2023年中石油職稱英語(yǔ)真題及答案

2023年中石油職稱英語(yǔ)真題試卷23VocabularyDirections:Thereare20incompletesentencesinthispart.Foreachsentencethereare4choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentenceandmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.TheChinesenationhas significantlytotheprogressofhumancivilization.related b.contributed c.owned d.attachedThebees outoftheirhive.flocked b.swarmed c.packed d.crowdedThe schoolcannotgivemuchpracticaltraininginliving,becausemostofthestudents”timeisspentinclasses,studyinglessons.normal b.ordinary c.regular monlyHeshowedmehowtoturnonthelightsand theair-conditioner.adjust b.adopt c.treat d.remedyIwasexhaustedwhenIreachedhome,andIflungmyselfdownonthefrontstepsto .discover b.recover c.dissolve d.retreatTraveland werechangedwhenthesteamshipwasinvented.transportation b.tradition c.transmission d.transformationMr.Smithfinallylosthis andfouledLincolnbygrindinghisfootwithabootheel.mind b.temper c.mood d.passionAntsdon”tcarrycalendarsaroundwiththem,buttheyshowamazingaccuracythedayoftheyear.incase b.suchas c.sothat d.astoSchlesinger”s taskwastomeldallheadquarters,field,andstaffprogramsintoaunifieddepartment.initial b.initiative c.initiate d.initiationallwehavelearnedfromspaceflights,themoonisstillariddlefromthedistantpast.a.Insteadof b.Inspiteof c.Insearchof d.BecauseofThefirststepisto yourproblemandgotoworkonit.a.recognize b.revenge c.recollect d.receiveI intothedark,surethatIwouldfinallyreachthehospital.a.workout b.setout c.makeout d.putoutSmokingalso theheartandbloodvessels.a.inclines b.affects c.effects d.surplusIbelieveinthe worthoftheindividualandinhisrighttolife,liberty,andthepursuitofhappiness.a.superior b.surplus c.supreme d.suppressByNovember1973oilsupplieswerecriticallylow,creatingthemostshortagesofenergysinceWorldWarII.a.rigid b.acute c.dense d.urgentThereisonesuggestionthatthefootstepsofcrowdswalkingthestreetsinmajorcitiescouldenergy.a.assemble b.gather c.generate d.yieldIamunableto whatheissaying.a.concentrateon b.concentratein c.finishwith d.finishoffAmerica”searly wereattractedbythefertilelandandvariedclimatesitofferedforfarming.a.settlers b.inherents c.residents d.lodgersTheU.S.,generallyacknowledgedtobeastep Britainonbiofuel,hasanestimated600stationsthatofferE85(afuelmadeof85percentbioethanol).a.inexcessof b.inadvance c.aheadof d.infrontofYourspeechclasswillmakeyournervousnessworkforyou againstyou.a.otherthan b.ratherthan c.morethan d.lessthanGrammaticalStructureDirections:Thereare20incompletesentencesinthispart.Foreachsentencethereare4choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentenceandmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.Myhusband”sarmgothurt theirontower.a.whilewewereclimbingup b.whileheisclimbingupc.whileheclimbedup d.whileweclimbedupYou mebecauseIdidn”tsaythat.a.musthavemisunderstood b.hadtomisunderstandc.mustmisunderstand d.mustbemisunderstandingTheworld”ssuppliesofpetroleum .a.aregraduallyexhausted b.arebeinggraduallyexhaustedc.havebeengraduallybeingexhausted d.havegraduallyexhaustedThepolice therecordsofallthoseinvolvedinthecrime.a.lookinginto b.beinglookedinto c.islookinginto d.arelookingintoThemodern longpencilcandrawaline35milesinlength.a.7-inched b.7-inch c.7-inchs d.7-inchesWeregret rming b.toinform c.havinginformed d.haveinformedNotuntilthegamehadbegan atthesportsground.a.hadhearrived b.hehavearrived c.heshouldarrive d.didhearrivedThemedicalrecordshowsthatitwasthedrag,notthedisease, killedhimseveralyearsago.a.that b.which c.theeffectsofit d.theeffectsofwhichSoundtravels air.throughwaterfasterandwhereitisfasterthroughwaterthanthroughfasterthanthroughwaterthanthroughfasterthanthroughwaterandLiquidwaterchangestovapor, iscalledevap.a.which b.what c.that d.itIfI you,Iwouldgotolookforhim.a.was b.were c.wouldbe d.amIhopealltheprecautionsagainstairpollution, suggestedbythelocalgovernment,willbeseriouslyconsideredhere.a.while b.since c.as d.afterAllflights becauseofthesnowstorm,manypassengerscoulddonothingbuttakethetrain.a.hadbeencanceled b.havebeencanceled c.werecanceled d.havingbeencanceledWhat”sthematter?Ismellsomething .a.burn b.burns c.burning d.beingburnedIt”sverynice youtohelpme.a.for b.in c.like d.ofMygrandfatherhasdecidedtomakemegobacktocollegeimmediately,studymylessonscarefully,and .a.attainmymaster”sdegree b.amaster”sdegreemustbeattainedc.mustattainmymaster”sdegree d.tomymaster”sdegreeIhavetoattainThehabitof regularhoursisofextremeimportancetosuccessfullearning.a.keep b.keeping c.tokeep d.keptbringsustogetheris wehavecommoninterestwhichtranscendthosedifferences.a.That,that b.That, what c.What,what d.What,thatinthisway,thesituationdoesn”tseemsodisappointing.a.Lookedat b.Tolookat c.Lookingat d.TobelookedatIdecidedtogototheconcertassoonasI .a.finishwhatIdid b.finishedwhatIwasdoingc.wouldfinishwhatIwasdoing d.finishedwhatIdidReadingComprehensionDirections:Thereare5passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedby4questionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemthereare4choicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.Questions41to44arebasedonthefollowingpassage:WashingtonD.C.wasthefirstcityinhistorytobecreatedsolelyforthepurposeofgovernance.FollowingtheRevolution,membersofCongresshadhotlydebatedthequestionofapermanenthomeforthemselvesandfordepartments,suchastheTreasury,thePatentOffice,andsoon,whicheventhesketchiestofcentralgovernmentwouldfeelobligedtoestablish.In1790,largelyinordertoputanendtocongressionalbickering,GeorgeWashingtonwaschargedwithselectingasiteforthenewlydesignatedfederaldistrict.Notmuchtoanyone”ssurprisebuttothedisappointmentofmany,hechoseatractoflandonthebanksofthePotomacRiver,afewmilesupstreamfromhisbelovedplantation,MountVernon.TheDistrictofColumbiawastakeninpartfromVirginiaandinpartfromMaryland.Atthetimeitwaslaidout,itshundredsquaremilesconsistedofgentlyrollinghills,someundercultivationandtherestheavilywooded,withanumberofcreeksandmuchswampylandalongthePotomac.ThereisnowasectionofWashingtonthatiscommonlyreferredtoasFoggyBottom;thatsectionborethesamenicknameahundredandeightyyearsago.Twoportcities,AlexandriaandGeorgetown,flourishedwithinsightofthenewcapitalandgaveitaccessbyshiptothemostimportantcitiesoftheinfantnation--Harleston,Baltimore,Philadelphia,NewYork,Newport,Salem,andPortsmouth--andalsotothefar-offportsofEnglandandtheContinent.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?TheroleofGeorgeWashingtonintheAmericanRevolutionThefirstyearsoftheUnitedStatesCongressThegoverningofthefederaldistrictThefoundingofWashington,D.C.In1790alargepartofthefederaldistrictwas .a.seashore b.villagesquares c.wilderness d.aflourishingportItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheitem“FoggyBottom“inthesecondparagraphreferstoasectionofWashington,D.C.that .hasthelowestpopulationinthedistrictusedtobethesiteofthenationalweatherstationusedtobemostlyswamplandliesatthebottomofMountVernonWhichofthefollowingconclusionsaboutthefederaldistrictissupportedbythepassage?GeorgeWashington”schoicepleasedalmosteveryone.MountVernonwasnotchosenbecauseitwastooclosetotheriver.Congresswasunabletoagreeonalocation.Congressdidnotbelievethatahomeforthefederalgovernmentwasnecessary.Questions45to48arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Thereareseveralwaysoflisteningthatnetusnothingbuttrouble,accordingtoDr.RalphNicholsoftheUniversityofMinnesota.Ifwerecognizeandtrytoconquerthem,wecanstepupourlisteningabilitybyabouttwenty-fivepercentandtherebygreatlyincreaseourchancesforsuccessinourdailylives.Unlessyouareveryunusualindeed,saysDr.Nichols,youmustpleadguiltytoseveralofthefollowingbadlisteninghabits:DaydreamListening:Youcanthinkaboutfourtimesasfastastheaveragepersonspeaks.Soyouhavequiteabitofsparethinkingtimewhilewaitingforthewordstocomein.Unconsciously,youusethistime,ifyouareapoorlistener,toletyourthoughtsdriftelsewhere.Forinstance,yourteacherisgivingyousomebackgroundmaterialonAmericanhistory.Yourmindiswithhimatfirst.Thenotherthoughtsdriftintothatsparethinkingspace.Withoutwarning,theyhavetakenoveryourmindentirely..Imustn”tforgettogodowntownafterschoolforMother.Ifonlymybikewasfixed!MaybeIcangetJoetocomeoverSaturdayandhelpme..Yourthoughtsdrifton.Suddenly,withajolt,youhearthesewords:“Nowwe”llhavealittletestonwhatIhavebeenexplaining.“Ouch!Sowhattodotokeepdaydreamsfromfilteringin?Onewayistoputthatextrathinkingtimetowork—onthesubject.Sumupwhatthespeakerissaying;lookformajorpoints.Pretendyouaregoingtohavetorepeathisideas.Puthiswordsintoyourwords.Itisn”teasy.Ittakeseffortandtimetolearn.Buttheresultsaresuretosurpriseandpleaseyou.“That”s-What-You-Think“Listening: Youhaveyourownpetideasoncertainsubjects.Youdon”tliketohearanythingwhichmightmakeyouquestionthem.Sowhenanyonebeginsarguingontheotherside,yousimplystoplistening.Insteadyouplanwhatyouaregoingtoanswer.Anyonewhorefusestoooftentolistentotheothersideofaquestionrisksbecomingnarrow-minded—anexasperatingandunattractivetraitintheotherfellow.Isitanymorebecomingtoyou?Nothanks,yousay,anddecidetoheartheotherfellowout.Maybeheisright.Maybeyouare.Butyoucangivehimabetterargumentonyourviewpointifyouhearwhathesays.Half-An-EarListening:Oftenothersoundscompeteforyourattention—andwin.Yourfathergivesyoualistoferrands.Buthisvoicemustcompetewith,say,yourfavoritesongontheradio.Later,youfindthathalfanearwasn”tenough.Youdidn”tlistentoyourfather”swordscloselyenoughtohearandrememberthem.Youhavetotelephonehomeforarepeatperformance.Andyoucan”treallyblameyourfatherforbeingirritated.Bettertoturnofftheradio,shutthedooroncompetingnoises,ifpossible.Ifnot,guardagainstyourtendencytolistentodistractingsounds.Sotherearetheforces—somewithinourselves,someoutside—thatworkagainstusinoureffortstolisten.Butoncewelearnwhattheyareandhowtofightthem,wearewellonourwaytogettingridofwastefullisteninghabits.Fromthispiecewelearnthat .thereisadifferencebetweenheatingandlisteninglisteningrequireslittleskilldeafnessismuchmorecommonthanmostpeoplesupposeitiseasiertolistenalonethaninagroupPoorlisteningcanbeattributedto .faultswithinourselvesbadhabitsdistractingoutsideinfluencesalloftheaboveBecausethoughtisfasterthanspeech .weknowwhatthespeakerwillsaywehavetimetoformulateargumentsweshouldavoidlettingourmindswanderaimlesslyaheaditisbesttohaveaspeakerwhotalksveryfastListeningisoftendifficultwhen .thespeakerarguesagainstyourpetideasthespeaker”svoiceispooryoudonotwatchthespeakertheroomispoorlyventilatedQuestions49to52arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Antarcticaisaverylargeareaoftheearth”ssurface,but—untilrecentyears—wastheleaststudied.Moreknowledgeofitisimportantforallmankind.Antarcticaseemsavastbasinofrock,filledandoverflowingwithaloadofice.Inallthisbarrennessandcold,whatisthereofvalue?First,Antarcticaisboundtohavemineralresourcescomparabletothoseofothergreatcontinents.Coal—muchofitofpoorquality—hasbeenfoundatmanypointsalongthe2,000milemountainsystemknownastheGreatAntarcticaHorst.Awriterhasfoundasmalldepositofmanganeseoreandrockspecimensfleckedwithuraniumorstainedgreenbycopper.Thesefindsareimportantonlyasindicationsthatfurtherexplorationwouldbeworthwhile,andsuchasystematicefforthasbegununderSCAR(theSpecialCommitteeonAntarcticResearch).ThisgroupisanoutgrowthoftheInternationalGeophysicalYear(I.G.Y.);butitsprogramhasbroadenedfromgeophysicstoincludemappingandbiology.Thereareotherpossibleeconomicvalues.SeveralintercontinentalairrouteslieacrossportionsofAntarctica.StrangeantibioticshavebeenfoundinthedriftingplantsoftheAntarcticseas;theRussiansarereportedtobecarryinginliveherringtobedumpedoverboardinanattemptatsea“farming.“ButfortheimmediatefuturethegreatvalueofAntarcticamaylieinotherlinesofresearch—fromthecommoncoldtoproblemsofouterspace.TheformerisunderscrutinyatabiologicallaboratoryatMcMurdoSound,wherecluestocertainvirusesarebeingsoughtinthestudyofepidemicsamongtheutterlyisolatedmembersofscientificparties.Astospaceresearch,thereisnoplaceonearthbettersuitedthantheSouthPoleforcertainkindsofobservation.Hereisafirmlyfixedpoint,incontrasttothedriftingfloesthatcovertheNorthPole;fromitalldirectionsarenorth,andduringthesixmonthsofdarknessthestarscirclearoundapointdirectlyoverhead.TheUnitedStatesestablishedanobservatorytherein1957fortheI.G.Y.andhasmaintainediteversince.Nowitisanidealspacetrackingstation.Anyvehicleonamissioninthesouthernhalfoftheheavensremainscontinuously“visible“toanantennaatthepole.Suchastationisalsoabletoplayauniqueroleininterrogatingearthsatellitesinorbitoverbothpoles.Suchsatellites—maintainingtheirsteadysweepsastheearthrevolvesbeneaththem—coverallpartsoftheglobeandhenceareidealforweatherobservation,communicationsandothertasks.TheSouthPolewouldbethecheckpointoneachcircuit,snatchingthedatafromspace,processingthemincomputerswithinsecondsandrelayingthemtotherestoftheworld.Onallthesecounts,thescientistsjustifytheirvoyagestoAntarcticaandthevastsumsneeded.Butessentiallytheirargumentisasimpleone.Thegreatcontinenttothesouthisstilllargelyunknown.Inthequestforfundamentalknowledge,whichistheheartandsoulsoallscience,itcannotbeignored.AlaboratoryatMcMurdoSoundismakingastudyof .thecommoncoldplantlifeintheAntarcticman”sadaptabilitytoextremecoldsealifeAntarctic”smineralresourcesarebestdescribedas .oflowqualityuncertainbutpotentiallyimportantvitaltoworldenergyneedsnon-existentAsaspotradarantennaemightbeeffective,Antarcticisimportantbecause .thereisplentyoffueltomaketheelectricityneededtooperateradarinthecold,clearair,metalwouldnotrustascanningstationattheSouthPolecouldcoverthewholesouthernhemispherethecold,clearairwouldhelpradarseeclearlyToascientistthemainreasonforexploringtheAntarcticis .thefactthatweknowlittleaboutitthefactthatithasmanyunusualfeaturesthebenefitstomankindtheopportunitytostudytheweatherQuestions53to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage:RyersonMachineToolGuaranteeThisguaranteecoversallRyersonindustrialtools.DatesofCoverage:AllRyersonindustrialtoolsareguaranteedfor5yearsfromthedateofreceiptatthecustomer”sfactoryorindustrialfacility.TypeofCoverage:Thisguaranteecoversallmajortoolfailuresclearlyattributabletotooldesignorconstruction,andnotordinarywearandtear.Thiscoveragealsodoesnotordinarilyencounteredinindustrialprocesses.CoverageCancellation:Thisguaranteeplanwillbecanceledinthecaseoffraudormisrepresentationbythecustomer.Thenotificationofcancellationwillbesenttothecustomer”se-mailprovidedatthetimeofpurchase.CoverageAlteration:Thiscoveragemaybealteredinthefutureasnewproductlinesareintroduced,orupgradesareintroducedtoexistingproductlines.Noticeofanyalterationwillbesubmittedtoallcustomersbye-mail.CoverageadjustmentNotice:RyersonMachineToolGuaranteeThissupplementarynoticeisforallcustomerswhohavepurchasedRyersonmachinetoolswithinthelasttwoyears.Adjustment:Recently,ourfirmhasdecidedtoendsalesoftheCV210precisioncuttingtoolinuseinmanyofourcustomer”sfactories.Guaranteesforthesetoolswillend90daysfromthedateofthisnotice.Discounts:CustomersdesiringtoupgradetoournewCV211precisiontoolasareplacementfortheCV210areeligiblefor15%discountsforaperiodof90daysfromthedateofthisnotice.CustomersContinuingwithCV210:CustomerscanelecttoremainwiththeCV210,butwillhavetooperatethetoolwithoutcoveragefromRyerson.Forwhomisbothinformationandnoticeintended?PotentialcustomersSuppliersofindustrialtoolsManufacturesofelectroniccomponentsPurchasersofindustrialdevicesWhichkindofcoverageisNOTprovided?Useofthemachinetoolsinconjunctionwithcompetitorproducts.Failureduetodesignspecificationsofthemanufacture.Useofthetoolsinextraordinaryproductionenvironments.Failuretonotifythemanufactureofaflawwithin90days.Whatisoneofthereasonsforissuingthesupplementarynotice?Ryersonisofferingnewerversionsofanexistingmodel.Newcustomersmayadvanceorderanewproductonline.RyersonhasdecidedtoendsalesoftheCV211precisioncuttingtool.Allcustomerswillreceive15%discountsforacertainperiod.WhatwillhappentousersoftheCV210inthefuture?TheymaynothaveaccesstoRyersontechnicalandindustrialinformation.Theywillnotbeabletousethetoolbecauseofitsfrequentfailures.Theymaynotreceiveinformationaboutfurtherupgrades.Theymaycontinuetohaveitservicedforpayments.Questions57to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Idon”tknowhowIbecameawriter,butIthinkitwasofacertainforceinmethatIhadtowrite.Andthatforcefinallyburstthroughandfoundachannel.Mypeoplewereoftheworkingclass.Myfather,astone-cutter,wasamanwithagreatrespectforliterature.Hehadatremendousmemory,andhelovedpoetry.Thepoetrythathelovedbestwasnaturallyoftherhetoricalkind.Neverthelessitwasgoodpoetry--Hamlet”ssoliloquy,Macbeth,MarkAntony”s“FuneralOration“,Grey”s“Elegy“,andalltherestofit.Ihearditallasachild;Imemorizedandlearneditall.Hesentmetothestateuniversity.Thedesiretowrite,whichhadbeenstrongduringallmydaysinhighschool,grewstrongerstill.Iwaseditorofthecollegepaper,thecollegemagazine,etc.,andinmylastyearortwoIwasamemberofacourseinplaywritingwhichhadjustbeenestablished.Iwroteseverallittleoneactplays,stillthinkingIwouldbecomealawyerofanewspaperman,neverdaringtobelieveIcouldseriouslybecomeawriter.ThenIwenttoHarvard,wrotesomemoreplays,startingtothinkthatIhadtobeaplaywright.AfterleavingHarvard,Ihadmyplaysrejected.Andfinallyintheautumnof1926,Ihadamomentofliteraryinspirationthatdrovemeforwardtodedicatemylifetowriting.ButIhaveneverexactlybeenabletodetermineallthesequestionslikehow,why,orinwhatmanner.Probablytheforceinmethathadtowriteatlastsoughtoutitschannel.IbegantowritemyfirstbookinLondon.Iwaslivingallaloneatthattime.Ihadtworooms--abedroomandasittingroominalittlesquareinChelseainwhichallthehouseshadthatfamiliar,smokedbrickandcream-yellow-plasterlook.Wemayconclude,inregardtotheauthor”sdevelopmentasawriter,father .opposedhisbecomingawritermadeanimportantcontributioninsistedthathechoosewritingasacareerinsistedthathereadHamletinordertolearnhowtobeawriterTheauthorbelievesthathebecameawritermostlybecauseof .hisspecialtalenthisstudyatHarvardahiddenurgewithinhimhisfather”steachingandencouragementTheauthor .wenttoHarvardtolearntowriteplaysworkedasanewspapermanbeforebecomingawriterbegantothinkofbecomingawriteratHarvardhadalwaysbeensuccessfulinhiswritingcareerTheauthorreallystartedonhiswaytobecomeawriter .whenhelivedinLondonafterheenteredcollegewhenhewasinhighschoolwhenhewasstudyingatHarvardSectionBDirections:Thereare10blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.Ineverycultivatedlanguagetherearetwogreatclassesofwordswhich,takentogether,comprisethewholevocabulary.First,therearethosewords61whichwebecomeacquaintedindailyconversation,whichwelearn,thatistosay,fromthe62ofourownfamilyandfromourfamiliarassociates,andwhichweshouldknowanduse63wecouldnotreadorwrite.Theyconcernthecommonthingsoflife,andarethestock-in-trade(慣用言辭)ofallwho64thelanguage.Suchwordsmaybecalled“popular“,sincetheybelongtothepeople65andarenottheexclusivepossessionofalimitedclass.Ontheotherhand,ourlanguageincludesamultitudeofwordswhicharecomparatively66usedinordinaryconversation.Theirmeaningsareknowntoeveryeducatedperson,butthereislittle67tousethemathomeorinthemarket-place.Ourfirstacquaintancewiththemcomesnotfromoutmother”slipsorfromthetalkofourschool-mates,68frombooksthatweread,lecturesthatwehear,orthemoreformalconversationofhighlyeducatedspeakerswhoarediscussingsomeparticular69 inastyleappropriatelyelevatedabovethehabituallevelofeverydaylife.Suchwordsarecalled“l(fā)earned“,andthe70betweenthemandthe“popular“wordsisofgreatimportancetoarightunderstandingoflinguisticprocess.a.at b.through c.with d.bya.relatives b.members c.mates d.fellowsa.inspiteof b.even c.despite d.evenifa.say b.practice c.apply d.speaka.inpublic b.atmost c.atbest d.atlargea.frequently b.seldom c.irregularly d.mucha.occasion spect c.way d.reasona.besides b.but c.and d.ora.theme blem c.topic parison b.contrast c.distinction d.similarityTranslationDirections:Therearesomepassagesinthispartofthetest.YouaretotranslatethepassagesintoChineseonyourAnswerSheet.A級(jí)Chinaisabouttoadoptits11thfive-yearplan,settingthestageforthecontinuationofprobablythemostremarkableeconomictransformationinrecentyears,whileimprovingthewell-beingofalmostaquarteroftheworld”spopulation.1／4許是近些年最為可觀的經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型的持續(xù)進(jìn)展所做的預(yù)備。WhilemuchoftherestofthedevelopingworldhasbeendirectedatacommonquestforhigherGDP,Chinahasonceagainmadeclearthatitseekssustainableincreasesinthepeople”shappiness.人民幸福指數(shù)的持續(xù)提高才是其追求的目標(biāo)。Chinarealizesthatithasenteredaphaseofeconomi