考研考博-英語(yǔ)-北京經(jīng)貿(mào)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解4

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-北京經(jīng)貿(mào)職業(yè)學(xué)院考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第I卷一.綜合題庫(kù)-全考點(diǎn)押密(共120題)1.單選題

Youmustn'tallowyourworktobecomesloppy,butratheryoushouldtrytoimproveit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.falloff

B.comeoff

C.putoff

D.wearoff

【答案】A

【解析】動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意:你不應(yīng)該讓你的工作水平下滑，而應(yīng)當(dāng)努力提高。、

falloff:下降，降低。comeoff:舉行，達(dá)到效果。Putoff：推遲，延遲。Wearoff:麿損，逐漸消逝。sloppy:馬虎的，草率的，粗心的。故A與原文相符。

2.單選題

Scientists,whoarenowawareofhownautilusesregulatetheirbuoyancy,havebeenabletodispel（

）ideasaboutthesecreatures.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.erroneous

B.misdemeanors

C.misgivings

D.misdirection

【答案】A

【解析】考察形容詞、名詞詞義辨析。erroneous“錯(cuò)誤的”；misdemeanors“不法行為”；misgivings“擔(dān)憂，疑慮”；misdirection“引錯(cuò)方向”。句意：意識(shí)到了鸚鵡螺是如何控制自身在水中浮力的科學(xué)家們，已經(jīng)消除了對(duì)這些生物的錯(cuò)誤認(rèn)識(shí)。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.單選題

Oncloser______,however,theplacehassubtlemarksofdistinction.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.inspection

B.inspiration

C.expectation

D.execution

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)inspection“視察，檢查”；B選項(xiàng)inspiration“靈感；鼓舞；吸氣；妙計(jì)”；C選項(xiàng)expectation“期待；預(yù)期；指望”；D選項(xiàng)execution“執(zhí)行，實(shí)行；完成；死刑”。句意：然而，仔細(xì)觀察，這個(gè)地方有微妙的區(qū)別。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

4.單選題

Parentsoftenfacedthe（）betweendoingwhattheyfeltwasgoodforthedevelopmentofthechildandwhatcouldstandbywayofundisciplinednoiseanddestructiveness.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.dilemma

B.paradox

C.junction

D.premise

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞詞義辨析。dilemma“困境；進(jìn)退兩難”；paradox“悖論”；junction“連接”；premise“前提，假定”。根據(jù)betweendoingwhattheyfelt…andwhatcouldstand…可知家長(zhǎng)是在這兩種做法為難，因此選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.單選題

Thisspaciousroomis______furnishedwithjustafewarticlesinit.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.lightly

B.hardly

C.sparsely

D.rarely

【答案】C

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.lightly輕柔地，輕微地B.hardly幾乎不，幾乎沒(méi)有

C.sparsely稀疏地；貧乏地D.rarely罕有，很少

【考查點(diǎn)】副詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)后面的afew（幾個(gè)）說(shuō)明是僅僅有少數(shù)幾件家具，東西不多，而sparsely表示數(shù)量少地，該題選擇C項(xiàng)恰當(dāng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)不符合句意；

B、D項(xiàng)含有否定的意思，與后面的justafewarticles（僅有幾件家具）不符合。

【句意】這個(gè)寬敞的房間只零星布置了幾件家具。

6.單選題

Becauseofa（）engagement,Loracouldn'tattendmybirthdaypartylastSaturday.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.pioneer

B.premature

C.prior

D.past

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容詞辨析。pioneer“先鋒”；premature“早產(chǎn)的，不成熟的”；prior“先前的”；past“過(guò)去”。句意：由于先前的約會(huì)，Lora上周六不能參加我的生日派對(duì)。C項(xiàng)符合題意。

7.單選題

Themeetingwas（）overbythemayorofthecity.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.presumed

B.proposed

C.presented

D.presided

【答案】D

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)presumed“假定，推測(cè)”；B選項(xiàng)proposed“建議，打算”；C選項(xiàng)presented“提出，呈遞”；D選項(xiàng)presided“主持，擔(dān)任會(huì)議主席”。句意：會(huì)議由該市市長(zhǎng)（）。本句表示“會(huì)議由市長(zhǎng)主持”，因此D選項(xiàng)符合題意。

8.單選題

Manyartistslateinthelastcenturywereinsearchofameanstoexpresstheirindividuality.Moderndancewasoneofthewayssomeofthesepeoplesoughttofreetheircreativespirit.Atthebeginningtherewasnoexactingtechnique,nofoundationfromwhichtobuild.Inlateryears,trial,error,andgeniusfoundedthetechniquesandtheprinciplesofthemovement.Eventually,innovatorsevendrewfromwhattheyconsideredthedreadballet,butfirsttheyhadtodiscardallthatwasacademicsothatthenewcouldbediscovered.ThebeginningsofmoderndancewerehappeningbeforeIsadoraDuncan,butshewasthefirstpersontobringthenewdancetogeneralaudienceandseeitacceptedandacclaimed.

Hersearchforanaturalmovementformsenthertonature.Shebelievedmovementshouldbeasnaturalastheswayingofthetreesandtherollingwavesofthesea,andshouldbeinharmonywiththemovementsoftheEarth.Hergreatcontributionsareinthreeareas.

First,shebegantheexpansionofthekindsofmovementsthatcouldbeusedindance,beforeDuncandanced,balletwastheonlytypeofdanceperformedinconcert.Intheballetthefeetandlegswereemphasized,withvirtuosity(精湛的技巧)shownbycomplicated,designedpositionsandmovements.Duncanperformeddancebyusingallherbodyinthefreestpossibleway.Herdancestemmedfromhersoulandspirit.Shewasoneofthepioneerswhobroketraditionsoothersmightbeabletodeveloptheart.

Hersecondcontributionwasindancecostume.Shediscardedcorset(緊身內(nèi)衣),balletshoes,andstintcostumes.ThesewerereplacedwithflowingGreciantunics,barefeetandunboundhair.Shebelievedinthenaturalbodybeingallowedtomovefreely,andherdressdisplayedthisideal.

Herthirdcontributionwasintheuseofmusic.Inherperformancessheusedthesymphoniesofgreatmasters,includingBeethovenandWagner,whichwasnottheusualcustom.

Shewasasexcitingandeccentricinherpersonallifeasinherdance.

1.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

2.Accordingtothepassage,whatdidnaturerepresenttoIsadoraDuncan?

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassageasanareaofdancethatDuncanworkedtochange?

4.Comparedtothoseoftheballet,Duncan’scostumeswereless（）.

5.Whatdoestheparagraphfollowingthepassageprobablydiscuss?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.TheEvolutionofDanceintheTwentiethCentury.

B.ArtistsoftheLastCentury.

C.NaturalMovementinDance.

D.APioneerinModernDance.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.Amodelformovement.

B.Somethingtoconquer.

C.Aplacetofindpeace.

D.Asymbolofdisorder.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Themusic

B.Thestagesets

C.Costumes

D.Movements

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.costly

B.colorful

C.graceful

D.restrictive

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.Duncan’sfurthercontributiontomoderndance.

B.Themusiccustomarilyusedinballet.

C.OtheraspectsofDuncan'slife.

D.Audienceacceptanceofthenewformofdance.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:B

第4題:D

第5題:C

【解析】第1題:1.主旨大意題。結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，本文是一篇傳記，主要講述的是現(xiàn)代舞的先驅(qū)——IsadoraDuncan對(duì)舞蹈的巨大貢獻(xiàn)。所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

2.判斷推理題。題干問(wèn)的是“對(duì)IsadoraDuncan來(lái)說(shuō)，大自然代表了什么？”根據(jù)第二段的一、二句“她對(duì)自然運(yùn)動(dòng)形式的探索使她進(jìn)入了自然。她認(rèn)為運(yùn)動(dòng)應(yīng)該像樹木的搖擺和大海的波濤一樣自然，應(yīng)該與大地的運(yùn)動(dòng)協(xié)調(diào)一致?！币簿褪钦f(shuō)，IsadoraDuncan把大自然當(dāng)做舞蹈運(yùn)動(dòng)的模型，將舞蹈和自然相結(jié)合。所以選項(xiàng)A正確。

3.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。原文第三段主要講述的是Duncan對(duì)舞蹈動(dòng)作的改變；第四段主要講述的是對(duì)舞蹈服裝的改變；第五段主要講述的是對(duì)音樂(lè)運(yùn)用的改變。所以只有選項(xiàng)B“舞臺(tái)”的改變?cè)谠闹袥](méi)有提及。

4.判斷推理題。根據(jù)原文第四段的內(nèi)容“她摒棄了紫色內(nèi)衣，芭蕾舞鞋和具有限制性的服裝，取而代之的是飄逸的希臘寬松外衣、光著腳和披散著的頭發(fā)?！庇纱丝芍珼uncan的服裝是輕松自由的，相對(duì)于芭蕾服裝來(lái)說(shuō)，沒(méi)有那么多的限制性，所以選項(xiàng)D正確。

5.判斷推理題。根據(jù)最后一段的內(nèi)容“她的個(gè)人生活就像她的舞蹈一樣令人興奮和古怪?！庇纱丝赏茢?，接下來(lái)可能要講到的內(nèi)容是Duncan生活的其他方面。選項(xiàng)C正確。

第2題:

第3題:

第4題:

第5題:

9.單選題

Icouldn’t（

）thelectureatall.Itwastoodifficultforme.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.takeon

B.takein

C.takeover

D.takeupon

【答案】B

【解析】takeon承擔(dān),呈現(xiàn)；takein領(lǐng)會(huì)，吸收，理解；takeover接管，接收；takeupon承擔(dān)。句意：我無(wú)法理解這個(gè)演講,它對(duì)于我來(lái)說(shuō)太難了。選項(xiàng)B符合句意。

10.單選題

Eachofthemhadadifferent（）ofwhatactuallyhappened,butherswasfarmorebelievable.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.message

B.theory

C.version

D.comment

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)message“消息”；B選項(xiàng)theory“理論，原理”；C選項(xiàng)version“版本，說(shuō)法”；D選項(xiàng)comment“評(píng)論，意見”。句意：每個(gè)人對(duì)實(shí)際發(fā)生的事情都有不同的說(shuō)法，但她的說(shuō)法更可信。選項(xiàng)C符合語(yǔ)境。

11.單選題

Manyobjectsindailyusehaveclearlybeeninfluencedbyscience,buttheirformandfunction,theirdimensionsandappearance,weredeterminedbytechnologists,artisansdesigners,inventors,andengineers—usingnonscientificmodesofthought.Manyfeaturesandqualitiesoftheobjectsthatatechnologistthinksaboutcannotbereducedtounambiguousverbaldescriptions;theyaredealtwithinthemindbyavisual,nonverbalprocess.InthedevelopmentofWesterntechnology,ithasbeennonverbalthinking,byandlarge,thathasfixedtheoutlinesandfilledinthedetailsofourmaterialsurroundings.Pyramids,cathedrals,androcketsexistnotbecauseofgeometryorthermodynamics,butbecausetheywerefirstapictureinthemindsofthosewhobuiltthem.

Thecreativeshapingprocessofatechnologist’smindcanbeseeninnearlyeveryartifactthatexists.Forexample,indesigningadieselengine,atechnologistmightimpressindividualwaysofnonverbalthinkingonthemachinebycontinuallyusinganintuitivesenseofrightnessandfitness.Whatwouldhetheshapeofthecombustionchamber?Whereshouldthevalvesbeplaced?Shouldithavealongorshortpiston?Suchquestionshavearangeofanswersthataresuppliedbyexperience,byphysicalrequirements,bylimitationsofavailablespace,andnotleastbyasenseofform.Somedecisionssuchaswallthicknessandpindiameter,maydependonscientificcalculations,butthenonscientificcomponentofdesignremainsprimary.

Designcourses,then,shouldbeanessentialelementinengineeringcurricula.Nonverbalthinking,acentralmechanisminengineeringdesign,involvesperceptions,thestock-in-tradeoftheartist,notthescientist.Becauseperceptiveprocessesarenotassumedtoentailhardthinking,nonverbalthoughtissometimesseenasaprimitivestageinthedevelopmentofcognitiveprocessesandinferiortoverbalormathematicalthought.ButitisparadoxicalthatwhenthestaffoftheHistoricAmericanEngineeringRecordwishedtohavedrawingsmadeofmachinesandisometricviewsofindustrialprocessesforitshistoricalrecordofAmericanengineering,theonlycollegestudentswiththerequisiteabilitieswerenotengineeringstudents,butratherstudentsattendingarchitecturalschools.

Ifcoursesindesign,whichinastronglyanalyticalengineeringcurriculumprovidethebackgroundrequiredforpracticalproblem-solving,arenotprovided,wecanexpecttoencountersillybutcostlyerrorsoccurringinadvancedengineeringsystems.Forexample,earlymodelsofhigh-speedrailroadcarsloadedwithsophisticatedcontrolswereunabletooperateinasnowstormbecauseafansuckedsnowintotheelectricalsystem.Absurdrandomfailuresthatplagueautomaticcontrolsystemsarenotmerelytrivialaberrations;theyareareflectionofthechaosthatresultswhendesignisassumedtobeprimarilyaprobleminmathematics.

1.Inthetext,theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith（

）.

2.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorthinksengineeringcurriculaare

（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestillustratesthemainpointofthefirsttwoparagraphsofthetext?

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldbestserveasanintroductiontothetext?

5.TheauthorcabthepredicamentfacedbytheHistoricAmericanEngineeringRecordparadoxical(line6,paragraph3)mostprobablybecause（

）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.identifyingthekindsofthinkingthatareusedbytechnologists.

B.stressingtheimportanceofnonverbalthinkinginengineeringdesign.

C.proposinganewrolefornonscientificthinkinginthedevelopmentoftechnology.

D.contrastingthegoalsofengineerswiththoseoftechnologists.

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.strengthenedwhentheyincludecoursesindesign.

B.weakenedbythesubstitutionofphysicalsciencecoursesforcoursesdesignedtodevelopmathematicalskills.

C.strongbecausenonverbalthinkingisstillemphasizedbymostofthecourses.

D.strongdespitetheerrorsthatgraduatesofsuchcurriculahavemadeinthedevelopmentofautomaticcontrolsystems.

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.Whenamachinelikearotaryenginemalfunctions,itisthetechnologistwhoisbestequippedtorepairit.

B.Eachcomponentofanautomobile—forexample,theengineorthefueltank—hasashapethathasbeenscientificallydeterminedtobebestsuitedtothatcomponent’sfunction.

C.Atelephoneisacomplexinstrumentdesignedbytechnologistsusingonlynonverbalthought.

D.Thedistinctivefeaturesofasuspensionbridgereflectitsdesigner’sconceptualizationaswellasthephysicalrequirementsofitssite.

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Theassumptionthattheknowledgeincorporatedintechnologicaldevelopmentsmustbederivedfromscienceignoresthemanynonscientificdecisionsmadebytechnologists.

B.Analyticalthoughtisnolongeravitalcomponentinthesuccessoftechnologicaldevelopment

C.Asknowledgeoftechnologyhasincreased,thetendencyhasbeentolosesightoftheimportantroleplayedbyscientificthoughtinmakingdecisionsaboutform,arrangementandtexture.

D.Amovementinengineeringcollegestowardatechnician’sdegreereflectsademandforgraduateswhohavethenonverbalreasoningabilitythatwasoncecommonamongengineers.

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.thepublicationneededdrawingsthatitsownstaffcouldnotmake.

B.architecturalschoolsofferedbutdidnotrequireengineeringdesigncoursesfortheirstudents.

C.collegestudentswerequalifiedtomakethedrawingswhilepracticingengineerswerenot.

D.engineeringstudentswerenottrainedtomakethetypeofdrawingsneededtorecordthedevelopmentoftheirowndiscipline.

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:A

第3題:D

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.文章第一段提到日常生活的東西受科學(xué)影響，但是它們的形式功能等卻受到了非科學(xué)模式的影響（Manyobjectsindailyusehaveclearlybeeninfluencedbyscience,buttheirformandfunction,theirdimensionsandappearance,weredeterminedbytechnologists,artisansdesigners,inventors,andengineers—usingnonscientificmodesofthought），接下來(lái)舉例說(shuō)明了非語(yǔ)言思考的作用，選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

2.文章第三段第一句Designcourses,then,shouldbeanessentialelementinengineeringcurricula.Nonverbalthinking,acentralmechanisminengineeringdesign,involvesperceptions,thestock-in-tradeoftheartist,notthescientist提到設(shè)計(jì)課程對(duì)于工程學(xué)課程的重要作用，選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

3.文章第一二段強(qiáng)調(diào)的是非科學(xué)思維模式和技術(shù)人員創(chuàng)造成型中非科學(xué)成分的作用。選項(xiàng)D“吊橋的本質(zhì)特質(zhì)反映了它的設(shè)計(jì)者的概念化和建造地點(diǎn)的物理要求”，符合題意。

4.文章的第一段的倒數(shù)第二句InthedevelopmentofWesterntechnology,ithasbeennonverbalthinking,byandlarge,thathasfixedtheoutlinesandfilledinthedetailsofourmaterialsurroundings是全文的主旨句，主要提及了非語(yǔ)言思維在科學(xué)發(fā)展中的重要性。選項(xiàng)A符合題意。

5.第三段第一句InthedevelopmentofWesterntechnology,ithasbeennonverbalthinking,byandlarge,thathasfixedtheoutlinesandfilledinthedetailsofourmaterialsurroundings提到engineeringcurricula缺乏designcourses。文章第三段最后一句主要提到了工程學(xué)生在教育方面的缺不足。因此選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

12.填空題

WhileIwasastudent,I（1）manystoriesaboutthevalueofEnglishforone’scareer,butIthoughttheywereirrelevant（2）thelifethatIhadplannedformyself.Inthat（3）Iwassimilartomanyoftoday'sstudents.Aftergraduating,I（4）howaccuratethosestorieswere.I（5）manyopportunitiesbecausemyEnglishwassopoor,（6）Ifinallydecidedto"correct*'myearliermistake.OnedayI（7）atutorandbegantostudy

Englishseriously-asatoolofrealcommunication,notameretestsubject―forthefirst（8）inmylife.Thisturned（9）tobeoneofthebestdecisionsthatI’ve

（10）made.AfterI（11）myattitudetowardthelanguage,Ireallystartedtoenjoyusingit,andasa（12）Imaderapid（13）init.Sincethenmycareerhasbenefitedgreatly（14）mynewabilitytouseEnglishactively.

【答案】1.heard

2.to

3.respect

4.realized

5.lost

6.so

7.got

8.time

9.out

10.ever

11.changed

12.result

13.progress

14.from

【解析】1.固定搭配。Hearstoryabout聽關(guān)于…的故事。而且這里應(yīng)該用過(guò)去式。

2.固定搭配。beirrelevanttosth.與某事無(wú)關(guān)。

3.語(yǔ)義題。句意:在這方面，我和今天的許多學(xué)生很相似。

4.語(yǔ)義題。句意:我意識(shí)到這些故事是多么準(zhǔn)確。

5.固定搭配。Loseopportunities失去機(jī)會(huì)。這里應(yīng)該用過(guò)去式。

6.邏輯分析?？崭袂昂缶渥訛橐蚬P(guān)系:英語(yǔ)不好，我失去了很多機(jī)會(huì)。因此,我決定糾正之前的錯(cuò)誤。

7.固定搭配。getatutor請(qǐng)家教。這里應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。

8.固定搭配。Forthefirsttime第一次。

9.固定搭配。turnouttobe結(jié)果是,證明是。

10.語(yǔ)義題。句意:我曾經(jīng)做的最好決定之一。

11.語(yǔ)義題。句意:在我改變對(duì)英語(yǔ)的態(tài)度后。

12.固定搭配。asaresult結(jié)果。

13.固定搭配。Makeprogressin在…方面取得巨大進(jìn)步。

14.固定搭配。benefitfromsth.受益于…。

13.翻譯題

TranslatethefollowingintoEnglish.

世界銀行預(yù)計(jì)，美元將在2025年喪失單一統(tǒng)治地位，而歐元與人民幣將在一個(gè)“多種貨幣并存”的新型貨幣體系中確立平起平坐的地位。

失去這種轉(zhuǎn)變的將是新興市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體日益增強(qiáng)的實(shí)力與優(yōu)勢(shì)，其中有6個(gè)國(guó)家——巴西、印度、中國(guó)、印尼、俄羅斯和韓國(guó)一將在2025年占據(jù)全球增長(zhǎng)總量一半以上。根據(jù)世行周二發(fā)布的一份報(bào)告，從現(xiàn)在起至2025年，新興經(jīng)濟(jì)體將以每年4.7%的速度增長(zhǎng)，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)快于同期發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體2.3%的年增速。“全球增長(zhǎng)與投資的天平將向發(fā)展中或新興經(jīng)濟(jì)體傾斜，”報(bào)告主要作者曼蘇爾.戴拉米(MansoorDailami)表示，這種轉(zhuǎn)變意義深遠(yuǎn)。戴拉米稱，例如，這種實(shí)力轉(zhuǎn)移將大力推動(dòng)投資流入驅(qū)動(dòng)全球増長(zhǎng)的國(guó)家，跨境并購(gòu)活動(dòng)將顯著增加。

企業(yè)界的格局也將發(fā)生變化一“你會(huì)看到老牌跨國(guó)企業(yè)將不再占據(jù)統(tǒng)治地位?！?/p>

此外，一種不同的國(guó)際貨幣體系將逐漸形成。美元作為世界主要儲(chǔ)備貨幣的地位將告終。“美元當(dāng)前的主導(dǎo)地位將在2025年前消失，被一種以美元、歐元和人民幣為中心的貨幣體系所取代，這三種貨幣都將發(fā)揮成熟國(guó)際貨幣的作用，報(bào)告指出。報(bào)告還介紹了15年后貨幣市場(chǎng)“最可能”出現(xiàn)的三種情形。報(bào)告認(rèn)為歐元是美元最“可信”的對(duì)手，但有一個(gè)問(wèn)題需要留意。“歐元的地位必將增強(qiáng)，只要?dú)W元能夠成功化解多個(gè)成員國(guó)目前面臨的主權(quán)債務(wù)危機(jī)，并能夠避免與歐洲成員國(guó)相關(guān)的道德風(fēng)險(xiǎn)問(wèn)題。”

對(duì)于中國(guó)，報(bào)告指出，官方通過(guò)發(fā)展離岸人民幣市場(chǎng)和鼓勵(lì)人民幣在國(guó)際貿(mào)易結(jié)算和計(jì)價(jià)中的使用，已經(jīng)啟動(dòng)了人民幣的“國(guó)際化”進(jìn)程?！叭嗣駧沤巧奶嵘?，將有助于解決中國(guó)在全球舞臺(tái)上的強(qiáng)大經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力和中國(guó)仍嚴(yán)重依賴外國(guó)貨幣這兩者之間的脫節(jié)。”世行首席經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家林毅表示，世行描繪出的情形意味著金融機(jī)構(gòu)必須“盡快適應(yīng)，跟上形勢(shì)?！?/p>

【答案】TheWorldBankpredictsthedollarwillloseasingledominantpositionin2025,whiletheeuroandtheRMBwillestablishanequalfootingpositioninanew“multicurrency”monetarysystem.

Itwillbetheincreasingstrengthandadvantageofemergingeconomythatlossthiskindofshift,including6countries—Brazil,India,China,Indonesia,RussiaandKoreain2025willoccupymorethanhalfofthetotalglobalgrowth.AccordingtoaWorldBankreportreleasedTuesday,fromnowuntil2025,emergingeconomieswillincreasebytherateof4.7%,ismuchfasterthandevelopedeconomyatthesameperiodwhoseannualgrowthrateis2.3%.“Thebalanceofglobalgrowthandinvestmentwillinclinetodevelopingoremergingeconomies”theauthorsofthereport,MansoorDailamisaidthatthesignificanceofthischangeisprofound.Dailamisaid,forexample,thisshiftinpowerwillvigorouslypromoteinvestmentflowstothecountriesdrivingglobalgrowth,cross-bordermergersandacquisitionswillincreasesignificantly.Thecorporatelandscapewillchangeand“youwillseethefamousmultinationalenterpriseswillnolongeroccupythedominantposition.”

Inaddition,adifferentinternationalmonetarysystemwillbegraduallyformed.Thedollarastheworld'smainreservecurrencywillend.“Thedominanceofthedollarwilldisappearin2025,beingreplacedbytheDollar,EuroandRMBasthecenterofthemonetarysystem,thisthreekindsofcurrencywillallplayamatureinternationalcurrencyrole,suggestedbythereport.Thereportalsopointedoutthree“mostlikely”kindsofsituationsoncurrencymarketsin15years.Thereportsaysthattheeurowillbethemost“credible”opponentsofdollar,butthereisaproblemneedingattention.“Aslongastheeurocansuccessfullyresolvethemaindebtcrisisencounteredbymultiplemembers,andavoidthemoralhazardproblemassociatedwiththeEuropeanmembers,itsstatuscanbestrengthened”.

ForChina,thereportpointedoutthatofficialhaslaunchedthe“internationalization”oftheprocessofRMBthroughexploringtheoffshoreRMBmarketandencouragingtheuseofRMBininternationaltradesettlementandvaluation.“ThepromotionoftheroleofRMBwouldhelpsolvethediscrepancybetweenChina’sstrongeconomicstrengthintheworldstageandthehighrelianceontheforeigncurrencies.”theeconomistoftheWorldBankchiefLinYisaidthatthesituationpresentedbytheworldbankmeansthatfinancialinstitutionsmust“adaptassoonaspossible,keepupwiththesituation”.

14.單選題

Mycarcrawledalongamainroadwherealineoftrafficwas______sotightlytogetherthatitwasalmoststationary.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.wedged

B.crowded

C.squeezed

D.compacted

【答案】A

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.wedged塞進(jìn)，插入B.crowded擠滿，塞滿

C.squeezed擠壓，捏D.compacted把……緊壓在一起（或壓實(shí)）

【考查點(diǎn)】動(dòng)詞辨析。

【解題思路】由itwasalmoststationary（幾乎靜止不動(dòng)）可知，交通是非常擁擠的，而wedge表示“塞滿”。因此，該題選擇A項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

B選項(xiàng)表示人群擁擠；

C、D選項(xiàng)都指由于外力作用在物體上造成的擠壓。

【句意】我的車在一條主干道上緩慢行駛，那條主干道上的車輛緊緊地?cái)D在一起，幾乎靜止不動(dòng)。

15.問(wèn)答題

Amidthemultipleviolentincidents,acrackdownonterrorisminallformshasbeenaddedto

A

B

China’stoppriorities.Thegovernmentcalledonimprovedintelligencecollection,integrated

C

preventionandcontrolmeasures,andbetterearly-warningandemergencyresponsecapabilities

D

soastoleavenoloopholesforterroriststoexploit.

【答案】試題答案：D;controlling

【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞且and連接的為并列成分，需用一個(gè)形容詞來(lái)修飾名詞measures，因此用control的現(xiàn)在分詞形式controlling作定語(yǔ)。

16.單選題

Artisconsideredbymanypeopletobelittlemorethanadecorativemeansofgivingpleasure.Thisisnotalwaysthecase,however;attimes,artmaybeseentohaveapurelyfunctionalsideaswell.SuchcouldbesaidofthesandpaintingsoftheNavahoIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwest;thesehaveamedicinalaswellasanartisticpurpose.

AccordingtoNavahotraditions,onewhosuffersfromeitheramentaloraphysicalillnesshasinsomewaydisturbedorcomeincontactwiththesupernatural—perhapsacertainanimal,aghost,orthedead.Tocounteractthisevilcontact,theillpersonoroneofhisrelativeswillemployamedicinemancalleda“singer”toperformahealingceremonywhichwillattractapowerfulsupernaturalbeing.

Duringtheceremony,whichmaylastfrom2to9days,the“singer”willproduceasandpaintingontheflooroftheNavahohogan(泥蓋木屋).Onthelastdayoftheceremony,thepatientwillsitonthissandpaintingandthe“singer”willrubtheailingpartsofthepatient’sbodywithsandfromaspecificfigureinthesandpainting.Inthiswaythepatientabsorbsthepowerofthatparticularsupernaturalbeingandbecomesstronglikeit.Aftertheceremony,thesandpaintingisthendestroyedanddisposedofsoitspowerwillnotharmanyone.

Theartofsandpaintingishandeddownfromold“singers”totheirstudents.ThematerialsusedareeasilyfoundintheareastheNavahoinhabit;brown,red,yellow,andwhitesandstone,whichispulverized（替……弄碎）bybeingcrushedbetween2stonesmuchascornisgroundintoflour.The“singer”holdsasmallamountofthissandinhishandandletsitflowbetweenhisthumbandfore-fingerontoaclean,flatsurfaceonthefloor.Withasteadyhandandgreatpatience,heisthusabletocreatedesignsofstylizedpeople,snakesandothercreaturesthathavepowerintheNavahobeliefsystem.ThetraditionalNavahodoesnotallowreproductionofsandpaintings,sincehebelievesthesupernaturalpowersthattaughthimthecrafthaveforbiddenthis;however,suchreproductionscaninfactbepurchasedtodayintouristshopsinArizonaandNewMexico.ThesearedonebyeitherNavahoIndiansorbyotherpeoplewhowishtopreservethiscraft.

1.Thepurposeofthepassageisto_____.

2.Thepurposeofahealingceremonyliesin_____.

3.The“singer”rubssandonthepatientbecause_____.

4.Whatisusedtoproduceasandpainting?

5.Whichofthefollowingtitleswillbebesttosuitthepassage?

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.discussthemedicalusesofsandpaintingsinmedievalEurope

B.studythewaysNavahoIndianshandeddowntheirpaintingart

C.considerhowNavaho“singers”treattheirailmentswithsandpaintings

D.tellhowNavahoIndiansapplysandpaintingformedicalpurposes

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.pleasingtheghosts

B.attractingsupernaturalpowers

C.attractingghosts

D.creatingasandpainting

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.thepatientreceivesstrengthfromthesand

B.ithaspharmaceuticalvalue

C.itdecoratesthepatient

D.noneoftheabove

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.Paint

B.Beachsand

C.Rushedsandstone

D.Flour

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.ANewDirectionforMedicalResearch

B.TheNavahoIndians’SandPaintings

C.TheProcessofSandPaintingCreation

D.TheNavahoIndians’MedicalHistory

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:B

第3題:B

第4題:C

第5題:B

【解析】1.【試題答案】D

【試題解析】主旨大意題。第一步關(guān)注首段核心句，首段核心句是第一段最后一句SuchcouldbesaidofthesandpaintingsoftheNavahoIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwest;thesehaveamedicinalaswellasanartisticpurpose.“美國(guó)西南部納瓦霍族印第安人的沙畫就是這樣；這些具有醫(yī)學(xué)和藝術(shù)目的”。第二步，分析文章的行文結(jié)構(gòu)，文章的行文是總分結(jié)構(gòu)，先通過(guò)藝術(shù)也可以有其實(shí)際功能性這個(gè)話題引出美國(guó)印第安人的一種沙畫，第二段講述沙畫的用途，第三段講述“沙畫”這種儀式的具體過(guò)程，最后一段講沙畫的傳承。第三步，提煉復(fù)現(xiàn)詞，第一段thesehaveamedicinalaswellasanartisticpurpose（這些具有醫(yī)學(xué)和藝術(shù)目的）指的是沙畫兼具藝術(shù)性和目的性；第二段Tocounteractthisevilcontact...（為了對(duì)抗這種邪惡的接觸……）這里講述了沙畫的醫(yī)療目的；第三段倒數(shù)第二句Inthiswaythepatientabsorbsthepowerofthatparticularsupernaturalbeing（通過(guò)這種方式，病人吸收了那個(gè)特殊的超自然生物的力量）這里是講述的沙畫如何實(shí)現(xiàn)它的醫(yī)療目的；第四段downfrom，preserve這里可知這段講述的是沙畫的傳承。綜上可知文章的目的是為了講述納瓦霍印第安人如何將沙畫用于醫(yī)療目的，所以答案選D“描述納瓦霍印第安人如何將沙畫用于醫(yī)學(xué)目的”。

A選項(xiàng)“討論中世紀(jì)歐洲的沙畫的醫(yī)學(xué)用途”，定位到第一段最后一句話SuchcouldbesaidofthesandpaintingsoftheNavahoIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwest...，從這里可知位置應(yīng)該定位到美國(guó)而不是歐洲，這里屬于反向干擾。

B選項(xiàng)“研究納瓦霍印第安人傳承他們繪畫藝術(shù)的方式”，文章只是在第四段提到沙畫的傳承方式，不是文章的目的，這里屬于以偏概全。

C選項(xiàng)“考慮納瓦霍‘歌手’如何用沙畫來(lái)治療他們的疾病”，文章在第三段談到“歌手”是如何用沙畫來(lái)治愈患者的，不是文章的目的，這里屬于以偏概全。

2.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第一步，精準(zhǔn)定位，定位到第二段第二句話Tocounteractthisevilcontact,theillpersonoroneofhisrelativeswillemployamedicinemancalleda“singer”toperformahealingceremonywhichwillattractapowerfulsupernaturalbeing.（為了對(duì)抗這種邪惡的接觸，病人或他的一個(gè)親戚會(huì)雇傭一個(gè)被稱為“歌手”的藥師來(lái)執(zhí)行一個(gè)治療儀式，這將吸引一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的超自然的存在），從這里可知答案選B。

A選項(xiàng)“取悅鬼魂”，定位到第二段第一句話AccordingtoNavahotraditions,onewhosuffersfromeitheramentaloraphysicalillnesshasinsomewaydisturbedorcomeincontactwiththesupernatural—perhapsacertainanimal,aghost,orthedead.從這里可知因?yàn)槿吮怀匀荒芰φ勰ニ圆派?，這種超自然能力可能是動(dòng)物、鬼魂或者逝者，而做儀式的目的是抵抗這個(gè)超自然能力，不是為了取悅鬼魂，所以這里屬于反向干擾。

C選項(xiàng)“吸引鬼魂”與A選項(xiàng)相同，做儀式的目的是抵抗這個(gè)超自然能力，不是為了吸引鬼魂，這里屬于反向干擾。

D選項(xiàng)“創(chuàng)造沙畫”與A選項(xiàng)相同，做儀式的目的是抵抗這個(gè)超自然能力，不是為了創(chuàng)造沙畫，這里屬于反向干擾。

3.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】推理判斷題。第一步，尋找句內(nèi)線索，定位到文章第一段最后一句話thesehaveamedicinalaswellasanartisticpurpose“這些具有醫(yī)學(xué)和藝術(shù)目的”，第二步尋找上下文線索，從這里可知沙畫有醫(yī)療作用，用沙子摩擦背部是醫(yī)療的一部分，所以答案選B選項(xiàng)

“這有醫(yī)療價(jià)值”。

A選項(xiàng)“病人從沙子中獲得力量”根據(jù)題干定位到第三段倒數(shù)第二句話Inthiswaythepatientabsorbsthepowerofthatparticularsupernaturalbeingandbecomesstronglikeit.“通過(guò)這種方式，病人吸收了那個(gè)特殊的超自然的力量，并變得像它一樣強(qiáng)大”，由這里可知用沙子摩擦病人是為了趕走疾病。從前文可知，“歌手”畫沙畫的目的是為了吸引超自然存在，因此用沙子摩擦病人不是為了從沙子里獲取力量，而是為了獲取被沙畫吸引過(guò)來(lái)的超自然存在的力量從而達(dá)到趕走疾病的目的，這里屬于偷換概念。

C選項(xiàng)“這用來(lái)裝飾病人”文章沒(méi)有提及，屬于無(wú)中生有。

D選項(xiàng)“以上都不是”，因?yàn)锽選項(xiàng)正確，所以D選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，這里屬于反向干擾。

4.【試題答案】C

【試題解析】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第一步，精準(zhǔn)定位，根據(jù)題干定位到第四段第二句話ThematerialsusedareeasilyfoundintheareastheNavahoinhabit;brown,red,yellow,andwhitesandstone,whichispulverizedbybeingcrushedbetween2stonesmuchascornisgroundintoflour.“使用的材料很容易在納瓦霍人居住的地區(qū)找到；棕色、紅色、黃色和白色的砂巖，它們被兩塊石頭壓碎，就像玉米被磨成面粉一樣”。第二步，綜合理解，從這里可知沙畫選材來(lái)自于sandstone“砂石”，所以答案選C選項(xiàng)“砂石”。

A選項(xiàng)“油畫”，文章沒(méi)有提及，屬于無(wú)中生有。

B選項(xiàng)“海灘上的沙子”，文章沒(méi)有提及，屬于無(wú)中生有。

D選項(xiàng)“面粉”，定位到文章第四段第二句（見A選項(xiàng)），這里只是把砂石碾碎的過(guò)程比作玉米碾成面粉的過(guò)程，與沙畫選材沒(méi)有關(guān)系，這里屬于曲解原文。

5.【試題答案】B

【試題解析】主旨大意題。第一步關(guān)注首段核心句，首段核心句是第一段最后一句SuchcouldbesaidofthesandpaintingsoftheNavahoIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwest;thesehaveamedicinalaswellasanartisticpurpose.“美國(guó)西南部納瓦霍族印第安人的沙畫就是這樣；這些具有醫(yī)學(xué)和藝術(shù)目的”。第二步，分析文章的行文結(jié)構(gòu)，文章的行文是總分結(jié)構(gòu)，先通過(guò)藝術(shù)也可以有其實(shí)際功能性這個(gè)話題引出美國(guó)印第安人的一種沙畫，第二段講述沙畫的用途，第三段講述“沙畫”這種儀式的具體過(guò)程，最后一段講沙畫的傳承。第三步，提煉復(fù)現(xiàn)詞，第一段thesehaveamedicinalaswellasanartisticpurpose“這些具有醫(yī)學(xué)和藝術(shù)目的”，指的是沙畫兼具藝術(shù)性和目的性；第二段Tocounteractthisevilcontact...（為了對(duì)抗這種邪惡的接觸……）這里講述了沙畫的醫(yī)療目的；第三段倒數(shù)第二句Inthiswaythepatientabsorbsthepowerofthatparticularsupernaturalbeing（通過(guò)這種方式，病人吸收了那個(gè)特殊的超自然生物的力量）這里是講述沙畫如何實(shí)現(xiàn)它的醫(yī)療目的；第四段downfrom，preserve這段講述的是沙畫的傳承。綜上可知整篇文章都是圍繞著納瓦霍族印第安人的沙畫來(lái)展開的，所以B選項(xiàng)“納瓦霍印第安人的沙畫”作為題目最為合適。

A選項(xiàng)“醫(yī)學(xué)研究的新方向”，文章只是提到沙畫的醫(yī)療作用，但是沒(méi)有說(shuō)明這對(duì)現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)有什么影響，這里屬于無(wú)中生有。

C選項(xiàng)“沙畫創(chuàng)作過(guò)程”，這只是文章第三段提到，不是整篇文章的中心，所以不能選，這里屬于以偏概全。

D選項(xiàng)“納瓦霍印第安人的醫(yī)療歷史”，文章只是提到沙畫的醫(yī)療作用，沒(méi)有講到印第安人的醫(yī)療史，這里屬于無(wú)中生有。

17.單選題

Thechildrencheeredupwhentheysawhundredsofcolorfulballoons（

）slowlyintothesky.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.heaving

B.raising

C.ascending

D.floating

【答案】C

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。heave意為“舉起”；raise意為“提升，提高”；ascend意為“上升，升高”；float意為“浮動(dòng)，漂流”。此處為動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)。

句意：當(dāng)看到幾百個(gè)彩色氣球慢慢地升向天空時(shí)，孩子們歡呼起來(lái)。

18.單選題

Heenjoyedthedessertsomuchthatheacceptedasecond（）whenitwasoffered.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.loading

B.piling

C.helping

D.sharing

【答案】C

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)loading“裝載；裝貨；裝載的貨”；B選項(xiàng)piling“地樁；打樁；樁材；打樁工程”；C選項(xiàng)helping“（食物的）一份”；D選項(xiàng)sharing“公用，共享”。句意：他非常喜歡甜點(diǎn)，所以當(dāng)有人給他第二份時(shí)，他接受了。因此C選項(xiàng)正確。

19.單選題

Oneoftheseriousproblemsfacingusis（）ofhowtogetmorewaterformantouse.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.that

B.it

C.which

D.what

【答案】A

【解析】句意:我們面臨的一個(gè)嚴(yán)重問(wèn)題是如何獲得更多的水供人類使用。

語(yǔ)法題?？疾閺木?。空格后面是is的表語(yǔ)，因此后面部分只能是名詞性結(jié)構(gòu)或者從句。這里用that指代前面的problem，故選A。

20.單選題

Letussupposethatyouareinthepositionofaparent.Would