軟件工程復習題總

1、軟件工程復習題一選擇題1. which of the following is an advantage of implementing applications via the web?a.securityc.reliabilityb.accessibilityd.throughput2. coupling is a qualitative indication of the degree to which a module  a) can be written more compactly.  b) focuses on just one thing.  c)

2、 is able to complete its function in a timely manner.  d) is connected to other modules and the outside world.正確答案: d3.  which of these are characteristics of a good design?  a) exhibits strong coupling between its modules  b) implements all requirements in the analysis model

3、0; c) includes test cases for all components  d) provides a complete picture of the software  e) both b and d正確答案: e4. which of the following are areas of concern in the design model?  a) architecture  b) data  c) interfaces  d) project scope  e) a, b and c 正確答案: e

4、5.polymorphism reduces the effort required to extend an object system by  a) coupling objects together more tightly.  b) enabling a number of different operations to share the same name.  c) making objects more dependent on one another.  d) removing the barriers imposed by encaps

5、ulation 正確答案: b6.which of the following models can be used to represent the architectural design of a piece of software.  a) dynamic models  b) functional models  c) structural models  d) all of the above 正確答案: d7. cohesion is a qualitative indication of the degree to which a mod

6、ule  a) can be written more compactly.  b) focuses on just one thing.  c) is able to complete its function in a timely manner.  d) is connected to other modules and the outside world.正確答案: b8. which of the items listed below is not one of the software engineering layers?a) proces

7、s    b) manufacturing    c) methods      d)tools9. evolutionary software process models     a) are iterative in nature      b) can easily accommodate product requirements changes      c

8、) do not generally produce throwaway systems      d) all of the above10. the importance of software design can be summarized in a single word: (a) accuracy (b) complexity (c) efficiency (d) quality 11. systems _ is the process of describing, organizing, and structuring the compon

9、ents of a system at both the architectural level and a detailed level with a view toward constructing the proposed system.a.designc.implementationb.analysisd.maintenance12. list the four design models required for a complete specification of a design in traditional software engineering method (1) su

10、bsystem design (2) data design (3) task design (4) architecture design (5) interface design (6) component-level design(a) 1234 (b) 2345 (c) 1256 (d) 245613. design patterns can be used by applying in object-oriented systems. (a). inheritance (b). encapsulation (c). complexity (d). polymorphism14 。wh

11、ich design model provides information for a design class diagram?a.deployment diagramc.statechart diagramb.interaction diagramd.package diagram15. a _ model shows what the system is supposed to do in great detail, without committing to any one technology.(a).logical(b).physical(c). vertical(d).horiz

12、ontal16 。developing a(n) _ diagram is a multistep process of determining which objects work together and how they work together.a.design classc.state eractiond.package17. which of the following models can be used to represent the architectural design of a piece of software. (a) dynamic m

13、odels (b) functional models (c) structural models (d) all of the above 18. which of the following is an example of an interaction diagram?a.design class diagramc.package diagramb.data access diagramd.communication diagram19 . process framework activities are populated with . (a). milestones (b). wor

14、k products (c). qa points (d). all of the above 20 . cohesion is a qualitative indication of the degree to which a module (a) can be written more compactly.(b) focuses on just one thing. (c) is able to complete its function in a timely manner.(d) is connected to other modules and the outside world.2

15、1. which diagram(s) is (are) to be built in a system behavior model? (d) (a). use-case (b). er diagram (c). dfd diagram (d). std diagram22. the first step in project planning is to (a) determine software scope (b) select project team leader (c) determine the budget (d) determine the process model 23

16、. white-box testing can use the following methods . (a). boundary value analysis (b). equivalence partitioning (c). loop testing (d). iterative testing 24. the incremental model of software development is(a) a reasonable approach when requirements are well defined. (b) a good approach when a working

17、 core product is required quickly. (c) the best approach to use for projects with large development teams. (d) a revolutionary model that is not used for commercial products.25. what are not the elements that are present in every computer-based system? (a) data (b) software (c) documentation (d) pro

18、ject26. the data dictionary contains descriptions of each software(a) control item (b) data object (c) diagram (d) notation(e) both a and b27. evolutionary software process models . (a). are branched in condition(b). can easily accommodate product requirements changes (c). generally produce throw aw

19、ay systems (d). all of the above 28. a decision table should be used(a). to document all conditional statements(b). to guide the development of the project management plan(c). only when building an expert system(d). when a complex set of conditions and actions appears in a component 29. in the tradi

20、tional approach to system development, the system stores information about _.(a). objects (c). methods(b). data stores (d). data entities30.what model is created during the analysis phase of a software development process? (a) data model (b) linear model (c) sub-model (d)prototyping model.31. projec

21、t _ management involves collecting and explaining all of the key decisions, feasibility analysis, risks, benefits, schedules, and costs to the stakeholders who are funding the project.(a). cost (c). scope(b). schedule (d). communication 32. _ involves the creation of an object based on the template

22、provided by the class definition.a.instantiationc.activationb.encapsulationd.realization33. uml design modeling focuses on the . (a). structural model and behavioral model (b). behavioral model and implementation model (c). user model and environment model (d). e-r model 二對錯題1.when using structured

23、design methodologies the process of stepwise refinement is unnecessary.  a) true  b) false 正確答案: b2 the three generic phases of software engineering are definition, development, and support. 3 software development activities are easy to compartmentalize into four non-overlapping phases. 4

24、project management is less important for modern software development since most projects are successful and completed on time. 5. boundary value analysis can only be used to do white-box testing.6 using a statistical technique like decision tree analysis can provide some assistance in sorting out th

25、e true costs associated with the make-buy decision. 7 the reason for refining risks is to break them into smaller units having different consequences. 8 a task selector value is most appropriately used to determine whether to accept or reject a given task for inclusion in the project task set. 9 peo

26、ple who perform software quality assurance must look at the software from the customer's perspective. 2 10 change control is not necessary if a development group is making use of an automated project database tool. 11 system models are built to allow the system engineer to evaluate the system co

27、mponents in relationship to one another. 12 the use of context free questions by themselves provides an effective means of eliciting requirements information from the customer. 13 the primary purpose of an entity relationship diagram in the data model is to allow normalization of relationship tables

28、. 14 with thorough testing it is possible to remove all defects from a program prior to delivery to the customer. 15 object-oriented designs do not need to be implemented using object-oriented programming techniques. 16. because there are many factors to consider in any design effort, all design sho

29、uld be as complex as possible. ( ) 17. since modularity is an important design goal it is not possible to have too many modules in a proposed design.  a) true  b) false 正確答案: b18. software designs are refactored to allow the creation of software that is easier to integrate, easier to test,

30、 and easier to maintain.  a) true  b) false 正確答案: a19.information hiding makes program maintenance easier by hiding data and procedure from unaffected parts of the program.  a) true  b) false 正確答案: a20. in software quality assurance work there is no difference between software ve

31、rification and software validation.21.  one of the key problems in software reuse is the inability to find existing reusable design patterns when hundreds of candidates exist.  a) true  b) false 正確答案: a22. a module should be open for extension but closed for modification. ( )23. frame

32、works and design patterns are the same thing as far as designers are concerned.  a) true  b) false 正確答案: b24. program flow chart is easier to maintain than pdl for procedural designing.25. project management is less important for modern software development since most projects are successf

33、ul and completed on time. ( ) 26. using the concept of modularity in software design, we should try our best to subdivide software infinitely. ( ) 27. subclasses should be substitutable for base classes. ( ) 28. the focus of validation testing is to uncover places that a user will be able to observe

34、 failure of the software to conform to its requirements. ( ) 29. components should be loosely coupled to one another and to the external environment. 30. improved execution performance is one of the primary benefits of object-orientedarchitectures. 31. all of random order tests are conducted to exer

35、cise different class instance life histories, which are based on the minimum test sequence.32cohesion should be as cohesive as possible，coupling should be as loose as possible.33. responsibilities are attributes and methods relevant to the class.34. business process engineering (bpe) define architec

36、tures that will enable a business to use information effectively. ( ) 35. change control is not necessary if a development group is making use of an automated project database tool. ( ) 36. program flow graphs are identical to program flowcharts. 三.主觀題：please give brief answers to the following ques

37、tions: 1. how do object-oriented design and structured design differ? (10 pts.) 2.list three characteristics that can serve as a guide to evaluate design quality.ans: design implements all explicit requirements from the analysis model, as well as accommodating implicit customer requirements.design m

38、ust be understandable to the people who generate the code to implement design, those who test it, and those who support it.design must provide a complete picture of the software, addressing the data, functional, and behavioral domains from an implementation perspective.3. what are the four important

39、 attributes which all software products should have? suggest four other attributes that may sometimes be significant4.what are the phases of the sdlc?5.what is the difference between a software process model and a software process? suggest two ways in which a software process model might be helpful

40、in identifying possible process improvements5. apart from the challenges of heterogeneity, rapid delivery and trust, identify other problems and challenges that software engineering is likely to face in the 21st century7. please give explanations on why requirements elicitation is so difficult.8. wh

41、at is three-layer design? what are the most common layers found in three-layer design?9. why is three-layer design a good principle?10. what are functional requirements? 11.what is the purpose of a package diagram? what notation is used? show an example12.what is the difference between analysis and

42、design? list the activities of the design phase of the sdlc.13. explain what is wrong with the notion that software engineering is too time consuming and interferes with a programmer's productivity. 14.describe the principle of information hiding as it applies to software design.ans:the principl

43、e of information hiding implies that modules only share information with each other on a "need to know" basis to achieve some specific software function. hiding enforces the procedural constraints to both the module procedural detail and any data structures local to the module.15. what are

44、 the differences between generic software product development and custom software development?16. explain the role of each element of the conventional analysis model: data dictionary, entity relationship diagram, and data flow diagram.17.what are the elements that make up a software architectural st

45、yle?ans:set of components that perform required system functions.set of connectors allowing communications among the components.constraints describing how the components maybe integrated to form a system.semantic models that enable the designer to understand the overall system properties by analyzin

46、g the known properties of its components.18.how is a transaction center different from a transform center in a data flow diagram?19.list the four design models required for a complete specification of a software design and the role of each.ans:data design - high level model depicting users view of t

47、he data or information.architecture design shows relationships and collaborations among specific analysis model software and hardware elementsinterface design  - interface depicts a set of operations that describe the externally observable behavior of a class and provides access to its operatio

48、nscomponent-level design - describes the internal detail of each software component20.what is the primary objective of systems design?21. how is a transaction center different from a transform center in a data flow diagram?ans:transaction centers convert an external information flow into one of many

49、 action paths inside the system. transform centers map the incoming external information into outgoing external world information.22.what is the difference between a software process model and a software process? suggest two ways in which a software process model might be helpful in identifying poss

50、ible process improvements23. describe the differences between a design pattern and a framework.ans:design patterns are more abstract than frameworks.  frameworks are often code-based. frameworks can contain design patterns, but design patterns cannot contain frameworks. design patterns are less

51、 specialized than frameworks.24.what are the elements that make up a software architectural style?25. describe the process of management if your customer requests a new function being added to the current product. 四case study1）. given the description of a system, please analyze the system requiremen

52、ts and complete the requested models. water-monitoring system description: the water-monitoring system is to gather data at many points throughout a river valley. at the collection sites, several calculations are done according to the data (date, direction, level, flux, rainfall, etc.) and the resul

53、ts (statistics, forecast, summary report, etc.) are communicated to a central location for comprehensive reporting. an automatically generated report mainly contains charts and tables of all kinds of data collected from different locations, together with a summary document. different department is a

54、llowed to access different part of a report. 1. please formulate your project scheduling and track plan. 2. please draw the data flow diagram for the system. 3. please design the system architecture.4. please draw the class diagrams and specify the relationships between objects. 2）.course registrati

55、on systemthe school of information and electronic engineering is one of biggest schools in zhejiang university of science and technology. as part of teaching administration, staffs and students use an old system. the dean is convinced that the current system has been outgrown, as they have been rece

56、iving increased complaints from staff and students, and also because other universities have released totally revamped and highly functional computer system to their schools. the current system is a text-based system operating on standalone pcs. in the current system duplication of data entry and la

57、ck of networking are both causing great difficulty. furthermore they recognize the need for access to the internet. the school has about 110 faculties (located in one building), most of whom require computer access. meanwhile there are almost 2000 students who live in hangzhou city. the dean have aw

58、arded you (a consultant from super systems consulting) a contract to specify and design a new computer system. they will be guided by your expertise as to what you consider to be the best solution to their problems.the assignments are considered primarily as a learning experience. your assignments should demonstrate a