考研考博-英語(yǔ)-安徽工貿(mào)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書(shū)山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語(yǔ)-安徽工貿(mào)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請(qǐng)謹(jǐn)慎購(gòu)買！第壹套一.全考點(diǎn)押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Itiseasiertogetdivorcedtodaythanintimespast,butitisnolesspainful.Studieshaveshownthatbothmenandwomensuffersignificantstressattwokeypoints:beforethedecisiontodivorceandatthetimeofthefinalseparation.Poorhealth,difficultyinsleepingandworking,loneliness,depression,anxiety,loweredself-esteem,andimpairedmemoryareallassociatedwiththedivorceprocess.Intheirstudyof252menandwomencurrentlyundergoingadivorce,DavidA.ChiribogaandLoraineCutlerfoundthatmenweremorevulnerabletostressthanwomen.Atthesametime,closeto50percentofbothmenandwomenreportedthattheyfeltsomereliefasaresultofhavinginitiatedthedivorceprocess.

Thechildrenofacoupleplanningtodivorcealsoshareinthepain,especiallyimmediatelyfollowingtheseparation.Intheirstudyoffamilybreakup,JudithS.WallersteinandJoanB.Kellyfoundthatparentsrarelypreparetheirchildrenforthecomingcrisis,nordotheyprovidethemwiththenecessaryassurancesthattheywillbecaredfor.Preoccupiedbytheirpersonalproblems,theparentsareofteninsensitivetotheirchildren'sanger,fearorperplexity.Whendivorcenecessitatesthatthemothergotowork,thechildmaybeplacedinunfamiliarchildcarearrangements,andbothmotherandfatherbecomesubstantiallylessavailable.Thefirstyearfollowingadivorceistypicallythemoststressfulfortheparentsandforthechild.Inthelongrun,however,divorceisnotnecessarilypsychologicallydamagingtochildren,particularlywhenbothparentsremainaccessibleandloving.

Whateverthepainthatdivorceinflicts,itdoesnotseemtosourpeopleontheinstitutionofmarriage.Afourthofthepeoplewhogetdivorcedareremarriedwithintheyear,and75percentremarrywithinnineyearsofdivorce.Aboutfiveofeverysixdivorcedmenandthreeofeveryfourdivorcedwomenmarryagain.Onereasonthatmenaremorelikelytoremarrythanwomenisthatmentypicallymarryyoungerwomen.Whenweconsiderthatbyagetwenty-sevenwomenbeginoutnumberingmen,wecanseehowmiddle-agedandoldermenhavealargerpoolofpotentialpartnersfromwhichtochoosethandowomen.Insum,whilemarriagemaybedifficulttosustain,itiscertainlynotgoingoutofstyle.

1.Accordingtothepassage,womensuffersignificantstresswhen（）

2.Thedivorcedparentsignoretheirchildren'sangerandfearbecause（）.

3.Fromthispassagewecanknowthat（）.

4.Accordingtothepassage,thepercentageofremarryingmanishigherthanthatofthewomenby（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.theyareforcedtoleavetheirchildren

B.thepropertyisdivided

C.makinguptheirmindtogetadivorce

D.goingtoacourt

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.theyarepoorlypreparedforthecomingcrisis

B.theyareundergreatstress

C.theythinktoomuchabouttheirownproblems

D.theyhavetoliveontheirown

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.divorcemaydogreaterharmtochildrenmentallyandphysicallythantheparents

B.familybreakupcanbeavoidedifthecouple'spersonalproblemsaresettled

C.marriageremainspopularinspiteofrisingdivorcerate

D.Childrenwilllosetheparentalcareandloveaftertheirparentsgetdivorced

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.25%

B.75%

C.8%

D.27%

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:C

第3題:C

第4題:C

【解析】第1題:1.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

1.Accordingtothepassage,womensuffersignificantstresswhen______.1.根據(jù)這篇文章，當(dāng)女性______時(shí)，她們會(huì)承受巨大的壓力。

A.theyareforcedtoleavetheirchildrenA.女性被迫離開(kāi)她們的孩子

B.thepropertyisdividedB.財(cái)產(chǎn)被分割

C.makinguptheirmindtogetadivorceC.決定離婚

D.goingtoacourtD.上法庭

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞womensuffersignificantstress可定位到第一段第二句“研究表明，男人和女人都在兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻承受著巨大的壓力，即在決定離婚之前和最后分居的時(shí)候（beforethedecisiontodivorceandatthetimeofthefinalseparation）”。所以選項(xiàng)C符合原文。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A項(xiàng)“女性被迫離開(kāi)她們的孩子”、B項(xiàng)“財(cái)產(chǎn)被分割”和D項(xiàng)“上法庭”都沒(méi)提到，無(wú)中生有。

第2題:2.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

2.Thedivorcedparentsignoretheirchildren’sangerandfearbecause______.2.離婚的父母無(wú)視孩子的憤怒和恐懼，因?yàn)開(kāi)_____。

A.theyarepoorlypreparedforthecomingcrisisA.他們對(duì)即將到來(lái)的危機(jī)準(zhǔn)備不足

B.theyareundergreatstressB.他們的壓力很大

C.theythinktoomuchabouttheirownproblemsC.他們對(duì)自己的問(wèn)題想得太多了

D.theyhavetoliveontheirownD.他們必須靠自己生活

【考查點(diǎn)】事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞children’sangerandfear定位到第二段的第三句“父母往往被自己的個(gè)人問(wèn)題所困擾（Preoccupiedbytheirpersonalproblems），所以對(duì)孩子的憤怒、恐懼或困惑無(wú)動(dòng)于衷”。理解可知，離婚的父母無(wú)視孩子的憤怒和恐懼，是因?yàn)楦改副蛔约旱膫€(gè)人問(wèn)題所困擾，C項(xiàng)“他們對(duì)自己的問(wèn)題想得太多了”與原文一致。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“他們對(duì)即將到來(lái)的危機(jī)準(zhǔn)備不足”和B項(xiàng)“他們的壓力很大”在文中有提及，但不是對(duì)孩子的憤怒等情緒無(wú)動(dòng)于衷的原因，張冠李戴；

D項(xiàng)“他們必須靠自己生活”在文中沒(méi)有原文依據(jù)，無(wú)中生有。

第3題:3.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

3.Fromthispassagewecanknowthat______.3.從這篇文章中我們可以知道______。

A.divorcemaydogreaterharmtochildrenmentallyandphysicallythantheparentsA.離婚對(duì)孩子的身心傷害可能比父母更大

B.familybreakupcanbeavoidedifthecouple’spersonalproblemsaresettledB.如果夫妻倆的個(gè)人問(wèn)題得到解決，家庭破裂是可以避免的

C.marriageremainspopularinspiteofrisingdivorcerateC.盡管離婚率不斷上升，婚姻仍然很受歡迎

D.childrenwilllosetheparentalcareandloveaftertheirparentsgetdivorcedD.父母離婚后，孩子就會(huì)失去父母的關(guān)愛(ài)

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】根據(jù)第三段第一句話“不管離婚會(huì)帶來(lái)怎樣的痛苦，它似乎不會(huì)讓人們對(duì)婚姻制度感到厭惡（itdoesnotseemtosourpeopleontheinstitutionofmarriage）”以及最后一句話“盡管婚姻難以維持，但它肯定不會(huì)過(guò)時(shí)（itiscertainlynotgoingoutofstyle）”，從notgoingoutofstyle（不過(guò)時(shí)）可推測(cè)，盡管離婚率升高，但結(jié)婚依然很流行。C項(xiàng)“盡管離婚率不斷上升，婚姻仍然很受歡迎”正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“離婚對(duì)孩子的身心傷害可能比父母更大”，第二段雖然提到“離婚后的第一年對(duì)父母和孩子來(lái)說(shuō)通常是壓力最大的一年”，但并沒(méi)有孩子與父母受到傷害之間的比較，屬于曲解原文；

B項(xiàng)“如果夫妻倆的個(gè)人問(wèn)題得到解決，家庭破裂是可以避免的”，由第二段可知，文中提到父母總是忙于自己的個(gè)人問(wèn)題，往往對(duì)孩子的憤怒、恐懼或困惑無(wú)動(dòng)于衷，但是并沒(méi)有個(gè)人問(wèn)題解決，家庭就不會(huì)破碎的相關(guān)說(shuō)法，該項(xiàng)無(wú)中生有；

D項(xiàng)“父母離婚后，孩子就會(huì)失去父母的關(guān)愛(ài)”從第二段最后一句話“然而，從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看，離婚并不一定會(huì)對(duì)孩子造成心理傷害，尤其是當(dāng)父母雙方都能保持親近和關(guān)愛(ài)的時(shí)候”可知，離婚會(huì)導(dǎo)致孩子失去關(guān)愛(ài)不是必然事件，而是在于父母的態(tài)度，該項(xiàng)曲解原文。

第4題:4.【選項(xiàng)釋義】

4.Accordingtothepassage,thepercentageofremarryingmanishigherthanthatofthewomenby______.4.根據(jù)這篇文章，再婚的男性比再婚的女性高_(dá)_____。

A.25%A.25%

B.75%B.75%

C.8%C.8%

D.27%D.27%

【考查點(diǎn)】推理判斷題。

【解題思路】由題干關(guān)鍵詞thepercentageofremarrying定位到本文最后一段的第三句“大約六分之五的離婚男性和四分之三的離婚女性會(huì)再婚”，所以六分之五減去四分之三等于十二分之一，約等于8%。故該題選擇C項(xiàng)正確。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】

A項(xiàng)“25%”是離婚者再婚的百分比，張冠李戴；

B項(xiàng)“75%”是離婚女性再婚的百分比，張冠李戴；

D項(xiàng)“27%”沒(méi)有提到，無(wú)中生有。

2.單選題

France's（

）ofnucleartestingintheSouthPacificlastmonthtriggeredpolitical

debatesandmassdemonstrations.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.assumption

B.consumption

C.presumption

D.resumption

【答案】D

【解析】上個(gè)月法國(guó)在南太平洋恢復(fù)核測(cè)試引起了政治討論和大規(guī)模示威活動(dòng)。

名詞辨析題。assumption“假定，設(shè)想，擔(dān)任；采取”；consumption“消費(fèi)，消耗”；presumption“放肆，傲慢；推測(cè)”；resumption“恢復(fù)，取回，重獲”。由句中“triggeredpoliticaldebatesandmassdemonstrations.引起了政治討論和大規(guī)模示威活動(dòng)”可知空格處的含義是“上個(gè)月法國(guó)在南太平洋恢復(fù)核測(cè)試”，所以D選項(xiàng)正確。

3.單選題

Needlesstosay,theterroristattacksonSeptember11______thewholenationintoextremehorror,andcouldverylikelyaffectthecourseofhumanhistory.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.escalated

B.plunged

C.converted

D.drowsed

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。A項(xiàng)escalate“逐步增強(qiáng)，逐步升高”，B項(xiàng)plunge“使突然地下落，猛插，驟降，陡峭地向下傾斜”，C項(xiàng)convert“使轉(zhuǎn)變，轉(zhuǎn)換……”，D項(xiàng)drowse“使昏昏欲睡，昏昏沉沉地消磨（時(shí)光）”。從句子結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)看，缺少謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，且后面接介詞into，由extremehorror“極度恐慌”可知，plunge…into…“使……陷入……”符合語(yǔ)境。句意：不用說(shuō)，911恐怖襲擊讓整個(gè)國(guó)家陷入了極度恐慌，很可能會(huì)影響人類歷史的進(jìn)程。因此，該題選擇B項(xiàng)正確。

4.填空題

Ingeneral,I’mgladthatIdon’townacar.（1）IdowishthatI（2）amotorcycle,though.It（3）benicetobeabletoget（4）ofthecityonweekends.Ienjoywanderinginthemountains（5）thenorthandwestofourcampus,buttransportation（6）makeithardformetodothatmorethanthreeorfourtimes（7）year.AmotorbikeisjustwhatIneed.

【答案】1.sometimes

2.owned

3.would

4.out

5.to

6.Problems

7.a

【解析】1.語(yǔ)義題。由空格前句意“我通常高興自己沒(méi)有車”中“ingeneral通?！奔翱崭窈箨P(guān)鍵詞“though但是”的對(duì)應(yīng)可推知這里表示“有時(shí)也希望自己擁有一輛摩托車”。

2.語(yǔ)義題。句意:有時(shí)也希望自己擁有一輛摩托車。此處為wish引導(dǎo)虛擬語(yǔ)氣表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的愿望（其構(gòu)成為主語(yǔ)+wishthat+從句主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式（be—律用were）。

3.這里用表將來(lái)的委婉語(yǔ)氣詞“would”表示“將會(huì)”。

4.固定搭配。getoutof離開(kāi)。

5.語(yǔ)法題。考查介詞。tothenorthandwestofsth.在…的北面和西面

6.語(yǔ)義題。句意:交通問(wèn)題讓我為難。

7.語(yǔ)義題。這里表示“每年三次或四次”。

5.單選題

Climateandweatheraffectevery（）ofourlives.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.factor

B.respect

C.aspect

D.part

【答案】C

【解析】考查近義詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)factor“因素；要素”；B選項(xiàng)respect“尊重；方面”，C選項(xiàng)aspect“方面；方向”，D選項(xiàng)part“部分；角色”；原句：氣候和天氣會(huì)影響我們生活的方方面面，固定搭配只能用aspect表示，因此C選項(xiàng)符合題意。

6.單選題

Mechanizationhasgradually（）manyoftheranchingandagriculturaljobsonceavailabletotheIndians,andfewindustrieshavebeenattractedtothearea.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.disposed

B.eliminated

C.discarded

D.terminated

【答案】B

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。A:disposed“處置”；B:eliminated“排除，消除；淘汰”；C:discarded“丟棄，拋棄”；D:terminated“結(jié)束；使終結(jié)”。句意：機(jī)械化逐漸使印度淘汰了許多牧場(chǎng)和農(nóng)業(yè)工作，而這地區(qū)很少吸引到工業(yè)。結(jié)合此處語(yǔ)境，工業(yè)化應(yīng)該是減少了農(nóng)牧業(yè)工作，因此B為正確答案。

7.單選題

Isecondhismotionthatwe（）aspecialboardtoexaminetheproblem.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.shallsetup

B.setup

C.wouldsetlip

D.sets

【答案】B

【解析】句意:我贊成他的提議，我們成立一個(gè)特別委員會(huì)來(lái)審查這個(gè)問(wèn)題。

語(yǔ)法題。考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。在motion(提議，議案)這類表示建議勸告等的從句中，動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即should+原形，should可省略，因此B正確。

8.單選題

Thefossilrecordsuggeststhatnewspeciesdonotarise______,butinsteaddevelopgraduallyfromotherexistingspecies.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.instantaneously

B.tranquilly

C.permanently

D.scientifically

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)instantaneously“即刻；突如其來(lái)地”；B選項(xiàng)tranquilly“平靜地”；C選項(xiàng)permanently“永久地”；D選項(xiàng)scientifically“系統(tǒng)地”。句意：化石記錄表明，新物種并非______出現(xiàn)，而是由其他現(xiàn)存物種逐漸發(fā)展而來(lái)。新物種是一步步發(fā)展起來(lái)的，所對(duì)應(yīng)的是非憑空出現(xiàn)，A選項(xiàng)instantaneously“突如其來(lái)地”符合題意。因此A選項(xiàng)正確。

9.單選題

Thesystemwasoriginallydeployedtopreciselylocatethepositionsofsoldiers,weapons,andtargetsby（

）geodeticlatitudeandlongitudecoordinates.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.pinpointing

B.pointing

C.putting

D.recognizing

【答案】A

【解析】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。pinpoint意為“確定，準(zhǔn)確地指出”；point意為“指出”；put意為“放”；recognize意為“認(rèn)出”。

句意：該系統(tǒng)最初是通過(guò)找出大地緯度和經(jīng)度坐標(biāo)來(lái)精確定位士兵、武器和目標(biāo)的位置。

10.單選題

The“EchoHouse”willdemonstratehowwecanlivewithhighlyefficientinsulation,solarheating,energyefficient______andorganicgardening.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.applicators

B.applications

C.applicants

D.appliances

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)applicators“涂藥器；敷帖器；上涂裝置”；B選項(xiàng)applications“應(yīng)用；申請(qǐng)；應(yīng)用程序；敷用；（對(duì)事物、學(xué)習(xí)等）投入”；C選項(xiàng)applicants“申請(qǐng)人，申請(qǐng)者；請(qǐng)求者”；D選項(xiàng)appliances“器具；器械；裝置；應(yīng)用”。原句中有幾個(gè)并列成分：highlyefficientinsulation，solarheating，energyefficient____，和organicgardening，根據(jù)上下文，這些都是與生存環(huán)境有關(guān)的詞語(yǔ)，因此我們不難排除掉與此無(wú)關(guān)的選項(xiàng)A選項(xiàng)和C選項(xiàng)。另外，原句中的幾個(gè)并列成分都是具體名詞。因此可以推斷B選項(xiàng)application“應(yīng)用；申請(qǐng)；應(yīng)用程序；敷用；（對(duì)事物、學(xué)習(xí)等）投入”與題意不符。句意：“回音屋”將向我們展示如何使用高效隔熱、太陽(yáng)能飲食、節(jié)能電器和有機(jī)園藝來(lái)生活。因此D選項(xiàng)正確。

11.翻譯題

Directingtheunionaretechnologicaladvancesthathavemadeiteasiertostoreandrapidlytransmitinformationintohomesandoffices.Fiber-opticcable,forexample—madeupofhair-thinglassfibers—isatremendouslyefficientcarrierofinformation.Lasersshootinglightthroughglassfibercantransmit250,000timesasmuchdataasastandardtelephonewire,ortensofthousandsofparagraphssuchasthisoneeverysecond.

Thegreatlyincreasedvolumeandspeedofdatatransmissionthatthesetechnologiespermitcanbecomparedtothewayinwhichahighwaywithmanylanesallowsmorecarstomoveatfasterspeedsthanatwo-lanehighway—hence,theinformationsuperhighway.

【答案】【參考譯文】引導(dǎo)聯(lián)合的是技術(shù)進(jìn)步，技術(shù)的進(jìn)步使信息更容易存儲(chǔ)和迅速傳輸?shù)郊彝ズ娃k公室。例如，由細(xì)如發(fā)絲的玻璃纖維制成的光纖是一種非常高效的信息載體。通過(guò)玻璃纖維發(fā)的激光可以傳輸標(biāo)準(zhǔn)電話線25萬(wàn)倍的數(shù)據(jù)，或者每秒傳輸數(shù)萬(wàn)段這樣的段落。

這些技術(shù)極大地增加了數(shù)據(jù)傳輸?shù)牧亢退俣?，可以與多車道高速公路比雙車道高速公路允許更多的汽車以更快的速度移動(dòng)的方式相比較——因此，信息高速公路由此得名。

12.單選題

Silveristhebestconductorofelectricity,copper（）closely.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.followed

B.follows

C.following

D.tofollow

【答案】C

【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。一般情況下，分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)與句子的主語(yǔ)存在一定的邏輯關(guān)系(主謂或動(dòng)賓關(guān)系)，否則分詞就須有自己的主語(yǔ)或邏輯賓語(yǔ)，來(lái)構(gòu)成“名詞或代詞+分詞”的獨(dú)立分詞結(jié)構(gòu)，用來(lái)表示原因、時(shí)間、條件、方式或伴隨情況等。copper與follow之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。由此可見(jiàn)，C選項(xiàng)正確。copperfollowingitclosely是以現(xiàn)在分詞following為中心的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。（獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)就是某一個(gè)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，或名詞性短語(yǔ)，或形容詞性短語(yǔ)，或介詞短語(yǔ)的邏輯主語(yǔ)不是句子的主語(yǔ)，而是自己另帶的一個(gè)邏輯主語(yǔ)。比如本句的主語(yǔ)是silver，但following的邏輯主語(yǔ)是copper。又如：Hestoodthere,bookinhand.中的介詞短語(yǔ)inhand的邏輯主語(yǔ)是book而不是句子的主語(yǔ)he，所以bookinhand為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。）句意：銀是最好的導(dǎo)體，銅與之非常接近。綜上所述，本題的正確答案是C選項(xiàng)。

13.單選題

Corntariffs,whichthediplomathaddismissedas______issue,turnedouttobepertinentand______inthenegotiationsforanewtradeagreement.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.anapt…pusillanimous

B.anaberrant...indomitable

C.atangential…trenchant

D.aningenious…acclaimed

【答案】B

【解析】【選項(xiàng)釋義】

A.anapt…pusillanimous恰當(dāng)?shù)?，靈敏的……膽怯的，懦弱的B.anaberrant...indomitable違反常規(guī)的，反常的……不屈不撓的

C.atangential…trenchant切線的，離題的……尖刻的，苛刻的D.aningenious…acclaimed有獨(dú)創(chuàng)性的，機(jī)靈的……受到贊揚(yáng)的

【答案】B

【考查點(diǎn)】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)句子意思“玉米關(guān)稅曾被這位外交官斥為_(kāi)_____事情，現(xiàn)在在新貿(mào)易協(xié)定的談判中被證明是有意義的和______”可知，玉米關(guān)稅現(xiàn)在被證明是有意義的，說(shuō)明之前被認(rèn)為是“不合常理的”，第一個(gè)空格填入anaberrant符合句意；第二個(gè)空格與pertinent為并列成分，可知第二個(gè)空格表示積極的意義，綜合理解可知該題選擇B項(xiàng)最恰當(dāng)。

【干擾項(xiàng)排除】A、C、D項(xiàng)不符合句意。

【句意】玉米關(guān)稅曾被這位外交官斥為一件違反常規(guī)的事情，現(xiàn)在在新貿(mào)易協(xié)定的談判中被證明是有意義的、不可動(dòng)搖的。

14.單選題

Theprofessorcanhardlyfindsufficientgrounds（）hisargumentinfavorofthenewtheory.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.whichtobaseon

B.onwhichtobase

C.tobaseonwhich

D.whichtobebasedon

【答案】B

【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)句意：教授很難找到充分的理由來(lái)支撐自己支持新理論的論據(jù)。由此可知，要把hisargument建立在grounds的基礎(chǔ)上，即“basehisargumentsonthegrounds”，變成定語(yǔ)從句需要將介詞on提到關(guān)系代詞which的前面，即“onwhichtobasehisarguments”，所以選項(xiàng)B正確。

15.單選題

Doctorswarnedagainstchewingtobaccoasa___forsmoking.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.succession

B.substitute

C.revival

D.relief

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項(xiàng)succession“連續(xù)；繼位；繼承權(quán)；（生態(tài)）演替”；B選項(xiàng)substitute“代用品；代替者”；C選項(xiàng)revival“復(fù)興；復(fù)活；蘇醒；恢復(fù)精神；再生效”；D選項(xiàng)relief“救濟(jì)；減輕，解除；安慰；浮雕”。句意：醫(yī)生警告不要用咀嚼煙草___吸煙。本句表達(dá)“不要用咀嚼煙草代替吸煙”，因此B選項(xiàng)正確。

16.單選題

Thefactthattheearth’ssurfaceheats_______providesaconvenientwaytodivideitintotemperatureregion.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.infrequently

B.irregularly

C.unsteadily

D.unevenly

【答案】D

【解析】副詞詞義解析。infrequently“很少發(fā)生地”；irregularly“不規(guī)則地”；unsteadily“不穩(wěn)定地”；unevenly“不均衡地”。句意：事實(shí)就是地球表面加熱不均衡提供了一種將其劃分成多個(gè)溫度區(qū)域的簡(jiǎn)便方法。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

17.單選題

Theymakebetteruseofthetimetheyhave,andtheyarelesslikelytoyieldtofatigueinstressfuljobs.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.tosuccumbtobeingtired

B.tosustainthefatigue

C.toendurethelongstrain

D.toexposethemtotherisks

【答案】A

【解析】本題考查短語(yǔ)搭配。A選項(xiàng)tosuccumbtobeingtired屈服于疲勞；B選項(xiàng)tosustainthefatigue維持疲勞；C選項(xiàng)toendurethelongstrain承受長(zhǎng)期壓力；D選項(xiàng)toexposethemtotherisks暴露在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)下。句意：他們很好地利用了現(xiàn)有時(shí)間，不會(huì)輕易地因充滿壓力的工作弄得疲勞不堪。因此，等同于toyieldtofatigue“屈服疲勞”的選項(xiàng)是A項(xiàng)。

18.單選題

Itisallverywelltoblametrafficjams,thecostofpetrolandthequickpaceofmodernlife,butmannersintheroadsarebecominghorrible.Everybodyknowsthatthenicestmenbecomemonstersbehindthewheels.Itisallverywell,againtohaveatigerinthetank,buttohaveoneinthedriver’sseatisanothermatteraltogether.Youmighttoleratetheoddroad-hog,therudeandinconsideratedrive,butnowadaysthewell-manneredmotorististheexceptiontotherule.Perhapsthesituationcallsfora“Bekindtootherdrivers”campaign;otherwiseitmaygetcompletelyoutofhand.

Roadpolitenessisnotonlygoodmanner,butgoodsense,too.Ittakesthemostcool-headedandgood-temperedofdriverstoresistthetemptationtorevengewhensubjectedtouncivilizedbehavior.Ontheotherhand,alittlepolitenessgoesalongwaytowardsrelievingthetensionsofmotoring.Afriendlynodorawaveofacknowledgementinresponsetoanactofpolitenesshelpstocreateanatmosphereofgoodwillandtolerancesonecessaryinmodemmoderntrafficconditions.Butsuchacknowledgementsofpolitenessarealltooraretoday.Manydriversnowadaysdon’tevenseemabletorecognizepolitenesswhentheyseeit.

However,misplacedpolitenesscanalsobedangerous.Typicalexamplesarethedriverwhobrakesviolentlytoallowacartoemergefromasidestreetatsomehazardtofollowingtraffic,whenafewsecondslatertheroadwouldbeclearanyway;orthemanwhowavesachildacrossazebracrossingintothepathofoncomingvehiclesthatmaybeunabletostopintime.Thesamegoesforencouragingoldladiestocrosstheroadwhereverandwhenevertheycareto.Italwaysamazesmethatthehighwaysarenotcoveredwithdeadbodiesofthesegrannies.

Aveterandriver,whosemannersarefaultless,toldmeitwouldhelpifmotoristslearnttofiltercorrectlyintotrafficstreamsoneatatimewithoutcausingthetotalblockagesthatgivesrisetobadtemper.Unfortunately,modernmotoristscan’tevenlearntodrive,letalonemasterthesubtleraspectsofroadmanship.Yearsagotheexpertswarnedusthatthecarownershipexplosionwoulddemandalotmoregive-and-takefromallroadusers.Itishightimeforallofustotakethismessagetoheart.

1.Accordingtothispassage,troublesontheroadaremainlycausedby

.

2.Thesentence“Youmighttoleratetheoddroad-hog...therule”(Para.A.1)impliesthat_________.

3.By“goodsense”,thewritermeans

.

4.Expertshavelongpointedoutthatinthefaceofcar-ownershipexplosion,______.

5.Inthewriter’sopinion,______.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.people’sattitudetowardsroad-hog

B.therhythmofmodernlife

C.thebehaviorofthedriver

D.trafficconditions

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.oursocietyisunjusttowardswell-manneredmotorists

B.rudedriverscanbemetoccasionally

C.thewell-manneredmotoristcannottoleratetheroad-hog

D.nowadaysimpolitedriversconstituteamajorityofmotorists

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.thedriver’sabilitytounderstandandreactreasonably

B.thedriver’spromptresponsetodifficultyandsevereconditions

C.thedriver’stoleranceofrudeorevensavagebehavior

D.thedriver’sacknowledgementofpolitenessandregulations

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.roadusersshouldmakemoresacrifice

B.driversshouldbereadytoyieldtoeachother

C.driversshouldhavemorecommunicationamongthemselves

D.driverswillsuffergreatlossiftheypaynorespecttoothers

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.stricttrafficregulationsarebadlyneeded

B.driversshouldapplyroadpolitenessproperly

C.rudedriversshouldbepunished

D.driversshouldavoidtrafficjams

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:D

第3題:C

第4題:B

第5題:B

【解析】1.細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。根據(jù)文章第一段第一句話“Itisallverywelltoblametrafficjams,thecostofpetrolandthequickpaceofmodernlife,butmannersontheroadsarebecominghorrible.”可知，公路上的麻煩主要是由司機(jī)的行為導(dǎo)致的。因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

2.推理判斷題。文章第一段倒數(shù)第二句話提到如今彬彬有禮的駕車者卻成了例外（Youmighttoleratetheoddroad-hog,therudeandinconsideratedrive,butnowadaysthewell-manneredmotorististheexceptiontotherule），由此可推測(cè)粗魯?shù)乃緳C(jī)占了大多數(shù)，選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

3.推理判斷題。文章第二段第一句提到道路禮儀不僅是好的態(tài)度，還是良好的意識(shí)（Roadpolitenessisnotonlygoodmanner,butgoodsense,too.），接著又提到當(dāng)遇到不文明行為時(shí)，只有頭腦最冷靜、脾氣最好的司機(jī)才能抵制報(bào)復(fù)的誘惑（Ittakesthemostcool-headedandgood-temperedofdriverstoresistthetemptationtorevengewhensubjectedtouncivilizedbehavior），說(shuō)明良好的意識(shí)就是能夠忍受一些不良的行為，因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意。

4.推理判斷題。文章最后一段倒數(shù)第二句話提到專家?guī)啄昵熬透嬲]我們汽車數(shù)量的增多需要道路使用者相互理解（Yearsagotheexpertswarnedusthatthecarownershipexplosionwoulddemandalotmoregive-and-takefromallroadusers），因此選項(xiàng)CB符合題意。

5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段第一句話“Aveterandriver,whosemannersarefaultless,toldmeitwouldhelpifmotoristslearnttofiltercorrectlyintotrafficstreamsoneatatimewithoutcausingthetotalblockagesthatgiverisetobadtemper.”一個(gè)資深的司機(jī)，認(rèn)為司機(jī)應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)正確加入交通而不會(huì)造成令人生氣的交通阻塞?？芍?，作者認(rèn)為司機(jī)應(yīng)該適當(dāng)?shù)厥褂枚Y貌。因此選項(xiàng)B符合題意。

19.單選題

MysurnameisaverycommononeinNorthChina,andIhaveeverbeeninaclassforfortystudentsinwhichsixotherpeoplehadthesamesurname!Afriendofminecommentedthatitwas

“toomuchofagoodthing!”

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.isaverycommonone

B.haveeverbeenin

C.fortystudentsinwhichsixother

D.Afriendofmine–commented

E.沒(méi)有問(wèn)題

【答案】B

【解析】語(yǔ)法題。Ever改成once。在疑問(wèn)句中使用haveeverbeen的形式，表示曾經(jīng)。此處應(yīng)用haveoncebeen。

20.單選題

Thecontemporaryphenomenonofmotorcarworshipistobeexplainednotleastbythesenseofindependenceandfreedomthatownership（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.enrolls

B.entraps

C.enrages

D.entails

【答案】D

【解析】考查形似動(dòng)詞辨析。enroll“登記，注冊(cè)”；entrap“使陷入羅網(wǎng)，欺騙”；enrage“激怒，使暴怒”；entail“需要；帶來(lái)”。句意：對(duì)于當(dāng)今崇尚汽車的現(xiàn)象，究其原因是有了車可以獨(dú)立自由行動(dòng)，不需要依賴別人。選項(xiàng)D符合題意。

21.單選題

DoyoufindyourselfcheckingFacebookassoonasyouwakeupinthemorning?Evenasyoureadthisarticle,isyourrightindexfingertwitchingonthemouse,justitchingtoclickonsomethingnew?Ifso,welcometothe21stcentury.Withoutevenrealizingit,we’vesignedupforalifeinwhichwe’reallconnected,allthetime.WhetherornotthisisagoodthingisthesubjectofHamlet’sBlackberry,anewbookbyWilliamPowers.

Earlyinthebook,Powersdescribesascenethatshouldstrikemanyasfamiliar:HeisstandingatacrosswalkinthemiddleofManhattan,alongsidefiveoreightotherpeople—allofwhomarestaringintentlyatsomedigitaldevice.“HereIwasinNewYork,themostfantasticcityintheworld—somuchtolookat,toseeandhear,andeverybodyaroundmeessentiallywasn’tpresent,”hesays.

Powersmayquestionthewayweuseourgadgets,buthecertainlydoesn’tcondemnit.Hedoes,however,recognizethedownsideofconstantlybeingfloodedwithnewinformationorwhathecallsthe“conundrumofconnectedness.”

Amongthethingsthatsufferfromouroverconnectedness,Powerssays,arerelationships.“Ifwe’reconstantlytogglingbetweenpeopleonFacebookandtextsandallthesenewwaysofconnectingalldaylong,andweneverhaveasustainedconnection,”P(pán)owerssays.“It’ssortoftheoppositeofconnectedness.”

Buthowareweofthe21stcenturysupposedtocopewiththatproblem?Powershasonesuggestionthat’sbothutterlysimpleandalmostimpossibletoimaginefollowing:justdisconnect.Hisfamily,forexample,takesan“InternetSabbath”everyweekend.“Weturnoffthehouseholdmodem,andwedon’thavesmartphonesthewholeweekend.Wecan’tdoWebsurfing.”heexplains.

AccordingtoPowers,thepositiveeffectsofthesetechnologybreaksarefeltlongaftertheweekendsareover.“Evenwhenwe’reconnected,wecanfeelthebenefitsofhavingbeendisconnectedacoupledaysago,”hesays.“It’sjustaboutthatsimpleword,‘balance’”.

Notthathethinksuppluggingyourmodemisnecessarilyeasy.“It’sreallyhardtopullaway.Youhavetoknowwhyyou’redoingit,andreallybelieve”hesays.“WhatI’mabouthereistryingtoconvincepeoplethatit’sworthdoing.”

1.WhatWilliamPowersdescribesinParagraph2（）.

2.Theword“downside”(Para.3)isclosestinmeaningto“（）”.

3.“InternetSabbath”meansthatonthisdaytheauthor’sfamily（）.

4.Theauthorthinksthatthe“InternetSabbath”（）.

5.Thepassageismostlikelya（）.

問(wèn)題1選項(xiàng)

A.makeslittledifferencetoourlife

B.isacommonphenomenon

C.rarelyhappensinotherplaces

D.iswhathehasbeenlookingfor

問(wèn)題2選項(xiàng)

A.confusion

B.disadvantage

C.challenge

D.secret

問(wèn)題3選項(xiàng)

A.usestheInternettocallandtext

B.usestheInternetonlyforpleasure

C.completelystopsusingtheInternet

D.cannotworkwithouttheInternet

問(wèn)題4選項(xiàng)

A.isreallyworthtaking

B.issuitableformostfamily

C.istoohardforotherstofollow

D.isrelativelyeasytocarryout

問(wèn)題5選項(xiàng)

A.socialsurvey

B.newsreport

C.technologyupdate

D.bookreview

【答案】第1題:B

第2題:B

第3題:C

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】1.推理判斷題。文章第二段主要描述了WilliamPowers在紐約所見(jiàn)到的一個(gè)場(chǎng)景。由語(yǔ)段第一句“Powersdescribesascenethatshouldstrikemanyasfamiliar…（鮑爾斯描述了一個(gè)很多人都很熟悉的場(chǎng)景……）”可知該現(xiàn)象在日常生活中很常見(jiàn)，A選項(xiàng)在該語(yǔ)段中沒(méi)有提到，C選項(xiàng)“在其他地方很少發(fā)生”與第一句“strikemanyasfamiliar（很多人都很熟悉的場(chǎng)景）”不相符，D選項(xiàng)“是他一直在尋找的”與該語(yǔ)段的意思不相符，因此B選項(xiàng)“是一種常見(jiàn)現(xiàn)象”正確。

2.詞意猜測(cè)題。Downside“負(fù)面，缺點(diǎn)”，如果不認(rèn)識(shí)該單詞，也可從第三段最后一句話中的“conundrumofconnectedness.（連結(jié)性難題）”推斷出鮑爾斯意識(shí)到了不斷被新信息淹沒(méi)的負(fù)面影響。A選項(xiàng)confusion“混淆，困惑”；C選項(xiàng)challenge“挑戰(zhàn)，考驗(yàn)”；D選項(xiàng)secret“秘密，機(jī)密”，因此B選項(xiàng)“缺點(diǎn)，不利條件”正確。

3.事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第五段中的“Weturnoffthehouseholdmodem,andwedon’thavesmartphonesthewholeweekend.Wecan’tdoWeb