高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 基礎(chǔ)考點(diǎn)聚焦 Unit 8 Adventure 北師大版必修3.doc

unit 8 adventure 話題：文娛與體育(entertainment and sports)1.culture n文化2.entertainment n.娛樂3.practise v.練習(xí)4.traditional adj.傳統(tǒng)的5.beneficial adj.有益的6.practical adj.實(shí)用的7.activity n.活動(dòng)8.coach n.教練員9.athlete n.運(yùn)動(dòng)員10.audience n.聽眾，觀眾11.enjoy v.喜歡；享受12.judge n.裁判13.event n.事件；大事14.stadium n.(露天大型)體育場(chǎng)15.gold medal金牌16.run against和比賽17.have fun with玩得開心18.be faced with面對(duì)19.build up ones body增強(qiáng)體質(zhì)20.keep fit保持健康1.to have this problem solved, some people suggest that pe be included as a subject in the college entrance examination.為了解決這個(gè)問題，一些人建議將體育納入高考考查科目。2.setting up standards for the exam alone may well be a hard task.單單是設(shè)立這個(gè)考試的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)可能就很難。3.it is far beyond our ability to finish so much work in so short a time.在那么短的時(shí)間里完成那么多工作是超出我們的能力的。(2017長春十一高聯(lián)考)目前我國中學(xué)生的健康狀況越來越差，為解決這一問題，有人建議將體育納入高考。請(qǐng)按照以下要點(diǎn)發(fā)表你對(duì)此事的看法。1反對(duì)此建議，認(rèn)為不實(shí)際。 2學(xué)校有責(zé)任培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的健身意識(shí)并提供足夠的體育設(shè)施。(體育設(shè)施：sports facilities)some of the high school students are in bad condition, which makes parents, schools and experts worried. to have this problem solved, some people suggest that pe be included as a subject in the college entrance examination.im against the idea because it is by no means practical. setting up standards for the exam alone may well be a hard task. it is far beyond our ability to manage such a nationwide exam in the sports field.however, good health is an essential foundation of learning. therefore, it is schools responsibility to help develop their students awareness of the importance of keeping fit. moreover, schools should provide sufficient sports facilities for their students to have regular exercise.1desert n沙漠，荒原2porter n.行李搬運(yùn)工3luggage n.行李4maximum adj.最大的，最多的5footprint n.腳印，足跡6exactly adv.確切地，精確地7traveller n.旅行者，旅客8goods n.商品，物品，貨物9wealthy adj.富有的，富裕的10author n.作者11professor n.教授12ambition n.志向，抱負(fù)13cheerful adj.愉快的，高興的14distant adj.遠(yuǎn)處的；久遠(yuǎn)的15staff n.員工，全體工作人員1adventure n.奇遇，冒險(xiǎn)的經(jīng)歷2extra adj.特別的；額外的3optional adj.可選擇的，非強(qiáng)制的4accommodation n.住所，住處5risk vt.冒的危險(xiǎn) 6flow vi.流動(dòng)，涌出7equipment n.配備，設(shè)備8quantity n.量，數(shù)量9shock vt.震驚，驚駭10goal n.目的；目標(biāo)11function vi.運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；發(fā)揮作用12aim n.目標(biāo)；目的13transport n.運(yùn)輸，運(yùn)送14shelter n.遮蔽，庇護(hù)所15limit n.邊界；限度1major adj. 較重要的；較嚴(yán)重的 n. 專業(yè)課 majority n大多數(shù)2tiring adj. 令人疲勞的tired adj.疲倦的，厭倦的tire vt. 使疲倦；使疲勞3uncomfortable adj. 不舒服的，不自在的comfortable adj. 舒服的comfort n. & vt. 安慰4differ vi. 不同于，有區(qū)別difference n. 不同之處different adj. 不同的5anxious adj. 憂慮的，擔(dān)心的anxiously adv. 憂慮地，焦慮地anxiety n. 焦慮，不安6extreme adj. 極度的，極端的extremely adv. 極其地，極端地7similarity n. 相似性，類似性similar adj. 相似的similarly adv. 類似地8excitement n. 興奮，激動(dòng)excited adj. 激動(dòng)的，興奮的exciting adj. 令人興奮的9various adj. 不同的，各種各樣的variety n. 品種；種類；變化vary vi. 變化10preference n. 較喜歡的東西，偏愛prefer v. 喜愛11amaze vt. 使驚愕(驚奇)amazed adj. 驚愕的，吃驚的amazing adj. 令人驚異的amazement n. 吃驚，驚愕12confuse vt. 使困惑confused adj. 困惑的confusing adj. 令人困惑的confusion n. 混亂；困惑13preparation n. 準(zhǔn)備，預(yù)備prepare vt. 準(zhǔn)備；預(yù)備prepared adj. 準(zhǔn)備好的14patience n. 耐心；忍耐力patient adj. 耐心的 n. 病人patiently adv. 耐心地15observe vt. 觀察，觀測(cè)observation n. 觀察16disadvantage n. 不利，不利條件advantage n. 有利條件，長處用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1it was an anxious moment for us that day.we were waiting anxiously at the gate for the result of the match.next to us were some girls watching us with anxiety(anxious)2my father is so good a doctor that he is always patient with his patients and he also has patience with us.he treats us very patiently(patient)3from her confused look，i knew that the confusing speech made her confused(confuse)4we were amazed at his amazing performance，and other people were also looking at him in amazement(amaze)5the goods in this shop vary from season to season. in winter, there are various kinds of coats while in summer there are a variety of fruits.(vary)1take_off起飛2.in_order_to_do_something目的是，以便3upside_down顛倒地，倒置地4turn_up出現(xiàn)，到場(chǎng) 5back_out決定不履行(允諾的事)6get_across使理解(某事)7in_turn輪流8break_out(壞事)突然發(fā)生，爆發(fā)9o_prison把關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄10stand_by堅(jiān)持(某種說法)11on_ones_way在途中12break_down損壞，不能運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)13run_out_of用完，耗盡14carry_on繼續(xù)做某事選用上面的短語填空my parents didnt like me to travel to australia alone.finally i managed to 1.get_across them and took the plane that 2.took_off on sunday flying to australia.after reaching australia，i rented a car to sydney with a friend.unfortunately，3.on_our_way_to sydney，our car 4.broke_downwhats worse，we 5.ran_out_of oil.luckily another car passing by stopped to help us out.1too.to.太而不能although people enjoyed reading his book，many of them thought that marcos stories about china were too fantastic to be true.【仿寫】聽到兒子歸來的消息，這位母親太激動(dòng)而無法控制淚水。hearing that her son came home，the mother was too_excited_to_hold_back her tears.2表示方位或時(shí)間的副詞位于句首，句子用全部倒裝語序then came the total darkness of the polar winter.【仿寫】門突然開了，從里面沖出來一個(gè)高個(gè)子男孩。suddenly the door opened，out rushed_a_tall_boy3have difficulty (in) doing sth.在方面有困難the next to go was captain oates，who was having great difficulty walking. 【仿寫】運(yùn)動(dòng)員李梅用英語表達(dá)自己的想法并沒有困難。the player li mei doesnt have_any_difficulty_(in)_expressing_herself in english.狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞；定語從句()單句改錯(cuò)1one day a few weeks ago he was unexpectedly found sit in a village house.sitsitting2she smells a smell of the food and found it very unpleasant. smellssmelled3i have many books，most of that are very interesting and instructive. thatwhich4all the neighbors admire this family，which the parents treat their child like a friend.whichwhere5we shouldnt spend our money testing so many people，most of who are healthy. whowhom differ vi.不同于，區(qū)別于(教材p23)how do the tourists differ from local people?游客與本地人有什么不同？(1)differ from.in.與在方面不同differ with sb.on/about/over.與某人在方面意見不同(2)be different from.不同于(3)difference n.差異，差別make a/no difference有/無影響tell the difference between a and b指出a與b的不同 the girl differs greatly from her twin sister in appearance and character.這個(gè)女孩與她的雙胞胎姐姐在外貌和性格上差別很大。(2016浙江高考單項(xiàng)填空)in many ways, the education system in the us is not very different from that in the uk.在很多方面，美國的教育體系和英國的教育體系差異性不大。基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空(1)(2016四川高考)you may have the opportunity to make your biggest difference(differ) when youre older.(2)our students come from different(differ) backgrounds but have the same desire to learn online.(3)he differs with his lawyer on/about/over how to present the case.能力提升一句多譯英式英語和美式英語在很多方面有區(qū)別。(4)british english and american english differ in many ways.(differ)(5)british english differs_from american english in many ways.(differ)(6)british english is_different_from american english in many ways.(different)(7)there are differences between british english and american english.(difference) anxious adj.憂慮的，擔(dān)心的(教材p23)from that moment they started to feel anxious and they slept badly that night.從那時(shí)起他們開始感到憂慮并且那晚他們失眠了。(1)be anxious for/to do sth.渴望某事/做某事be anxious (for sb.) to do sth.急于(讓某人)做be anxious about.為擔(dān)心/擔(dān)憂be anxious that.渴望(that從句中用should動(dòng)詞原形)(2)anxiety n.憂慮，擔(dān)心with anxiety焦慮地(3)anxiously adv.焦慮地(2016北京高考)anxious all the time, i was unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time. 總是緊張，所以我一次集中注意力的時(shí)間不到一個(gè)小時(shí)。the parents tried not to communicate their anxieties to their children.家長們盡量不把焦慮告訴孩子們?；A(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空(1)(2016江蘇高考單項(xiàng)填空) jack still cant help being anxious about his job interview.(2)the audience were waiting for the final result with anxiety(anxious)(3)(天津高考單項(xiàng)填空)anxiously(anxious), she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only to find it didnt fit.能力提升高考小作文(4)(全國卷書面表達(dá))別人告訴我輔導(dǎo)中心可以給學(xué)生提供幫助， 我急于想從您那兒得到一些幫助。i was told the learning center provides help for students and im_anxious_to_get_help_from_youmy daughter studies very hard because she is anxious to go to college.but she is anxious about not passing the entrance exam.i am really anxious that she should manage to get rid of her anxiety. riskvt.冒的危險(xiǎn) nc，u危險(xiǎn)，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)(教材p116)what makes people risk their lives to do them?是什么促使人們冒著生命危險(xiǎn)去做它們呢？(1)risk doing sth. 冒險(xiǎn)做某事risk ones life to do sth.冒著生命危險(xiǎn)做某事(2)at risk 有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)at the risk of.冒著的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)put sb./sth.at risk使某人/某物有危險(xiǎn)take/run the risk of doing sth.冒險(xiǎn)做某事take risks/a risk to do 冒險(xiǎn)做 young people may risk going deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.如果年輕人每天都處于嘈雜的音樂中， 他們很可能有變聾的危險(xiǎn)。 he is willing to take a risk to save someones life.他愿意冒險(xiǎn)去救某個(gè)人的生命?；A(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空(1)the young man risked his life to_save(save) the drowning child.(2)(2016全國卷甲)i ran the risk of losing(lose) those students who had a different style of thinking.能力提升一句多譯有一大家人要養(yǎng)活， 所以他不能冒險(xiǎn)失去這一次好機(jī)會(huì)。 (3)he has a large family to support, so he cant take_risks/a_risk_to_lose_the_good_chance. (risk n)(4)he has a large family to support, so he cant take/run_the_risk_of losing the good chance.(risk n)(5)he has a large family to support, so he cant risk_losing_the_good_chance. (risk v) various adj.不同的；各種各樣的(2016江蘇高考)the internet makes us smarter over various kinds of things.網(wǎng)絡(luò)使我們對(duì)各種各樣的事情更明智。(1)vary vt.& vi.使不同，變化vary from.to.變化范圍從到(2)variety n.變化；多樣性a variety of/varieties of/all sorts of/all kinds of各種各樣的 the research team is made up of the pupils，whose ages vary from 10 to 15.這個(gè)研究小組是由年齡從十歲到十五歲不等的學(xué)生組成的。one of the advantages is that we can find a variety of topics.其中優(yōu)勢(shì)之一是我們能夠找到各種主題。巧學(xué)活用單句語法填空(1)they were late for the meeting for a variety(vary) of reasons.(2)it is known that the weather here varies(vary) with seasons.(3)many people are taking part in various(variety) tv programs to achieve overnight success. confuse vt.使迷惑；使為難；使混亂；混淆(經(jīng)典例句)there was a confused look on his face when he met with the confusing problem.當(dāng)他遇到令人費(fèi)解的問題時(shí)他臉上有困惑的表情。(1)confuse a with/and b 把a(bǔ)和b混淆 (2)confused adj.困惑的，煩惱的(表示人的內(nèi)心感受)be confused by被弄混，糊涂be confused about對(duì)糊涂，不解confusing adj.令人費(fèi)解的；使人困惑的(表示事物的狀態(tài))(3)confusion n.困惑 i confused her with/and her sister because they were so alike.我把她和她妹妹弄混了，因?yàn)樗齻冮L得太像了。i know that most of you may be confused by the instruction.我知道你們大部分人可能被這個(gè)指示弄糊涂了?；A(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空(1)the girl stopped in confusion(confuse) as everyone turned to look at her. (2)the long speech made most of the audience confused(confuse)(3)(2016上海高考)after what seemed like a safe amount of time，i read the poem again and was confused(confuse)(4)he was really confused by the confusing problem which also confused other people for a long time.(confuse)能力提升句式升級(jí)(5)he was confused with the present situation so he didnt know what to do next.confused_with_the_present_situation，he_didnt_know_what_to_do_next.(用過去分詞短語作原因狀語改寫) quantity n量，數(shù)量(教材p27)he went to a city where iron was produced in huge quantities.他去了一個(gè)城市，在那里鐵被大量地生產(chǎn)。(1)in quantityin large amounts大量；很多a large/small quantity of大量的/少量的quantities of大量；許多(2)quality n.質(zhì)量 as far as im concerned，it is quality rather than quantity that really counts.依我看來，重要的是質(zhì)量而不是數(shù)量。the businessman found some ways to encourage the customers to buy goods in quantity.那個(gè)商人想了一些辦法鼓勵(lì)顧客成批量地購買商品。(1)a quantity of和quantities of后既可接可數(shù)名詞也可接不可數(shù)名詞。(2)“a quantity of名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；而“quantities of名詞”作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)?；A(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空(1)a large quantity of rice was(be) sold at a discount in the market yesterday.(2)with more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth are(be) being washed away each year.(3)if you buy this goods in quantity, we will offer a better price to you. (4)why does the river around the village smell terrible?because large quantities of water have_been_polluted(pollute) already.(5)as a result of destroying the forests, a large quantity of desert has covered(cover) the land.能力提升高考小作文(6)(四川高考書面表達(dá))在考前，我花了大量的時(shí)間作準(zhǔn)備。 否則， 我不會(huì)成功地通過考試。 before the exam, i spent_a_large_quantity_of_time_in_preparing_for it. otherwise, i wouldnt have succeeded in passing the exam. aimn目標(biāo)；目的 vi.&vt.瞄準(zhǔn)；(向某方向)努力(2016上海高考選詞填空)the aim of the designer is to create solutions to problems through the most efficient means.這位設(shè)計(jì)者的目的是通過最有效的方式來找出解決問題的方法。(1)achieve ones aim達(dá)到目的；實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)take aim at向瞄準(zhǔn)without aim漫無目的地with the aim of以為目標(biāo)；意在(2)aim sth.at sb./sth.用某物朝向/瞄準(zhǔn)某人或某物aim at doing sth./aim to do sth.意欲、企圖、力求做某事be aimed at目的是；旨在 (2016上海高考)more recently, the paris agreement, stuck by nearly 200 countries, also aims to limit global warming.更近些時(shí)候，由近200個(gè)國家簽署的巴黎協(xié)定目標(biāo)也是限制全球變暖。after graduation, she went to london with the aim of finding a wellpaid job.在畢業(yè)后，她去了倫敦，目的是找一個(gè)高薪的工作?；A(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空(1)the girl is aiming to_lose(lose) four kilos before the summer holidays.(2)when i saw him, he was taking aim at a black bear in the forest.(3)i was walking aimlessly in the street when i came across john, who led an aimless sort of life without any aim(aim)(4)the aim of education is to teach young people to think for themselves and not follow others blindly.能力提升句式升級(jí)(5)this activity is aimed at improving the students ability，which is very popular.aimed_at_improving_the_students_ability，this activity is very popular.(用過去分詞作狀語改寫) observe vt.觀察；觀測(cè)；遵守；慶祝；注意到(2016江蘇高考書面表達(dá))therefore, rules should be worked out and strictly observed. 因此，必須制定一些規(guī)則并要嚴(yán)格遵守。一詞多義寫出下列句中observe的含義(1)the scientists devoted most of his lifetime to observing the behavior of the chimps.觀察(2)his neighbor observed a stranger enter his house and take away some valuables.注意到(3)having lived in china for years，the greens still observe christmas every year.慶祝(4)so far the traffic rules have been observed by everyone in our city.遵守(1)observe sb.do sth. 觀察某人做某事(全過程)observe sb.doing sth.觀察某人正在做某事(2)observationn.觀察；觀測(cè) observe后接不帶 to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)，在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中，必須加上to。基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空(1)the young man is not honest and he is often observed to_cheat(cheat) at cards.(2)this is a study based on detailed observation(observe) of a group of 20 patients.(3)when i passed his house，i observed him playing(play) in the yard.能力提升高考小作文(4)(2015江蘇高考書面表達(dá))起作用的是遵守規(guī)則的人，遵守秩序來保持我們社會(huì)的有序和正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)是每個(gè)人的職責(zé)。 it is the people who obey the rules that matter. it is everybodys duty to_observe_them_to_keep_our_society_in_order and going on the right track. limitvt.限制；限定 n界限；邊界；限度(經(jīng)典例句)there is a limit to ones life，but no limit to serving the people.一個(gè)人的生命是有限的，但是為人民服務(wù)是無限的。 (1)limit.to.把限制在內(nèi)(2)beyond the limit超過限度within the limits of在范圍內(nèi)set a limit to sth.對(duì)規(guī)定限度there is a/no limit to對(duì)是有限的/無限的(3)limited adj.有限的 (2015全國卷書面表達(dá))the length of the article should be limited to 400 words or so.文章的長度大約限制在400字。but our funds were limited, and none of the houses in our price range seemed satisfactory.但是我們的資金是有限的，在我們的價(jià)格范圍之內(nèi)沒有一所房子是令人滿意的。a lack of formal education will limit your job opportunities.沒有接受過正規(guī)教育會(huì)限制你的就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)。 基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空(1)(2015上海高考)at a time of limited(limit) means of expression, snow was like free art supplies dropped from the sky.(2)(2015湖南高考)in addition, the information about each word in a pocket dictionary is generally limited(limit)(3)ill help as much as i can, but there is a limit to what i can do.能力提升高考小作文(4)(浙江高考書面表達(dá))他出生在一個(gè)貧困家庭，只在童年時(shí)接受過有限的教育。he was born in a poor family, and only received_a_limited_education_in_his_childhood take off脫下(衣、帽、鞋等)；起飛；動(dòng)身，離開； 減去；在(某期間)休假；開始成名(經(jīng)典例句)the plane took off an hour late.飛機(jī)起飛晚了一個(gè)小時(shí)。一詞多義寫出下列句中take off的含義(1)she got a cold as soon as she took off her coat when she got home from work.脫掉(2)its exciting to feel the plane taking off.起飛(3)ive decided to take a few days off.休假(4)bill gates is really a great man，whose career took off in his early thirties.開始成名take away 拿走，帶走；奪去；使離去take back 收回，拿回，認(rèn)錯(cuò)take down拆卸，拆毀；記下，錄下take over接任，接管，接收take up拿起；占據(jù)；對(duì)有興趣；開始從事take in欺騙；理解；吸收take on雇用；呈現(xiàn)；承擔(dān)巧學(xué)活用用適當(dāng)?shù)慕?、副詞填空(1)this type of influence can help an adult take up a good habit or drop a bad one.(2)dont be taken in by products promising to make you lose weight quickly.(3)the young man will take over the company when his father retires.(4)the reporter has taken down what the old man said about the event.(5)(2016江蘇高考單項(xiàng)填空)many businesses started up by college students have taken off thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation. turn up出現(xiàn)，到場(chǎng)；開大(音量等)；被找到，被 發(fā)現(xiàn)；翻起，豎起(教材p25)when i turned up for my first jump i was so nervous that i tried to back out，but my friends persuaded me to go through with it.我第一次站在臺(tái)上緊張得真想退縮下來，但我的朋友們說服了我去克服它。turn down調(diào)??；拒絕turn over 翻轉(zhuǎn)；移交turn out 結(jié)果是；生產(chǎn)；制造；趕走turn off 關(guān)掉turn to 求助于 how could you turn down such a fantastic job when you have been out of work for months？既然你失業(yè)好幾個(gè)月了，你怎么能拒絕這么好的一份工作呢？dont worryim sure it will all turn out fine.別擔(dān)心我敢肯定一切都將會(huì)好起來的。基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)用turn的相關(guān)短語填空(1)(2015天津高考單項(xiàng)填空)tom had to turn_down the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.(2)when the sports hero turned_up at our party, he was welcomed with open arms.(3)to our disappointment, it turned_out that the button didnt work any more.(4)he turned_down my suggestion and turned_over the business to his daughter.能力提升高考小作文(5)(重慶高考書面表達(dá))我主張我們每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該盡最大努力去幫助那些需要幫助的人。 這樣的話我們?cè)谟欣щy時(shí)就有人求助了。 i argue that every one of us should try our best to help those in need.then we can have someone to_turn_to_when_in_trouble get across使理解(某事)；(使)被接受； 橫過(馬路，河等)(教材p25)its difficult to get across how exciting it is!要真正體會(huì)到這是多么令人興奮的事并不容易。get away from 逃離；遠(yuǎn)離；避開get down to開始認(rèn)真處理/對(duì)待，開始做get over克服get through穿過；完成；接通電話；用完 it took me an hour to get across my intention to her.我用了一個(gè)小時(shí)才讓她明白我的意圖。after about