英語句子分類講解專項練習(xí)

1、句子TheSentences知識重點：句子按使用的目的可分為四類：1、陳說句2、疑問句3、祈使句4、嘆息句從構(gòu)造上看句子可分為三種種類：1、簡單句2、并列句3、復(fù)合句一、句子的種類（KindsofSentences）1、陳說句：1）必定句：Weloveourmotherland.我們熱愛祖國。2）否認句：TheydontgotoworkonSundays他.們禮拜日不上班。說明：表達或否認一個事實或見解。2、疑問句：（1）一般疑問句：Areyouaworker你是個工人嗎Yes,Iam.是的，我是工人。HaventyouseenthefilmNo,Ihaven你沒t.看過這部電影嗎沒看過。說明

2、：以一個助動詞，神態(tài)動詞或動詞be開始的問句?；卮鹨脃es或（2）特別疑問句：Whoistheman此人是誰WhendoyouwatchTV你什么時間看電視Whataretheydoingnow他們此刻正在干什么no。說明：以一個疑問代詞或疑問副詞開頭的句子一般要用倒裝句語序（或稱為疑問詞加一般疑問句）（3）選擇疑問句：DoyouwantteaorcoffeeEitherwilldo.你要茶水仍是要咖啡哪一種都行。DoeshelearnJapaneseorFrenchHelearnsFrench.他學(xué)日語仍是學(xué)法語他學(xué)法語。說明：提出兩個或兩個以上的狀況，選擇一個作為答案。（4）反意疑問句：

3、Theyaregoingtotheairport,aren他們要去tthey機場，是嗎Youhaventfinishedyourhomework,haveyou你沒做完作業(yè)，是嗎說明：提出狀況或見解問對方能否贊同。在陳說句后附帶一個簡潔的疑問句，即前面句子必定，后為否認；前面句子否認，后為必定。Heseldomwenttobedatten,didhe他極少在十點鐘上床睡覺是嗎HeknowslittleRussian,doeshe他幾乎不懂俄語，是嗎說明：當陳說句部分含有never,no,hardly,seldom,little等否認意義的副詞時，附帶問句用必定形式。3.祈使句：a陳說句：Bes

4、uretogetthereateight.八點鐘必定要到那邊。b否認句：Dontworry.Illhelpyou別擔out心.，我會幫助你的。說明：表示命令，懇求，囑咐，呼吁等，謂語動詞用原形。4.嘆息句：嘆息句往常有what,how指引，表示贊嘆、驚訝、愉悅、等感情。what修飾名詞，how修飾形容詞，副詞或動詞，嘆息句構(gòu)造主要有以下幾種：掌握它的搭配，即掌握了嘆息句的重點。How+形容詞+a+名詞+陳說語序。比如：Howcleveraboyheis!他是多聰慧的孩子！How+形容詞或副詞+陳說語序。比如：Howlovelythebabyis!小毛頭真可愛！What+a/an+形容詞+名詞+

5、陳說語序。比如：Whatacleverboyheis!他是多聰慧的孩子！What+形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+陳說語序。比如：Whatwonderfulideas（wehave）!我們的想法真棒！What+形容詞+不行數(shù)名詞+陳說語序。比如：Whatcoldweatheritis!多冷的天！Whatacleverboyheis!的省略形式為：Whatacleverboy!what+n.：how+adj.：Howbraveheis!他多么英勇呀！how+adv.：Howhardtheyareworking!他們工作多努力呀！Howtimeflies!時間過得多么快呀！How+adj.+a(an)+n.Ho

6、wniceaboy(heis)！=Whataniceboyheis!多么好的孩子?。≌f明：表示說話時驚詫，愉悅，氣忿等情緒。what修飾名詞，how修飾形容詞、副詞或句子。二、句子的種類（TypesofSentences）1、簡單句的句子的種類：一個主語+一個謂語，例：Thegirlplaysthepianoeveryday.那女孩每日彈鋼琴。兩個主語+一個謂語，例：TomandIaregoodfriends.湯姆和我是好朋友。一個主語+兩個謂語，例：Heopenedthedoorandleft.他翻開門出去了。兩個主語或兩個謂語或更多，例：MrandMrsSmithwenttothemark

7、et,boughtsomefruitandvisitedtheirfriends.史密斯夫妻去市場，買了些水果，并探望了朋友。構(gòu)造特別：只含有一個詞或一個詞組，例：Hello!喂！Help!Help!救命??！救命！Manythanks.萬分感謝。2、簡單句的基本句型（TheBasicSentencePatterns）句型構(gòu)造：（1）主語+不及物動詞：S+Vi.，例：Birdsfly.鳥飛Theydisappeared.他們消逝了。（2）主+連系動詞+表語：S+V+P，例：Sheisauniversitystudent.她是一名大學(xué)生。Hehasbecomeapilot.他已成為一名飛翔員。（3

8、）主+及物動詞+賓語：S+Vt+O，例：Helikesswimming.他喜愛游泳。Wehelpeachother.我們相互幫助。（4）主+及物動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語：S+Vt+O+O，例：Itoldmyfriendthegoodnews.我把好信息告訴了我的朋友。Theysentusatelegram.他們給我們拍了電報。（5）主+及物動詞+賓語+補語：S+Vt+O+C，例：TheynamedtheboyJack.他們給孩子起名叫杰克。Iwanteverythingreadybyeighto我要求clock全部都.要在八點前準備好。注：S=Subject（主語）Vi=Intransitiv

9、eVerbs（不及物動詞）Vt=TransitiveVerb（及物動詞）P=Predicative（表語）O=Object（賓語）C=Complement補語重點、難點：否認陳說句要注意以下幾點：1）否認陳說句主假如在必定句中加not或no(=nota/any)組成的，除not和no外，用擁有否認意義的副詞也可組成否認陳說句。常用的詞有hardly,seldom,never,little,scarcely,barely,rarely等。2）其余成分的否認形式有些句子的構(gòu)造上屬于必定式，但含有否認意義的詞，可分以下幾種。否認的主語：Nobodywillagreewithyou.沒人贊同你的建議。

10、Noneofthestudentslikethenovel.沒有學(xué)生喜愛這本小說。NostudentherestudiesRussian.這里沒有一個學(xué)生學(xué)俄語。否認的賓語：Wesawnothinginthedarkness.在黑暗中我們什么都看不見。Hewillborrowthebookfromnobody.他從誰那都借不來這本書。Youmustremembernottobelateforclass.你一定記著上課禁止遲到。否認的狀語：Theycameherenotbybikebutonfoot.他不是騎車來的而是走著來的。Wecouldfindhimnowhere.我們什么地方也找不到他。

11、3）不定代詞all,both,everyone或everybody用于否認句時，表示部分否認。Allthetreesherearenotappletrees.(=Notallthetreeshereareappletrees.)這里的樹并不是都是蘋果樹。（有的是蘋果樹，有的不是。）Bothofthesistersarenotnurses.(=Notbothofthesistersarenurses.)這姐兒倆其實不都是護士。Everybodycantdoit.(=Noteverybodycandoit.)其實不是人人都能做這件事?！緦ｍ椨?xùn)練】：一、陳說句和疑問句：1、Theyhappywhen

12、theyhearthenews.AwillBwillbeCwereDdont2、“Isyouruncleadriver”“.”ANo,butmyauntisBYes,butmyanutisCNo,hedoesntDYes,hedoes3、Wesatisfiedwiththeirwork.AdontBarenotCwontDwerentbeing4、Hecoffeeatall.Hetea.Adoesntlike,prefersBlikes,doesntpreferCwouldlike,notprefersDprefers,isnotfondof5、Shemeonlytwicesincelasty

13、ear.AseesBwasseeingChasseenDhaveseen6、Mygrandmainthecountry.Nowsheinthecity.Ausedtolive,livesBusedtoliving,livedCusestolive,islivingDwasusedtolive,lives7、Youmakesuchmistakesagain.AshouldneverBshouldnotalwaysCwouldalwaysnotDwouldnotforever8、“Canyoudriveacar”“.”AYes,andJimcanttooBYes,butJimcantCNo,but

14、Jimcan,tooDNo,butJimcant9、“Areyougoingtothesupermarket”“No,.”AIcyclethereBIwalkthereCtotheworkDIvealreadybeenthere10、InEnglandteawithmilkorsugarinit.AusuallydrinksBisusuallydrunkCusuallyisdrunkDdrankusually11、“Isshegoingtothepostoffice”“.”No,AshedoesntBshegoesbybikeCtotheshopsDshesonthebike12、Tomlik

15、ereadingatall.Heinterestedinplayingbasketball.Adoesnt,isBdoesnt,wereCis,doesDwas,is13、WhenhomefromworkAdoyourparentscomeBdoesyourparentscomeChaveyourparentsDourparentscome14、WhichofthestudentstheexaminationAnotpassBdidntpassCpassDdidntpassed15、Theytroubleliftingtheheavybox.AdidnthavemanyBhadntalotof

16、CdidnthavemuchDhaventagreatdealof16、“Didyouhavebreakfastthismorning“.”AYes,IhadBYes,IdidCNo,IhadntDNo,Ididnthave.17、colouristhecoverofthedictionaryAWhatBWhichCHowDWhose18、“doeshebrushhisteethaday”“Twice.”AWhattimeBHowlongCWhenDHowmanytimes19、Therearemanypicturesonthewall.doyoulikebestAWhatBWhichoneC

17、WhichofthepictureDWhichonepicture20、SincewhenherAdidyouknowBhaveyouknownCdoyouknowDyouknow21、“Thattenpoundnotebelongstome.”“.”AYes,itisBYes,itbelongsCNoitdoesntDNo,itisnt22、“Wouldyouratherwaitorcomebacklater”“.”AIdrathercomebackBYes,IdrathernotwaitCNo,IdratherwaitDtocomeback23、“shoesdoyoutake”“Size4

18、2.”AWhichnumberBWhatnumberCWhatsizeDWhat24、“istheweatherliketoday”“Itswindy.”AWhatBHowCWhatkindDWhich25、Wouldyoureadmycompositionandcorrectthemistakes,AifhaveBifanyCifeverDifnot26、isthedistancebetweenthesetwovillagesAHowfarBWhatCHowlongDHowmuch27、doyougotothecinemaTwiceamonth.AHowmanytimeBHowmuchCHo

19、wlongDHowoften28、HowitinEnglishAyousayBdoyouspeakCdoyousayDtospeak29、isthepopulationofthecityAHowmuchBHowmanyCHowDWhat30、didshegetthisinformationAWhomBWhoCWhereDWhat31、doesyourwatchcostTwohundredyuan.AHowmanyBWhatpriceCWhatDHowexpensive32、AboutdoyouwanttoknowmoreAWhomBwhoCwhichDwhat33、Wehaventheardf

20、romJaneforalongtime.Whatdoyousupposetoher.AwashappeningBtohappenChashappenedDhavinghappened34、HaveyouheardthenewsaboutJimNo.WhatAisitBitisCaretheyDtheyare35、Wouldyourathergotherebytrainorbyair.AYes,IwouldBNo,IwouldntCYes,byairDByair36、IgooryougoyourselfAWillwillBShallshallCShallwillDWillshall37、Doyo

21、uthinkthequestioneasyornot.AYes,IdoBNo,IdontCItiseasyDYes,itseasy38、ShallwestayathomeortotheparkAtogoBgoingCgoDwillgo39、writerisbetterknowninChina,CharlesDickensorMarkTwainAWhicheverBWhetherCWhatDWhich40、wastheNanjing-ChangjiangBridgeopentotrafficItwasopentotrafficin1968.AWhatBWhattimeCHowlongDWhen二

22、、感句、祈使句41、fromBeijingtoLondon!AHowlongwayitisBWhatalongwayitisCWhatalongwayisitDHowlongawayisit42、Oh,John,yougaveus!AHowapleasantsurpriseBHowpleasantsurpriseCWhatapleasantsurpriseDWhatpleasantsurprise43、terribleweatherwevebeenhavingthesedays!AHowaBWhataCHowDWhat44、girlsheis!AWhatbrightaBHowabrightCH

23、owbrightanDWhatabright45、wehavetodayAHowfinedayBWhatfinedayCHowafinedayDWhatafineday46、Howflowersare!AbeautifulBbeautifullyCbeautifultheDbeautifulthat47、How!AdoestimeflyBtimesflyCtimefliesDfliestime48、Whatworkhedoes!AharderBhardChardlyDhardest49、carefulourmonitoris!AHowaBHowCWhataDWhat50、advicehegav

24、eus!AWhataBHowgoodCWhatgoodDHow51、pictureitis!AWhatwonderfulBHowawonderfulCWhatwonderfulaDHowwonderfula52、IwishtopayavisittoHongkong!AHowdoBWhatdoCWhatDHow53、hardworkingstudentstheyare!AWhatBWhataCWhatanDHow54、longtimeitlasted!AWhatBWhataCHowDHowa55、downtheradio.Thebabyssleepinginthenextroom.ATurnin

25、gBToturnCTurnDTurned56、Letsfootballinthestreet.AnottoplayBnotplayCdontplayDnotplaying57、carefulwhenyoucrossthestreet.ADontbeBDobeCBeingDDo58、thechildalldaylong!ALet,nottocryBNotlet,cryCDontlet,tocryDDontlet,cry59、afraidofmakemistakes!ADontbeBNottobeCNotbeingDBenot60、meagainbeforecoming.ACallingBToca

26、llCDocallingDCall三、反意疑問句61、Youdlikesomecoffee,AwerentyouBwouldntyouChadntyouDshouldntyou62、Idontthinkhewillcometothemeeting,AwillheBwontheCdoIDamI63、Harryandhisbrotherpromisedtoworkharder,.AdotheyBdonttheyCdidtheyDdidntthey64、Hisfatherknowslittleaboutit,heAdoesBdoesntCisheDisnt65、Wealllikereadingsto

27、rybooks,AdoweBdoyouCdontweDdontyou66、MysisterseldomgoestothetheatresheAdoesntBdoesCisDisnt67、Yourfatherpromisedtobuyacomputerforyou,heAoften,didBnever,didntCalready,didDnever,did68、Besuretowritetous,AwillyouBarentyouCwouldyouDcanyou69、Dontsmokeinthemeetingroom,youAdoyouBwillyouCwouldDcan70、Itsfineto

28、day.Letsgofishing,AwillweBshallweCdoweDdontwe71、MaryhasfewfriendinJapan,sheAhasBdontCdoesntDhasnt72、Thereisabeautifullakeinthiscity,AisntitBisntthereCisitDhasntit73、Thereisnothingwrongwithmybike,AisitBisntthereCisntitDisthere74、Hecomeslatesometimes,AisntheBcomesheCdoesntheDishe75、Youarenotanewcomer,

29、areyou.Icamehereonlyyesterday.ANo,IamBYes,IamCNo,ImnotDYes,Imnot.76、Shecouldhardlybelieveit,AcouldntsheBcouldsheCdidntsheDdidshe77、Youneedntgo,AcanyouBmustyouCneedyouDmayyou78、Youmustworkhardfromnowon,AcanyouBwonyoutCmustntyouDneedntyou79、Afterwalkingsolongaway,youmusthavebeentired,youAwereBhaveChav

30、entDmustnt80、Hemusthavelefthomeyesterday,heAhasntBdidntCmustntDneednt81、YoudontthinkImgoingsuchoutwetinweather,AamIBdoyouCdontyouDdoI82、Youdbettercallinadoctorforyourmother,youAhadBwouldChadntDwouldnt83、Youneedtocomeearlier,youAdontyouBneedntCdontDwont84、Youdarenotgoalone,youAdontBdoCdareDdarent85、H

31、eshouldntdrinksomuch,heAshouldBoughtCwouldDwill86、Nothingcanstopusdoingthat,AcanweBcantweCcantitDcanit87、Imlateforthemeeting,AamntIBarentICdontIDarentyou88、NobodybutIknowsJapaneseinmyclass,AdoesheBdoesntheCdotheyDdontthey89、Noneoftheworkersattendedtheparty,AdidtheyBdidheCdidntheDdidntthey90、Everythingisrighthere,AisntitBarenttheyCaretheyDisit91、Alovelyday,AisitBdoesitC