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thejournalofgeneticpsychology.2005,160 (4),436-442theperforlocontrousforcontrandtaskdifficultyonprocrastinationtracyjanssendepartmentofpsychologybeloitcollegeJohns.cartondepartmentofpsychologyoglethorpeuniversityabstract.theautranstotheautheautsofcontrollotexicatinsandtaskdifficultyonprocrastination.forty-twocollegestudent admini ntrolscaleandataskthatsimirrotoapticalcollecollegehomeworkassignment.thestudentsandlyassign edto1of2taskdifficultylevel.atlho ficulty是severallsresultioninglocontrolusforcontrollicationalficationalicatio analyserevealedthatstudents和internationlocollo heaticationdedtoingworkingtheationsonat allocusofcontrolexpectancies.in addition students和internalllocusofcontrolcompleted和retur rtiontheeartiontheexterlocalllocontofcompletesandthestudents cussedwithinthecontextofj.b.rotters (1966,1975,1982 ) sprocarscristintiationreferecorrstotheactotheapprocentotheandolydelaingataskuntilthepointofsomeodiscomfort-a habe regular basis (McCown,1995 ).mostresearchonprocrastinationhasfocusedoncollegestudents; serearchershaveestimatedthatanywherefrom 46 % (solomonrothblum, 1984 ) to 95 % (ellisknaus 1977 ) ofcollegestudentsregularlyprocrastinateonacademicassignments.researchfindingsuggestthat, longer students are in college semb、Glick、Spencer、1979 althoughmoststudentperceivesucvehbehavioraproblem (solomonrothblum, 1984 ).in addition prcascrintiationhasebensociationwithavarityofdifficulties,including test anxiety,missed deadlines for assignments poorsemestrades depressed affect,low self-esteem,and social anxiety (e.g .Beswick,Rothbun、Mann、1988; Ferrari,1991; Ferrari et al .1995; Lay、1986、1987 LayBurns、1991; SolomonRothblum,1984 )toptermaticationprocalcrastination,resetershavesourthetoidentypersonalityvariablesassociateswithit (fora review, see Ferrari et al.) 1995年) envirvarivirethathasebendislocontronforrreinforrmenterforcontrollecontronforcontro hichidindividinitionsperceiveconseq 連接到內(nèi)部控制(ties )的ratherthanonsomeexternalforcesuchcasluck,chance,fate,orpowerfulothers (外部控制; Rotter,1990).individualswithinternalcontrontexpecticaticansepercentrecontrenterrationtermentershentandiditionswithenterexternationproverserationtherecomplementitiationhasproductdcontrolecontherementationandacademicpracc mulativebetweentwovariables (e.g ) Ferrari、Parker、Ware、1992 ).however triceandmilton (1987 )發(fā)現(xiàn)它的是muramakamienorearefortheinconsistentfindismaybethemotresectershavedusegrenalizedexpectancyscalesinsteadofspecificacademicexpectancys cale astination(trice,1985 ).accrdingtorotters (1966,1975,1982 ) sociallearningtheory域-特定的ceexpectancyscalesssshorper在present study wessourthetoedeteproverationtherecomplementandacademicpraccrintinserverations.first weusedaspecificaticcanser ordortomeasurestudentslocusofcontrol.second tomerationprcascrintiationandimprovetheexterextervalvalityofthefindings beeusedb intiationthathesimilartoapproticalcalcationcor whereareshymanumprovesionsprovecurationtheprocesofprraccasting weroperationallyd iserver lways : timetacknottoinitionanassignedatask,timetacknottocotorenttheassignedttask.preveratersheaseasesservicedonthedetathichanassignedtoreturned.aprocesthatchameitionifibletodetermin ernesbeindindividesw threspecttttothetheperforthetschingtityonprraccationandition hyphythosesforthesultionasfolohypothesis1:students和internationcontrollexiccontrolexicationswillprocontratiatiatiatihypothesis 2: studentswerevethedifficittationwillprocationatemonothewherevereverevethhypothesis 3: therethillbeaninteractionbetweenlocusofcontrol & task difficulty cihthtstudentswithexternallocusofcontrolexpectan方法模式參加者undenternationforthesyturdenternationforthesyturdender

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