數(shù)學(xué)專業(yè)英語常用詞匯

1、數(shù)學(xué)專業(yè)英語詞匯4.啟美分數(shù)和小數(shù)properfraction真分數(shù)？代數(shù)部分improperfraction假分數(shù)？mixednumber帶分數(shù)？vulgarfraction,commorfraction普通分1.有關(guān)數(shù)*算數(shù)？simplefraction簡分數(shù)？add,plus力口？complexfraction繁分數(shù)？subtract減？numerator分子？difference差？denominator分母？multiply,times乘？(least)commondenominator(最小)公分product積？母？divide除？quarter四分之一？divisible可被整

2、除的？decimalfraction純小數(shù)？dividedevenly被整除？infinitedecimal無窮小數(shù)dividend被除數(shù)，紅利？recurringdecimal循環(huán)小數(shù)？divisor因子，除數(shù)？quotient商？tenthsunit十分位？remainder余數(shù)？factorial階乘？5.基本數(shù)學(xué)概念power?arithmeticmean算術(shù)平均值？radicalsign,rootsign根號？weightedaverage力口權(quán)平均值？roundto四舍五入？geometricmean幾何平均數(shù)?tothenearest四舍五入exponent指數(shù),幕？base乘幕

3、的底數(shù)，底邊？2.有關(guān)集合cube立方數(shù)，立力體？squareroot平力根?union并集？cuberoot立方根?propersubset真子集？commonlogarithm常用對數(shù)?solutionset解集？digit數(shù)字？constant常數(shù)？3.有關(guān)代數(shù)式、方程和不等式variable變量？inversefunction反函數(shù)?algebraicterm代數(shù)項？complementaryfunction余函數(shù)?liketerms,similarterms同類項？linear一次的，線性的？numericalcoefficient數(shù)字系數(shù)？factorization因式分解？lit

4、eralcoefficient字母系數(shù)？absolutevalue絕對值，e.g.|-32|=32?inequality不等式？triangleinequality二角不等式？roundoff四舍五入？range值域？originalequation原方程？6.啟美數(shù)論equivalentequation同解方程，等價方程？naturalnumber自然數(shù)?linearequation線性方程(e.g.positivenumber正數(shù)？5?x?+6=22)?negativenumber負數(shù)？oddinteger,oddnumber奇數(shù)？eveninteger,evennumber偶數(shù)？inte

5、ger,wholenumber整數(shù)？positivewholenumber正整數(shù)？negativewholenumber負整數(shù)？consecutivenumber連續(xù)整數(shù)？realnumber,rationalnumber實數(shù),有理數(shù)？irrational(number)無理數(shù)？inverse倒數(shù)？compositenumber合數(shù)e.g.4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15？primenumber質(zhì)數(shù)e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15注意：所有的質(zhì)數(shù)(2除外)都是奇數(shù)，但奇數(shù)不一定是質(zhì)數(shù)reciprocal倒數(shù)？commondivisor公約數(shù)？multiple倍數(shù)？(least)c

6、ommonmultiple(最小)公倍數(shù)？(prime)factor(質(zhì))因子？commonfactor公因子？ordinaryscale,decimalscale十進制？nonnegative非負的？tens十位？units個位？mode眾數(shù)？median中數(shù)？commonratio公比？7.數(shù)列arithmeticprogression(sequence)等差數(shù)列？geometricprogression(sequence)等比數(shù)列？approximate近似？(anti)clockwise(逆)順時針方向？cardinal基數(shù)？ordinal序數(shù)？directproportion正比？d

7、istinct不同的？estimation估計，近似？parentheses括號？proportion比例？permutation排歹!J?combination組合？table表格？trigonometricfunction三角函數(shù)'unit單位,位？幾何部分1 .所有的角alternateangle內(nèi)錯角？correspondingangle同位角？verticalangle對頂角？centralangle圓心角？interiorangle內(nèi)角？exteriorangle外角？supplementaryangles補角？complementaryangle余角？adjacentan

8、gle令口角？acuteangle銳角？obtuseangle4屯角？rightangle直角？roundangle周角？straightangle平角？includedangle夾角？2 .所有的三角形equilateraltriangle等邊三角形'scalenetriangle不等邊三角形？isoscelestriangle等腰三角形？righttriangle直角三角形？oblique斜三角形？inscribedtriangle內(nèi)接三角形？3 .有關(guān)收斂的平面圖形，除三角形外semicircle半圓？concentriccircles同心圓？quadrilateral四邊形？p

9、entagon五邊形？hexagon六邊形？heptagon七邊形？octagon八邊形？nonagon九邊形？decagon十邊形？polygon多邊形？parallelogram平行四邊形？faceofasolid立體的面？equilateral等邊形？hypotenuse斜邊？plane平而？includedside夾邊？square正方形，平力?leg三角形的直角邊？rectangle長方形？medianofatriangle三角形的中線？regularpolygon正多邊形?base底邊，底數(shù)（e.g.2的5次力，2就是rhombus#?底數(shù)）？trapezoid梯形?opposit

10、e直角三角形中的對邊？midpoint中點？4.其它平向圖形endpoint端點?vertex（復(fù)數(shù)形式vertices）頂點？arc?。縯angent切線的？line,straightline直線？transversal截線?linesegment線段？parallellines平行線？intercept截距？segmentofacircle弧形?7.啟美坐標5.啟美立體圖形coordinatesystem坐標系?rectangularcoordinate直角坐標系?cube立方體，立方數(shù)？origin原點？rectangularsolid長方體?abscissa橫坐標？regularsol

11、id/regularpolyhedron正多面ordinate縱坐標？體？numberline數(shù)軸？circularcylinder圓柱體?quadrant象限？cone圓錐？slope斜率?sphere球體？solid立體的？6.肩關(guān)圖形上的附屬物complexplane復(fù)平面?8.其它planegeometry平間幾何?altitude高？trigonometry三角學(xué)？depth深度？bisect平分？side邊長？circumscribe外切?circumference,perimeter周長？inscribe內(nèi)切？radian弧度？intersect相交？surfacearea表面積

12、?perpendicular垂直？volume體積？pythagoreantheorem勾股定理?arm直角三角形的股？congruent全等的？crosssectionffi#面?centerofacircle圓心?chord弦？radius半徑？multilateral多邊的？anglebisector角平分線？diagonal對角線？1.單位奧diameter直徑？cent美分？edge棱？penny，美分硬幣？nickel5美分硬幣？dime一角硬幣？dozen打（12個）？score廿（20個）？Centigrade攝氏？Fahrenheit華氏？quart夸脫？gallon力口侖（

13、1gallon=4quart）?yard碼？meter米？micron微米?inch英寸？foot英尺？minute分（角度的度量單位，60分=1度）?squaremeasure平方單位制?cubicmeter立方米？pint品脫（干量或液量的單位）?2.有關(guān)文字敘述題，主要是有關(guān)商業(yè)intercalaryyear（leapyear）閏年（366天）？commonyear平年（365天）？depreciation折舊？downpayment直接付款?discount打折？margin禾潤？profit禾1J潤？interest利息？simpleinterest單利J?compoundedint

14、erest復(fù)利J?dividend紅禾?decreaseto減少至U?decreaseby減少了?increaseto增加到？increaseby增加了？denote表示？listprice標價？markup漲價？percapita每人？ratio比率？retailprice零售價?tie打chapter 1 efunctionnotation方程符號函數(shù)符號quadraticfunctions二次函數(shù)quadraticequations二次方程式二次等工】chapter 2 oEquivalentalgebraicexpressions等價代數(shù)表達式rationalexpression有理式

15、有理表達式horizontalandverticaltranslationoffunctions函數(shù)的水平和垂直的平移reflectionsoffunctions函數(shù)的倒映映chapter 3 reeExponentialfunctions指數(shù)函數(shù)exponentialdecay指數(shù)式衰減exponent指數(shù)propertiesofexponentialfunctions指數(shù)函數(shù)的特性chapter 4 urTrigonometry三角學(xué)Reciprocaltrigonometricratios倒數(shù)三角函數(shù)比Trigonometricfunctions三角函數(shù)Discretefunctions

16、離散函數(shù)數(shù)學(xué)mathematics,maths(BrE),math(AmE)公理axiom定理theorem計算calculation運算operation證明prove假設(shè)hypothesis,hypotheses(pl.)命題proposition算術(shù)arithmetic力口plus(prep.),add(v.),addition(n.)被力口數(shù)augend,summand加數(shù)addend和sum減minus(prep.),subtract".),subtraction(n.)被減數(shù)minuend減數(shù)subtrahend差remainder乘times(prep.),multip

17、ly".),multiplication。)被乘數(shù)multiplicand,faciend乘數(shù)multiplicator積product除dividedby(prep.),divide(v.),division(n.)被除數(shù)dividend除數(shù)divisor商quotient等于equals,isequalto,isequivalentto大于isgreaterthan小于islesserthan大于等于isequalorgreaterthan小于等于isequalorlesserthan運算符operator數(shù)字digit數(shù)number自然數(shù)naturalnumber整數(shù)integ

18、er小數(shù)decimal小數(shù)點decimalpoint分數(shù)fraction分子numerator分母denominator比ratio正positive負negative零null,zero,nought,nil十進制decimalsystem二進制binarysystem十六進制hexadecimalsystem權(quán)weight,significance進位carry截尾truncation四舍五入round下舍入rounddown上舍入roundup有效數(shù)字significantdigit無效數(shù)字insignificantdigit代數(shù)algebra公式formula,formulae(pl.

19、)單項式monomial多項式polynomial,multinomial系數(shù)coefficient未知數(shù)unknown,x-factor,y-factor,z-factor等式，方程式equation一次方程simpleequation二次方程quadraticequation三次方程cubicequation四次方程quarticequation不等式inequation階乘factorial對數(shù)logarithm指數(shù)，幕exponent乘方power二次方，平方square三次方，立方cube四次方thepoweroffour,thefourthpowern次方thepowerofn,t

20、henthpower開方evolution,extraction二次方根，平方根squareroot三次方根，立方根cuberoot四次方根therootoffour,thefourthrootn次方根therootofn,thenthroot集合aggregate元素element空集void子集subset交集intersection并集union補集complement映射mapping函數(shù)function定義域domain,fieldofdefinition值域range常量constant變量variable單調(diào)性monotonicity奇偶性parity周期性periodicity

21、圖象image數(shù)列，級數(shù)series微積分calculus微分differential導(dǎo)數(shù)derivative極限limit無窮大infinite(a.)infinity(n.)無窮小infinitesimal積分integral定積分definiteintegral不定積分indefiniteintegral有理數(shù)rationalnumber無理數(shù)irrationalnumber實數(shù)realnumber虛數(shù)imaginarynumber復(fù)數(shù)complexnumber矩陣matrix行列式determinant幾何geometry點point線line面plane體solid線段segment

22、射線radial平行parallel相交intersect角angle角度degree弧度radian銳角acuteangle直角rightangle專屯角obtuseangle平角straightangle周角perigon底base邊side高height三角形triangle銳角三角形acutetriangle直角三角形righttriangle直角邊leg斜邊hypotenuse勾股定理Pythagoreantheorem專屯角三角形obtusetriangle不等邊三角形scalenetriangle等腰三角形isoscelestriangle等邊三角形equilateraltria

23、ngle四邊形quadrilateral平行四邊形parallelogram矩形rectangle長length寬width菱形rhomb,rhombus,rhombi(pl.),diamond正方形square梯形trapezoid直角梯形righttrapezoid等腰梯形isoscelestrapezoid五邊形pentagon六邊形hexagon七邊形heptagon八邊形octagon九邊形enneagon十邊形decagonH4形hendecagon十二邊形dodecagon多邊形polygon正多邊形equilateralpolygon圓circle圓心centre(BrE),c

24、enter(AmE)半徑radius直徑diameter圓周率pi弧arc半圓semicircle扇形sector環(huán)ring橢圓ellipse圓周circumference周長perimeter面積area軌跡locus,loca(pl.)相似similar全等congruent四面體tetrahedron五面體pentahedron六面體hexahedron平行六面體parallelepiped立方體cube七面體heptahedron八面體octahedron九面體enneahedron十面體decahedronHW體hendecahedron十二面體dodecahedron二十面體icosahedron多面體polyhedron棱錐pyramid棱柱prism棱臺frustumofaprism旋轉(zhuǎn)rotation軸axis圓錐cone圓柱cylinder圓臺frustumofacone球sphere半球hemisphere底面undersurface表面積sur