” in the word“honest”.A. a    B. the    C. /   D. an2.What _ terrible life people in the small island lived at that time!A. an

6、  B./   C. a   D. the3Father often says to me, “Be _ honest boy today and _ useful man tomorrow. ”A. a; a  B. an; an    C. a; an   D. an; a4.Qingdao is _ most beautiful city in summer.A. the  B. /  C. a   

7、 D. one5.So you are running _ restaurant?Yes，but I dont want to make it _ restaurant only for rich people.A. the; /  B. the; the C. a; the D. a; a6.Have you seen _ pen? I left it here this morning.Is it _ black one? I think I saw it some where.A. a; the B.the; the C. a;

8、 a   D. the; a7. Oh，John. What _ you gave us!A. a pleasant surprise   B. pleasant surpriseC. an pleasant surprise   D. the pleasant surprise8. John is _ university student.A. /   B. any     C. a    D. an9.Id like _

9、information about the management of your hotel，please.Well，you could have _ word with the manager. He might be helpful.A. some; a   B. an; some  C. some; some  D. an; a10.If you dont like the red coat，take the blue one.OK, but do you have _ size in blue? This one is a bit ti

10、ght for me.A. a big  B. a bigger   C. the big  D. the bigger三、定冠詞詳解1) 概念：the用來(lái)表示特定的人或事物。the 的用法最廣，不管是可數(shù)還是不可數(shù)，不管是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，都可以用the. 具體用法如下： （1）特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。例如：The book on the desk is mine. 桌上的書(shū)是我的。Show me the photo of the boy, please. 請(qǐng)把這個(gè)男孩的照片遞給我。（2）指雙方都知道的人或事物

11、。例如：Open the door, please. 請(qǐng)開(kāi)門(mén)。Did you see the boy? 你看見(jiàn)那個(gè)男孩了嗎？Whats the new teachers name? 新老師的名字叫什么？（3）指上文提到的人或事物。例如：He lives on a farm. The farm is not big.他住在農(nóng)場(chǎng)，這農(nóng)場(chǎng)不大。There are some dogs. The dogs are very lovely.這兒有一些狗。這些狗很可愛(ài)。（4）用在世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物前。例如：The sun is bigger than the moon.太陽(yáng)比月亮大些。但這些名詞作為描繪性

12、定語(yǔ)時(shí)，可用不定冠詞。例如：Look! A red sun is rising. 瞧！一輪紅日正在升起。（5）用在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級(jí)前。例如：The first island is the biggest of the three.第一個(gè)小島是三個(gè)中最大的。（6）用在用普通名詞構(gòu)成的黨派，國(guó)家等專(zhuān)有名詞以及江河、海洋、山脈、群島、海峽、海灣等專(zhuān)有名詞前。例如：They will visit the Great Wall next week.他們下個(gè)星期將會(huì)參觀長(zhǎng)城。They came to the United States of America last year.他們?nèi)ツ昃蛠?lái)美國(guó)了。（7

13、）用在形容詞前表示一類(lèi)人，the +形容詞指的是一群人，是一種復(fù)數(shù)含義，所以其后動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如：The old are sick. 老人病了。（8）用在復(fù)數(shù)形式前表示一家人。例如：The Smiths have moved to London.史密斯一家搬去倫敦了。（9）用在某些習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)中。例如：in the morning 在早上 on the left左邊the day before yesterday前天 all the same 仍然2）練一練1. _ doctor told him to take_ medicine three times _ day2.There is _

14、 woman overthere _ woman is Merimees mother3. _ sun rises in_ east4. _ Changjiang River is_ longest river in _ China5.It's too hotOpen_ door，please6.Washington is _ capitalof _ USA四、總結(jié)與作業(yè)1.單項(xiàng)選擇。1) He often has _ egg and some milk for breakfast.A. / B. a C. the D. an2)-Whats the trouble with Ling

15、ling?-She doesnt go to_ school and stay in _bed now.A. a; / B. the; the C. /; / D. /; a 3)-Do you have _ dictionary? -No, but Lucy has _ new dictionary on the bookshelf.A. a; the B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a 4) _ earth is round.A. A B. An C. The D. / 5) There is _ “L” in the word “LUCK”.A. a B. the

16、 C. an D. / 6) I hope you have _ happy day today. A. a B. an C. the D. / 7) _ Whites are having dinner together.A. A B. The C. An D. / 8) There is _ orange and some pineapples in the basket.A. the B. / C. a D. an 9) Lisa has _ hat. _ hat is very beautiful.A. a; A B. an; A C. a; The D. an; / 10)Im watching_ movie. It is about_ interesting love