英語(yǔ)筆譯實(shí)務(wù)二級(jí)教材第一單元

1、第 頁(yè)共42頁(yè)英語(yǔ)筆試二級(jí)指定教材第一單元英譯漢Benjamin Franklin- the first American ”How does one characterize Benjamin Franklin?characterize英/?k?r?kt?ra2/vt.描繪的特性；具有 的特征vi.塑造人物我們?nèi)绾蝸?lái)描述富蘭克林呢？Journalist,scientist,educator,politician,writer,administrator,philosopher-he truly seemed to be able to do almost everything.journal

2、ist英/2PTnRRt/ n.新聞工作者；報(bào)人；記日志者politician 英 /?p?l?n/ n.政治家，政客administrator 英 /?d?m?i?stre?:?(r)/ n.管理人；行政官philosopher 英 /f?s?f?(r)/ n.哲學(xué)家；哲人記者、科學(xué)家、教育家、政治家、作家、管理者、哲學(xué)家-他似乎真的無(wú)所不能。His accomplishments and the talents and interests which he displayed during the course of his long life706 to 1790-have caused

3、 him to called both “the first American”and the last universal man”.accomplishment英 /?/k?mpl?m?nt/ n.成就；完成；技藝,技能.universal英/?u?i?V?Sl/ adj.普遍的；通用的；宇宙的；全世界的；全體的 n. 一般概念；普通性在他漫長(zhǎng)的生命歷程中(1706-1790),他取得的成就和展現(xiàn)出的非凡才能和廣泛興趣，使他贏得了 “美國(guó)第一人”和“最后 一個(gè)通人”的稱號(hào)。Historian Samuel Eliot Morison gives this view of the man:

4、Franklin s secret,the thing that made hihis mind together,was his love of people.He talked with English and French statesmen as an equal;he was as homely and comfortable as an old shoe. ”.historian 英 /h?st?i?n/ n.歷史學(xué)家.aspect英/?spekt/ n.方面；方向；形勢(shì)；外貌.statesman英/Rte?sm?n/n.政治家；國(guó)務(wù)活動(dòng)家歷史學(xué)家薩繆爾艾略特莫里森這樣評(píng)價(jià)富蘭克林

5、：“富蘭克林成功的秘訣-令他如此具有活力并將他的心智各個(gè)方面凝聚在一起的東西-是他對(duì)人民的愛(ài)。他以平等的身份與英國(guó)和法國(guó)的政治家對(duì)話；他就像一只穿舊的鞋子，讓人感到普通而又舒適。”Morison even speculated that if he had lived in 1776 and had made a call upon Benjamin Franklin,he would made us feel at home.speculate英 /apekjule? vi.推測(cè)；投機(jī)；思索 vt.推斷make a call upon 拜訪莫里森甚至推測(cè)，如果我們生活在1776年，并且登門(mén)拜

6、訪本杰明富蘭克林，他會(huì)讓我們感到賓至如歸。He would have asked about our parents,and probably would have known them,or at least about them;he would then have asked us about ourselves,drawn us out,and sent us away with some good advice, a handshake,and a smile.他會(huì)詢問(wèn)我們父母的情況，或許還認(rèn)識(shí)他們，至少是知道他們；他會(huì)詢問(wèn)我們的情況，鼓勵(lì)我們跟他暢談，臨別時(shí)還會(huì)給我 們一些忠告，微

7、笑著和我們握手告別。Benjamin was one of 17 children,all of whom were expected to help support the large Franklin household.household 英 /?ia?sh?ld/n. 一家人本杰明家共有17個(gè)孩子，每人都要為養(yǎng)活這個(gè)大家庭出力。As a young child,he worked in the shop of his father,a soap and candlemaker,but this work did not appeal to a boy who loved to read

8、 and study.appeal 英 /?0i?n.呼吁，懇求；上訴，申訴；吸引力，感染力，魅力；啟發(fā)，打動(dòng)v.呼吁，懇求；上訴，申訴，訴請(qǐng)裁決；對(duì)有吸引力，有感染力；啟發(fā)，勸說(shuō)，打動(dòng)很小的時(shí)候，富蘭克林就在父親經(jīng)營(yíng)的制造肥皂和蠟燭的作坊里干活。但是這種工作對(duì)一個(gè)喜歡讀書(shū)學(xué)習(xí)的孩子來(lái)說(shuō)實(shí)在沒(méi)有意思。Therefore,when he was 12,Benjamin was sent to assist his habfrother James who had a printing shop.于是12歲的時(shí)候，本杰明就被送到同父異母的哥哥詹姆斯的印刷所里幫忙。There,surrounded

9、by books,young Ben would often stay up late into the night reading on a wide range of subjects;and as he read,he practiced improving his own style of writing.于在那里，年幼的本杰明被包圍在書(shū)海之中，他常常待到深夜，廣泛閱讀各種題材的書(shū)籍；他一邊讀書(shū)，一邊練習(xí)提高自己 的寫(xiě)作風(fēng)格。In 1921,James began publishing a newspaper,the New England Courantcourant/kur dnt

10、/n. 報(bào)紙； 新聞 （僅用于報(bào)紙名） 1921年，詹姆斯開(kāi)始出版一份報(bào)紙-新英格蘭報(bào)Benjamin secretly wrote articles for the paper under the pen name of“ Dame Silence Dogood ” ,putting them urprinting shop late at night so that his brother would not know the articles were his.dame英/de?n/ n.夫人；年長(zhǎng)婦女本杰明悄悄地用筆名“想做好事的沉默女士”為報(bào)紙撰稿，深夜將稿件放在印刷所的門(mén)縫下面，不

11、讓哥哥知道文章是他寫(xiě)的。They were full of humor and wise observations of life in Boston,Franklin s birthplace,and the immediately becapublic.observation英/?bz?/Ve?n/n.觀察；監(jiān)視；觀察報(bào)告文章描寫(xiě)家鄉(xiāng)波士頓的生活，詼諧幽默，立刻受到讀者歡迎When James was jailed for criticizing the British authorities,young Benjamin took over the publishing of the p

12、aper.jail英/d?e?/n.監(jiān)獄；監(jiān)牢；拘留所 vt.監(jiān)禁；下獄criticize英/?kr?t?sa?z/ v評(píng)匕評(píng)；評(píng)論；非難 vi.批評(píng)；評(píng)論；苛求詹姆斯因批評(píng)英國(guó)當(dāng)局被捕入獄，年輕的本杰明接管了報(bào)紙的出版工作。In defense of freedom of speech and the press,he courageously printed a quotation from a London newspaper:thought,there can be no such thing as wisdom;and no such thing as public liberty

13、without freedom of speech;which is the right of every man as far as by it if he does not hurt or control the right of another.”courageous英 /k?/?e/d?s/adj.有膽量的，勇敢的quotation英/kw?e?n/ n.貿(mào)易報(bào)價(jià)單；引用語(yǔ)；引證liberty英/?ti/ n.自由；許可；冒失為維護(hù)言論自由和出版自由，他大膽引用倫敦一家報(bào)紙上的話：“沒(méi)有思想自由，就談不上智慧；沒(méi)有言論自由，也就談不上公眾自由；這是每一個(gè)人天生的權(quán)利，只要他不仰仗自己的

14、權(quán)利去傷害或者控制別人的權(quán)利”After a quarrel with James,Benjamin left Boston to seek his own fortune.quarrel n 英 /?w?r?/第 頁(yè)共42頁(yè)第 頁(yè) 共 42 頁(yè)n. 吵架，口角；反目，失和；爭(zhēng)吵（或抱怨）的原因；方頭鑿，方頭投擲物；方鏃箭后來(lái)本杰明語(yǔ)詹姆斯發(fā)生了一場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)執(zhí)，就離開(kāi)波士頓，去尋找自己發(fā)跡的機(jī)會(huì)。Failing to find work in New York city,the 17-year-old boy went on to Philadelphia where he found a job

15、as a printersoon had a wide circle of friends.apprentice英/?0rentR/ n.學(xué)徒；生手vt.使當(dāng)學(xué)徒vi.當(dāng)學(xué)徒Philadelphia美/,f?d?f?/ n.費(fèi)城（美國(guó)賓夕法尼亞州東南部港市）在紐約市沒(méi)有找到工作，這個(gè)17 歲的小伙子便前往費(fèi)城，在那里給一家印刷所當(dāng)學(xué)徒，很快便結(jié)交了很多朋友。Within a few years,Franklin had married,had started his own printing shop,and was looked upon as a successful young busi

16、nessman.沒(méi)幾年功夫，富蘭克林便結(jié)婚了，并開(kāi)了自己的印刷所，成了公認(rèn)的成功的青年實(shí)業(yè)家。In 1729,Franklin purchased the newspaper,the Pennsylvania Gazette.Besides the regular news,Franklin included his own articles and editorials alive with humor and wisdom;and soon the paper was the most widely read in all of colonial America.gazette英/ c?/

17、Zet/ n.（英）公報(bào)；報(bào)紙vt.在報(bào)上刊載editorial 英 /?ed?t?ri?l/ adj. 編輯的，主編的；社論的 n. （報(bào)刊）社論， （美國(guó)電臺(tái)）評(píng)論colonial 英 /k?l?ni?l/n. 殖民地居民；殖民地時(shí)期式樣的房屋adj. 殖民的，殖民地的； （建筑，家具）殖民地時(shí)期式樣的； （動(dòng)物，植物）群體的；受英國(guó)殖民統(tǒng)治時(shí)期的1729年，富蘭克林買(mǎi)下了賓夕法尼亞報(bào)。除了登載正常的新聞外，富蘭克林還刊登自己撰寫(xiě)的充滿機(jī)智和幽默的文章和社論；該報(bào)很快便成為殖民地時(shí)期的美國(guó)民眾最?lèi)?ài)讀的報(bào)紙。At the same time,Franklin involved himself

18、 in community projects.與此同時(shí)，富蘭克林積極參與社區(qū)的各項(xiàng)事業(yè)。He founded,for example,the Junto, a discussion group that met weekly to debate the issues of the day.The Junto was active for 30 years and developed into the American Philosophical Society.junto英/d ?nt?/ n.政治集團(tuán)；秘密結(jié)社；團(tuán)體debate英/d?be?/n.辯論；（正式的）討論 v.（尤指正式）討論，

19、辯論；仔細(xì)考慮develop英/d ?/el?p/vt.開(kāi)發(fā)；進(jìn)步；使成長(zhǎng)；使顯影 vi.發(fā)育；生長(zhǎng)；進(jìn)化；顯露philosophical 英 /f?R?f?d/adj.哲學(xué)的（等于 philosophic）;冷靜的society英/s?Ra?ti/ n.社會(huì)；交往；社團(tuán)；社交界比如，他成立了一個(gè)叫“小團(tuán)體”的時(shí)事小組，每周聚會(huì)一次，對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)的各種問(wèn)題展開(kāi)辯論?！靶F(tuán)體” 一直活躍了 30年，后來(lái)發(fā)展成為美國(guó)哲學(xué)協(xié)會(huì)。He also founded the country s first subscription library and organized Americfighting and

20、fire insuranicst ccenpanies.subscription英/s?bRkrpZ/n.捐獻(xiàn)；訂閱；訂金；簽署他還成立了美國(guó)第一個(gè)捐贈(zèng)圖書(shū)館，創(chuàng)立了美國(guó)第一個(gè)消防和火災(zāi)的保險(xiǎn)公司。He helped to improve the local police force and to establish a hospital and a college which later became the University of Pennsylvania.He once said one of his activities,“ I would rather have it said,

21、 he lived useful than他幫助增強(qiáng)地方警察力量，并創(chuàng)辦了一家醫(yī)院和一所大學(xué)，就是后來(lái)的賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)。一次，他曾經(jīng)這樣評(píng)價(jià)自己的 活動(dòng)，“我寧愿人們說(shuō)他生的有用，而不愿他們說(shuō)他死的富有In 1732,Franklin began the publication of an almanac under the name Richard Saunders(an English astrologer).publication 英 /?D?bl?ke?n/ n.出版；出版物；發(fā)表almanac英 /?1m?n?k;勿m ?n?k/ n.年鑒；歷書(shū)；年歷astrologer 英 /?R

22、tr?l?d?(r)/ n.占星家1732年，富蘭克林開(kāi)始以理查德桑德斯(英國(guó)一位占星家)的名義出版年鑒。He continued to publish it annually for about 25 years,and it came to be know as Poor Richard s Almanacannually 英 /?nju ?li/ adv.每年;一年一次 此后他每年都出版一本，一直出了 25年，這就是后來(lái)人們所熟悉的窮人理查德歷書(shū)。As Franklin said in his autobiography: I endeavored to make it both ent

23、ertaining and useful.I considered it a proper vehiclconveying instructions among the common people who bought scarcely any other books:I therefore filled all the little spaces thatoccurred between the remarkable days in the calendar with proverbial sentences chiefly such as inculcated industry and f

24、rugality.autobiography/, ?:t?ubai? g?fi/n.自傳endeavor 英 /?ndev?/ n 努力；盡力（等于 endeavour） vi.努力；盡力（等于 endeavour） vt.努力；盡力（等于 endeavour）entertaining /,ent?teini?/adj.有趣（味）的，引起樂(lè)趣的，令人愉快的；娛人的，使人得到娛樂(lè)的consider英/k?n?!?（r）/ vt.考慮；認(rèn)為；考慮到；細(xì)想 vi.考慮；認(rèn)為；細(xì)想vehicle英/劭？望/ n.車(chē)輛車(chē)輛；工具；交通工具；運(yùn)載工具；傳播媒介；媒介物convey英/k?n?/e? vt.

25、傳達(dá)；運(yùn)輸；讓與scarcely英/Rke?sli/ adv.幾乎不，簡(jiǎn)直不；幾乎沒(méi)有；決不； 剛就；僅僅，剛剛；勉強(qiáng)，剛；根本不可能；不可能，不會(huì)calendar英/Ml?d?（r）/ n.日歷；天歷法；日程表vt.將列入表中；將排入日程表proverbial英/pr?v?bi?l/ adj.諺語(yǔ)的；眾所周知的；諺語(yǔ)式的inculcate英/?nk?lke?/ vt.教育；諄諄教誨；教授；反復(fù)灌輸Industry 英 /?nd?stri/ n.產(chǎn)業(yè)；工業(yè)；勤勉frugality 英 /fru ?g?l ?ti/ n.儉省，節(jié)儉正如富蘭克林在自傳中所言：“我盡量讓它既有娛樂(lè)性，又有實(shí)用性我把它

26、當(dāng)作是適合在普通人（他們幾乎不買(mǎi)其它任何第 頁(yè) 共 42 頁(yè)把日歷上那些重要的日子之間的空白全部填滿。書(shū)籍） ” 中間傳輸知識(shí)的工具； 因此我就用那些教人勤奮和節(jié)儉的格言警句，漢譯英容閎容閎，生于公元 1828 年，卒于公元 1912 年，號(hào)純甫，廣東香山(今中山縣)人，近代著名的愛(ài)國(guó)者、杰出的社會(huì)活動(dòng)家和 向西方學(xué)習(xí)的先驅(qū)。Rong Hong,his literary name Chunpu,was born in Xiangshan(now Zhongshan Country),Guangdong Province in 1828 and died in 1912.He was an ar

27、dent patriot of modern China,a prominent social activist and a pioneer who encouraged learning from the West. 1. “字”英語(yǔ)中作“ style name”； “號(hào)”英語(yǔ)中作“l(fā)iterary name”literary 英 /?l?t?r?ri/ adj. 文學(xué)的；書(shū)面的；精通文學(xué)的.ardent英/?Rnt/ adj.熱情的；熱心的；激烈的；燃燒般的.patriot 英 / ?p?tri ?t; ?pe?tri ?t/ n. 愛(ài)國(guó)者.prominent 英 /?pr?m?n?nt/

28、 adj. 突出的，顯著的；杰出的；卓越的5.social英/?/ adj.社會(huì)的，社交的；群居的n.聯(lián)誼會(huì)；聯(lián)歡會(huì).pioneer 英 /?pa?n?(r)/ n. 先鋒；拓荒者vt. 開(kāi)辟；倡導(dǎo)；提倡 vi. 作先驅(qū).encourage doing sth容閎出生在貧苦農(nóng)民家庭，童年時(shí)，父親為把他培養(yǎng)成買(mǎi)辦，設(shè)法將他送到澳門(mén)，在英國(guó)人創(chuàng)辦的一所小學(xué)里受教育。Though Rong Hong was born into a poor peasant s family,his father,in the hope of making him a comprador,managed to sen

29、school in Macao set up and run by the British,for elementary education.peasant 英 / ?peznt/n. 農(nóng)民；鄉(xiāng)下人.comprador/,k cmpr?d?/n.買(mǎi)辦(舊中國(guó)的)；中間人.elementary 英 /?el?mentri/ adj. 基本的；初級(jí)的； 化學(xué) 元素的1847 年，在香港一些英美人士的贊助下，容閎赴美留學(xué)，進(jìn)入了馬薩諸塞州孟松學(xué)校。In 1847,sponsored by some Americans and Englishmen then living in Hong Kong,h

30、e went to the United States and entered MonsonAcademy in Massachusetts.sponsor英/?p?ns?(r)/n.贊助者；主辦者；保證人 vt.贊助；發(fā)起.academy英/?%?d?mi/n.學(xué)院；研究院；學(xué)會(huì)；專(zhuān)科院校畢業(yè)后，他又考入著名的耶魯大學(xué)。在大學(xué)里，他發(fā)奮苦讀，克服了數(shù)學(xué)基礎(chǔ)差和費(fèi)用不足的種種困難，終于以優(yōu)異的成績(jī)獲得了文學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位。After he graduated from Monson,he took the entrance examinations and enrolled in the famou

31、s Yale University where he workedvery hard,overcoming difficulties in mathematics and shortage of funds and,he got his bachelor degree with honors.enroll 英 /?nr?l/ vt. 登記；使加入；把.記入名冊(cè)；使入伍vi. 參加；登記；注冊(cè)；記入名冊(cè).overcome 英 / ?v?Tk?m/vt.克服；勝過(guò) vi.克服；得勝.bachelor英/?D?t ?l?（r）/ n.學(xué)士；單身漢；（尚未交配的）小雄獸容閎是第一個(gè)畢業(yè)于美國(guó)大學(xué)的中國(guó)

32、留學(xué)生。He was the first Chinese ever to have graduated from an American university.容閎長(zhǎng)年學(xué)習(xí)生活在國(guó)外，大學(xué)畢業(yè)后，他的生活習(xí)慣和內(nèi)在氣質(zhì)，都已與中國(guó)同胞截然不同。但是他沒(méi)有忘記自己是炎黃子孫，對(duì)祖國(guó)始終充滿了愛(ài)。Having lived and studied in the United States for many long years,he had adopted a lifestyle and developed a makeup totally different from that of his co

33、untrymen by the time he graduated from the university.But he never forgot he was a Chinese descendant and he cherished a deep love for his country.adopt 英 /?d?pt/ vt. 采??；接受；收養(yǎng)；正式通過(guò)vi. 采?。贿^(guò)繼.descendant英/d?Send?nt/n.后裔，子孫；（由過(guò)去類(lèi)似物發(fā)展來(lái)的）派生物；（機(jī)器等）后繼型產(chǎn)品為了用自己的知識(shí)報(bào)效祖國(guó)，離開(kāi)耶魯后，容閎毅然拒絕了留在美國(guó)的勸誘，回到了祖國(guó)的懷抱。Upon gradua

34、tion from Yale,he was offered opportunities to stay in the United States,urged by his desire to apply what he had learned to the well-being of his motherland,he rejected the offers and returned to China。容閎回到祖國(guó)后，看清了清政府的腐朽落后和國(guó)家的貧弱。But Rong Hong returned only to find a poverty-stricken country under a

35、corrupt government.corrupt 英 /k?r?pt/ adj. 腐敗的，貪污的；墮落的面對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)，他憂國(guó)憂民。The stark reality set him worrying about the future of his country and its people.stark英/stcfk/adj.完全的；荒涼的；刻板的；光禿禿的；樸實(shí)的對(duì)比中西社會(huì)，他認(rèn)識(shí)到，要使中國(guó)富裕強(qiáng)盛，就必須向西方學(xué)習(xí)。He realized,by the sharp contrast between China and the West,if China ever hoped to be

36、 a powerful and prosperous country,it had to learn from the West.contrast英/?ntr dSt/n.明顯的差異，對(duì)比，對(duì)照.prosperous英 /?)r?sp?r?s/ adj.繁榮的；興旺的當(dāng)時(shí)他的主張主要有兩點(diǎn)：一是培養(yǎng)通曉西方文化科學(xué)知識(shí)的各種人才；二是引進(jìn)西方先進(jìn)技術(shù)，發(fā)展民族工業(yè)和交通運(yùn)輸業(yè)。He had two objectives that stood out in his mind then:firstly, China had to train talents equipped with a good

37、 knowledge of Westernculture and science;secondly,it had to introduce advanced technology from the West to develop its national industry,communications and transportation.1.objective 英 /?b?d?ekt?v/ n. 目的；目標(biāo)； （軍事行動(dòng)的）攻擊目標(biāo)；物鏡；賓格2.talent 英 /?t?l ?nt/n. 才能；天才；天資為了實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的主張，容閎不辭辛勞、四處奔走、尋覓可行的途徑。He begun to r

38、un about,trying to seek possible means to this end.就在這時(shí)，曾國(guó)藩為了興辦洋務(wù)，廣泛招聘人才，向容閎發(fā)出了邀請(qǐng)。 1863 年 9 月，容閎應(yīng)邀到達(dá)安慶，入曾國(guó)藩大營(yíng)。At that time Zeng Goufan,busy recruiting people for his Westernization drive,issued an invitation to Rong Hong.InSeptember,1863,Rong Hong went to Anqing and joined Zeng in his campaign.recru

39、it 英 /r ?kru?t/v. 征募；聘用；通過(guò)招募組建；補(bǔ)充； （非正式）說(shuō)服； （使）恢復(fù)健康n. 招聘；新兵；新成員.westernization 英 /?west?na?ze?n/ n. 西方化；歐美化.campaign英/k?m隼e?i/n.運(yùn)動(dòng)；活動(dòng)；戰(zhàn)役，軍事行動(dòng)；競(jìng)選到安慶后，容閎向曾國(guó)藩提出了建立機(jī)器工廠的建議，這個(gè)建議與曾國(guó)藩建立近代兵工廠的想法不謀而合，曾國(guó)藩即授予他出洋購(gòu)辦機(jī)器的全權(quán)。Rong Hong suggested to Zeng Guofan that a machinery plant be established and ,as his suggest

40、ions coincided with Z ensgidea of setting up a modern munitions factory in China,he authorized him with the mission of purchasing machines from abroad.machinery 英 /m?i?n?ri/ n. 機(jī)械；機(jī)器；機(jī)構(gòu)；機(jī)械裝置.coincide英/次?曾融劭vi. 一致，符合；同時(shí)發(fā)生vi.（在性格、品質(zhì)等方面）完全一致，相符.munitions 英 /mju?n?n/n. 軍火，軍需品 v. 供給軍需品，供給軍火1865 年，容閎從美國(guó)訂購(gòu)

41、回了 100 多套機(jī)器，為江南總局提供了主要設(shè)備。In 1865,Rong Hong bought over one hundred sets of machines from the United States,which constituted the bulk of equipment forJiangnan General Manufacturing Bureau.constitute 英 /?k?nst?tju?t/ vt. 組成，構(gòu)成；建立；任命.bureau 英 /?bj?r?/n. 局，處；衣柜；辦公桌除了興辦近代工業(yè)企業(yè)，容閎還十分注重培養(yǎng)西學(xué)人才。Besides,he di

42、rected full attention to the training of people with Western learning.他兩次提議清政府派遣留學(xué)生赴美學(xué)習(xí)。清政府采納了他的建議，幾年內(nèi)先后派遣了 120 名官費(fèi)留學(xué)生，還任命容閎任中國(guó)留學(xué)事務(wù)所副監(jiān)督。Twice had he suggested that the Qing government send students to study in the United States and,over the following few years,theQing government,adopting his advice,

43、sent 120 students on government funds and appointed Rong Hong as Vice Superintendent for overseas students affairs.superintendent 英 /?su?p?r?n?tend?nt; ?sju?p?r?n?tend?nt/n. 監(jiān)督人；負(fù)責(zé)人；主管；指揮者晚年，容閎定居美國(guó)，但是他對(duì)于國(guó)家的命與前途依然極為關(guān)注。In his late years Rong Hong settled in the United States,but his concern for the fa

44、te and future of his country as intense as ever. 對(duì)孫中山領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的資產(chǎn)階級(jí)革命運(yùn)動(dòng)，他給與了極大的支持。He extended vigorous moral support to the bourgeois revolution under Sun Ya-tsen.vigorous英/?V?g?r?s/ adj.有力的；精力充沛的.moral 英 /?m?r?l/ adj. 道德的；精神上的；品性端正的 n. 道德；寓意.bourgeois英/?b?w a? 1b?Wc? adj.中產(chǎn)階級(jí)的；世俗的；資產(chǎn)階級(jí)的 n.中產(chǎn)或資產(chǎn)階級(jí)分子.revolu

45、tion 英 /?rev?lu?n?/ n. 革命；旋轉(zhuǎn)；運(yùn)行；循環(huán)直到去世前夕，他還不忘叮囑自己的兩個(gè)兒子，一定要放棄在美國(guó)的職業(yè)，回國(guó)服務(wù)。Till the last days of his life,he kept telling his two sons to quit their jobs in the United States and go back to China and work for its welfare.welfare 英 /?welfe?(r)/ n. 福利；幸福；福利事業(yè)；安寧 adj. 福利的；接受社會(huì)救濟(jì)的梁?jiǎn)⒊?jīng)說(shuō)容閎“舍憂國(guó)外，無(wú)他思想，無(wú)他事業(yè)也。

46、”The great scholar Mr.Liang Qichao once said”, He had no other thoughts and no other pursuits but concerns for his country”.1.scholar英/&k?l?(r)/n.學(xué)者；獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金獲得者2.pursuit 英 /p?sju?t/n. 追趕，追求；職業(yè)，工作一位美國(guó)人也評(píng)價(jià)容閎： “他從頭到腳，身上每一根神經(jīng)纖維都是愛(ài)國(guó)的。 ”對(duì)于這些稱譽(yù)，容閎當(dāng)之無(wú)愧的。An American once remarked”, Rong Hong has a sense of patrio

47、tism in every fiber,from head to foo”t. He certainly deserves these compliments.patriotism 英 /?p?tri ?t?z?m; ?pe?tri ?t?z?m/.deserve英/d?Z?V/ vi.應(yīng)受，應(yīng)得vt.應(yīng)受，應(yīng)得.compliment 英 /?k?mpl?m?nt/ n. 恭維；稱贊；問(wèn)候；致意；道賀 vt. 恭維；稱贊練習(xí)英譯漢 第一題：.Cam Mcleay has been obsessed with the Nile since his childhood in New Zealand

48、.obsess英/?b?ses/v.使癡迷，使迷戀；使心神不寧，不停地困擾；嘮叨；掛牽，念念不忘 卡姆麥克利從孩提時(shí)起在新西蘭就迷上了尼羅河。.And then on November 7,about 3,300 miles into the trip,local rebels ambushed the expedition,killing colleague Steve Willis.rebel 英 /?rebl/n. 反叛者，叛徒；叛逆者；反抗權(quán)威者ambush 英 /?mb?/ n. 埋伏，伏擊；伏兵vt. 埋伏，伏擊vi. 埋伏expedition 英 /?eksp?d?n/ nS征；

49、探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)；迅速11月7ri,在他們航行了大約3300英里之后到達(dá)的地方，探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)遭到了當(dāng)?shù)胤磁颜叩姆鼡?，他們的同伴史蒂夫威利斯遇難。will harness the creative talents of our people and we will call upon the best and the brightest to leverage their tremendous talent for benefit of all.harness 英 /?h a ?n?s/?V理，利用；creative 英 /kri?e?t?v/adj.創(chuàng)造性的leverage英/?li?v?r?d?/ n.手段

50、，影響力；杠桿作用；杠桿效率v,利用；舉債經(jīng)營(yíng)tremendous 英 /tr?mend?s/adj. 極大的，巨大的；驚人的；極好的talent 英 /?t?l?nt/n. 才能；天才；天資我會(huì)挖掘出我們所擁有的創(chuàng)意和才能，并且我們要呼吁那些最優(yōu)秀和最聰慧的人，為了我們所有人的利益而去最大化地利用他們的才干。4.We have cashed out prosperity and we have grown our economy so much that we now stand in a real danger of undermining hope-running down resour

51、ces,cutting down rainforests and spilling oil into the Gulf of Mexico,changing the climate-the only thing that has remotely slowed down the relentless rise of carbon emission is actually recession.cash outprosperity 英 /pr?sper?ti/ n. 繁榮，成功undermine英/?nd?ma?n/vt.破壞，漸漸破壞；挖掘地基gulf英/ g ?lf/ n海灣；深淵；分歧；漩渦

52、remotely 英 /r?m?tli/adv. 遙遠(yuǎn)地；偏僻地； （程度）極微地，極輕地relentless 英 /r?lentl?s/ adj. 無(wú)情的；殘酷的；不間斷的emission英/?m?n/ n.（光、熱等的）發(fā)射，散發(fā)；噴射；發(fā)行recession英/r?se?n/ n衰退；不景氣；后退；凹處我們已經(jīng)預(yù)支了繁榮，我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)過(guò)快，使我們處于破壞希望的真正危險(xiǎn) 消耗資源、砍伐熱帶雨林、向墨西哥灣泄露原油、改變氣候等等 實(shí)際上唯一能讓無(wú)情增長(zhǎng)的碳排放略微放緩的卻是衰退。.The system dynamics looks like this:firms produce goods

53、 for households and provide us with incomes. dynamics 英 /da?n?m?ks/ n. 動(dòng)力學(xué)，力學(xué)，動(dòng)態(tài)看來(lái)，體制的動(dòng)態(tài)狀況是這樣的：企業(yè)為家家戶戶生產(chǎn)商品，也為我們提供收入。.Many of them are victims of economic dislocation,and it is hard to fault them for seeking a change.dislocation 英 /?d?sl?ke?n/ n.位;混亂；醫(yī)脫臼他們當(dāng)中的很多人是經(jīng)濟(jì)胡亂的受害者，很難責(zé)怪他們求變的心態(tài)。.Keynes called th

54、is the“ parado-sxaovfinthgrsiftpull dow” n the economy. paradox 英 /?p?r?d?ks/n. 悖論，反論；似是而非的論點(diǎn)；自相矛盾的人或事thrift英/ 0 r?ft/n節(jié)儉；節(jié)約；植海石竹卡恩斯稱它為 “節(jié)儉悖論” -儲(chǔ)蓄會(huì)削弱經(jīng)濟(jì)。.A court in Oslo ruled Wednesday that Norwegian authorities,by holding Breivik in solitary confinement for five years,have breached the European Con

55、vention on Human Rights.Norwegian英/n?wi?d?n/ adj.挪威的；挪威語(yǔ)的；挪威人的；挪威文化的n. 挪威語(yǔ)；挪威人solitary 英 /?s?l?tri/ adj. 孤獨(dú)的；獨(dú)居的 n. 獨(dú)居者；隱士confinement 英 /k?n?fa?nm?nt/n. 限制；監(jiān)禁；分娩breach 英 /bri?t?/ n. 違背，違反；缺口 vt. 違反，破壞；打破convention 英 /k?n?ven?n/n. 大會(huì)；法 慣例；計(jì) 約定；法 協(xié)定；習(xí)俗奧斯陸一家法院星期三裁定，挪威當(dāng)局將布雷維克單獨(dú)監(jiān)禁長(zhǎng)達(dá)5 年，違反了歐洲人權(quán)公約。9.Some o

56、f the rarest days of the year come in the September seaso-ndays when it is comfortably cold but pulsing with life,when the sky is clear and clean,the air crisp,the wind free of dust.pulse 英 /p?ls/ vt. 使跳動(dòng) vi. 跳動(dòng)，脈跳comfortably 英 /?k?mft?bli; ?k?mf?t?bli/ adv. 舒服地；安樂(lè)地；充裕地九月有著一年中難得的好時(shí)光。天氣涼爽宜人，萬(wàn)物生機(jī)盎然，天空

57、清澈明凈，空氣清冽，纖塵不染。10.And asters blossom everywhere,along the roadsides,in meadows,on the hilltops,even in city lots.aster 英 /?st?(r)/n. 植 紫菀屬植物blossom 英 /?bl?s?m/ n. 花；開(kāi)花期；興旺期；花開(kāi)的狀態(tài)；漂亮的人v. 開(kāi)花；興旺；成功發(fā)展meadow 英 /?med?/ n. 草地；牧場(chǎng)hilltop 英 /?h?lt?p/n. 小山頂紫苑的倩影在道路邊、早地上、山頂上，甚至在都市的空地上，都隨處可見(jiàn)。第二題Franklin(356 字)In

58、 1757,Franklin went to London as an agent for the colony of Pennsylvania.colony 英 /?k?l?ni/ n. 殖民地；移民隊(duì)；種群；動(dòng)物棲息地1775 年，富蘭克林作為賓夕法尼亞殖民地的代表來(lái)到倫敦。He was later also colonial agent for Georgia,New Jersey,and Massachusetts.colonial 英 /k?l?ni?l/ adj. 殖民的，殖民地的后來(lái)又歷任佐治亞、新澤西和馬薩諸塞的殖民代表。During these years abroad,he

59、 worked hard to bridge the developing division between England and her American colonies.在國(guó)外生活的這些年中，他努力彌合英國(guó)與其美洲殖民地之間日益增大的裂痕。He had always considered himself a loyal Englishman.consider英/k?n?s?d?(r)/vt.考慮；認(rèn)為；考慮到；細(xì)想 vi.考慮；認(rèn)為；細(xì)想loyal英/?l?l/adj.忠誠(chéng)的，忠心的；忠貞的他一直認(rèn)為自己是個(gè)忠誠(chéng)的英國(guó)人。Gradually,however,his sympathies

60、 became more and more American and less British,and his ideas favoring American independence became stronger. sympathy英 /?s?mp? 0 i/riW情；慰問(wèn)；贊同然而，漸漸地，他對(duì)美國(guó)的同情越來(lái)越多，而對(duì)英國(guó)的同情則越來(lái)越少，贊成美國(guó)獨(dú)立的思想也越來(lái)越強(qiáng)烈。Returning to Philadelphia in 1775 at the start of the American Revolution,Franklin worked tirelessly for the c