考研考博-英語-云南中醫(yī)藥大學考試押題三合一+答案詳解1

書山有路勤為徑，學海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-云南中醫(yī)藥大學考試押題三合一+答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹慎購買！第I卷一.綜合題庫-全考點押密(共120題)1.案例題

Attheheartofthedebateoverillegalimmigrationliesonekeyquestion:areimmigrantsgoodorbadfortheeconomy?TheAmericanpublicoverwhelminglythinksthey'rebad.Yettheconsensusamongmosteconomistsisthatimmigration,bothlegalandillegal,providesasmallnetboosttotheeconomy.Immigrantsprovidecheaplabor,lowerthepricesofeverythingfromfarmproducetonewhomes,andleaveconsumerswithalittlemoremoneyintheirpockets.Sowhyistheresuchadiscrepancybetweentheperceptionofimmigrants'impactontheeconomyandthereality?

Thereareanumberoffamiliartheories.Somearguethatpeopleareanxiousandfeelthreatenedbyaninflowofnewworkers.Othershighlightthestrainthatundocumentedimmigrantsplaceonpublicservices,likeschools,hospitals,andjails.Stillothersemphasizetheroleofrace,arguingthatforeignersaddtothenation'sfearsandinsecurities.There'ssometruthtoalltheseexplanations,buttheyaren'tquitesufficient.

Togetabetterunderstandingofwhat'sgoingon,considerthewayimmigration'simpactisfelt.Thoughitsoveralleffectmaybepositive,itscostsandbenefitsaredistributedunevenly.DavidCard,aneconomistatUCBerkeley,notesthattheoneswhoprofitmostdirectlyfromimmigrants'low-costlaborarebusinessesandemployers-meatpackingplantsinNebraska,forinstance,oragriculturalbusinessesinCalifornia.Granted,theseproducers'savingsprobablytranslateintolowerpricesatthegrocerystore,buthowmanyconsumersmakethatmentalconnectionatthecheckoutcounter?Asforthedrawbacksofillegalimmigration,these,too,areconcentrated.Nativelow-skilledworkerssuffermostfromthecompetitionofforeignlabor.AccordingtoastudybyGeorgeBorjas,aHarvardeconomist,immigrationreducedthewagesofAmericanhigh-schooldropoutsby9%between1980-2000.Amonghigh-skilled,better-educatedemployees,however,oppositionwasstrongestinstateswithbothhighnumbersofimmigrantsandrelativelygeneroussocialservices.Whatworriedthemmost,inotherwords,wasthefiscal(財政的)burdenofimmigration.Thatconclusionwasreinforcedbyanotherfinding:thattheiroppositionappearedtosoftenwhenthatfiscalburdendecreased,asoccurredwithwelfarereforminthe1990s,whichcurbedimmigrants'accesstocertainbenefits.

Theironyisthatforalltheoverexciteddebate,theneteffectofimmigrationisminimal.Evenforthosemostacutelyaffected-say,low-skilledworkers,orCaliforniaresidents-theimpactisn'tallthatdramatic."Theunpleasantvoiceshavetendedtodominateourperceptions,"saysDanielTichenor,apoliticalscienceprofessorattheUniversityofOregon."Butwhenallthosefactorsareputtogetherandtheeconomistscalculatethenumbers,itendsupbeinganetpositive,butasmallone."Toobadmostpeopledon'trealizeit.

1.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?

A.Whetherimmigrantsaregoodorbadfortheeconomyhasbeenpuzzlingeconomists.

B.TheAmericaneconomyusedtothriveonimmigrationbutnowit'sadifferentstory.

C.Theconsensusamongeconomistsisthatimmigrationshouldnotbeencouraged.

D.Thegeneralpublicthinksdifferentlyfrommosteconomistsontheimpactofimmigration.

2.InwhatwaydoestheauthorthinkordinaryAmericansbenefitfromimmigration?

A.Theycanaccessallkindsofpublicservices.

B.Theycangetconsumergoodsatlowerprices.

C.Theycanmixwithpeopleofdifferentcultures.

D.Theycanavoiddoingmuchofthemanuallabor.

3.Whydonativelow-skilledworkerssuffermostfromillegalimmigration?

A.Theyhavegreaterdifficultygettingwelfaresupport.

B.Theyaremorelikelytoencounterinterracialconflicts.

C.Theyhaveahardertimegettingajobwithdecentpay.

D.Theyarenomatchforillegalimmigrantsinlaborskills.

4.Whatisthechiefconcernofnativehigh-skilled,better-educatedemployeesabouttheinflowofimmigrants?

A.Itmaychangetheexistingsocialstructure.

B.Itmayposeathreattotheireconomicstatus.

C.Itmayleadtosocialinstabilityinthecountry.

D.Itmayplaceagreatstrainonthestatebudget.

5.Whatistheironyaboutthedebateoverimmigration?

A.Eveneconomistscan'treachaconsensusaboutitsimpact.

B.Thosewhoareopposedtoitturnouttobenefitmostfromit.

C.Peoplearemakingtoobigafussaboutsomethingofsmallimpact.

D.Thereisnoessentialdifferencebetweenseeminglyoppositeopinions.

【答案】1.D

2.B

3.C

4.D

5.C

【解析】1.根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可以看出，美國民眾和經(jīng)濟學家們對移民影響的看法不同。選項D正確。選項A，科學家們已經(jīng)給出了自己的看法，不存在困擾一說；選項B美國經(jīng)濟過去因移民而得以繁榮，在第一段并沒有提及；選項C經(jīng)濟學家們認為應該鼓勵移民，在第一段中也沒有信息提及。

2.根據(jù)第一段的倒數(shù)第二句“Immigrantsprovidecheaplabor,lowerthepricesofeverythingfromfarmproducetonewhomes,andleaveconsumerswithalittlemoremoneyintheirpockets.”可知，選項B符合原文。

3.根據(jù)第三段“Nativelow-skilledworkerssuffermost...reducedthewages...by9%.”所以當?shù)氐图寄芄と耸芤泼裼绊懽畲蟮脑蚴撬麄兒茈y找到一份收入體面的工作。

4.

根據(jù)第三段“Amonghigh-skilled...wasthefiscalburdenofimmigration.”他們最擔心的是移民帶來的財政負擔。選項D符合原文。

5.

根據(jù)最后一段的第一句“Theironyisthatforalltheoverexciteddebate,theneteffectofimmigrationisminimal.”具有諷刺意味的是，外界所有過度興奮的辯論，對移民的影響卻微乎其微。選項C人們對某些影響很小的事情其實有些小題大做了，符合原文。

2.翻譯題

Whichwouldyouchoose:anonlinecoursedeliveredbyoneoftheworld’smostknowledgeableinstructors,supportedbyawardwinningdocumentaryfilmmakersandateamofgraduateteachingassistants,orthesamecoursetaughtinpersonbyanaverageinstructor?Differentstudentswouldofcoursechoosedifferently.Butthereisamplereasontobelievethatexperiencewiththefirstoptionwouldeventuallyleadasubstantialproportionofstudentstopreferit,eveniftheywerechargedthesameamountforeitherapproach.Butbecauseofeconomiesofscale,theremoteoptionwouldenjoyasubstantialcostadvantage.AsPhilipCookwroteinhis1995book,“TheWinner-Take-AllSociety,”thesearepreciselytheconditionsthatgiverisetowinner-take-allmarkets.Astechnologyhasexpandedthereachofthemostableperformers,theyhavebeencapturingeverlargersharesofworldwidemarketsacrossahostofdomains.

【答案】你會選擇哪一種課程：是由世界上最有知識的導師之一講授，由獲獎紀錄片制片人和研究生助教團隊支持的在線課程，還是由一名普通教師親自教授的課程？不同的學生當然會做出不同的選擇。但我們有充足的理由相信，第一種選擇的經(jīng)驗最終會讓相當一部分學生更喜歡它，即使這兩種方式收取的費用相同。但由于規(guī)模經(jīng)濟，遠程選項將享有巨大的成本優(yōu)勢。正如菲利普?庫克在他1995年的著作《贏者通吃的社會》中所寫的那樣，正是這些條件催生了贏者通吃的市場。隨著科技擴大了最有能力的執(zhí)行者的范圍，他們在許多領域的全球市場中占據(jù)了越來越大的份額。

3.單選題

Momflippedher（）whenshefoundoutIwaspregnant.

問題1選項

A.chart

B.finger

C.side

D.lid

【答案】D

【解析】考查固定短語搭配。Flipone’slid是一句美國俚語，意為發(fā)怒，發(fā)火，失去控制，變得狂熱，大發(fā)脾氣。句意：媽媽發(fā)現(xiàn)我懷孕后大發(fā)雷霆。因此D選項正確。

4.單選題

Sportingactivitiesareessentiallymodifiedformsofhuntingbehavior.Viewedbiologically,themodernfootballeris（1）asamemberofadisguisedhuntingpack.Hiskillingweaponhasturnedintoaharmlessfootballandhispreyintoagoal-mouth.Ifhisaimis（2）andhescoresagoal,heenjoysthehunter’striumphofkillinghisprey.

Tounderstandhowthis（3）hastakenplacewemustbrieflylook（4）ourancientancestors.Theyspentoveramillionyearsevolvingasco-operativehunters.Theirvery（5）dependedonsuccessinthehunting-field.Underthispressuretheirwholewayoflife,eventheirbodies,became（6）changed.Theybecamechasers,runners,jumpers,aimers,throwers（7）prey-killers.Theyco-operateasskillfulmale-groupattackers.

Then,abouttenthousandyearsago,afterthis（8）longformativeperiodofhuntingforfood,theybecamefarmers.Theirimprovedintelligence,sovitaltotheiroldhuntinglife,（9）puttoanewuse—thatofpenning,controllinganddomesticatingtheirprey.Thefoodwasthereonthefarms,awaitingtheirneeds.Therisksanduncertaintiesof（10）werenolongeressentialforsurvival.

問題1選項

A.exhibited

B.displayed

C.paraded

D.revealed

問題2選項

A.accurate

B.inaccurate

C.comfortable

D.uncomfortable

問題3選項

A.transformation

B.transmission

C.transaction

D.transition

問題4選項

A.at

B.up

C.into

D.on

問題5選項

A.image

B.pledge

C.survival

D.appeal

問題6選項

A.restrictively

B.radically

C.practically

D.exclusively

問題7選項

A.and

B.or

C.but

D.so

問題8選項

A.immensely

B.immerse

C.imminently

D.permanent

問題9選項

A.was

B.were

C.is

D.are

問題10選項

A.hunting

B.farming

C.killing

D.penning

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:A

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:C

第6題:B

第7題:A

第8題:A

第9題:A

第10題:A

【解析】1.考查動詞辨析。A選項exhibited“表現(xiàn)出；展覽”；B選項displayed“陳列；展示；表露（特點、素質(zhì)、情感）”；C選項paraded“（為使自己獲益而）展示；游行”；D選項revealed“透露；揭露”。句意：從生物學角度來看，現(xiàn)代足球運動員______是偽裝的狩獵群體中的一員。根據(jù)語境，這里是生物學的角度顯示出現(xiàn)代足球運動員是偽裝的狩獵者，D選項revealed“透露；揭露”符合題意。因此D選項正確。

2.考查形容詞辨析。A選項accurate“準確的；精確的”；B選項inaccurate“不準確的”；C選項comfortable“舒服的”；D選項uncomfortable“不舒服的”。句意：如果他目標______，并且得分，會享受類似獵人殺死獵物取得勝利的感覺。根據(jù)語境，這里指足球運動員踢進足球贏得分數(shù)，A選項accurate“準確的；精確的”符合題意。因此A選項正確。

3.考查名詞辨析。A選項transformation“轉(zhuǎn)變；（徹底的）變化”；B選項transmission“傳送；傳播”；C選項transaction“交易”；D選項transition“轉(zhuǎn)型；（逐漸地）轉(zhuǎn)向”。句意：為了理解這種______是如何發(fā)生的。根據(jù)文章第一句可知體育活動本質(zhì)上是狩獵行為的改良，所以體育活動是從狩獵行為演變而來，A選項transformation“轉(zhuǎn)變；（徹底的）變化”符合題意。因此A選項正確。

4.考查固定搭配。A選項lookat“看；考慮；著眼于”；B選項lookup“查閱；（久別后）拜訪”；C選項lookinto“觀察；調(diào)查；瀏覽”；D選項lookon“看待；視作”。句意：我們必須簡略地______我們的祖先。根據(jù)語境，這里是指看看我們的祖先的具體情況，A選項lookat“看；考慮；著眼于”符合題意。因此A選項正確。

5.考查名詞辨析。A選項image“想象”；B選項pledge“諾言；抵押”；C選項survival“幸存”；D選項appeal“上訴；吸引力”。句意：他們的______取決于在獵場上的成功。根據(jù)語境，這里指在獵場上成功捕到獵物讓他們生存下來，C選項survival“幸存”符合題意。因此C選項正確。

6.考查副詞辨析。A選項restrictively“限制性地”；B選項radically“從根本上，徹底地”；C選項practically“實事求是地”；D選項exclusively“唯一地，專有地”。句意：在這種壓力下，他們的整個生活方式，甚至他們的身體，都發(fā)生了______變化。根據(jù)上文，這里指成功捕獵才能存活的壓力讓我們的祖先發(fā)生了變化，以及下一句中交代的追逐、賽跑、跳高、瞄準、投擲等，可知這是生活方式和身體上質(zhì)的變化，B選項radically“從根本上；徹底地”符合題意。因此B選項正確。

7.考查連詞辨析。A選項and“和”；B選項or“或者”；C選項but“但是”；D選項so“所以”。句意：他們成為追逐者、賽跑者、跳高者、瞄準者、投擲者______捕食者。根據(jù)語境，這里表示并列，包含這里列出的所有身份，A選項and“和”符合題意。因此A選項正確。

8.考查詞義辨析。A選項immensely“極其地；非常地”；B選項immerse“使浸沒于；沉浸在”；C選項imminently“緊急地；迫切地”；D選項permanent“永恒的”。句意：然后，大約一萬年前，在經(jīng)歷了______漫長的狩獵形成時期之后，他們成為了農(nóng)民。根據(jù)語境，這里的一萬年非常久，A選項immensely“極其地，非常地”修飾long“長的”比較合理。因此A選項正確。

9.考查主謂一致。句意：他們的智力提高了，這對它們以前的狩獵生活至關重要，現(xiàn)在智力又有了新的用途——圈養(yǎng)、控制和馴養(yǎng)獵物。根據(jù)主語是intelligence確定謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，根據(jù)動作發(fā)生在以前確定用一般過去時，所以A選項was正確，其余選項語法錯誤。因此A選項正確。

10.考查名詞辨析。A選項hunting“捕獵”；B選項farming“耕作”；C選項killing“謀殺”；D選項penning“用石塊鋪砌”。句意：______的風險和不確定性不再是生存的必要條件。根據(jù)上文，捕獵是生存的必要條件，A選項hunting“捕獵”符合題意。因此A選項正確。

5.單選題

21-25

問題1選項

A.Suicide.

B.Obesity.

C.Turmoil.

D.Drugabuse.

問題2選項

A.Preventable.

B.Destructive.

C.Treatable.

D.Curable.

問題3選項

A.Combiningantidepressantsandtalktherapy.

B.Promotingthetransmissionbetweenneurons.

C.Winningparentalassistanceandsupport.

D.Administeringeffectiveantidepressants.24.

問題4選項

A.Becauseitaddstotheeffectoftreatment.

B.Becauseitworksbetterthanthemedications.

C.Becauseitcantaketheplaceofantidepressants.

D.Becauseithelpsreducetheuseofantidepressants.25.

問題5選項

A.65percent.

B.75percent.

C.85percent.

D.95percent.

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:C

第3題:A

第4題:A

第5題:B

【解析】(21)Suicideisaveryrealriskforyoungpeoplewhosufferfromclinicaldepression.Infactduringthepasttwoyearssuicidehasincreasedamongyouthsbetweentheagesof10and19,buttherearen'ttreatmentsthatcanhelp.(22)(23)Researchersshowthatthemosteffectivetreatmentisthecombinationofanti-depressionandtalktherapy.Anti-depressantsworkbyincreasingchemical—whichfacilitatecommunicationsbetweenneuronsinthebrainAnti-depressantsarethemosteffectivetreatmentformostadults.Butwhenitcomestoteenagers,it’snotenough.”SaysdoctorR,apsychiatrist.With—universitymedicalcenter.13ageyearsarefullofturmoil,emotionsandchanges.Andtherearefamilyconflictsandconflictswithrelationshipthatcancontributetodistressinadolescentssays.Andanti-depressantmedicationsmaynotbeabletodealwithallofthoseproblems,"psychotherapy,specificallyproblem-behavioraltherapyneedtobecombined,"hesays.(24)(25)Inhisrecentmajorstudy,withthetherapyinusealongwithanti-depressants.75%ofkidsarereportedfeelingbetterandlesssuicidalafter3monthprobablybecausetheproblem-behavioraltherapytacklethinkingandfeelinginaveryparticularwaythatmedicinesmaynot.Andinparticularsuicidalcase.Itintervenesinapositiveway.Say.doctorF,apsychiatristwith—inthemedicalcollege.

21.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

【解析】從首句可知：對于臨床抑郁癥的年輕人來講，他們非常有可能自殺。因此本文的主要內(nèi)容是講如何治療抑郁從而避免自殺的風險。故A為正確選項。

22.Towhatextentcantheproblembedealtwith?

【解析】通過文章中的“researchersshowthatthemosteffectivetreatmentisthecombinationofanti-depressionandtalktherapy”（研究表明，最有效的治療方式是抗抑郁和談話治療的結(jié)合），由此可知，臨床抑郁癥是可治療的。故本題選C。

23.Whatwayisthebetteralternativenowtotreattheproblems?

【解析】通過上題解析可知，A項正確。

24.Whyshouldtalktherapybecombined?

【解析】通過錄音中可知，75%的青少年都在使用心理療法（psychotherapy）之后，感覺會好一些，自殺的沖動也會減輕。因此，心理療法可以與藥物療法同時使用，因為能增加后者的效果。故本題選A。

25.Whatisthepercentageofthekidswhofeelbetterafterthecombinedtherapy?

【解析】該數(shù)字應為75%。

6.單選題

Tosurviveintheintensetradecompetitionbetweencountries,wemust（）thequalitiesandvarietiesofproductswemaketotheworld-marketdemand.

問題1選項

A.improve

B.enhance

C.gear

D.guarantee

【答案】C

【解析】近義詞辨析題。A選項improve“改善，增加”；B選項enhance“提高，加強”；C選項gear“使...適合”，后面通常接介詞to；D選項guarantee“擔保，保證”。句意：為了在國家間激烈的貿(mào)易競爭中生存，我們必須使我們生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量和種類適應世界市場的需求。選項C更符合語境。

7.翻譯題

中國政府承諾將通過引進區(qū)域氣候改善項目，關閉小煤窯和發(fā)電廠以及繼續(xù)對商業(yè)排放進行實驗的舉措，來進一步實現(xiàn)綠色環(huán)保的目標。在中央及各地方政府的努力下，2008年中國在節(jié)能減排方面取得一定成效。2月份國家統(tǒng)計局的年度報告顯示，2008年中國的能耗下降了4.59%，略高于統(tǒng)計局之前降幅約4.21%的估計。但是數(shù)據(jù)顯示兩大污染物SO2和COD同2005年的水平相比，分別下降了7%和5%。根據(jù)十一五計劃，到2010年，工業(yè)用水的需求量將比2005年下降20%，而森林覆蓋率將占到全國面積的20%，比2005年上漲18.2%。

【答案】【參考譯文】TheChinesegovernmentpromisestofurtherachievethegoalofgreenandenvironmentalprotectionthroughintroducingprojectsforimprovingregionalclimate,shuttingdownsmallcoalminesandpowerplantsandalsocontinuingtoexperimentwithcommercialemissions.Undertheeffortsofthecentralandlocalgovernments,Chinahasmadecertainachievementsintheaspectofenergyconservationandemissionsreductionin2008.TheannualreportmadebytheNationalBureauofStatisticsinFebruaryshowedthatChina’senergyconsumptiondroppedby4.59%in2008,slightlyhigherthanthedeclineofabout4.21%previouslyestimatedbytheNationalBureauofStatistics.ButthedataindicatedthattheemissionamountofthetwomajorpollutantsSO2andCODfellby7%and5%respectivelycomparedwiththosein2005.Accordingtothe11thfive-yearplan,by2010,thedemandforindustrialwaterwillbe20%lowerthanthatin2005,buttherateofforestcoveragewillaccountfor20%ofthenationalterritoryarea,rising18.2%thanthatin2005.

8.不定項選擇題

Sincewearesocialbeings,thequalityofourlivesdependsinlargemeasureonourinterpersonalrelationships.Onestrengthofthehumanconditionisourtendencytogiveandreceivesupportfromoneanotherunderstressfulcircumstances.Socialsupportconsistsoftheexchangeofresourcesamongpeoplebasedontheirinterpersonalties.

Thoseofuswithstrongsupportsystemsappearbetterabletocopewithmajorlifechangesanddailyhassles.Peoplewithstrongsocialtieslivelongerandhavebetterhealththanthosewithoutsuchties.Studiesoverarangeofillnesses,fromdepressiontoheartdisease,revealthatthepresenceofsocialsupporthelpspeoplefendoffillness,andtheabsenceofsuchsupportmakespoorhealthmorelikely.

Socialsupportcushionsstressinanumberofways.First,friends,relatives,andco-workersmayletusknowthattheyvalueus.Ourself-respectisstrengthenedwhenwefeelacceptedbyothersdespiteourfaultsanddifficulties.Second,otherpeopleoftenprovideuswithinformationalsupport.Theyhelpustodefineandunderstandourproblemsandfindsolutionstothem.Third,wetypicallyfindsocialcompanionshipsupportive.Engaginginleisure-timeactivitieswithothershelpsustomeetoursocialneedswhileatthesametimedistractingusfromourworriesandtroubles.Finally,otherpeoplemaygiveusinstrumentalsupport—afinancialaid,materialresources,andneededservices—thatreducesstressbyhelpingusresolveandcopewithourproblems.

1.Interpersonalrelationshipsareimportantbecause______.

2.Researchshowsthatpeople’sphysicalandmentalhealth______.

3.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheword“cushions”(Para.3)?

4.Helpingasickneighborwithsomerepairworkisanexampleof______.

5.Socialcompanionshipisbeneficialinthat______.

問題1選項

A.theyareindispensabletopeople’ssocialwell-being

B.theywakenpeople’sdesiretoexchangeresources

C.theyhelppeopletocopewithlifeintheinformationera

D.theycancurearangeofillnessessuchasheartdisease,etc.

問題2選項

A.reliesonthesocialwelfaresystemswhichsupportthem

B.hasmuchtodowiththeamountofsupporttheygetfromothers

C.dependsontheirabilitytodealwithdailyworriesandtroubles

D.iscloselyrelatedtotheirstrengthforcopingwithmajorchangesintheirlives

問題3選項

A.Addsupto.

B.Doesawaywith.

C.Lessenstheeffectof.

D.Laysthefoundationfor.

問題4選項

A.instrumentalsupport

B.informationalsupport

C.socialcompanionship

D.thestrengtheningofself-respect

問題5選項

A.ithelpsstrengthenourtieswithrelatives

B.itenablesustoeliminateourfaultsandmistakes

C.itmakesourleisure-timeactivitiesmoreenjoyable

D.itdrawsourattentionawayfromourworriesandtroubles

【答案】第1題:A

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.【選項釋義】

1.Interpersonalrelationshipsareimportantbecause______.1.人際關系很重要，因為______。

A.theyareindispensabletopeople’ssocialwell-beingA.它們對人們的社會福祉不可或缺

B.theywakenpeople’sdesiretoexchangeresourcesB.它們喚醒了人們交換資源的欲望

C.theyhelppeopletocopewithlifeintheinformationeraC.他們幫助人們應對信息時代的生活

D.theycancurearangeofillnessessuchasheartdisease,etc.D.他們能治療一系列的疾病，如心臟病等。

【考查點】細節(jié)事實題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第一段第一句“由于我們是社會人，我們的生活質(zhì)量在很大程度上取決于我們的人際關系”可知，人際關系對我們的生活質(zhì)量很重要，A項“它們對人們的社會福祉不可或缺”與之相近，故該題選擇A項符合題意。

【干擾項排除】

B項“它們喚醒了人們交換資源的欲望”，原文只提到資源交換是社會支持的一部分，文中沒有提到人際關系促進交換資源，該項屬于曲解原文；

C項“他們幫助人們應對信息時代的生活”沒有提到，該項屬于無中生有；

D項“他們能治療一系列的疾病，如心臟病等”，根據(jù)第二段最后一句“社會支持的存在有助于人們抵御疾病……”可知，人際關系只是幫助預防疾病，不能治愈疾病，該項屬于曲解原文。

2.【選項釋義】

2.Researchshowsthatpeople’sphysicalandmentalhealth______.2.研究表明人們的身心健康______。

A.reliesonthesocialwelfaresystemswhichsupportthemA.依靠支持他們的社會福利體系

B.hasmuchtodowiththeamountofsupporttheygetfromothersB.和他們從別人那里得到的支持有很大關系

C.dependsontheirabilitytodealwithdailyworriesandtroublesC.取決于他們處理日常擔憂和煩惱的能力

D.iscloselyrelatedtotheirstrengthforcopingwithmajorchangesintheirlivesD.與他們應對生活中重大變化的能力密切相關

【考查點】細節(jié)事實題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關鍵詞research定位至第二段最后一句“對從抑郁癥到心臟病等一系列疾病的研究表明，社會支持的存在有助于人們抵御疾病，而缺乏這種支持則更有可能導致健康狀況不佳”理解可知，人們的身心健康和社會支持有很大的關系，B項“和他們從別人那里得到的支持有很大關系”符合題意。

【干擾項排除】

A項“依靠支持他們的社會福利體系”沒有提到，該項屬于無中生有；

C項“取決于他們處理日常擔憂和煩惱的能力”，第二段第一句提到有社會支持的人似乎更能應付日常的煩惱，和人們的身心健康無關，該項屬于出處錯位；

D項“與他們應對生活中重大變化的能力密切相關”，根據(jù)第二段第一句“我們這些有強大支持系統(tǒng)的人似乎（appear）更能應付重大的生活變化和日常的煩惱”可知，應對生活中重大變化的能力并不是研究得出的結(jié)論，該項屬于出處錯位。

3.【選項釋義】

3.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheword“cushions”(Para.3)?3.下列哪項在意思上最接近第三段的詞“cushions”？

A.Addsupto.A.總計為

B.Doesawaywith.B.消除

C.Lessenstheeffectof.C.減少……的效果

D.Laysthefoundationfor.D.奠定基礎

【考查點】詞義推測題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至第三段第一句“社會支持可以從很多方面cushion壓力”，結(jié)合下文提到社會支持能加強自尊、提供信息支持、滿足社會需求與分散我們的憂慮和煩惱、以及提供物質(zhì)支持，綜合理解可以推斷，社會支持可以緩解壓力，cushion表示的是“緩解”，C項“減少……的效果”與之相近，故該題選擇C項。

【干擾項排除】A項“總計為”、B項“消除”、D項“奠定基礎”詞義都不符合，這三項屬于曲解原文。

4.【選項釋義】

4.Helpingasickneighborwithsomerepairworkisanexampleof______.4.幫助生病的鄰居做一些維修工作是______的一個例子。

A.instrumentalsupportA.物質(zhì)支持

B.informationalsupportB.信息支持

C.socialcompanionshipC.社會交往

D.thestrengtheningofself-respectD.自尊加強

【考查點】細節(jié)事實題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第三段最后一句“最后，其他人可能給我們提供物質(zhì)支持——經(jīng)濟援助、物質(zhì)資源和所需服務——通過幫助我們解決和處理問題來減輕我們的壓力”可知，經(jīng)濟援助、物質(zhì)資源和提供所需服務都是物質(zhì)支持，幫助生病的鄰居做一些維修工作是提供所需服務，屬于物質(zhì)支持，故該題選擇A項“物質(zhì)支持”符合題意。

【干擾項排除】B項“信息支持”、C項“社會交往”和D項“自尊加強”都屬于出處錯位。

5.【選項釋義】

5.Socialcompanionshipisbeneficialinthat______.5.社會交往是有益的，因為______。

A.ithelpsstrengthenourtieswithrelativesA.它有助于加強我們與親戚之間的聯(lián)系

B.itenablesustoeliminateourfaultsandmistakesB.它使我們能夠消除我們的缺點和錯誤

C.itmakesourleisure-timeactivitiesmoreenjoyableC.它使我們的休閑活動更加愉快

D.itdrawsourattentionawayfromourworriesandtroublesD.它把我們的注意力從憂慮和煩惱中轉(zhuǎn)移開

【考查點】細節(jié)事實題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干定位至最后一段倒數(shù)第二句和第三句“第三，我們通常會發(fā)現(xiàn)社會交往是有幫助的。與他人一起參加休閑活動能幫助我們滿足社會需求，同時也能分散我們的憂慮和煩惱?！崩斫饪芍?，社會交往能分散我們的憂慮和煩惱，該題選擇D項“它把我們的注意力從憂慮和煩惱中轉(zhuǎn)移開”符合題意。

【干擾項排除】

A項“它有助于加強我們與親戚之間的聯(lián)系”是社會支持其中一方面的好處，與題干無關，該項屬于出處錯位；

B項“它使我們能夠消除我們的缺點和錯誤”和C項“它使我們的休閑活動更加愉快”沒有提到，這兩項屬于無中生有。

9.單選題

In1923theinnovativeRussianfilmmakerDzigaVertovdescribedfilmmakingasaprocessthatleadsviewerstowarda“freshperceptionoftheworld.”Vertov’sdescriptionoffilmmakingshouldapplytofilmsonthesubjectofart.Yetfilmsonarthavenothadapowerfulandpervasiveeffectonthewaywesee.

Publicationsonartflourish,butthesebooksandarticlesdonotnecessarilysucceedinteachingustoseemoredeeplyormoreclearly.Muchwritinginarthistoryadvancesthediscourseinthefieldbutisunlikelytoinformtheeyeofoneunfamiliarwithitspolemics.Films,however,withtheircapacitytopresentmaterialvisuallyandtoreachabroaderaudience,havethepotentialtoenhancevisualliteracy(theabilitytoidentifythedetailsthatcharacterizeaparticularstyle)moreeffectivelythanpublicationscan.Unfortunately,fewofthehundredorsofilmsonartthataremadeeachyearintheUnitedStatesarebroadcastnationallyonprime-timetelevision.

Thefactthatfilmsonartarerarelyseenonprime-timetelevisionmaybeduenotonlytolimitationsondistributionbutalsototheshortcomingsofmanysuchfilms.Someoftheseshortcomingscanbeattributedtothefailureofarthistoriansandfilmmakerstocollaboratecloselyenoughwhenmakingfilmsonart.Theseprofessionalsareable,withintheirrespectivedisciplines,toincreaseourawarenessofvisualforms.Forclosecollaborationtooccur,professionalsineachdisciplineneedtorecognizethatfilmsonartcanbebotheducationalandentertaining,butthiswillrequirecompromiseonbothsides.Afilmmakerwhoiscreatingafilmabouttheworkofanartistshouldnotfollowthestandardssetbyrockvideosandadvertising.Filmmakersneedtoresisttheimpulsetomovethecameraquicklyfromdetailtodetailforfearofboringtheviewer,toframetheimageforthesakeofdramaalone,toadmusicforfearofsilence.Filmmakersareawarethatanartobjectdemandsconcentrationand,atthesametime,areconcernedthatitmaynotbecompellingenough-andsotheyhopetoprovidereliefbyinterposing“real”scenesthatbearonlyatangentialrelationshiptothesubject.Butaworkofartneedstobeexploredonitsownterms.Ontheotherhand,arthistoriansneedtotrustthatonecanindicateandanalyze,notsolelywithwords,butalsobydirectingtheviewer’sgaze.Thespecializedwrittenlanguageofarthistoryneedstoberelinquishedoratleasttemperedforthescreen.Onlyaneffectivecollaborationbetweenfilmmakersandarthistorianscancreatefilmsthatwillenhanceviewers’perceptionsofart.

1.Thepassagesuggeststhatafilmmakerdesiringtoenhanceviewers’perceptionsofartshoulddowhichofthefollowing?

2.TheauthorofthepassagereferstoVertovinthefirstparagraphmostprobablyinorderto

3.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthepassage?

4.Thepassageisprimarilyconcernedwith（

）.

5.Theauthorwouldmostlikelyagreewithwhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutfilmandvisualliteracy?

6.Accordingtothepassage,arthistoriansdesiringtoworkwithfilmmakerstoenhancethepublic’sappreciationofartneedtoacknowledgewhichofthefollowing?

7.Whichofthefollowingwoulddescribetheauthor’smostlikelyreactiontoaclaimthatfilmsonartwouldmoresuccessfullypromotevisualliteracyiftheyfollowedthestandardssetforrockvideos?

問題1選項

A.Relyonthepreciselanguageofarthistorywhendevelopingscriptsforfilmsonart.

B.Relyondramaticnarrativeandmusictosetafilm’stoneandstyle.

C.Recognizethataworkofartbyitselfcanbecompellingenoughtoholdaviewer’sattention.

D.Dependmorestronglyonnarrationinsteadofcameramovementstoguidetheviewer’sgaze.

問題2選項

A.provideanexampleofhowfilmscanbeusedtoinfluenceperceptions

B.presentevidencetosupporttheargumentthatfilmshavebeenusedsuccessfullytoinfluenceviewers’perceptions

C.introducethenotionthatfilmcaninfluencehowviewerssee

D.contrastatraditionalviewoftheusesoffilmwithamoremodemview

問題3選項

A.Anobservationaboutanunsatisfactorysituationisoffered,thereasonsforthesituationarediscussed,andthenwaystochangeitaresuggested.

B.Twoopinionsregardingacontroversialphenomenonarecontrasted,supportingevidenceforeachispresented,andthenthetwoopinionsarereconciled.

C.Criticismofapointofviewisdiscussed,thecriticismisanswered,andthenthecriticismisappliedtoanotherpointofview.

D.Apointofviewisdescribed,evidencesupportingtheviewisprovided,andthenasummaryispresented.

問題4選項

A.discussingwhyfilm’spotentialasamediumforpresentingarttothegeneralpublichasnotbeenfullyrealizedandhowfilmmightbemademoreeffectiveinthisregard

B.discussingtheshortcomingsoffilmsonartandthetechnologicalinnovationsrequiredtoincreasetheimpactoffilmonvisualliteracy

C.discussingtheadvantagesandthedisadvantagesofusingfilmsratherthanpublicationstopresentworksofarttothegeneralpublic

D.presentinginformationtosupporttheviewthatfilmsonartmustfocusmoreoneducationandlessonentertainmentinordertoincreasevisualliteracy.

問題5選項

A.Readingapublicationaboutaworkofartandthenseeingafilmaboutthesameworkisthemosteffectivewaytodevelopvisualliteracy.

B.Anincreaseinaviewer’sawarenessofvisualformswillalsoleadtoanincreasedattentionspan.

C.Filmhasagreatbutnotyetfullyexploitedcapacitytoincreaseviewers’awarenessofvisualforms.

D.Afilmthatfocusesonthedetailsofaworkofartwillhinderthedevelopmentofvisualliteracy.

問題6選項

A.Thearthistorian’sroleinthecreationofafilmonartislikelytobearelativelyminorone.

B.Filmcanusenonverbalmeanstoachievesomeofthesameresultsthataspokenorwrittendiscoursecanachieve.

C.Anin-depthanalysisofaworkofartisnotanappropriatetopicforafilmonart.

D.Althoughsilencemaybeanappropriateback-groundwhenviewingaworkofartinamuseum,itisinappropriateinafilm.