2022pets4備考閱讀文章

本文格式為Word版，下載可任意編輯——2022pets4備考閱讀文章公共英語(yǔ)四級(jí)的考試難度相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)不是很大，但是考生想要拿到對(duì)比合意的勞績(jī)就需要下苦心了。下面，我我送上一篇2022pets4備考閱讀文章，供大家參考。

英文原文

Perhapsthemoststrikingqualityofsatiricliteratureisitsfreshness,itsoriginalityofperspective.Satirerarelyoffersoriginalideas.Instead,itpresentsthefamiliarinanewform.Satiristsdonotoffertheworldnewphilosophies.Whattheydoistolookatfamiliarconditionsfromaperspectivethatmakestheseconditionsseemfoolish,harmful,oraffected.Satirejarsusoutofcomplacenceintoapleasantlyshockedrealizationthatmanyofthevaluesweunquestioninglyacceptarefalse.DonQuixotederidesthestupidityofknightsBraveNewWorldridiculesthepretensionsofscience;AModestProposaldramatizesstarvationbyadvocatingcannibalism.Noneoftheseideasisoriginal.ChivalrywassuspectbeforeCervantes,humanistsobjectedtotheclaimsofpuresciencebeforeAldousHuxley,andpeoplewereawareoffaminebeforeSwift.Itwasnottheoriginalityoftheideathatmadethesesatirespopular.Itwasthemannerofexpression,thesatiricmethodthatmadetheminterestingandentertaining.Satiresarereadbecausetheyareaestheticallysatisfyingworksofart,notbecausetheyaremorallywholesomeorethicallyinstructive.Theyarestimulatingandrefreshingbecausewithcommonsensebrisknesstheybrushawayillusionsandsecondhandopinions.Withspontaneousirreverence,satirerearrangesperspectives,scramblesfamiliarobjectsintoincongruousjuxtaposition,andspeaksinapersonalidiominsteadofabstractplatitude.

Satireexistsbecausethereisneedforit.Ithaslivedbecausereadersappreciatearefreshingstimulus,anirreverentreminderthattheyliveinaworldofplatitudinousthinking,cheapmoralizing,andfoolishphilosophy.Satireservestoprodpeopleintoanawarenessoftruth,thoughrarelytoanyactiononbehalfoftruth.Satiretendstoremindpeoplethatmuchofwhattheysee,hear,andreadinpopularmediaissanctimonious,sentimental,andonlypartiallytrue.Liferesemblesinonlyaslightdegreethepopularimageofit.Soldiersrarelyholdtheidealsthatmoviesattributetothem,nordoordinarycitizensdevotetheirlivestounselfishserviceofhumanity.Intelligentpeopleknowthesethingsbuttendtoforgetthemwhentheydonothearthemexpressed.

中文翻譯

或許譏諷文學(xué)最顯著的特點(diǎn)是其視角的別致性和獨(dú)特性。譏諷作品很少有創(chuàng)造性的思想。相反，它用一種新的形式把人們熟諳的東西呈現(xiàn)出來(lái)。譏諷作家沒(méi)有為世界付出新的哲學(xué)。他們所做的就是采取這樣一種立場(chǎng)來(lái)對(duì)付熟諳的環(huán)境，使得它們看上去愚蠢、有害或者造作。譏諷作品使我們擯棄了自滿心緒，并高興地感嘆道大量我們毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)地采納的價(jià)值觀是錯(cuò)誤的。《堂吉訶德》使騎士看起來(lái)愚蠢可笑;《奇異的新世界》嘲弄了科學(xué)的自命非凡;《溫柔的建議》戲劇性地提倡同類相食來(lái)殲滅饑餓。全體這些觀點(diǎn)都不是創(chuàng)造性的。在塞萬(wàn)提斯以前騎士制度就受到了質(zhì)疑，在阿爾道斯赫胥黎以前的人文主義者就反對(duì)純科學(xué)的看法，而且在斯威夫特以前就熟悉了饑荒。并不是獨(dú)創(chuàng)性的斟酌使這些譏諷作品變得流行，而是表達(dá)的方式、譏諷的方法手段使它們變得好玩和引人入勝。人們讀譏諷作品是由于在美感上它們是令人合意的藝術(shù)作品，而不是由于道德的完備和倫理的說(shuō)教。它們有啟發(fā)性、使人耳目一新是由于它們用簡(jiǎn)明的常識(shí)洗刷去了幻覺(jué)和舊的觀點(diǎn)。譏諷作品用自然的嘲諷態(tài)度重新設(shè)置了觀點(diǎn)，將熟諳的事物自相沖突地置在一起。譏諷文學(xué)用自己的語(yǔ)言，而不是采用抽象的陳詞濫調(diào)來(lái)表達(dá)。

譏諷作品的存在是由于有需求。它的存在是由于讀者賞識(shí)使人耳目一新的刺激，毫不客氣地指點(diǎn)他們活在一個(gè)思相陳腐、道德低廉、哲學(xué)荒誕的世界里。譏諷作品有助于促進(jìn)人