人教版2025年七年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè) Unit 2 No Rules,No Order【單元知識(shí)清單】

Unit2NoRules,NoOrderUnit2重點(diǎn)詞匯1.rule[ru?l]n.規(guī)則；規(guī)章2.order['??d?]n.秩序；命令v.點(diǎn)菜;命令3.follow['f?l??]v.遵循；跟隨4.arrive[?'ra?v]v.到達(dá)5.hallway['h??lwe?]n.走廊；過(guò)道6.uniform['ju?n?f??m]n.校服；制服7.litter['lit?(r)]v.亂扔n.垃圾8.polite[p??la?t]adj.有禮貌的9.treat[tri:t]v.對(duì)待；招待；治療n.款待10.respect[ri'spekt]n.&v.尊敬11.if／if／conj.如果12.jacket[?d??k?t]n．夾克衫；短上衣13.everything['evriθin]pron.每件事；一切14.lend[lend]v.借給；借出15.sweet[swi:t]n.糖果adj.甜的16.snack[sn?k]n.點(diǎn)心；小吃17.mobile[?m??ba?l]adj.可移動(dòng)的18.queue[kju:]n.隊(duì)19.feed[fi:d]v.喂養(yǎng)；飼養(yǎng)20.leave[li:v]v.離開(kāi)；留下21.absent[??bs?nt]adj.缺席的；不在的22.shh[f](=sh)interj.噓（用以讓別人安靜下來(lái)）23.quietly['kwa??tli]adv.輕聲地；安靜地24.belt[belt]n.安全帶；腰帶；皮帶25.noise['n??z]adj.吵鬧的n.聲音；噪聲26.unhappy[?n?h?pi]adj.不快樂(lè)的27.Dr（＝doctor）博士；醫(yī)生28.either['a?e?(r);'i:e?(r)]adv.也（用于否定詞組后）29.practise[?pr?kt?s]v.訓(xùn)練；練習(xí)30.hang[h??]v.懸掛31.weekday[?wi?kde?]n.工作日（星期一至星期五的任何一天）32.awful[???fl]adj.糟糕的；討厭的33.become[b??k?m]v.變成；成為34.better[?bet?(r)]adj.較好的adv.較好地35.person[?p??sn]n．人36.focus[?f??k?s]v.集中（注意力、精力等）；聚焦37.build[bild]v.創(chuàng)建；建造38.spirit['spirit]n.精神；情緒39.relax[r?'l?ks]v.放松；休息40.advice[?d'vais]n.建議；意見(jiàn)41.understand[??nd??st?nd]v.理解；領(lǐng)會(huì)42.untidy[?n?ta?di]adj.不整潔的重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)1.belatefor遲到2.ontime準(zhǔn)時(shí)3.inclass在課堂上4.putupyourhand舉手5.keep+形容詞保持...6.bepolite有禮貌7.wanttodosth.想要做某事8.haveto不得不9.followrules遵守規(guī)則10.ontime準(zhǔn)時(shí)11.begoodfor...對(duì)有好處12.raiseone’shand舉手13.keeptherules遵守規(guī)則14.havefun玩得開(kāi)心15.wouldyoulike...想要16.lendsth.tosb.=lendsb.sth.把某物借給某人17.ofcourse當(dāng)然18.answerthephone接電話(huà)19.bringto帶來(lái)20.mobilephone移動(dòng)電話(huà)21.turnoff關(guān)掉22.thanksfor...因而感謝23.jumpthequeue插隊(duì)24.talkquietly小聲講話(huà)25.waitfor等待26.beabsentfrom缺席27.puton穿上28.keepquiet保持安靜29.makenoise制造噪音30.toomany太多31.makesb’s/thebed整理床鋪32.weartheuniform穿校服33.finishone’shomework完成作業(yè)34.onweekdays在工作日35.needtodosth.需要去做某事36.hangout閑逛，常去某處37.focuson集中（注意力、精力等）于38.buildschoolspirit建立校風(fēng)39.maketheworldbetter讓世界變得更好40.thinkabout思考，考慮41.geton/alongwellwithsb.和某人好好相處42.takecareof...=lookafter...照顧43.achievethegoal實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)44.bekindtoourclassmates善待我們的同學(xué)典型句型1.Weartheschooluniform.穿校服。2.Don’tlitter.Keepyourschoolcleanandtidy.不要亂扔垃圾，保持你的學(xué)校干凈整潔。3.Bepoliteandtreateveryonewithrespect.禮貌待人，尊重他人。4.Putupyourhandifyouwanttoaskyourteacher.如果你想問(wèn)老師問(wèn)題，請(qǐng)舉手。5.—Can’tMaryruninthehallway?瑪麗能在走廊里跑嗎？—No,shecan’t.Shehastowalkinthehallway.不，她不能，她只能在走廊里走。6.Wecan’tbringourmobilephonestoclass.我們不能帶手機(jī)去上課。7.Wehavetoturnthemoffandputtheminourlockers.我們必須關(guān)機(jī)，把它們放在我們的儲(chǔ)物柜里。8.WhyisthedayspecialforTom?為什么這一天對(duì)湯姆來(lái)說(shuō)是特別的。9.Whydoesn’tAnnetakeasweetfromTom?為什么安妮不從湯姆那里拿走糖果。10.Don’tjumpinqueue.Youmustwaitforyourturn.不要插隊(duì)，你必須等到輪到你。11.Youmusttellyourteacheraboutitwhenyouhavetobeabsentfromclass.你缺席的時(shí)候必須要告訴你的老師這件事。12.IhavetohurrytoschoolbecauseIcan’tbelateforschool.我必須趕緊去學(xué)校，因?yàn)槲也荒苌蠈W(xué)遲到。13.IcanonlyplaybasketballafterIpractisethepiano.我只有練完鋼琴才能打籃球。14.Iknowsomerulesareimportant,butthisisawful.我知道有一些規(guī)則很重要，但是這個(gè)太糟糕了。15.Theycanhelpyoutobecomeabetterperson.規(guī)則可以幫助你成為一個(gè)更好的人。16.Youcan’tuseyourphoneinclassbecauseyouneedtofocusonlearning.你不能在課堂上使用手機(jī)，因?yàn)槟阈枰獙?zhuān)注于學(xué)習(xí)。17.Youhavetowearauniformbecauseitbuildsschoolspirit.你必須穿校服，因?yàn)樗芙⑿ｏL(fēng)。18.Andyoucanhangoutwithfriendsatweekends!周末你可以和朋友出去玩！19.Rulescanhelptomaketheworldbetter.規(guī)則可以幫助世界變得更好。20.Iknowitcanbedifficulttofollowmanyrules,butrulescanbegoodforus.我知道遵守這么多規(guī)則可能很困難，但規(guī)則對(duì)我們有好處。語(yǔ)言目標(biāo)掌握祈使句的用法以及使用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can,haveto和must來(lái)討論規(guī)則?！究键c(diǎn)1】Don’tbelateforclass.Arriveontime.上課不要遲到。準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)?！驹斀狻縿?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)belatefor意為“遲到”，側(cè)重于狀態(tài)；同義短語(yǔ)arrivelatefor則側(cè)重到達(dá)的時(shí)間晚例如：arrivelateforclass/school.=belateforclass/school.上課/上學(xué)遲到【拓展1】arrive意為“到達(dá)”。arriveat+小地點(diǎn)，arrivein+大地點(diǎn)。例如：IwillarriveinBeijingnextweek.我下周到北京。Iarrivedatthesmallvillageonacoldmorning.在一個(gè)寒冷的早晨我到達(dá)了那個(gè)小村莊。注意：arrive后面跟地點(diǎn)副詞here,there,home時(shí)，不需要跟介詞。如：arrivehome到家arrivehere到這兒辨析：arrive,reach與get的區(qū)別①arriveat+小地點(diǎn)，arrivein+大地點(diǎn)。②get

to

+

地點(diǎn)（名詞）③reach

+

地點(diǎn)（名詞）【拓展2】辨析ontime與intimeontime準(zhǔn)時(shí)(在規(guī)定的時(shí)間之內(nèi))表示動(dòng)作在規(guī)定時(shí)間內(nèi)或比規(guī)定時(shí)間提前發(fā)生。intime及時(shí)(恰在時(shí)間點(diǎn)上)強(qiáng)調(diào)與某個(gè)時(shí)刻一致。和time有關(guān)的短語(yǔ)：attimes有時(shí)atthesametime同時(shí)fromtimetotime不時(shí)allthetime一直【典例】1.MrBrownarrived________airportyesterday.（用at或者in填空）2.LiMingarrives_______Beijingwithhisparents.（用at或者in填空）()3.—IsyourSamalreadyinLondon?—Notyet,Ithink.He’llgivemeacallassoonashe_____.A.willarrive B.gets C.arrives D.reaches4.王先生要到倫敦。（同義句轉(zhuǎn)換）MrWangwill____________London.=MrWangwill____________London.=MrWangwill______London.()5.Shedidn’tcatchthebus______time，soshecouldn’tarrivethere______time.A.on;in B.in;on C.in;in D.on;on【考點(diǎn)2】Don’tlitter.Keepyourschoolcleanandtidy.不要亂扔垃圾，保持你的學(xué)校干凈整潔?！驹斀狻俊発eep+sb./sth.+形容詞”表示“使某人或者某物保持某種狀態(tài)”。此句式中的keep是動(dòng)詞，意為“保留，保存，保持”。例句：Toomuchworkkeepsmebusyandtired.太多的工作讓我忙碌而且疲憊。Wemustkeeptheclassclean.我們必須保持教室干凈?！就卣埂縦eep常見(jiàn)的其他用法1）“keep+形容詞”，意為“保持某種狀態(tài)”。例如：Keepquiet,please!請(qǐng)保持安靜!2）“keepsb.doingsth.”表示“讓某人繼續(xù)/不斷地做某事”。Theteacherkeptthestudentsreadingthewords.【典例】（）1.—Howdoesyourgrandpa____healthy?—Heeatswellandexerciseseveryday.

A.make

B.leave

C.find

D.keep（）2.Pleasekeepyoureye_____. A.close B.closed C.closingD.toclose3.Hekeeps________(stand)atthedoor.4.Ikeephim_________(wait)for2hours.【考點(diǎn)3】Bepoliteandtreateveryonewithrespect.禮貌待人，尊重他人。【詳解1】polite是形容詞,意為“有禮貌的”,其反義詞是impolite,意為“不禮貌的”。

politely是副詞,意為“有禮貌地”,其反義詞是impolitely,意為“不禮貌地”。常用搭配：bepolitetosb.對(duì)某人有禮貌。

【詳解2】treat的用法：1．作為動(dòng)詞：對(duì)待、治療、款待、處理；2．作為名詞：款待、治療；3．固定搭配：①treatsbtosth請(qǐng)某人吃或喝某物例句：Itreatedmyfriendstoicecream.我請(qǐng)朋友們吃了冰淇淋。②treatsb/sthas把某人/某物當(dāng)作...其含義相當(dāng)于regard…as…例句：Theteachertreathisstudentsashisson.老師把學(xué)生當(dāng)作自己的兒子來(lái)看待。③treatsbforsth.為某人治療...例句：Thedoctortreatedhimforaheadache.醫(yī)生為他治療了頭痛。④treatsbwithsth“以……方式對(duì)待某人”,跟隨的是情感類(lèi)的名詞,如kindness,respect等。例句：Weshouldtreatotherswithkindness.我們應(yīng)該友善待人。【拓展】萬(wàn)圣夜的主要活動(dòng)之一：Trickortreat（不給糖就搗亂），是指萬(wàn)圣節(jié)孩子們挨家逐戶(hù)要糖果等禮物,如不遂愿便惡作劇一番的風(fēng)俗。【典例】（）1．It’spolite________thankyouwhensomeonehelpsyou.A．say B．tosay C．saying D．said（）2．—IthinkLiLeiisa________boy.

—Iagreewithyou.Healwaysspeakstoothers________.A．polite;politely B．polite;polite C．politely;politely D．politely;polite（）3．Youshouldtreathimmore________.A．polite B．politely C．impolitely D．impolite（）4．Afterawholeday’shardwork,Itreatmyself_______someicecream.A．to B．in C．on D．for（）5．Scroogenowtreatseveryonewith________,spreadingloveandjoyeverywherehegoes.A．warmth B．warmly C．warmD.warms（）6．Mr.Liisakindteacher,buthetreatsus________inourstudy.A．politely B．friendly C．strictly D．lively（）7．Afterhersondiedinanaccident,theoldwomantreatedherdog______herson．A．for B．like C．from D．a(chǎn)s（）8．Childrenplay“_______”onthepeopleatHalloween.A．trickortreat B．rightorwrong C．comeorgo D．upordown9．Itis(polite)tospeakloudlywhileeating.10．Ourteacheralwaystellsustotalktotheold(polite).【考點(diǎn)4】Shehastoweartheschooluniform.她必須穿校服。Hemustkeeptheschoolclean.他必須保持學(xué)校干凈?！驹斀?】haveto意思是"必須、不得不"表示客觀上的需要,后接動(dòng)詞原形,有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化。結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+haveto+動(dòng)詞原形+其他主語(yǔ)是第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)時(shí)主語(yǔ)+hasto+動(dòng)詞原形+其他[來(lái)源:學(xué)&科&網(wǎng)]否定形式:主語(yǔ)+don't/doesn'thaveto+動(dòng)詞原形+其他主語(yǔ)+doesn'thaveto+動(dòng)詞原形+其他一般疑問(wèn)句:Do或Does+主語(yǔ)+haveto+動(dòng)詞原形+其他?例如：Doyouhavetostayathomeonweekends?周末你必須呆在家里嗎Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.是的,我必須。/不,我不必。【拓展】must和haveto強(qiáng)調(diào)重點(diǎn)不同：兩者都表示“必須”，must側(cè)重于說(shuō)話(huà)者的主觀看法，認(rèn)為有必要或有義務(wù)去做某事，沒(méi)有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化；否定為mustn’t意思為“不準(zhǔn)”；haveto則重于客觀需要，含有“不得不”或“被迫”之意?！镜淅浚ǎ?.He_____tolookafterhislittlesisterbecausehismothergoesout.A.mustB.haveC.hasD.had2.Mikehastocleanhisbedroomathome.(改為否定句)Mike________________________cleanhisbedroomathome.

3.Youmustdoyourhomeworkeveryday.(改為同義句)You________________doyourhomeworkeveryday.

4.Hehastogetupbefore6:10everymorning.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句,并作肯定回答)—________he________________getupbefore6:10everymorning?

—________,he________.

5.Theyhavetowashtheirhandsbeforemeals.(對(duì)畫(huà)線部分提問(wèn))

________________they________________________beforemeals?

【詳解2】辨析：1）wear是動(dòng)詞，它的意思是“穿”，它表示狀態(tài)。例如：MyfatherwearsaT-shirttoday.我爸爸今天穿著T恤衫。2）puton的意思是“穿上、戴上”，它表示動(dòng)作。例如：It’scoldoutside,putonyourcoatplease.外面非常冷，請(qǐng)穿上你的大衣。3）dress作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，表示“為……穿衣”后接反身代詞或人，也可以不接賓語(yǔ)。例如：Canyoudressthebabyforme?你能幫我給孩子穿衣服嗎？4）in表示穿著的狀態(tài)，后接顏色或服裝。例如：Thegirlinredismysister.穿紅衣服的女孩是我姐姐。【典例】（）1.Theboy____glassesismycousin.He____aredT-shirtandapairofbluejeans.

A.in;wears

B.with;wears

C.wears;in

D.wears;with2.她正穿著一件新裙子。She________________anewskirt.3.請(qǐng)穿上你的外套。Please________________yourcoat.4.那個(gè)穿藍(lán)色衣服的男孩是我的弟弟。Theboy________________ismybrother.5.她每天早上給她的弟弟穿衣服。She________________littlebrothereverymorning.【考點(diǎn)5】Icanlendyoumypen.我可以借我的筆給你。【詳解】lend意為“借出去”，表示的是把自己的東西借給別人?！就卣埂勘嫖鰈end,borrow與keeplend借出非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，表示主語(yǔ)把東西借給別人常用結(jié)構(gòu)：lendsb.sth.或lendsth.tosb.①Canyoulendmeyourpen?你能借你的筆給我嗎？②Youmustn’tlendittoothers.你不準(zhǔn)把它借給別人。borrow借入[來(lái)源:學(xué)ZXXK]非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，表示主語(yǔ)向別人借東西常用結(jié)構(gòu)：borrowsth.fromsb.①CanIborrowyourbook？我可以借你的嗎？②Iwanttoborrowabookfromyou.我想從你那借一本書(shū)。keep借(多久)[來(lái)源:xx_k.延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，表示＂借某物多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間＂，與表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。表示借了某物多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，可以和時(shí)間段以及howlong搭配—HowlongcanIkeepthebook?我可以借這本書(shū)多久？—Twoweeks.兩個(gè)星期?！緢D解助記】【典例】1.—CanI_______yourcomputer?—Sorry,I'musingit,Ican't_______ittoyou.A.lend;lend B.borrow;lendC.borrow;borrow D.lend;borrow2.IthinkIcanlendmycomputer_______you.A.to B.for C.with D.and3.—HowlongmayI_______thedictionary?—For2weeks.A.borrow B.lend C.keep D.buy【考點(diǎn)6】Wouldyoulikeasweet?你想吃甜食嗎？【詳解】would為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，無(wú)人稱(chēng)，數(shù)變化，可以縮寫(xiě)成’d如：I’d=Iwouldyou’d=youwouldhe’d=hewould▲wouldlike的常用句型：（1）wouldlikesth.想要某物（2）—Wouldyoulikesome…?你想要一些……嗎？（征求意見(jiàn)）—Yes,please.是的，請(qǐng)（肯定回答）/—No,thanks.不，謝謝（否定回答）（3）wouldliketodosth.“想要做某事”。=wantsb.todosth想要某人去做某事；（4）Wouldyouliketodo…?你愿意去做……嗎？（征求意見(jiàn)）肯定回答:Yes,I’dlike/loveto.是的，我愿意否定回答，委婉拒絕:I’dlike/loveto.ButI’mtoobusy.或者是IhavetostudyforatestI’mafraidnot（我恐怕不能）,Ihavetodomyhomework.（5）wouldlikesbtodosth“想要某人做某事”。（6）wouldlike比want/feellikedoingsth.（想要做某事）更委婉、更正式,注意：（1）wouldlike構(gòu)成的問(wèn)句表示委婉語(yǔ)氣，some不用變成any。（2）疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，記得把人稱(chēng)放wouldlike中間。【典例】()1.—Wouldyoulike________tomyparty?—Yes,I’dlovee B．coming C．tocoming D．tocome()2.—Wouldyoulikesome?—Oh,yes,justalittle.A.applesB.carrotsC.cakesD.mutton()3.—Wouldyoulikesomeorangejuice?—.I’mverythirsty(口渴的).A.No,thanksB.Yes,pleaseC.Yes,IwouldD.That’sOK4.Wouldyoulike___________（have）somebeef?5.Whatwouldhelike___________（eat）?6.Tomfeelslike__________（buy）somecandiesinthesupermarket.【考點(diǎn)7】Wecan’tbringourmobilephonetoclass.我們不能帶手機(jī)去上課。【詳解】bring作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“帶來(lái)；取來(lái)”，經(jīng)常與介詞to或with連用。常用搭配：bringsb./sth.to...意為“把某人／某物帶到···...”；bringsb./sth.withsb.意為“某人帶著／帶來(lái)某人／某物”。例如：Tom,pleaseremembertobringyourfootballtoschool.湯姆，請(qǐng)記得把你的足球帶到學(xué)校來(lái)。Thegirlbringsaflowerwithher.這個(gè)女孩帶著一朵花?！就卣埂縝ring、take、carry、fetch和get的用法區(qū)別bring帶來(lái)；拿來(lái)指把人或物從別處帶到說(shuō)話(huà)人所在的地方，多與here連用。take帶走；拿走指把人或物從說(shuō)話(huà)人所在地帶到別處去，多與there連用。carry搬運(yùn)無(wú)方向性，含＂負(fù)重＂之意，一般指隨身攜帶，如手提、肩扛等。fetch去拿來(lái)指從說(shuō)話(huà)者所在地到別處去把人或物帶回來(lái)。get去拿來(lái)get與fetch同義，但更口語(yǔ)化。【圖解助記】【典例】一、單項(xiàng)選擇()1.—Canyou________yourhomeworktoschooltomorrow，Dale?—OK，MissWang.A．take B．bringC．wantD．put()2.—Jack,remember________yourumbrellawithyouanddon’tforget________ithome.—OK,Mom.A．taking;bringing B．take;bring C．tobring;totake D．totake;tobring()3.—It’sraining,Daisy.Please________anumbrella(雨傘)withyou.—Thanks.A．totakeB．take C．tobring D．bring()4.ThebagissoheavythatIcan’t_______it.A．take B．bring C．carry D．pass()5.Please________theoldboxoutand________thenewonehere.A．bring,take B．take,carry C．bring,carry D．take,bring二、選詞填空用bring，take，carry，fetch和get的適當(dāng)形式填空1．Canyouthephototoschooltomorrow?2．You'dbetteryourraincoatwithyou.3．Youcanmesomemoneyfrommymother.4．Hehelpedmeabagofbooksthismorning.【考點(diǎn)8】Wehavetoturnthemoffandputtheminourlockers.我們必須關(guān)機(jī)，把它們放在我們的儲(chǔ)物柜里?！驹斀狻縯urnoff“關(guān)掉”，指將設(shè)備或開(kāi)關(guān)從開(kāi)啟狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殛P(guān)閉狀態(tài)?！就卣埂勘嫖鰐urnon，turnoff，turnup和turndownturnon與turnoff相對(duì)應(yīng)：turnup與turndown相對(duì)應(yīng)。其中on，off，up，down均為副詞，當(dāng)代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)置于動(dòng)詞和副詞之間?！飔urnon表示“打開(kāi)”，常指開(kāi)燈或打開(kāi)家用電器。★turnoff表示“關(guān)掉”，常指關(guān)掉自來(lái)水、電燈以及家用電器等?！飔urnup表示“開(kāi)大，調(diào)高”，常指調(diào)高（電器等）音量、★turndown表示“關(guān)小，調(diào)低”，常指調(diào)低（電器等）音量?！飔urndown表示“拒絕”，一般指拒絕邀請(qǐng)?！镜淅恳弧雾?xiàng)選擇1．Thelightison.Whenyouleave,please.A．turnitdown B．turnitup C．turnitoff D．turniton2．TheTVistoonoisy.Couldyouplease__________alittle?A．turnupit B．turnitup C．turndownit D．turnitdown3．It’stimeforChineseCooking.Please_____theTV.A．turnoff B．turnon C．turndown D．turnup4．Annadoesn'tlikeJeff，soitispossibleforherto________hisinvitation.A．turnoff B．turndown C．turnon D．turnup5．CanI________theTV,Dad?Iwanttowatchthesportsnews.A．turnoff B．turnon C．turndown D．turnup6．I’mreadingnow.Pleasetellhim___________theTVabit.A．turnup B．turnoffC．toturndown D．toturnon二、選詞填空選擇方框內(nèi)的詞組填空。turnon,turnoff,turndown,turnup1．Pleaseremembertothelightswhenyouleave.2．Mylittlebabyissleeping.Pleasethemusic.3．It’sdarknow.Pleasethelight.4．Ican’theartheTV’ssound.PleasetheTV.【考點(diǎn)9】That’sanotherrule.這是另一條規(guī)則。【詳解】another指不定數(shù)目（三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上）中的“另一個(gè)；又一個(gè)”，用來(lái)代替或修飾單數(shù)名詞。例如：Wouldyoulikeanothercupoftea?你想再來(lái)一杯茶嗎【拓展】辨析other,others,theother,theothers和anotherother意為：“其他的”；后要接名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式；anyother+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)：其他的任何一個(gè)……例句：他比我們班上任何一名學(xué)生都要高。Heistallerthan______________studentsinourclass.Heistallerthan______________otherstudentinourclass.others=other+復(fù)數(shù)名詞泛指其他人或物，others后不接名詞；some...others...一些…另一些…例句：有一些學(xué)生喜歡下棋，一些喜歡畫(huà)畫(huà)，還有一些喜歡閱讀。Somestudentslikechess,somelikepainting,while________likereading.theother表“兩者中的另一個(gè)”，一般不接名詞，省略。one...theother...一個(gè)……另一個(gè)……例句：我有兩個(gè)哥哥。一個(gè)是醫(yī)生，另一個(gè)是工程師。Ihavetwobrothers.________isadoctor,_______________isanengineer.theothers指：“其余的（幾個(gè)，一些）”，后不接名詞。我們班上除了兩個(gè)學(xué)生考試沒(méi)通過(guò)外，其他的都通過(guò)了。Onlytwostudentsinmyclassfailedintheexamination,_______________allpassed(通過(guò))it.another指三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的“另一、再一”;一般后接名詞“another+基數(shù)詞＋名詞”==“基數(shù)詞＋more+名詞”(基數(shù)詞：one,two,three,four)例句：我不喜歡這件襯衫，請(qǐng)給我拿另外一件。Idon’tlikethisblouse,pleasegiveme______________one.我還需要兩張椅子。Ineed___________desks.=Ineed__________desk.【典例】一、單項(xiàng)選擇()1.Theyhavetwodaughters,oneisababy,___________isagirlof12.A．other B．theother C．oneother D．a(chǎn)nother()2.Wouldyouliketohave________glassofmilk?A．a(chǎn)nother B．theothers C．others D．other()3.Thesupermarketison_____sideofthestreet.

A.otherB.anotherC.theotherD.others

()4.Tom,youshouldknowhowtogetonwellwith_____.

A.anotherB.othersC.theotherD.other

()5.Somepeopleliketorestintheirfreetime,______liketotravel.

A.otherB.theothersC.othersD.another()6.Ihavesixcolouredpencils:oneisblue,anotherisred,and_____aregreen.

A.othersB.anotherC.othersD.theothers二、選用所給的不定代詞填空other,theother,others,theothers,another1.What_______thingscanyouseeinthepicture.

2.Ihavetwopens.Oneisred,_______isblack.

3.Thereareonlyfivestudentsintheclassroom.Whatare_______?

4.Therearealotofpeopleinthepark.Somearewalking,somearelookingattheflowers,someare

boating,_______arerunning.

5.Thejacketistoosmallforme.Wouldyoushowme_______one?【考點(diǎn)10】Youmustraiseyourhandfirst.你必須先舉手。【詳解】raise是及物動(dòng)詞，表示“舉起”，后面要直接跟賓語(yǔ)。此外，raise還有“飼養(yǎng)、供養(yǎng)，籌集”的意思。例句：Ifyouhaveanyquestions,raiseyourhands.如果你有問(wèn)題，請(qǐng)舉手。Theirfamilyraisedabigdog.他們家養(yǎng)了一條大狗。raisemoneyfor為…籌錢(qián)【拓展】rise為不及物動(dòng)詞，后面要帶上介詞后才能加賓語(yǔ)，。指依次上升，如自然界的日、月、星、霧、云的上升，人體從睡、跪、坐、躺等姿勢(shì)站立起來(lái)等。例句：Pricesriseeverydayinthosecountries.在那些國(guó)家物價(jià)天天上漲。Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.太陽(yáng)東升西落?！镜淅浚ǎ?．Ifyou________something,youmoveithigher.A．rise B．raise C．willrise D．willraise（）2．Thesunis________.It’stimeto________theflag.A．raising…rise B．raising…raise C．rising…raise D．rising…rise（）3．Thosewhowanttosaysomethingmore_______yourhandsand_______tospeak.A．rise;raise B．raise;rise C．rise;rise D．raise;raise（）4．We________ourheadstowatchthesun________overthebridge.A．rise;rise B．raise;raises C．rise;raises D．raise;rise（）5．Earlytobedandearly________isagoodhabit.A．toraise B．torise C．raise D．rise【考點(diǎn)11】Therearetoomanyrulesinmylife.在我的生活中有很多規(guī)則?！驹斀狻啃稳菰~短語(yǔ)toomany意為“太多”，后跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)?！就卣埂勘嫖鰐oomany,toomuch和muchtoo的用法短語(yǔ)含義用法toomany太多形容詞短語(yǔ)，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)toomuch太多形容詞短語(yǔ)，修飾不可數(shù)名詞muchtoo太，非常副詞短語(yǔ)，修飾副詞或形容詞注意：沒(méi)有manytoo的表達(dá)【典例】1．Heeats________food,soheis________fat.A．muchtoo;toomuch B．toomuch;muchtoo C．muchtoo;toomany|2．Thechildrenhave________homeworktodoeveryday.A．manytoo B．toomany C．muchtoo D．toomuch3．Alltheschoolshave________rules.A．manytoo B．toomuch C．toomany D．muchtoo4.用toomuch,toomany或者muchtoo填空。1）.Therearetreesinourschool.2）.It’shottoday.3）.Don’teatjunkfood.It’sbadforyourhealth.【考點(diǎn)12】WhenI’minschool,Imustn’tusethephone.Inclasseither.當(dāng)我在學(xué)校的時(shí)候，我不能用電話(huà)。在課堂上也是?！驹斀狻縠ither在本句子中作副詞，意為“也（不）”。either作為連詞構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)“either…or…”表示“要么要么;或者或者”的意思?！就卣埂勘嫖鰁ither,too和also的用法。易混詞意義及用法either“也”，用于否定句中，置于句末，可以用“，”隔開(kāi)，也可以不用。too“也”，用于肯定句句末，用“，”隔開(kāi)also“也”，用于肯定句句中，置于系動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前例如：Thegirlcan’tplaytheguitar,either.Ilikedancing,too.IalsolikeEnglish.【典例】（）1．Idon’tlikehistory.Andmybestfrienddoesn’tlikeit,_________.A．too B．a(chǎn)lso C．either D．well（）2．She_______chattingwithherfriendsafterschool.A．toolikes B．a(chǎn)lsolikesC．eitherlikes D．likesalso（）3．Iamenjoyingsports,______.A．a(chǎn)swellasB．a(chǎn)lso C．too D．either【考點(diǎn)13】IcanonlyplaybasketballafterIpractisethepiano.我只有練完鋼琴才能打籃球?！驹斀狻縫ractise作動(dòng)詞，意為“訓(xùn)練；練習(xí)”。其后可跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。常用搭配“practise(doing)sth.練習(xí)（做）某事”。例如：WecanseeDavepractise(playing)thepiano.【拓展】practice可以作動(dòng)詞或名詞，意為“練習(xí)”。作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，和practise的用法一致。作名詞時(shí)，常做不可數(shù)名詞。例如：Let’sdosomepractice.Practicemakesperfect.熟能生巧【典例】（）1.—Whatdoyouusuallydointhemorning?—Ioftenpractice________English.A．speak B．tospeak C．speaking（）2.Youneedmore_______ifyouwanttodobetterinplayingthepiano.A.lesson B.money C.practice D.play【考點(diǎn)14】Youcan’tuseyourphoneinclassbecauseyouneedtofocusonlearning.你不能在課堂上使用手機(jī)，因?yàn)槟阈枰獙?zhuān)注于學(xué)習(xí)?！驹斀?】need此處作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，意為“需要”，后面可以跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞不定式等作賓語(yǔ)。在句子中有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化。例句：Ineedahat.我需要一頂帽子。Where’shispen?Heneedsit.他的鋼筆在哪里？他需要它。Weneedtoeathealthyfood.我們需要吃健康的食物。拓展句型：Thereisnoneedtodosth.沒(méi)有必要做某事?！就卣埂縩eed還可用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，意為“需要”，用法如下：1)沒(méi)有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化，后接動(dòng)詞原形。2)可用于肯定句、否定句和疑問(wèn)句中。3)其否定形式為needn’t，意為“不需要；沒(méi)必要”。4)need引導(dǎo)一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，肯定回答是：“Yes,主語(yǔ)（人稱(chēng)代詞主格）+must.”；否定回答是：“No，主語(yǔ)（人稱(chēng)代詞主格）+needn’t.”。例如：—Needhedohishomeworkfirst?他需要先做作業(yè)嗎？—Yes,hemust./No,heneedn’t.是的，他需要（先做作業(yè)）。/不，他不需要（先做作業(yè)）【典例】（）1．IneedAmy________me.A．help B．helps C．helping D．tohelp（）2．Wehavemanyeggsinthefridge.You________buyanymore.A．don’tneed B．needn’tto C．don’tneedto D．needto（）3．You________worry.Wewillhelpyoudealwiththeproblem.A．needn’t B．don’tneed C．neednotto D．doesn’tneedto（）4．Heneeds________adictionaryinthestore.A．tobuy B．buying C．buys D．a(chǎn)ndbuy（）5．Granny______glasseswhenshereadsnewspapers.A．doesn’tneed B．needC．doesn’tneedto D．needn’t（）6．Sheisonlyachild,sothereisnoneed________hersomuchstress.A．give B．giving C．togive【考點(diǎn)15】Remember:Norules,noorder!記?。簺](méi)有規(guī)則就沒(méi)有秩序！【詳解1】remember是及物動(dòng)詞，意為“記住，記起”；其反義詞是forget，意為“忘記”。remember后可接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)詞-ing或動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)，本句中remember后面的句子作其賓語(yǔ)。例如：Ican’trememberhistelephonenumber.我記不得他的電話(huà)號(hào)碼了。【比較記憶】remembertodosth.與rememberdoingsthremembertodosth.記得要去做某事，說(shuō)明事情還沒(méi)有做，相當(dāng)于don’tforgettodosth.rememberdoingsth記得做過(guò)某事，說(shuō)明事情已經(jīng)做過(guò)【典例】()1.Remember______offthelightswhenyouleavetheroom,please.A.toturn B.turning C.turnD.turns()2．Iremember________heratapartyonce（曾經(jīng)）,butIdon’tknowhername.A．meeting B．tomeet C．met D．meet()3．Oh,thedoorisopen.ButIremember________ityesterday.A．closeB．toclose C．closing D．closed【詳解2】“No＋名詞”是一個(gè)常見(jiàn)的英語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)，通常用于否定句中，表示某物或某事不存在或沒(méi)有。以下是這種結(jié)構(gòu)的一些常見(jiàn)用法：1．No＋名詞表示否定或缺乏例如：Nomoney沒(méi)有錢(qián)Notime沒(méi)有時(shí)間，Noproblem沒(méi)問(wèn)題2．No＋名詞表示禁止或不允許例如：Nosmoking禁止吸煙。3．No＋名詞表示拒絕或不同意：例如：Noway絕對(duì)不【詳解3】1.rulen.規(guī)則；規(guī)章v.統(tǒng)治ruler意為：統(tǒng)治者；格尺固定搭配：followtherules遵守規(guī)則againsttherules違反規(guī)則2.order①n.順序;點(diǎn)餐；訂購(gòu)keeporder維持秩序ingood/badorder有/無(wú)條理takeone’sorder點(diǎn)菜makeanorder下單②v.命令；點(diǎn)餐；訂購(gòu)ordersb.todosth.命令某人做某事。③拓展固定搭配：inordertodosth.目的是做某事；為了做某事。inorderthat=sothat+目的狀語(yǔ)從句目的是...；為了...例句：MayItakeyourorder,sir?先生，我可以請(qǐng)您點(diǎn)菜了嗎？Hegetsupearlyeverymorninginordertocatchthebus.為了趕上那輛公交車(chē)，他每天起得很早。=Hegetsupearlyeverymorninginorderthathecancatchthebus.【典例】()1.Youmustn’tworkinthelabbyyourself.It’s________therules.A．for B．a(chǎn)gainst C．with D．to()2.Everyoneshouldalways________trafficrules.A．follow B．keep C．protect D.ask()3.Welivewithourgrandparents________takegoodcareofthem.A．inorderto B．inorderthat C．inorder D．intheorder()4.Thepoliceorderedthem________rightthere.A．wait B．towait C．waiting D．waited()5.Steveturnsoffhisphonebeforereading________hecanfocusbetteronthestorylater.A．evenif B．inorderthat C．nowthat D．a(chǎn)ssoonas()6.Shoppingismucheasierforus.Nowwecanmake________orderonthephone.A．a(chǎn)n B．a(chǎn) C．the D．不填()7.Heworkshard________hecangetgoodgradesintheexam.A．inorder B．inorderto C．sothat D．suchthat()8.Wewillplantmoretreesinorderthatwecanimproveourenvironment.A．sothat B．inorderto【考點(diǎn)16】Dr.Know’sadvice【詳解】advice意為：建議；意見(jiàn)（不可數(shù)名詞）常用搭配：apieceofadvice一條建議givesb.someadvice給某人提一些建議take/followone’sadvice接受某人的建議asksb.forsomeadvice向某人征求意見(jiàn)【拓展】advise建議（動(dòng)詞）常用搭配：①advisesb.todosth.建議某人做某事。例句：Mymotheradvisesmetostudyhard.我媽媽建議我要努力學(xué)習(xí)。②advisesb.nottodosth.建議某人不要做某事。例句：Iadvisehimnotplayinthestreet.我建議他不要在街上玩。【近義詞】suggestv.建議；暗示→suggestionn.建議（可數(shù)）【典例】()1.Ourteacheralwaysgivesus________whenwehaveproblems.A．a(chǎn)nadvice B．a(chǎn)nadvise C．someadvice D．someadvices()2.Myparentsadviseme________thechessclub.ButIdon’tlikeit.A．join B．joining C．tojoin D．joined()3.Myparents________thatItakemyteacher’s________.A．a(chǎn)dvice;advise B．a(chǎn)dvise;advice C．a(chǎn)dvices;advises D．a(chǎn)dvises;advices()4.Ithinkitis________goodadvice,andit’sreally________usefulsuggestion.A．a(chǎn);an B．/;a C．a(chǎn);a D．/;an()5.MrsSmartgaveus________onhowtolearnEnglishwell.A．someadvices B．somesuggestion C．a(chǎn)pieceofadvice D．a(chǎn)pieceofsuggestion6．Letmegiveyousome________(suggest)and________(advise)aboutlearningEnglish.（一）祈使句（1）定義:用來(lái)表示請(qǐng)求、命令、建議、號(hào)召、警告等的句子。說(shuō)話(huà)的對(duì)象大多為第二人稱(chēng)you，且常被省略。句末用感嘆號(hào)或句號(hào)，讀時(shí)用降調(diào)。為了表示客氣，常用please一詞。（2）構(gòu)成：祈使句分為肯定祈使句和否定祈使句。1)肯定祈使句Do型動(dòng)詞原形+賓語(yǔ)+其他Listentotheteachercarefully!Be型Be+表語(yǔ)（名詞/形容詞）+其他Becareful!/Beagoodman.Let型Let+賓語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他Letmehelpyou.否定祈使句Do型在句首+Don’tDon’tforgetme.Be型在句首+Don’tDon’tbelate!Let型Don’tletsbdosth.或者Letsb.notdosth.Don’tlethimgo.=Lethimnotgo.No型No+n.或者No+doingNophotos.Noparking.（3）答語(yǔ):祈使句的動(dòng)作通常是將來(lái)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，所以回答祈使句時(shí)，一般用will或won’t?！咀⒁狻吭诨卮鹁哂蟹穸ㄒ饬x的祈使句時(shí)，要注意形式一致和意義相反。即：yes與will；no與won’t要一致；yes意為“不”；no意為“是”。Eg:：—Don’tgoout.It’sraininghard.不要出去了。天正下著大雨。—Yes,Iwill.Lilyiswaitingforme.不，我要去。莉莉在等我呢—No,Iwon’t.Iwillstayathome.好的，我不會(huì)去的。我待在家就好。（4）祈使句的其他形式：用名詞，形容詞，副詞，動(dòng)詞等直接表達(dá)。簡(jiǎn)潔明快，口語(yǔ)化。Eg:Handsup!舉起手來(lái)！Eg：Help！救命！Eg:Offthegrass!勿踏草坪！對(duì)祈使句的回答：Closethedoor,please.Certainly./Sure./OK./Yes./Ofcourse,Iwill.Don'tbelateforschool,Sam!No,Iwon't.(當(dāng)然，我不會(huì)的。)（5）祈使句的反義疑問(wèn)句：通常使用willyou？Openthedoor,willyou？開(kāi)開(kāi)門(mén)，好嗎？Don'tbelateforschool,willyou？不要遲到，好嗎？Comeearly,__________________?Don'ttalkinclass，_________________?注意區(qū)別：Letushavesomethingtodrink,willyou?讓我們喝點(diǎn)東西，好嗎？Let'sgotothepark,shallwe?咱們?nèi)ス珗@吧，好嗎？祈使句用法歌訣祈使句，祈使句，請(qǐng)求、命令或建議。主語(yǔ)是you常省去，動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭記。否定形式要注意，句首要把Don’t加。要講客氣用please，句首、句末沒(méi)關(guān)系?！井?dāng)堂訓(xùn)練】（）1.Tom,_________afraidofspeakinginfrontofpeople.A.don'tB.notC.notbeD.don'tbe2.Listentome,please.(變成否定句）___________________________.3.Bequiet.(變成否定句)__________________________________.4.Lethimsithere.(變成否定句)______________________________.5.Let's____________(go)home.6.Let's________________(notwatch)TVagain.7.No______________(smoke)！8.Don't__________(be)lateforschool.9._________________(noteat)intheclassroom.10.__________(get)up,Anna.Itistimetogotoschool.11.Notalkinginthereadingroom.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)___________________inthereadingroom.12.Letusgooutforawalk,________________?13.Let'sgohome,_____________________?14.Don'tsmokehere,___________________?15.Closethewindow,____________________?（二）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形無(wú)人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化肯定形式否定形式用法can可以can’t不可以表示能力HecanspeakEnglish.表示請(qǐng)求或允許CanIhelpyou?表示猜測(cè)--100%否定Eg:--Lookatwomanatthe