高中英語北師大版（2019）選擇性必修第四冊 Unit 12 Innovation Lesson 1 Scientific Breakthroughs 同步練習(xí) (二)

Unit12InnovationTopicTalk&Lesson1ScientificBreakthroughs——高二英語北師大版（2019）選擇性必修第四冊同步課時(shí)作業(yè)一、填空1.It'sreallyhardtorepairthecarwithsomany_____(break)parts.2.Iremember_____(put)mybookonthetablethismorning.ButIcan'tfinditanywhere.3._____(compete)betweenschoolsforgettingbetterstudentsbecomesmoreandmoreserious.4._____(sudden)aballhitmeonmyheadandIfelldownontheground.5.IliveinHollywood.Youmaythinkpeopleinsuchan_____(attract),fun-filledplacearehappierthanothers.6.Thepriceofthisdressis_____(reason),butIcan'taffordit.7.Trytoact_____(nature),evenifyouaretense.8._____(luck),Peterdidn'tgetthejob.9.Thefirstlessonwasvery_____(enjoy).Ilikeitalot!10.Paintingisa_____(create)process.二、語法填空

Elias,whotellsNelsonMandela'sstory,isacommonblackinSouthAfrica.Everythingmentionedinthestoryistrue.HesupportedANCandwassenttoRobbenIsland,

①_______hestayedfor4years,sufferingalotfromthebeatingsand②_______(cruel)oftheguards.Hethenspent20years③_______(try)togetanotherjob,whichwas④_______verydifficultperiodoftimeinhislife.

Eliasnowtakes⑤_______(tourist)aroundhisformerprisonandhetellsthemhowhe⑥_______(fight)forhisbeliefsinthosedays.AfterheleftRobbenIsland,Eliastriedmanytimes⑦_(dá)______(make)acareerforhimself.Eachtimehe⑧_______(successful)gotajob,thesecretpolicewouldtellhisemployers

histimeinprisonandalwayshe⑨_______(lose)hisjob.

YoucanvisitRobbenIsland,asitisnowamuseumandopen⑩_______visitors.Therearenoprisonsanymore.三、閱讀理解

AccordingtoarecentstudyintheJournalofConsumerResearch,boththesizeandconsumptionhabitsofoureatingcompanionscaninfluenceourfoodintake.Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions(份),it'sthebeanpoleswithbigappetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid.

Totesttheeffectofsocialinfluenceoneatinghabits,theresearchersconductedtwoexperiments.Inthefirst,95undergraduatewomenwereindividuallyinvitedintoalabtoostensibly(表面上)participateinastudyaboutmovieviewership.Beforethefilmbegan,eachwomanwasaskedtohelpherselftoasnack.Anactorhiredbytheresearchersgrabbedherfoodfirst.Inhernaturalstate,theactorweighed105pounds.Butinhalfthecasessheworeaspeciallydesignedfatsuitwhichincreasedherweightto180pounds.

Boththefatandthinversionsoftheactortookalargeamountoffood.Theparticipantsfollowedsuit,takingmorefoodthantheynormallywouldhave.However,theytooksignificantlymorewhentheactorwasthin.

Forthesecondtest,inonecasethethinactortooktwopiecesofcandyfromthesnackbowls.Intheothercase,shetook30pieces.Theresultsweresimilartothefirsttest:theparticipantsfollowedsuitbuttooksignificantlymorecandywhenthethinactortook30pieces.

Thetestsshowthatthesocialenvironmentisextremelyinfluentialwhenwe'remakingdecisions.Ifthisfellowparticipantisgoingtoeatmore,sowillI.Callitthe"I'llhavewhatshe'shaving"effect.However,we'lladjusttheinfluence.Ifanoverweightpersonishavingalargeportion,I'llholdbackabitbecauseIseetheresultsofhiseatinghabits.Butifathinpersoneatsalot,I'llfollowsuit.Ifhecaneatmuchandkeepslim,whycan'tI?1.Whatistherecentstudymainlyabout?

A.Foodsafety. B.Movieviewership.

C.Consumerdemand. D.Eatingbehavior.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"beanpoles"inparagraph1referto?

A.Bigeaters. B.Overweightpersons.

C.Pickyeaters. D.Tallthinpersons.

3.Whydidtheresearchershiretheactor?

A.Toseehowshewouldaffecttheparticipants.

B.Totestiftheparticipantscouldrecognizeher.

C.Tofindoutwhatshewoulddointhetwotests.

D.Tostudywhyshecouldkeepherweightdown.

4.Onwhatbasisdowe"adjusttheinfluence"accordingtothelastparagraph?

A.Howhungryweare. B.Howslimwewanttobe.

C.Howweperceiveothers. D.Howwefeelaboutthefood.

答案解析一、填空1.答案：broken2.答案：putting3.答案：Competition4.答案：Suddenly5.答案：attractive6.答案：reasonable7.答案：naturally8.答案：Unluckily9.答案：enjoyable10.答案：creative二、語法填空答案：where;cruelty;trying;a;tourists;wasfighting/fought;tomake;successfully;wouldlose;to

解析：本文是一篇記敘文,講述了一個(gè)名為Elias的黑人的故事。①考查定語從句。句意:他支持非洲人國民大會,被送到羅賓島,在那里他待了4年,衛(wèi)兵們的毒打和虐待使他吃盡苦頭。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,修飾先行詞RobbenIsland,關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語,故填where。②考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。句意同上題。and連接兩個(gè)并列名詞,形容詞cruel的名詞形式是cruelty。③考查非謂語動詞。句意:后來他花費(fèi)20年試圖尋找另一份工作,那是他人生當(dāng)中非常艱難的一段時(shí)間。spendtime(in)doingsth.意為“花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事”,故填trying。④考查冠詞。句意同上題。aperiodoftime一段時(shí)間,故填a。⑤考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意:Elias現(xiàn)在帶著游客們參觀他之前的監(jiān)獄……。游客不止一個(gè),所以用復(fù)數(shù)tourists。⑥考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意:……他告訴游客們他在那段日子里如何為了信念而奮斗。inthosedays指的是坐牢的口子,跟現(xiàn)在比是過去,所以用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)或者一般過去時(shí),故填wasfighting或者fought。⑦考查非謂語動詞。句意:……Elias為了給自己謀份職業(yè)嘗試了很多次。這里用動詞不定式表示目的,故填tomake。⑧考查副詞。句意:每次他成功地找到一份工作,秘密警察就會告訴雇主他坐過牢,而他總會失去自己的工作。修飾動詞got需要用副詞,故填successfully。⑨考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意同上題。and連接兩個(gè)并列分句thesecretpolicewouldtellhisemployershistimeinprison和alwayshe9(lose)hisjob,這兩個(gè)分句所用的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)該是一致的,前邊的分句用的是wouldtell,所以后邊的分句用wouldlose。⑩考查介詞。此處指現(xiàn)在它是一家博物館,對游客開放。beopento...對……開放。三、閱讀理解答案：1-4.DDAC

解析：1.考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第一段中的內(nèi)容"《消費(fèi)者研究雜志》最近的一項(xiàng)研究表明,我們的飲食同伴的體型和飲食習(xí)慣都會影響我們的食物攝入量,而且要避免同食量大的瘦人一起進(jìn)食"可知,最近的研究主要與飲食行為有關(guān),故D項(xiàng)正確。

2.考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第一段第二句"Andcontrarytoexistingresearchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions