The way to rainy mountain 修辭格分析

The way to rainy mountain 修辭格分析內(nèi)容摘要：The way to rainy mountain was written by N.Scott Momaday. His descriptive writing vividly portrays a person,place,and the things in a lyric way by using many different figures such as Simile ，Metaphor ，Metonymy ，thus make his work an excellent piece of prose.關(guān)鍵字： 明喻 轉(zhuǎn)喻 提喻 夸張 漸進(jìn)法 擬人首先，介紹一下文章涉及到的幾種修辭的定義1、明喻（simile）定義：是以?xún)煞N具有相同特征的事物和現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行對(duì)比，表明本體和喻體之間的相似關(guān)系，兩者都在對(duì)比中出現(xiàn)?；靖袷剑篈 像 B比喻詞：介詞 as, like, of 連詞 as if/ though，what, than, and 動(dòng)詞 seem, compare /treat to 詞組 may as wellas, as it were, no more thanBeauty is as summer fruits ,which are easy to corrupt and cannot last美者猶如夏日鮮果，易腐難存2、暗喻（Metaphor）定義：不通過(guò)比喻詞，直接將A當(dāng)作B來(lái)描寫(xiě)，AB之間的聯(lián)系和相似之處是暗含的?；靖袷剑篈 是 BA new broom sweeps clean.新官上任三把火。3、提喻（Synecdoche）定義：同性質(zhì)、同種類(lèi)、同一體的事物中，大小互代、部分和全體互代、抽象和具體互代、原料代替所構(gòu)成的成品等，反之亦然分類(lèi)：部分和整體互代抽象和具體互代個(gè)體代替整個(gè)類(lèi)以材料代替事物They share the same roof.他們住在一起。以部分代全體，即用roof，表示house）4、轉(zhuǎn)喻(Metonymy)定義：A被B替換A 可是單詞或詞組B 與A有著緊密聯(lián)系轉(zhuǎn)喻的重點(diǎn)不是在“相似”；而是在“聯(lián)想”.The kettle boils . 壺水開(kāi)了 (用the kettle壺，表示 the water in the kettle 壺水)5、擬人(Personification)定義：指把物（包括物體、動(dòng)物、思想或抽象概念）擬人，使其具有人的外表、個(gè)性或情感的這樣的修辭手段。擬人可以通過(guò)形容詞、動(dòng)詞或名詞表現(xiàn)出來(lái)。Thirsty soil drank in the rain.饑渴的土壤在雨中暢飲。6、夸張（Hyperbole）運(yùn)用豐富的想象，過(guò)激的言詞，渲染和裝飾客觀事物，以達(dá)到強(qiáng)調(diào)的效果。He is an artist to his fingertips.他是個(gè)地地道道的藝術(shù)家7、漸進(jìn)法,層進(jìn)法（Climax）這種修辭是將一系列詞語(yǔ)按照意念的大小.輕重.深淺.高低等逐層漸進(jìn),最后達(dá)到頂點(diǎn).可以增強(qiáng)語(yǔ)勢(shì),逐漸加深讀者印象.例如:I am sorry, I am so sorry, I am so extremely sorry.接著，我對(duì)這篇散文進(jìn)行一下修辭分析：Winter brings blizzards, hot tornadic winds arise in the spring,and in summer the prairie is an anvils edge. The grass turns brittle and brown,and it cracks beneath your feet. There are green belts along the rivers and crees, linear groves of hickory and pecan, wilow and witch hazel. At a distance in July or August the steaming foliage seems almost to writhe in fire. Great green-and-yellow grasshoppers are everywhere in the tall grass ，popping up like corn to sting the flesh,and tortoises crawl about on the red earth, going nowhere in the plenty of time。1、“the prairie is an anvils edge ” 是暗喻，把大草原說(shuō)成是鐵砧，即大草原像鐵砧一樣熱。沒(méi)有通過(guò)比喻詞，直接將大草原當(dāng)作鐵砧來(lái)描寫(xiě)，兩者之間的聯(lián)系和相似之處是暗含的。 2、“brittle and brown, wilow and witch Great green-and-yellow grasshoppers”是頭韻，頭韻是在一組詞的開(kāi)頭或重讀音節(jié)中對(duì)相同輔音或不同元音的重復(fù)。brittle 和 brown都以“b”開(kāi)頭，wilow 和 witch均以“w”開(kāi)頭，還有Great green-and-yellow grasshoppers，出現(xiàn)相同的“g”.本文頻繁運(yùn)用頭韻修辭，表現(xiàn)了作者對(duì)語(yǔ)言的韻律、發(fā)音很感興趣。使讀者讀起來(lái)朗朗上口。下文也多處出現(xiàn)頭韻3、“At a distance in July or August the steaming foliage seems almost to writhe in fire”.是擬人修辭，把樹(shù)葉說(shuō)成是在火里掙扎，即即將樹(shù)葉擬人化。生動(dòng)的描寫(xiě)了七八月份的雨山酷熱無(wú)比?！皃opping up like corn to sting the flesh”是明喻修辭，將高草里的螞蚱的突然跳躍說(shuō)成是像玉米花爆裂開(kāi)一樣，刺得人痛。本句話有明顯的“l(fā)ike”喻詞。My grandmorther was spared the humiliation of those high gray walls by eight or ten years,but she must have known from birth the affliction of defeat,the dark brooding of old warrior. “those high gray walls”代指上文所說(shuō)石頭畜欄。運(yùn)用了提喻修辭兩性質(zhì)相同的事物進(jìn)行互代。生動(dòng)形象They accuired horses,and their ancient nomadic spirit was suddenly free of the ground .“the ground”意指這些游牧人曾經(jīng)沒(méi)有馬只能用腳走路的山地生活。運(yùn)用轉(zhuǎn)喻修辭。轉(zhuǎn)喻的重點(diǎn)不是在“相似”；而是在“聯(lián)想”通過(guò)聯(lián)想，用the ground表示大山生活。The skyline in all directions in close at hand ,the high wall of the woods and deep cleavages of shade.There is a perfect freedom in the moubtains,but it belongs to the eagle and the elk,the badger and the bear.The Kiowas reckoned their stature by the distance they could see,and they were in the wilderness.“the eagle and the elk,the badger and the bear”根據(jù)上文分析，可明顯看出，這兩詞組屬于頭暈修辭。Descending eastward,the highland meadows are a stairway to the plainThe great billowing clouds that sail upon it are shadows that move upon the grain like waterthey could see the dark lees of the hills at dawn across the Bighorn River ,the profusion of light on the grain shelves,the oldest deity ranging after the solstices.Not yet would they veer southward to the caldron of the land that lay below;they must wean their blood from the northern winter and hold the mountain a while longer in their view.1、“Descending eastward,the highland meadows are a stairway to the plain”這句話用了夸張修辭。使人印象深刻。2、“The great billowing clouds that sail upon it are shadows that move upon the grain like water?！泵黠@看出，這句話有喻詞“l(fā)ike”，所以屬于明喻修辭，把云比作水。3、“Wean”原意是“斷奶”，這里意指Kiowas停下來(lái)，而不是繼續(xù)向東南行進(jìn)，因?yàn)樗麄兿牖ㄒ恍r(shí)間適應(yīng)天氣的變化以及其他身體條件。所以這個(gè)詞屬于暗喻修辭。At the top of a ridge I caught sight of Devils Tower upthrust against the gray sky as if in the birth of time the core of the earth had broken through its crust and the motion of the world was begun.There are things in nature that engender an awful quiet in the heart of man;Devils Tower is one of them.1、“Devils Tower upthrust against the gray sky as if in the birth of time the core of the earth had broken through its crust and the motion of the world was begun”是明喻修辭，因?yàn)檫@里有喻詞“as if”.2.“awful quiet”代指人們心中的對(duì)自然界奇特的事物的敬畏，所以是轉(zhuǎn)喻修辭。There,in a very little while,wood takes on the appearance of great age.The windowpanes are black and opaque;you imagine there is nothing within ,and indeed there are many ghosts,bones given up to the land.“appearance of great age.”代指由于風(fēng)雨的長(zhǎng)期侵襲，樹(shù)木也好像變得蒼老。這里運(yùn)用了轉(zhuǎn)喻修辭。windowpanes are black and opaque;you imagine there is nothing within ,and indeed there are many ghosts,bones given up to the land.這句話用了轉(zhuǎn)喻手法，ghosts,bones喻指未泯的克羅瓦人精神。The aged visitors who came to my grandmorthers house when I was a child were made of lean and leather,and they bore themselves upright.“l(fā)ean and leather”運(yùn)用頭韻修辭。Now there is a funeral silence in the rooms, the endless wake of some final wordMy vision was such that the creature filled the moon like a fossil. It had gone there, I thought, to live and die, for there of all places, was its small definition made whole and eternal.1、“endless wake of some final word“ 暗指正在逝去的克羅瓦文化。所以是暗喻修辭。此外，也屬于擬人修辭，用“Wake”一次將其擬人化。2、“My vision was such that the creature filled the moon like a fossil?！边@句話有喻詞“l(fā)ike”所以是明喻修辭。her