英語名篇名段背誦.doc

.1. Life is a chess board.The chess-board is the world: the pieces are the phenomena of the universe; the rules of the game are what we call the laws of nature. The player on the other side is hidden from us. We know that his play is always fair, just and patient. But also we know, to our cost, that he never overlooks a mistake, or makes the smallest allowance for ignorance. By Thomas Henry Huxley棋盤宛如世界：一個個棋子仿佛世間的種種現(xiàn)象：游戲規(guī)則就是我們所稱的自然法則。競爭對手藏于暗處，不為我們所見。我們知曉，這位對手向來處事公平，正義凜然，極富耐心。然而，我們也明白，這位對手從不忽視任何錯誤，或者因為我們的無知而做出一絲讓步，所以我們也必須為此付出代價。2. Best of times.It was the best of times, it was the worst of times; it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness; it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity; it was the season of light, it was the season of darkness; it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair; we had everything before us, we had nothing before us; we were all going direct to Heaven, we were all going direct the other way.這是一個最好的時代，也是一個最壞的時代；這是明智的年代，這是愚昧的年代；這是信任的紀元，這是懷疑的紀元；這是光明的季節(jié)，這是黑暗的季節(jié)；這是希望的春日，這是失望的冬日；我們面前應有盡有，我們面前一無所有；我們都將直下地獄 3. Great ExpectationsAs the night was fast falling,and as the moon,being past the full,would not rise early,we held a little council:a short one,for clearly our course was to lie by at the first lonely tavern we could find.So,they plied their oars once more,and I looked out for anything like a house.Thus we held on,speaking little,for four or five dull miles.It was very cold,and,a collier coming by us,with her gallery-fire smoking and flaring,looked like a comfortable home.The night was as dark by this time as it would be until morning;and what light we had,seemed to come more from the river than the sky,as the oars in their dipping stuck at a few reflected stars.天黑得很快，偏巧這天又是下弦月，月亮不會很早升起。我們就稍稍商量了一下，可是也用不著多討論，因為情況是明擺著的，再劃下去我們一遇到冷落的酒店就得投宿。于是他們又使勁打起漿來，我則用心尋找岸上是否隱隱約約有什么房屋的模樣。這樣又趕了四五英里路，一路上好不氣悶，大家簡直不說一句話。天氣非常冷，一艘煤船從我們近旁駛過，船上廚房里生著火，炊煙縷縷，火光熒熒，在我們看來簡直就是個安樂家了。這時夜已透黑，看來就要這樣一直黑到天明，我們僅有的一點光亮似乎不是來自天空，而是來自河上，一漿又一漿的，攪動著那寥寥幾顆倒映在水里的寒星。4. The doer of Deeds It is not the critic who counts,not the man who points out how the strong man stumbles,the doer of deeds could have done them better. The credit belongs to the man who is actually in the arens,whose face is marred by dust and sweat and blood;who stives valiantly;who errs,and comes short again and again;because there is not effort without error and shortcoming;but who does actually strive to do the deeds;who knows the great enthusiasms,the great devotions;who spends himself in a worthy cause,who at the best knows in the end the triumphs of high achievement and who at the worst,if he fails,at least fails whiledaring greatly,so that his place shall never be with those cold and timid souls who know neither victory nor defeat. 真正令人尊敬的并非那些評論家和那些指出強者是如何跌倒，實干家本該做得更好的人。 榮譽屬于那些親臨競技場，滿臉污泥，汗水和鮮血的人。他們不懈努力，他們曾犯過過錯，并一再失敗。因為付出即意味著犯錯和失敗。他們滿懷激情地努力做事，執(zhí)著不懈，將生命奉獻于崇高的事業(yè)。他們?yōu)榻?jīng)過艱辛努力最終取得的偉大成就而自豪，如果失敗，他們夜敗的榮耀。因而，這樣的人永遠不應與那些不知道勝利，也從未失敗過的冷淡而膽怯的靈魂相提并論。5. American dream.To Americans, industriousness, thrift and ambition are possitive values. We encourage our children to be competitive, to get ahead, to make money, to acquire possassion. In games and in business alike, the aim is to win the game, the trorphy, the contract. We go in for laboursaving devices, gadgets, speed and shortcuts. We think every young couple should set up a home of their own. And we pity the couple who must share their home with their parent, let alone with other relatives. Actually, of course, not all Americans hold all these values. And those who do may hold other, and at times contradictory values that affect their ways of behaving. In the main, however, the collective expectation of our society is that these are desirable goals, and the individual, whatever his personal inclination, is under considerable pressure to conform.6. ShakespeareShakespeare is above all writers, at least above all modern writers, the poet of nature; the poet that holds up to his readers a faithful mirror of manners and of life. His characters are not modified by the customs of particular places, unpractised by the rest of the world; by the peculiarities of studies or professions, which can operate but upon small numbers; or by the accidents of transient fashions or temporary opinions: they are the genuine progeny of common humanity, such as the world will always supply, and observation will always find. His persons act and speak by the influnce of those general passions and principles by which all minds are agitated, and the whole system of life is continued in motion. In the writings of other poets a character is too often an individual; in those of Shakespeare it is commonly a species.莎士比亞的才華高于一切作家，至少高于當今的所有作家。他是一位自然的詩人，他的作品將人間百態(tài)真實地展現(xiàn)在讀者眼前。他的人物塑造并不拘泥于只為一部分人所遵循的某個特定地區(qū)的習俗，也不局限于一小部分人所從事的特定的研究或職業(yè)，也不追隨短暫的潮流或暫時的思想觀點：他們據(jù)有人們一貫具備的、普遍的人性特點。就像世界能永不竭地供應，眼睛能永不停地發(fā)現(xiàn)。他筆下人物的一言一行都受那些能夠觸動所有人的大眾化的情感和能使整個生命體系得以延續(xù)的普遍原則所影響。在其他詩人的作品中，一個人物往往就是一個個體，而莎翁筆下的人物通常代表著一類人。 7. Heart of a stranger.The most loved place, for me, in this country has in fact been many places. It has changed throughout the years, as I and my circumstances have changed.I have not really lost any of the best places from the past, though.I may no longer inhabit them, but they inhabit me, portions of memory, presences in the mind . My best place at the moment is very different, although I guess it has some of the attributes of that long ago place. I ve lived three summers there, writing, birdwatching, riverwatching. It is a small cedar cabin on the Otonabee river in southern Ontario. I ve lived three summers there, writing, birdwatching, riverwatching. I sometimes feel sorry for the people in speedboats who spend their weekends zinging up and down the river at about a million miles an hour. For all they re able to see, the riverbanks might just as well be green concrete and the river itself flowing with molten plastic.在這個國家里我最喜歡的地方其實一直有很多。這些年來，由于我們自己和情況的變遷，我最愛的地方也隨著改變。雖然如此，過去我喜愛過的任何一個地方我并沒有真正地失去它們。我或許不再居住在那兒，但它們卻存在于我的心里，成為我記憶中的片段，時常浮現(xiàn)在腦海中此刻我最喜愛的地方相當不同，但我想它仍具有和老早的那個地方（即明湖，Clear Lake）相同的某些特質。這個地方是安大略省南方奧托拿比河邊的一間松木小屋。我在那兒居住了三個夏天：寫作、賞鳥、觀河。有時候我為那些來此地度周末，卻駕著快艇以極速在河上往來呼嘯的人感到難過，因為這些人看見的河岸只不過是綠色的混凝土岸，而河流本身也仿佛只是條閃亮的流動塑料。8. Thoughts in a grave yard.When I look upon the tombs of the great, every emotion of envy dies in me; when I read the epitaphs of the beautiful, even inordinate desire goes out; when I meet with the grief of parents upon a tombstone, my heart melts with compassion; when I see the tomb of the parents of themselves, I consider the vanity of grieving for those who deposed them, when I consider rival wits placed side by side, or the holy men that divided the world with their contests and disputes, I reflect with sorrow and astonishment on the little competitions, factions, and debates of mankind. When I read the several dates of the tombs, of some that died yesterday, and some six hunderd years ago, I consider that great when we shall all of us be contemporaries, and make our appearance together.墓園沉思當我瞻仰偉人的墳墓，心中所有的嫉妒頓時煙消云散；當我讀到偉人的悼文，所有的非分之想頃刻消失殆盡；當我遇見在墓碑旁悲痛欲絕的父母親，我的心中也滿懷同情；當我看到那些父母親自己的墳墓，我不禁感慨：既然我們很快都要追隨逝者的腳步，悲傷又有何用。當我看到國王與那些將他們廢黜的人躺在一起，當我想到那些爭斗一生的智者，或是那些通過競爭和爭執(zhí)將世界分裂的圣人們被后人并排葬在一起，我對人類的那些微不足道的競爭、內訌和爭論感到震驚和悲傷。當我看到一些墳墓上的日期，有的死于昨日，而有的死于六百年前，我不禁想到，有那么一天我們都會在同一個時代同時出現(xiàn)在世人眼前10. I have as much soul as you.I tell you I must go! I retorted, roused to something like passion. Do you think I can stay to become nothing to you? Do you think I am an automaton?-a machine without feelings? and can bear to have my morsel of bread snatched from my lips, and my drop of living water dashed from my cup? Do you think, because I am poor, obscure, plain, and little, I am souless and heartless? You think wrong!-I have as much soul as you,-and full as much heart! And if God had gifted me with some beauty and much wealth, I should have made it as hard for you to leave me, as it is now for me to leave you. I am not talking to you now through the medium of custom, conventionalities, nor evern of mortal flesh;-it is my spirit that adresses your spirit; just as if both has passed through the grave, and we stood at Gods feet, equal,-as we are! Excerpt from Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte我的心靈跟你一樣豐富“我告訴你我非走不可！”我回駁著，感情很有些沖動?！澳汶y道認為，我會留下來甘愿做一個對你來說無足輕重的人？你以為我是一架機器一架沒有感情的機器？能夠容忍別人把一口面包從我嘴里搶走，把一滴生命之水從我杯子里潑掉？難道就因為我一貧如洗、默默無聞、長相平庸、個子瘦小，就沒有靈魂和心腸了？你想錯了！我的心靈跟你一樣豐富，我的心胸跟你一樣充實！要是上帝賜予我一點姿色和財富，我會使你難以離開我，就像現(xiàn)在我很難離開你一樣。我不是根據(jù)習俗、常規(guī)，甚至也不是血肉之軀同你說話，而是我的靈魂同你的靈魂在對話，就仿佛我們兩人穿過墳墓，站在上帝腳下，彼此平等，本來就如此！” 11Frankness You must study to be frank with the world: frankness is the child of honesty and courage. Say just what you mean to do, on every occasion. If a friend asks a favor, you should grant it, if it is reasonable; if not, tell him plainly why you cannot. You would wrong him and wrong yourself by equivocation of any kind. Never do a wrong thing to make a friend or keep one. The man who requires you to do so is dearly purchased at a sacrifice. Deal kindly but firmly with all your classmates. You will find it the policy which wears best. Above all, do not appear to others what you are not. If you have any fault to find with any one, tell him, not others, of what you complain. There is no more dangerous experiment than that of undertaking to do one thing before a mans face and another behind his back. We should say and do nothing to the injury of any one. It is not only a matter of principle, but also the path of peace and hornor. By Robert E. Lee 在世間必須學會以真誠示人：率真乃是誠實與勇敢之子。無論在何種場合，都應該道出自己的真實想法。如果朋友對你有所求，對于合情合理之請，應該欣然同意；不然，應該明明白白地告訴朋友拒絕的理由。任何模棱兩可的話語將會讓別人誤解，也會使自己蒙受冤屈。 千萬不要為了結交朋友或者挽留友情而做錯一事。對你有這種要求的人也會付出沉重的代價。與同學真心相對，絕不背叛。你將發(fā)現(xiàn)這是最有效用的準則。總之，要以真實面目示人。 如果發(fā)現(xiàn)某人身有瑕疵，直接告訴他你的意見，而不是訴之他人。人前一套，背后又是一套，沒有什么比這更加危機四伏。任何有損他人的言語或者事情我們都應該避免。這不僅是一種做人的原則，而且也是通向平和的人際關系、獲得他人尊敬之道。12. Letter to a Young FriendBy Benjamin FranklinMy dear friend I know of no Medicine fit to diminish the violent natural inclination you mention; and if I did, I think I should not communicate it to you. Marriage is the proper Remedy. It is the most natural State of man, and therefore the state in which you will find solid Happiness.Your Reason against entering into it at present appears to be not well founded. The Circumstantial Advantages you have in view by Postponing it, are not only uncertain, but they are small in comparison with the Thing itself, the being married and settled. It is the Man and Woman united that makes the complete human Being, Separate she wants his force of Body and Strength of Reason; he her Softness, Sensibility and acute Discernment. Together they are most likely to succeed in the World. A single man has not nearly the value he would have in that State of Union. He is an incomplete Animal.He resembles the odd Half of a Pair of Scissors. If you get a prudent, health wife, your Industry in your Profession, with her good Economy, will be a Fortune sufficient. Your Affectionate Friend 給年輕朋友的一封信 本杰明富蘭克林 我知道沒有藥物能夠消除你們所提到的那種瘋狂的自然傾向;即使我知道,我想我也不該告訴你.婚姻是適當?shù)乃幬?。它是人類最本能的狀態(tài), 因此是一種最幸福的生活狀態(tài)。你拒絕現(xiàn)在進入婚姻殿堂的理由顯的不夠充分.你認為推遲婚姻可能存在好處,不僅不一定實現(xiàn)，而且,那些利益跟婚姻本身以及婚后的安定相比起來就微不足道了。男人和女人只有聯(lián)合起來才能組成完整的人.女人缺乏男人的力量和周密的推理,而男人缺乏女人的溫柔、感性和敏銳的洞察力。因此當男人和女人聯(lián)合起來。就能夠無往不勝。單身和離婚生活的男男女女不可能具有婚姻生活中的價值，是一種不完善的動物。他簡直好比半把剪刀-孤掌難鳴。 如果你擁有一位健康而謹慎的妻子，你的辛勤工作，加上她的勤儉節(jié)約，必定會創(chuàng)造充足的財富。 您真摯的朋友 13. Love your life.By Henry David Thoreau 亨利大衛(wèi)梭羅However mean your life is,meet it and live it ;do not shun it and call it hard names.It is not so bad as you are.It looks poorest when you are richest.The fault-finder will find faults even in paradise.Love your life,poor as it is.You may perhaps have some pleasant,thrilling,glorious hourss,even in a poor-house.The setting sun is reflected from the windows of the alms-house as brightly as from the rich mans abode;the snow melts before its door as early in the spring.I do not see but a quiet mind may live as contentedly there,and have as cheering thoughts,as in a palace.The towns poor seem to me often to live the most independent lives of any.May be they are simply great enough to receive without misgiving.Most think that they are above being supported by the town;but it often happens that they are not above supporting themselves by dishonest means.which should be more disreputable.Cultivate poverty like a garden herb,like sage.Do not trouble yourself much to get new things,whether clothes or friends,Turn the old,return to them.Things do not change;we change.Sell your clothes and keep your thoughts. 不論你的生活如何卑賤，你要面對它生活，不要躲避它，更別用惡言咒罵它。它不像你那樣壞。你最富有的時候，倒是看似最窮。愛找缺點的人就是到天堂里也能找到缺點。你要愛你的生活，盡管它貧窮。甚至在一個濟貧院里，你也還有愉快、高興、光榮的時候。夕陽反射在濟貧院的窗上，像身在富戶人家窗上一樣光亮；在那門前，積雪同在早春融化。我只看到，一個從容的人，在哪里也像在皇宮中一樣，生活得心滿意足而富有愉快的思想。城鎮(zhèn)中的窮人，我看，倒往往是過著最獨立不羈的生活。也許因為他們很偉大，所以受之無愧。大多數(shù)人以為他們是超然的，不靠城鎮(zhèn)來支援他們；可是事實上他們是往往利用了不正當?shù)氖侄蝸韺Ω渡?，他們是毫不超脫的，毋寧是不體面的。視貧窮如園中之花而像圣人一樣耕植它吧！不要找新的花樣，無論是新的朋友或新的衣服，來麻煩你自己。找舊的，回到那里去。萬物不變，是我們在變。你的衣服可以賣掉，但要保留你的思想。 14. Build Me a Sonby General Douglas A. MacArthur Build me a son, Lord, who will be strong enough to know when he is weak, and brave enough to face himself when he is afraid; one who will be proud and unbending in honest defeat, and humble and gentle in victory. 啊，上帝，請給我造就這樣一個兒子，他將堅強足以認識自己的弱點，勇敢得足以面對恐懼，在遇到正當?shù)拇煺蹠r能夠昂首而不卑躬屈膝，在勝利時能謙遜而不趾高氣揚。 Build me a son whose wishbone will not be where his backbone should be; a son who will know Thee and that to know himself is the foundation stone of knowledge. 請給我造就這樣一個兒子，他不會用愿望代替行動，將牢記你的教誨認識自己是認識世界的奠基石。 Lead him I pray, not in the path of ease and comfort, but under the stress and spur of difficulties and challenge. Here let him learn to stand up in the storm; here let him learn compassion for those who fail. 我祈求，請不要把他引上平靜安逸的道路，而要把他置于困難和挑戰(zhàn)的考驗和激勵之下，讓他學會在暴風雨中挺立，讓他學會對那些失敗者富于憐憫。 ll be clear, whose goal will be high; a son who will master himself before he seeks to master other men; one who will learn to laugh, yet never forget how to weep; one who will reach into the future, yet never forget the past. 請給我造就這樣一個兒子，他將心地潔凈，目標高尚；他將在征服別人之前先征服自己，他將擁有未來，但永遠不忘記過去。 And after all these things are his, add, I pray, enough of a sense of humor, so that he may always be serious, yet never take himself too seriously. Give him humility, so that he may always remember the simplicity of true greatness, the open mind of true wisdom, the meekness of true strength. 我祈求，除了上述的一切，請賜他足夠的幽默感，這樣他可以永遠莊重，但不至于盛氣凌人；賦他以謙卑的品質，這樣他可能永遠銘記在心：真正的偉人也要真誠率直，真正的賢人也要虛懷若谷，真正的強者也要溫文爾雅。 Then, I, his father, will dare to whisper I have not lived in vain. 那么，作為他父親的我就將敢于對人低語：“我這一生沒有白過?！?15. The pleasant family. 幸福的家庭When in an hour they crowded into a cab to go home， I strolled idly to my club. I was perhaps a little lonely， and it was with a touch of envy that I thought of the pleasant family life of which I had had a glimpse. They seemed devoted to one another. They had little private jokes of their own which， unintelligible to the outsider， amused them enormously. Perhaps Charles Strickland was dull judged by a standard that demanded above all things verbal scintillation； but his intelligence was adequate to his surroundings， and that is a passport， not only to reasonable success， but still more to happiness. Mrs. Strickland was a charming woman， and she loved him. I pictured their lives， troubled by no untoward adventure， honest， decent， and， by reason of those two upstanding， pleasant children， so obviously destined to carry on the normal traditions of their race and station， not without significance. They would grow old insensibly； they would see their son and daughter come to years of reason， marry in due course the one a pretty girl， future mother of healthy children； the other a handsome， manly fellow， obviously a soldier； and at last， prosperous in their dignified retirement， beloved by their descendants， after a happy， not unuseful life， in the fullness of their age they would sink into the grave. Excerpt from the Moon and Sixpennce by W. Somerset Maugham 一個鐘頭以后，這一家擠上一輛馬車回家去了，我也一個人懶散地往俱樂部踱去。我也許感到有一點寂寞，回想我剛才瞥見的這種幸福家庭生活，心里不無艷羨之感。這一家人感情似乎非常融洽。他們說一些外人無從理解的小笑話，笑得要命。如果純粹從善于辭令這一角度衡量一個人的智慧，也許查理斯。思特里克蘭德算不得聰明，但是在他自己的那個環(huán)境里，他的智慧還是綽綽有余的，這不僅是事業(yè)成功的敲門磚，而且是生活幸福的保障。思特里克蘭德太太是一個招人喜愛的女人，她很愛她的丈夫。我想象著這一對夫妻的生活，不受任何災殃禍變的干擾，誠實、體面，兩個孩子更是規(guī)矩可愛，肯定會繼承和發(fā)揚這一家人的地位和傳統(tǒng)。在不知不覺間，他們倆的年紀越來越老，兒女卻逐漸長大成人，到了一定的年齡，就會結婚成家一個已經(jīng)出息成美麗的姑娘，將來還會生育活潑健康的孩子；另一個則是儀表堂堂的男子漢，顯然會成為一名軍人。最后這一對夫妻告老引退，受到子孫敬愛，過著富足、體面的晚年。他們幸福的一生并未虛度，直到年壽已經(jīng)很高，才告別了人世。 摘自月亮與六便士威廉薩默塞特毛姆16. Advice to a yong man. Remember, my son, you have to work. 給年輕人的忠告Remember, my son, you have to work. Whether you handle a pick or a pen, a wheel-barrow or a set of books, digging ditches or editing a paper, ringing an auction bell or writing funny things, you must work. If you look around you will see the men who are the most able to live the rest of their days without work are the men who work the hardest. Dont be afraid of killing yourself with overwork. It is beyond your power to do that on the sunny side of thirty. They die sometimes, but it is because they quit work at six in the evening, and do not go home until two in the morning. Its the interval that kills, my son. The work gives you an appetite for your meals; it lends solidity to your slumbers, it gives you a perfect and grateful appreciation of a holiday.謹記，我的年輕人，你們必須工作不管你是使鋤頭還是用筆，也不管是推手推車還是編記賬簿，也不管你是種地還是編輯報紙，是拍賣師亦或是作家，都必須有一份工作，并為之努力奮斗如果仔細觀察周圍的人，你就會發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些工作最努力的人最有可能安享晚年而無須去工作不要害怕超負荷的工作會縮短你的壽命，不足三十歲的年齡，你的承受能力遠不止如此如果說真的有人過早送命，那完全是因為他們在晚上六點結束工作，卻要在外流連到凌晨兩點才歸家我的年輕人，正是晚上六點到凌晨兩點的這段時間的生活毀了他們自己工作會增加你的食欲，工作會使你安然入睡，工作將會使你心滿意足地享受假日。 There are young men who do not work, but the world is not proud of them. It does not know their names, even it simply speaks of them as “old So-and-Sos boy”. Nobody likes them; the great, busy world doesnt know that they are there. So find out what you want to be and do, and take off your coat and make a dust in the world. The busi