北京市大興區(qū)2023-2024學年高三上學期期末考試英語試題

大興區(qū)2023~2024學年度第一學期期末檢測高三英語2024.01考生須知1．本試卷共10頁，滿分100分?？荚嚂r間90分鐘。2．在試卷和答題卡上準確填寫學校名稱、班級、姓名和準考證號。3．試題答案一律填涂或書寫在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。4．在答題卡上，選擇題用2B鉛筆作答，其他題用黑色字跡簽字筆作答。第一部分知識運用（共兩節(jié),30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分,共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AWithatwo-year-oldbehindmeandfliersinmyhand,Iknockedonanotherdoorinmyneighborhood.Ihadvolunteeredtospreadthe1aboutsomechangesatthelocalprimaryschool,soIwasexcitedtoseea2withababyinherarmandapreschoolertightlywrappedaroundherleg.Withinseconds,IrealizedIneededto3myrustySpanishtoconnectwiththismom.Thatinitialconversationexplainedthelonely,desperatelookinhereyes.Iwrotemyphonenumberontheflierandtoldherto4ifsheeverwantedtowalktotheparkwiththekids.Ihadn’t5muchaboutMariauntilamonthlaterwhenshecalled.Manywalksaroundtheneighborhoodlater,I6moredetailsaboutherlifethatofferedmesomeviewpointsaboutmyown.OnedayIsatatMaria’skitchentableandsharedsomeofmyownfamily’s7.Hereyesgotbig,saying“IthoughtIwastheonlyonewithproblems.”Ithoughtmystresswas8,butfromherviewpoint,mylifeseemedtobeaprettypackagefromtheoutside.By9thedetailsofmylife,Iwasabletogiveherthesamegiftofviewpointsshehadbeengivingme.Friendshipcanbediscoveredinunexpectedplaces,aslongaswefindcommongroundwiththosewho10mightseemdifferent.1.A.cost B.word C.classroom D.workload2.A.babysitter B.friend C.mother D.schoolmate3.A.speakof B.pullout C.dealwith D.giveup4.A.leave B.visit C.watch D.call5.A.thought B.doubted C.promised D.complained6.A.predicted B.learned C.repeated D.assessed7.A.progress B.efforts C.research D.struggles8.A,emotional B.low C.obvious D.false9.A.checking B.recording C.sharing D.refreshing10.A.initially B.easily C.quietly D.consequently第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。ATechnologyhasbecomeanintegralpartofourlives,anditsimpactoneducationcannot11(ignore).Whilesomepeoplemaybeskepticalabouttheroleoftechnologyineducation,thereisnodenyingthatithasbroughtaboutseveralpositivechanges.Oneofthemostsignificantadvantagesoftechnologyineducationistheability12(personalize)learning.Withthehelpoftechnology,educatorscantailortheirteachingmethodstotheneedsandlearningstylesofindividualstudents.Forexample,onlinelearningplatformscanprovidestudentswithpersonalizedlearningpathsbasedontheirprogressand13(perform).BSusanaVazquez-Torresisafourth-yeargraduatestudentattheUniversityofWashingtonwhowantstosomedayinventnewdrugs14neglecteddiseases.Lately,she15(think)alotaboutsnakebites:Aroundahundredthousandpeopledieeachyearfromsnakebites,accordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization—andyet,shesays,“thecurrenttherapeuticsarenotsafeandareveryexpensive.”Partoftheproblemis16developingnewdrugsforthingslikesnakebiteshasbeenaslowandlaboriousprocess.Inthepast,itmighthavetakenyearstocomeupwithapromisingcompound.CPicoIsland,thesecondlargestofthevolcano-bornAzores,isoneofthemosthard-wonwineregionsintheworld.Bythe19thcentury,Pico’swineindustrywasatitspeak,17(produce)threenativewhitegrapevarietals:arintodosAzores,verdelhoandterrantezdoPico.Butitwasn’tlongbeforediseaseanddesertification18(destroy)mostoftheisland’svineyards,nearlyputtinganendtoitswineproduction.ButsomeofPico’swinemakersregrouped,centeringtheiroperationsaroundthevillageofCriacaoVelha,19high-qualitygrapescouldstillbegrown.20onlyaround10percentofPico’soriginalvineyardshavebeenrestored(恢復),theappellationoforiginhasearnedsomeofthecountry’stopwinehonors.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ATikTokhasmanyclevertipsandtrickstomakelifealittleeasier.Fromcreativeadvicetopracticalskills,thereissomethingforeveryoneonthevideosharingApp.Manyofthesemethodshaveleftviewersopen-mouthedattheirsimplicityorscratchingtheirheadsasLowhytheyhadn’tthoughtofthemfirst.Buttosaveyousomeboringscrolling(滾屏),wehavemadealistofthebestTikToklifetipsin2021.Readytobeimpressed?ChoponionsChoppingonionsisanemotionalexperienceor,atleast,itlooksit.Thevegetablecanmakeustearup,andsaltyliquidflowingdownyourcheeksisneverastylishlook.However,awomancreatedamakeshiftprotectivegearoutofahoodedsweatshirt(連帽運動衫)andapancover.Nextstep,NewYorkFashionWeek.CleancarheadlightsItisvitalthatyourcarsheadlightsstayingoodworkingordersoastokeepyousafe.Ifyoursarefoggedup,justusealemonandsomebakingsoda.Manynetizenshaveclaimedthatthismethodcansavethemsomeseriouscash.BatheyourdogIfyourdoghateshavingabath,whynottrypeanutbutter?Whilethisonemayseemridiculous,oneTikTokvideohasshownitiseffective.Intheclipthepetcanbeseenlickingitoffthesideofthetub,astheownercleanshisfur.“Idon’tevenknowIamhavingabath.AllIknowispeanutbutter,”thecaption(字幕)reads.21.WhatcanweinferfromthefirstTikToklifetip?A.Choppingonionscanmakeyouupset.B.YoucanfindtheprotectivegearinNewYork.C.Themakeshiftprotectivegeariscreative.D.It’sstylishtohavetearsflowingdownyourcheeks.22.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Thetipsandtrickssoundeasybutaredifficulttoapply.B.Youcanusealemonandsomebakingsodatobatheyourdog.C.Cleaningcarheadlightswithalemonandsomebakingsodaiseconomical.D.Theauthorfindsbathingadogwiththehelpofpeanutbutterridiculous.23.What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage?A.ToanalyzethereasonswhypeoplelikeTikTok.B.TosharesomeclevertipsandtricksfoundonTikTok.C.TocomeupwithsomepracticalsuggestionsonTikTok.D.TocallonpeopletosharemoretipsandtricksonTikTok.BAboutadozenwomenhavegatheredastheirinstructorguidesthemthroughthemoves.“Backstroke!”JeanBaileydirectsfromherchair,raisingherarmshigh,asthewomenofElkRidgequicklybeginarmrotations.Everyoneputsintopeffort.Bailey,whois102,hasbeenteachingthemfourtimesaweekinthehallwayofthesecondfloorforaboutthreeyears.“WhenIgetold,I’llquit,”saidBailey.Someofherregularshavearthritis(關節(jié)炎)thatlimitstheirmovements,buttheycandothestretchingexercisescomfortablyandbenefitfromthem,saidBailey,whoherselfoftenusesawalker.“Afterattendingtheclass,we’vegottenprettycloseupthereonourfloor.Oneofuswoulddosomethingforanybody.Wereallykeeptrackofeachother,”PhyllisBlack,87,said.ShelivesdownthehallfromBailey;ifsheskipsthem,shefeelsstiff.“She’saveryniceneighbor,andshe’sagoodfriendalso.She’sverytalented.”Whenherchildrenwereyoung,Baileybecameaflorist(花匠)—apracticeshestillenjoysasahobby.Shebuysartificialflowersandmakesbouquets(花束)fortheclubhouseandsomeresidents.LauraStuartcallsherthe“queenbee”.“Shebringsherexpertiseinfloralarrangementsandisalwaysdoingbeautifularrangements,”Stuartsaid.“Shebringsthattous,andit’sjustablessingthatshe,sstillherewithustoevendosuchacomplextypeoffloralarrangement.”AtElkRidge,residentscanparticipateinfitnessactivitieslikeawalkingclub,taichiandworkingoutinafitnessroom.ButBailey’sladiesseemtopreferherclassbecauseofherwarmandfunpersonality,andthegentlenessofthestretchesforpeoplewhohavemobilitychallenges,saysSeanTran,operationsdirectoratElkRidge.“Morethananything,hergeneraloutlookonlife…isjustremarkable,”hesaidaboutBailey.“She’sthenicest,mostthoughtful,caringpersonthatIprobablyevermet.Nothingisgoingtostopher,”Transaid.“She’sgoingtokeepgoing,nomatterwhat.Andotherslookatherandthink:‘Ifshecandothisat102,Icandothisatmyage,whateveritis.’”24.Whatscenedoesthefirstparagraphdescribe?A.Agamepractice. B.Adancingsession.C.Aswimmingtraining. D.Afitnessclass.25.WhatisimpliedinPhyllis’swordsaboutthelearners?A.Theyhavedeepenedthewomen’sfriendship.B.Somewomenoftenskiptheexerciseclasses.C.Oldwomenaregiftedinexercise.D.Someattendeesfeelstiffaftertheclasses.26.WhatdoesLaurathinkofBailey?A.Shehasahobbyofgrowingflowers.B.Sheisexpertatarrangingflowers.C.Sheisagoodflorist.D.Shesellsman-madeflowerstoothers.27.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Baileyorganizesvariousactivities,B.Baileymakesherattendeesstretchgently.C.Baileyinspiresotherpeopletoexercise.D.Baileyremarksonthelifeofothers.CSupermarketshavelongbeensufferingasoneofthethinnest-marginedbusinessesinexistenceandoneoftheleast-looked-forward-toplacestoworkorvisit.Formorethanadecade,theyhavebeenunderattackfrome-commercegiants,blamedformakingAmericansfat,andaccusedofcontributingtoclimatechange.Supermarketscantechnicallybedefinedasgiantshousing15,000to60,000differentproducts.Therevolutionaryideaofaself-servicegrocery,wherepeoplecouldhuntandgatherfoodfromaislesratherthanaskingaclerktofetchitemsfrombehindacounter,firstcameaboutinAmerica.Thereissomedebateaboutwhichwastheveryfirst,butovertheyearsaconsensushasbuiltaroundKingKullenSupermarket,foundedinNewYorkin1930.Forsome300years,Americanshadfedthemselvesfromsmallstoresandpublicmarkets.Shoppingforfoodinvolvedmud,noisychickens,cloudsofflies,nastysmells,bargaining,andgettingshort-changed.ThesupermarketimitatedtheFordistfactory,withitsemphasisonefficiencyandstandardization,andreimagineditasaplacetobuyfood.Supermarketsmaynotfeelcutting-edgenow,buttheywerearevolutionindistributionatthetime.Theyweresuchstrangemarvelsthat,onherfirstofficialstatevisittotheUnitedStatesin1957,QueenElizabethⅡinsistedonanimpromptu(即興的)tourofasuburban-MarylandGiantFood.Thetypicalsupermarketlayouthasbarelychangedoverthepast90years.Moststoresopenwithflowers,fruitandvegetablesatthefrontasabreathoffreshnesstoarouseourappetite.Meanwhile,theykeepthemilk,eggs,andotherdailybasicsallthewaybacksoyou’lltravelthroughasmuchofthestoreaspossible,andbetemptedalongtheway.Intheearlydays,asthesupermarketmultiplied,sodidoursuspicionofit.Wehavelongfearedthatthis“revolutionindistribution”usescorporateblackmagiconourappetite.ThebookTheHiddenPersuaders,publishedin1957,warnedthatsupermarketswereputtingwomenina“hypnoidaltrance(催眠恍惚狀態(tài)),”causingthemtowanderaisles,bumpingintoboxesand“pickingthingsoffshelvesatrandom.”28.Whatproblemhavesupermarketsbeenfacing?A.Theyareactuallyonthewaytoshutdown.B.Theyhavebeenlosingcustomersandprofits.C.Theyareforcedtousee-commercestrategies.D.Theyhavedifficultyadaptingtoclimatechange.29.Whatdoesthepassagesayabouttheideaofaself-servicegrocery?A.ItwasputforwardbyKingKullen.B.ItoriginatedintheUnitedStates.C.Ithasbeenunderconstantdebate.D.Itprovesrevolutionaryeventoday.30.Whathavepeoplelongfearedaboutsupermarkets?A.Theyusetrickystrategiestopromotetheirbusiness.B.Theyaregoingtoreplacethelocalgroceriesentirely.C.Theyapplycorporateblackmagictothegoodsondisplay.D.Theytakeadvantageoftheweaknessesofwomenshoppers.DWeoftenthinkaboutrelationshipsonascalefrompositivetonegative.Wearedrawntolovingfamilymembers,caringclassmatesandsupportivementors.Wedoourbesttoavoidthecrueluncle,theplaygroundbullyandthejerkboss.Butthemosttoxicrelationshipsaren’tthepurelynegativeones.They’retheonesthatareamixofpositiveandnegative.Weoftencallthemfrenemies,supposedfriendswhosometimeshelpyouandsometimeshurtyou.Butifsnotjustfriends.It’sthein-lawswhovolunteertowatchyourkidsbutbelittleyourparenting.Themanagerwhopraisesyourworkbutdeniesyouapromotion.Everyoneknowshowrelationshipslikethatcantieyourstomachintoaknot.ButgroundbreakingresearchledbythepsychologistsBertUchinoandJulianneHolt-Lunstadshowsthatambivalent(矛盾情緒的)relationshipscanbedamagingtoyourhealth—evenmorethanpurelynegativerelationships.Ihadassumedthatwithaneighbororacolleague,havingsomepositiveinteractionswasbetterthanallnegativeinteractions.Butbeingcheeredonbythesamepersonwhocutsyoudowndoesn’treducethebadfeelings;itincreasesthem.Andit’snotjustinyourhead:Itleavesatraceinyourheartandyourblood.Evenasingleambivalentinteractioncancauseharm.Inoneexperiment,peoplegaveimpromptuspeechesoncontroversialtopicsinfrontofafriendwhoofferedfeedback.Theresearchershadrandomlyassignedthefriendtogiveambivalentornegativecomments.Receivingmixedfeedbackcausedhigherbloodpressurethanpurecriticism.“Iwouldhavegoneaboutthetopicdifferently,butyou’redoingfine”provedtobemoredistressingthan“Itotallydisagreewitheverythingyou’vesaid.”Theevidencethatambivalentrelationshipscanbebadforusisstrong,butthereasonscanbehardertoread—justliketherelationshipsthemselves.Themostintuitivereasonisthatambivalentrelationshipsareunpredictable.Withaclearenemy,youputupashieldwhenyoucrosspaths.Withafrenemy,youneverknowwhetherDr.JekyllorMr.Hydeisgoingtoshowup.Feelingunsurecandisruptthebody’scalmingsystemandactivateafight-or-flightresponse.It’sunsettlingtohopeforahugwhilealsopreparingforalikelyquarrel.Anotherfactoristhatunpleasantinteractionsaremorepainfulinanambivalentrelationship.It’smoreupsettingtobeletdownbypeopleyoulikesometimesthanbypeopleyoudislikeallthetime.Whensomeonestabsyouintheback,itstingsmoreifhe’sbeenfriendlytoyourface.31.Whichofthefollowingcanbecountedasafrenemy?A.Yourneighbour’skidwhoadvisesyoutostudyhardbutidlesawayhisowntime.B.Yourclassmatewhoadmiresyourdiligenceatfirst,butdoubtsyourintelligencelater.C.Yourmother’sfriendwhoencouragesyoutospendmoretimeonhomeworkbutlessonsmartphones.D.Yourfather’scolleaguewhoproposesyoutodoamoderateamountofhomeworkwhileensuringadequatesleep.32.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Ambivalentrelationshipshaveapermanenteffectonyourwell-being.B.Thecommoncauseforhighbloodpressureisambivalentrelationship.C.Ambivalentinteractionswillbemorepainfulifitisdoneconsciously.D.Thenegativeimpactofambivalentinteractionsisdirectandstrong.33.Theunderlinedword“belittle”inparagraph2probablymeans______.A.devalue B.appreciate C.respect D.abuse34.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.SomeNegativeRelationshipsAreBadforYourHealthB.YourMostAmbivalentRelationshipsAretheMostToxicC.TheReasonsforAmbivalentRelationshipsAreUnpredictableD.SomePositiveRelationshipsAreBetterthanAllNegativeOnes第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Customerservicereferstothewaythatcompaniesbehavetowardstheircustomers.35However,manyatimeorganizationsdon’tfocusoncustomerrelationshipmanagement,andthat’swhatmakescustomersangry,whichisoneofthereasonswhycompanieslosetheircustomers.36Firstofall,youneedtorealizethegreatvalueofthecustomers.It’stheywhoaretheboss,andit,sbecauseofthemthatyougetyourpaychecks.Sodotakeyourcustomersseriously.37Youneedtoaskthecustomerstherightkindofquestionsandthinkofthepossiblesolutionswhichyoucanprovide.Understandhowtheyfeelaccordingtoaparticularsituation,theirbodylanguage,toneofvoiceandwordstheyspeak.Nevermakeassumptionsandthinkthatyouknowwhatthecustomerswant.Makingcustomersfeeltheyareimportantisanexcellentwaytoservethembetter.38Thebestwaytodothatisusingtheirfirstnameandfindingwaysofpraisingtheminasincereway.Inaddition,therearesomeotherskillswhichwillhelpyouinservingyourcustomersbetter.Forexample,onceyoufinishsolvingtheproblemforthecustomers,beforeendingthecall,alwaysremembertoaskifthereisanythingelseyoucandoforthem.Endthecallwitha“thankyou”.Ifthecustomersareangry,letthemexpresstheirangercompletely.39Oncethey’vefinishedspeaking,trytocalmthemdownbyapologizing.Inaword,alwaysrememberthatifthecustomersremainhappy,you’llbeinbusiness.A.Treatcustomersasindividuals.B.Neverinterruptorstartspeakinguntilthey’vefinished.C.Youcanbringinasmanynewcustomersasyouwant.D.Socustomerserviceisimportantandyoushouldknowhowtoimproveit.E.Findingouttheneedsofthecustomersisanotherimportantcustomerservicetip.F.Morecompaniesarefindingthattheircustomerserviceshouldnotbelimitedtostores.G.It’sthequalityofservicethatdetermineswhetherthecustomerremainswiththecompany.第三部分書面表達（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié)（共4小題；第40、41小題各2分，第42小題3分,第43小題5分,共12分）閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。Millionsofpeopleovertheageof65havebeendiagnosedwithdepression,andmanymorecouldbesuffering.Therearevariedfactors.Olderpeoplearemuchmorelikelytobealone,sociallyisolatedorfeelagenerallackofpurpose.Sometimesolderpeoplehaveamuchmoredifficulttimeadmittingmentalhealthissues.Earlymemorylossoftencausesdepression,whichcaninturnmakememorylossworse.Apatientw