ECER13有關(guān)M、N和O類車輛制動認(rèn)證的統(tǒng)一規(guī)定復(fù)習(xí)進程

1、Good is good, but better carries it.精益求精，善益求善。ECER13有關(guān)M、N和O類車輛制動認(rèn)證的統(tǒng)一規(guī)定目錄TOCo1-3hzuHYPERLINKl_Toc182738584前言PAGEREF_Toc182738584h4HYPERLINKl_Toc1827385851SCOPEPAGEREF_Toc182738585h7HYPERLINKl_Toc1827385861適用范圍PAGEREF_Toc182738586h7HYPERLINKl_Toc1827385872DEFINITIONSPAGEREF_Toc182738587h7HYPERLINKl_T

2、oc1827385882定義PAGEREF_Toc182738588h7HYPERLINKl_Toc1827385893APPLICATIONFORAPPROVALPAGEREF_Toc182738589h16HYPERLINKl_Toc1827385903認(rèn)證程序PAGEREF_Toc182738590h16HYPERLINKl_Toc1827385914APPROVALPAGEREF_Toc182738591h16HYPERLINKl_Toc1827385924型式批準(zhǔn)PAGEREF_Toc182738592h16HYPERLINKl_Toc1827385935SPECIFICATIONS

3、PAGEREF_Toc182738593h18HYPERLINKl_Toc1827385945技術(shù)要求PAGEREF_Toc182738594h18HYPERLINKl_Toc1827385956TESTSPAGEREF_Toc182738595h53HYPERLINKl_Toc1827385966試驗規(guī)定PAGEREF_Toc182738596h53HYPERLINKl_Toc1827385977MODIFICATIONOFVEHICLETYPEORBRAKINGSYSTEMANDEXTENSIONOFAPPROVALPAGEREF_Toc182738597h53HYPERLINKl_Toc

4、1827385987車型或制動系統(tǒng)的認(rèn)證更改和認(rèn)證擴展PAGEREF_Toc182738598h53HYPERLINKl_Toc1827385998CONFORMITYOFPRODUCTIONPAGEREF_Toc182738599h53HYPERLINKl_Toc1827386008生產(chǎn)一致性PAGEREF_Toc182738600h53HYPERLINKl_Toc1827386019PENALTIESFORNON-CONFORMITYOFPRODUCTIONPAGEREF_Toc182738601h55HYPERLINKl_Toc1827386029生產(chǎn)一致性不符合的處罰PAGEREF_T

5、oc182738602h55HYPERLINKl_ToPRODUCTIONDEFINITELYDISCONTINUEDPAGEREF_Toc182738603h55HYPERLINKl_To產(chǎn)品明確終止PAGEREF_Toc182738604h55HYPERLINKl_ToAMESANDADDRESSESOFTHETECHNICALSERVICESCONDUCTINGAPPROVALTESTSANDOFADMINISTRATIVEDEPARTMENTSPAGEREF_Toc182738605h55HYPERLINKl

6、_To式認(rèn)證測試機構(gòu)和型式認(rèn)證管理機構(gòu)的名稱和地址PAGEREF_Toc182738606h55HYPERLINKl_ToRANSITIONALPROVISIONSPAGEREF_Toc182738607h55HYPERLINKl_To渡期規(guī)定PAGEREF_Toc182738608h55HYPERLINKl_Toc182738609Annex1BRAKINGEQUIPMENT,DEVICES,METHODSANDCONDITIONSNOTCOVEREDBYTHISREGULATIONPAGEREF_Toc18273

7、8609h57HYPERLINKl_Toc182738610附錄1本法規(guī)未涉及的制動設(shè)備、裝置、方法和條件PAGEREF_Toc182738610h57HYPERLINKl_Toc182738611Annex2COMMUNICATION*/PAGEREF_Toc182738611h57HYPERLINKl_Toc182738612附錄2通知書(1)PAGEREF_Toc182738612h60HYPERLINKl_Toc182738613Annex2-Appendix1LISTOFVEHICLEDATAFORTHEPURPOSEOFREGULATIONNo.90APPROVALSPAGEREF

8、_Toc182738613h63HYPERLINKl_Toc182738614附錄2附件1申請90號法規(guī)認(rèn)證的車輛數(shù)據(jù)清單PAGEREF_Toc182738614h64HYPERLINKl_Toc182738615Annex3ARRANGEMENTSOFAPPROVALMARKSPAGEREF_Toc182738615h64HYPERLINKl_Toc182738616附錄3認(rèn)證標(biāo)志的布置示例PAGEREF_Toc182738616h66HYPERLINKl_Toc182738617Annex4BRAKINGTESTSANDPERFORMANCEOFBRAKINGSYSTEMSPAGEREF_

9、Toc182738617h67HYPERLINKl_Toc182738618附錄4制動試驗和制動系統(tǒng)性能PAGEREF_Toc182738618h67HYPERLINKl_Toc182738619Annex5ADDITIONALPROVISIONSAPPLICABLETOVEHICLESSUBJECTTOMARGINAL10221OFANNEXBOFADR*/PAGEREF_Toc182738619h89HYPERLINKl_Toc182738620附錄5適用于符合ADR(1)附錄B細則10221的車輛的輔助規(guī)定PAGEREF_Toc182738620h89HYPERLINKl_Toc1827

10、38621Annex6METHODOFMEASURINGTHERESPONSETIMEONVEHICLESEQUIPPEDWITHCOMPRESSED-AIRBRAKINGSYSTEMSPAGEREF_Toc182738621h90HYPERLINKl_Toc182738622附錄6測量裝備氣壓制動系統(tǒng)車輛反應(yīng)時間的方法PAGEREF_Toc182738622h90HYPERLINKl_Toc182738623Annex6AppendixEXAMPLEOFASIMULATOR(seeannex6,paragraph3)PAGEREF_Toc182738623h95HYPERLINKl_Toc1

11、82738624附錄6-附件1模擬器示例（見附錄6第3節(jié)）PAGEREF_Toc182738624h96HYPERLINKl_Toc182738625Annex7PROVISIONSRELATINGTOENERGYSOURCESANDENERGYSTORAGEDEVICES(ENERGYACCUMULATORS)PAGEREF_Toc182738625h97HYPERLINKl_Toc182738626附錄7蓄能裝置和供能裝置的規(guī)定（蓄能裝置）PAGEREF_Toc182738626h97HYPERLINKl_Toc182738627Annex8PROVISIONSRELATINGTOSPEC

12、IFICCONDITIONSFORSPRINGBRAKINGSYSTEMSPAGEREF_Toc182738627h107HYPERLINKl_Toc182738628附錄8彈簧制動系試驗PAGEREF_Toc182738628h107HYPERLINKl_Toc182738629Annex9PROVISIONSRELATINGTOPARKINGBRAKINGSYSTEMSEQUIPPEDWITHAMECHANICALBRAKE-CYLINDERLOCKINGDEVICE(Lockactuators)PAGEREF_Toc182738629h110HYPERLINKl_Toc182738630

13、附件9帶有機械圓筒式自鎖裝置的停車制動系統(tǒng)PAGEREF_Toc182738630h110HYPERLINKl_Toc182738631Annex10DISTRIBUTIONOFBRAKINGAMONGTHEAXLESOFVEHICLESANDREQUIREMENTSFORCOMPATIBILITYBETWEENTOWINGVEHICLESANDTRAILERSPAGEREF_Toc182738631h112HYPERLINKl_Toc182738632附件10制動力在車軸之間的分配及牽引車與掛車之間制動協(xié)調(diào)性要求PAGEREF_Toc182738632h112HYPERLINKl_Toc18

14、2738633Annex11CASESINWHICHTYPE-IAND/ORTYPE-II(ORTYPE-IIA)ORTYPE-IIITESTSDONOTHAVETOBECARRIEDOUTPAGEREF_Toc182738633h131HYPERLINKl_Toc182738634附件11I型、II型（或IIA型）、III型試驗不需要進行的實例PAGEREF_Toc182738634h131HYPERLINKl_Toc182738635Annex11-Appendix1PAGEREF_Toc182738635h133HYPERLINKl_Toc182738636附件11附錄1PAGEREF_

15、Toc182738636h133HYPERLINKl_Toc182738637Annex11-Appendix2ALTERNATIVEPROCEDURESFORTYPE-IANDTYPE-IIITESTSFORTRAILERBRAKESPAGEREF_Toc182738637h136HYPERLINKl_Toc182738638附件11-附錄2掛車制動器I型和III型試驗的替代檢驗規(guī)程PAGEREF_Toc182738638h136HYPERLINKl_Toc182738639Annex11-Appendix3MODELTESTREPORTFORMASPRESCRIBEDINPARAGRAPH

16、3.6.OFAPPENDIX2TOTHISANNEXPAGEREF_Toc182738639h146HYPERLINKl_Toc182738640附件11-附錄3附錄2中3.6節(jié)的試驗?zāi)M報告在本附錄中的應(yīng)用PAGEREF_Toc182738640h146HYPERLINKl_Toc182738641Annex12CONDITIONSGOVERNINGTHETESTINGOFVEHICLESEQUIPPEDWITHINERTIA(OVERRUN)BRAKINGSYSTEMSPAGEREF_Toc182738641h153HYPERLINKl_Toc182738642附件12在裝備了慣性制動系統(tǒng)

17、的控制條件試驗PAGEREF_Toc182738642h153HYPERLINKl_Toc182738643Annex12-Appendix1PAGEREF_Toc182738643h166HYPERLINKl_Toc182738644附件12附錄1PAGEREF_Toc182738644h166HYPERLINKl_Toc182738645Annex12-Appendix2TESTREPORTONINERTIA-BRAKINGSYSTEMCONTROLDEVICEPAGEREF_Toc182738645h173HYPERLINKl_Toc182738646附件12-附錄2慣性制動系統(tǒng)控制裝置

18、試驗報告PAGEREF_Toc182738646h173HYPERLINKl_Toc182738647Annex12Appendix3TESTREPORTONTHEBRAKEPAGEREF_Toc182738647h177HYPERLINKl_Toc182738648附件12附錄3制動試驗報告PAGEREF_Toc182738648h177HYPERLINKl_Toc182738649Annex12-Appendix4TESTREPORTONTHECOMPATIBILITYOFTHEINERTIABRAKECONTROLDEVICE,THETRANSMISSIONANDTHEBRAKESONT

19、HETRAILERPAGEREF_Toc182738649h179HYPERLINKl_Toc182738650附件12-附錄4拖車慣性制動控制裝置、傳動、制動的兼容性性報告PAGEREF_Toc182738650h179HYPERLINKl_Toc182738651Annex13TESTREQUIREMENTSFORVEHICLESFITTEDWITHANTI-LOCKSYSTEMSPAGEREF_Toc182738651h184HYPERLINKl_Toc182738652附件13整車匹配防抱死系統(tǒng)技術(shù)要求PAGEREF_Toc182738652h184HYPERLINKl_Toc1827

20、38653Annex14TESTCONDITIONSFORTRAILERSWITHELECTRICALBRAKINGSYSTEMSPAGEREF_Toc182738653h214HYPERLINKl_Toc182738654附件14電氣制動系統(tǒng)拖車的試驗條件PAGEREF_Toc182738654h214HYPERLINKl_Toc182738655Annex15INERTIADYNAMOMETERTESTMETHODFORBRAKELININGSPAGEREF_Toc182738655h217HYPERLINKl_Toc182738656附件15制動襯片的慣性測功機試驗方法PAGEREF_T

21、oc182738656h217HYPERLINKl_Toc182738657附錄12H：第13-H號法規(guī)勘誤2PAGEREF_Toc182738657h223HYPERLINKl_Toc182738658附錄12H：第13-H號法規(guī)勘誤3PAGEREF_Toc182738658h223HYPERLINKl_Toc182738659附錄12H：第13-H號法規(guī)原始版勘誤4PAGEREF_Toc182738659h224HYPERLINKl_Toc182738660附錄12：第13號法規(guī)修訂本4-增補件2-勘誤2PAGEREF_Toc182738660h224HYPERLINKl_Toc18273

22、8661附錄12：第13號法規(guī)修訂本4-增補件1PAGEREF_Toc182738661h265HYPERLINKl_Toc182738662附錄12：第13號法規(guī)rv4am3ePAGEREF_Toc182738662h356HYPERLINKl_Toc182738663附錄12H：第13-H號法規(guī)r013r4a2ePAGEREF_Toc182738663h435前言本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)關(guān)于就制動方面批準(zhǔn)M類、N類、和O類車輛的統(tǒng)一規(guī)定是公司技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)性標(biāo)準(zhǔn)之一。本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)為公司統(tǒng)一執(zhí)行的企業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)適用于安徽江淮汽車股份（集團）有限公司生產(chǎn)的乘用車。本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是參照ECER13關(guān)于就制動方面批準(zhǔn)M類、N類、和O

23、類車輛的統(tǒng)一規(guī)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進行全文翻譯。未對其中的內(nèi)容作任何變更或修改，僅對其中的計量單位進行了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化。并采用中英文對照形式表達。本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)附錄1-15為規(guī)范性附錄。本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)自發(fā)布之日起，同時代替ECER13關(guān)于就制動方面批準(zhǔn)M類、N類、和O類車輛的統(tǒng)一規(guī)定。本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)由安徽江淮汽車股份有限公司技術(shù)中心乘用車研究院提出。本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)由安徽江淮汽車股份有限公司技術(shù)中心標(biāo)準(zhǔn)法規(guī)部歸口管理。本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)主要起草單位：江淮汽車股份有限公司技術(shù)中心乘用車研究院、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)法規(guī)部。本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)主要起草人：韓震本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)批準(zhǔn)人：本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)版本為首次發(fā)布。AGREEMENTCONCERNINGTHEADOPTIONOFUNIFORMTECHNICALPRE

24、SCRIPTIONSFORWHEELEDVEHICLES,EQUIPMENTANDPARTSWHICHCANBEFITTEDAND/ORBEUSEDONWHEELEDVEHICLESANDTHECONDITIONSFORRECIPROCALRECOGNITIONOFAPPROVALSGRANTEDONTHEBASISOFTHESEPRESCRIPTIONS*/(Revision2,includingtheamendmentsenteredintoforceon16October1995)Addendum12:RegulationNo.13Revision4UNIFORMPROVISIONSCO

25、NCERNINGTHEAPPROVALOFVEHICLESOFCATEGORIESM,NANDOWITHREGARDTOBRAKING*/FormertitleoftheAgreement:AgreementConcerningtheAdoptionofUniformConditionsofApprovalandReciprocalRecognitionofApprovalforMotorVehicleEquipmentandParts,doneatGenevaon20March1958.聯(lián)合國協(xié)議關(guān)于輪式車輛安裝及或用在輪式車輛上的裝備及零部件采用統(tǒng)一的技術(shù)法規(guī)以及滿足這些法規(guī)的認(rèn)證相互認(rèn)可

26、的條件(*)（第2版，包括1995年10月16日開始生效的修正本）附錄12：13號法規(guī)第4版有關(guān)M、N和O類車輛制動認(rèn)證的統(tǒng)一規(guī)定(*)協(xié)議的原名：有關(guān)采用機動車輛裝備及零部件認(rèn)證以及認(rèn)證相互認(rèn)可的統(tǒng)一條件的協(xié)議，于1958年3月20日在日內(nèi)瓦通過。1SCOPE1適用范圍1.1ThisRegulationappliestothebrakingofpower-drivenvehiclesindividuallyandoftrailersindividuallyofcategoriesM,NandOasdefinedinannex7totheConsolidatedResolutionontheC

27、onstructionofVehicles(R.E.3).1.1本法規(guī)分別適用于車輛結(jié)構(gòu)統(tǒng)一規(guī)定（R.E.3）的附錄7中規(guī)定的M，N及O類牽引車和掛車制動1.2ThisRegulationdoesnotcover:1.2本法規(guī)未涉及：1.2.1vehicleswithadesignspeednotexceeding25km/h;1.2.1設(shè)計車速低于25km/h的車輛；1.2.2trailerswhichmaynotbecoupledtopower-drivenvehicleswithadesignspeedexceeding25km/h;1.2.2不能與設(shè)計車速超過25km/h的牽引車掛接的

28、掛車；1.2.3vehiclesfittedforinvaliddrivers;1.2.3殘疾人駕駛的車輛。1.3SubjecttotheapplicableprovisionsofthisRegulation,theequipment,devices,methodsandconditionsenumeratedinannex1arenotcoveredbythisRegulation.1.3.以本法規(guī)適用的規(guī)定為條件，附錄中列舉的設(shè)備、裝置、方法和條件不包括在法規(guī)中。2DEFINITIONS2定義ForthepurposesofthisRegulation,本法規(guī)采用下列定義：2.1.App

29、rovalofavehiclemeanstheapprovalofavehicletypewithregardtobraking;2.1.“車輛認(rèn)證”是指就車輛制動性能方面的車輛型式認(rèn)證。2.2.Vehicletypemeansacategoryofvehicleswhichdonotdifferinsuchessentialrespectsas:2.2.“車型”是指在下列主要方面沒有差異的車輛。2.2.1.inthecaseofpower-drivenvehicle,2.2.1.對于機動車輛：.thevehiclecategory,(seeparagraph1.1.above);.車輛類型（

30、見上面1.1條）；.themaximummass,asdefinedinparagraph2.16.below;.最大總質(zhì)量（下面2.1.6條中給出了最大總質(zhì)量的定義）；.thedistributionofmassamongtheaxles;.各軸之間的質(zhì)量分配；.themaximumdesignspeed;.最高設(shè)計車速；.adifferenttypeofbrakingequipment,withmoreparticularreferencetothepresenceorotherwiseofequipmentforbrakingatrailer,oranypresenceofanelect

31、ricregenerativebrakingsystem;.制動裝置，特別要考慮掛車有無制動裝置或者是否存在電力再生制動系統(tǒng)；.thenumberandarrangementoftheaxles;.軸數(shù)和布置；.theenginetype;.發(fā)動機類型；.thenumberandratiosofgears;.變速器檔數(shù)和速比；.thefinaldriveratios;.驅(qū)動橋速比；0.thetyredimensions;0.輪胎尺寸。2.2.2.inthecaseoftrailers,2.2.2.對于掛車：.thevehiclecategory(seeparagraph1.1.above);.

32、車輛類型（見上面1.1條）；.themaximummass,asdefinedinparagraph2.16.below;.最大總質(zhì)量（下面2.1.6條中給出了最大總質(zhì)量的定義）；.thedistributionofmassamongtheaxles;.各軸之間的質(zhì)量分配；.adifferenttypeofbrakingequipment;.制動裝置；.thenumberandarrangementoftheaxles;.軸數(shù)和布置；.thetyredimensions;.輪胎尺寸。2.3.Brakingsystemmeansthecombinationofpartswhosefunction

33、isprogressivelytoreducethespeedofamovingvehicleorbringittoahalt,ortokeepitstationaryifitisalreadyhalted;thesefunctionsarespecifiedinparagraph5.1.2.Thesystemconsistsofthecontrol,thetransmission,andthebrakeproper;2.3.“制動系統(tǒng)”是指一個由相關(guān)零件組成的系統(tǒng)，其功能為逐漸降低行駛中車輛的速度或使其停止；如果車輛已經(jīng)停止，則使車輛固定不動。這些功能在5.1.2條中將詳細說明。此系統(tǒng)包括控

34、制裝置、傳遞裝置和適當(dāng)?shù)闹苿悠鳌?.4.Controlmeansthepartactuateddirectlybythedriver(orinthecaseofsometrailers,byanassistant)tofurnishtothetransmissiontheenergyrequiredforbrakingorcontrollingit.Thisenergymaybethemuscularenergyofthedriver,orenergyfromanothersourcecontrolledbythedriver,orinappropriatecasesthekineticene

35、rgyofatrailer,oracombinationofthesevariouskindsofenergy;2.4.“控制裝置”是指由駕駛員（對于某些掛車或者由助手）直接操縱的零件，以向能量傳遞裝置供應(yīng)制動或控制制動所需的能量。此能量可以是駕駛員的體力或者來自駕駛員控制的其它能源及（在適當(dāng)?shù)那闆r下）掛車的動能或者這些能量的組合。2.4.1.Actuationmeansbothapplicationandreleaseofthecontrol.2.4.1.“操縱”是指控制裝置的作用或解除作用。2.5.Transmissionmeansthecombinationofcomponentscom

36、prisedbetweenthecontrolandthebrakeandlinkingthemfunctionally.Thetransmissionmaybemechanical,hydraulic,pneumatic,electricormixed.Wherethebrakingpowerisderivedfromorassistedbyasourceofenergyindependentofthedriverbutcontrolledbyhim,thereserveofenergyinthesystemislikewisepartofthetransmission.2.5.“傳遞裝置”

37、是指由包括在控制裝置和制動器之間的元件組成，并把兩者在功能上聯(lián)接起來的裝置。傳遞裝置可以是機械式、液壓式、電氣式或混合式。當(dāng)制動力來源于一個獨立于駕駛員，但由駕駛員控制的輔助能源時，制動系統(tǒng)中的儲存能量也可以是能量傳遞的一部分。Thetransmissionisdividedintotwoindependentfunctions:thecontroltransmissionandtheenergytransmission.WheneverthetermtransmissionisusedaloneinthisRegulation,itmeansboththecontroltransmissio

38、nandtheenergytransmission.Thecontrolandsupplylinesbetweentowingvehiclesandtrailersshallnotbeconsideredaspartsofthetransmission.傳遞裝置可以分成兩個相互獨立的部分：控制傳輸裝置和能量傳輸裝置。在本法規(guī)中，無論何時，只要單獨使用術(shù)語“傳遞裝置”，那么它將同時指“控制傳遞裝置”和“能量傳遞裝置”。牽引車和掛車之間的控制和供應(yīng)管線不是傳遞裝置的組成部分。2.5.1.Controltransmissionmeansthecombinationofthecomponentsoft

39、hetransmissionwhichcontroltheoperationofthebrakes,includingthecontrolfunctionandthenecessaryreserve(s)ofenergy.2.5.1.“控制傳遞裝置”是指由控制制動器運行的傳遞裝置的元件組成的裝置。它包括控制功能和必要的儲存能量。2.5.2.Energytransmissionmeansthecombinationofthecomponentswhichsupplytothebrakesthenecessaryenergyfortheirfunction,includingthereserve(

40、s)ofenergynecessaryfortheoperationofthebrakes.2.5.2.“能量傳遞裝置”是指由為使制動器實現(xiàn)制動而供給制動器必要能量的元件組成的裝置。它包括制動器制動所必需的儲存能量。2.6.Brakemeansthepartinwhichtheforcesopposingthemovementofthevehicledevelop.Itmaybeafrictionbrake(whentheforcesaregeneratedbyfrictionbetweentwopartsofthevehiclemovingrelativelytooneanother);an

41、electricalbrake(whentheforcesaregeneratedbyelectro-magneticactionbetweentwopartsofthevehiclemovingrelativelytobutnotincontactwithoneanother);afluidbrake(whentheforcesaregeneratedbytheactionofafluidsituatedbetweentwopartsofthevehiclemovingrelativelytooneanother);oranenginebrake(whentheforcesarederive

42、dfromanartificialincreaseinthebrakingaction,transmittedtothewheels,oftheengine);2.6.“制動器”是指產(chǎn)生阻止車輛運動的力的零部件。它可以是摩擦式制動器（如果制動力由車輛兩個相對運動的零件磨擦產(chǎn)生）、電氣式制動器（如果制動力由車輛兩個相對運動、但不接觸的零部件的電磁作用產(chǎn)生）、液壓式制動器（如果制動力由位于車輛兩個相對運動的零部件間的液體作用產(chǎn)生）或者發(fā)動機制動（如果傳輸?shù)杰囕喩系闹苿恿υ从诎l(fā)動機制動作用的人為增加）。2.7.Differenttypesofbrakingsystemsmeanssystemswhi

43、chdifferinsuchessentialrespectsas:2.7.“不同型號的制動系統(tǒng)”是指在下列主要方面不同的制動系統(tǒng)：ponentshavingdifferentcharacteristics;2.7.1.零部件具有不同的特性參數(shù)；2.7.2.acomponentmadeofmaterialshavingdifferentcharacteristics,oracomponentdifferinginshapeorsize;2.7.2.零部件由具有不同特性的材料制造；或者零部件具有不同的型式或尺寸；2.7.3.adifferentassemblyofthecomponents;2.

44、7.3.零部件不同的組合方式。2.8.Componentofabrakingsystemmeansoneoftheindividualpartswhich,whenassembled,constitutethebrakingsystem;2.8.“制動系統(tǒng)的零部件”是指制動系統(tǒng)組裝以后，構(gòu)成制動系統(tǒng)的某一個單獨的零部件。2.9.Continuousbrakingmeansthebrakingofacombinationofvehiclesthroughaninstallationhavingthefollowingcharacteristics:2.9.“連續(xù)制動”是指通過具有下述特性的裝置對

45、車輛列車的制動：2.9.1.asinglecontrolwhichthedriveractuatesprogressively,byasinglemovement,fromhisdrivingseat;2.9.1.通過一個簡單的移動，駕駛員從其駕駛座位逐漸啟動的一個簡單的控制裝置；2.9.2.theenergyusedforbrakingthevehiclesconstitutingthecombinationisfurnishedbythesamesource(whichmaybethemuscularenergyofthedriver);2.9.2.用于制動組成車輛列車的車輛的能量來自于相

46、同的能量源（可以是駕駛員的體力）；2.9.3.thebrakinginstallationensuressimultaneousorsuitably-phasedbrakingofeachoftheconstituentvehiclesofthecombination,whatevertheirrelativepositions;2.9.3.制動裝置應(yīng)保證車輛列車同時產(chǎn)生制動或產(chǎn)生適當(dāng)?shù)闹苿舆^程，而與它們的相對位置無關(guān)。2.10.Semi-continuousbrakingmeansthebrakingofacombinationofvehiclesthroughaninstallationh

47、avingthefollowingcharacteristics:2.10.“半連續(xù)制動”是指通過具有下述特性的裝置對車輛列車的制動；2.10.1.asinglecontrolwhichthedriveractuatesprogressively,byasinglemovement,fromhisdrivingseat;2.10.1.通過一個簡單的移動，駕駛員從其駕駛座位逐漸啟動一個簡單的控制裝置；2.10.2.theenergyusedforbrakingthevehiclesconstitutingthecombinationisfurnishedbytwodifferentsources

48、(oneofwhichmaybethemuscularenergyofthedriver);2.10.2.用于制動組成車輛列車的車輛的能量來自于相同的能量源（可以是駕駛員的體力）2.10.3.thebrakinginstallationensuressimultaneousorsuitably-phasedbrakingofeachoftheconstituentvehiclesofthecombination,whatevertheirrelativepositions;2.10.3.制動裝置應(yīng)保證車輛列車中的每一組成車輛同步或相差適當(dāng)相位地制動，而與它們的相對位置無關(guān)。2.11.Autom

49、aticbrakingmeansbrakingofthetrailerortrailersoccurringautomaticallyintheeventofseparationofcomponentsofthecombinationofcoupledvehicles,includingsuchseparationthroughthebreakageofacoupling,theeffectivenessofthebrakingoftheremainderofthecombinationnotbeingtherebydestroyed;2.11.“自動制動”是指當(dāng)車輛列車的連接部件分離，包括因

50、聯(lián)接器損壞而引起的分離時掛車自動進行的制動。車輛列車的剩余部分制動的有效性不得因此而受到破壞。2.12.Inertia(oroverrun)brakingmeansbrakingbyutilizingtheforcesgeneratedbythetrailersmovinguponthetowingvehicle;2.12.“慣性（超越）制動”是指利用掛車向前推動牽引車而產(chǎn)生的力進行的制動。2.13.Progressiveandgraduatedbrakingmeansbrakingduringwhich,withinthenormaloperatingrangeoftheequipment,

51、andduringactuationofthebrakes(seeparagraph2.4.1.above);2.13.“漸近和階段式制動”是指（在設(shè)備的正常的操作范圍內(nèi)）制動器促動過程中的制動（見上面的2.4.1條）。2.13.1.thedrivercanatanymomentincreaseordecreasethebrakingforcebyactingonthecontrol;2.13.1.駕駛員可以通過操縱控制裝置隨時增加或減少制動力；2.13.2.thebrakingforcevariesproportionallyastheactiononthecontrol(monotonic

52、function);and2.13.2.制動力隨控制裝置的操縱而相應(yīng)地變化；2.13.3.thebrakingforcecanbeeasilyregulatedwithsufficientprecision;2.13.3.可以以足夠的精確度方便地調(diào)節(jié)制動力。2.14.Endurancebrakingsystem1/meansanadditionalbrakingsystemhavingthecapabilitytoprovideandtomaintainabrakingeffectoveralongperiodoftimewithoutasignificantreductioninperfor

53、mance.Thetermendurancebrakingsystemcoversthecompletesystemincludingthecontroldevice,2.14.“持續(xù)制動系統(tǒng)”(1)是指在較長的時間內(nèi)能夠提供并維持制動效能，不使制動效能有顯著性能降低的應(yīng)急制動系統(tǒng)。術(shù)語“持續(xù)制動系統(tǒng)”涉及包括控制裝置在內(nèi)的整個系統(tǒng)。2.14.1.Theendurancebrakingsystemmaycompriseasingledeviceoracombinationofseveraldevices.Eachdevicemayhaveitsowncontrol.2.14.1.持續(xù)制動系統(tǒng)可

54、以由單個裝置或幾個裝置組成。每個裝置可以有其自身的控制裝置。2.14.2.Controlconfigurationsforendurancebrakingsystems:2.14.2.持續(xù)制動系統(tǒng)的控制型式：.Independentendurancebrakingsystemmeansanendurancebrakingsystemwhosecontroldeviceisseparatedfromthatoftheserviceandotherbrakingsystems,.“獨立式持續(xù)制動系統(tǒng)”是指控制裝置獨立于行車制動系統(tǒng)和其它制動系統(tǒng)的持續(xù)制動系統(tǒng)。.Integratedenduranc

55、ebrakingsystem2/meansanendurancebrakingsystemwhosecontroldeviceisintegratedwiththatoftheservicebrakingsysteminsuchawaythatbothenduranceandservicebrakingsystemsareappliedsimultaneouslyorsuitablyphasedbyoperationofthecombinedcontroldevice,.“集成式持續(xù)制動系統(tǒng)”(2)是指控制裝置與行車制動系統(tǒng)控制裝置集成在一起的持續(xù)制動系統(tǒng)。通過操縱集成控制裝置，持續(xù)制動系統(tǒng)和

56、行車制動系統(tǒng)同步或相差適當(dāng)相位地起作用。.Combinedendurancebrakingsystemmeansanintegratedendurancebrakingsystem,whichinadditionhasacut-outdevice,whichallowsthecombinedcontroltoapplytheservicebrakingsystemalone.“合成式持續(xù)制動系統(tǒng)”是指額外加有中斷器的集成式持續(xù)制動系統(tǒng)。中斷器允許合成控制裝置單獨使用行車制動系統(tǒng)。1/Untiluniformprocedureshavebeenagreedtocalculatetheeffect

57、sofendurancebrakingsystemsontheprovisionsinannex10tothisRegulation,thisdefinitiondoesnotcovervehiclesfittedwithregenerativebrakingsystems.(1)在根據(jù)本法規(guī)附錄10中的規(guī)定，用于計算持續(xù)制動系統(tǒng)制動效能的統(tǒng)一方法通過之前，此定義不包括裝備電力再生制動系統(tǒng)的車輛。2/Untiluniformprocedureshavebeenagreedtocalculatetheeffectsofendurancebrakingsystemsontheprovisionsi

58、nannex10tothisRegulation,vehiclesequippedwithanintegratedendurancebrakingsystemmustalsobeequippedwithananti-locksystemactingatleastontheservicebrakesoftheendurancebrakingsystemcontrolledaxleandontheendurancebrakingsystemitself,andtestedaccordingtotheprovisionsofannex13tothisRegulation.(2)在根據(jù)本法規(guī)附錄10中

59、的規(guī)定，用于計算持續(xù)制動系統(tǒng)制動效能的統(tǒng)一方法通過之前，裝備集成持續(xù)制動系統(tǒng)的車輛也必須裝備至少作用于持續(xù)制動系統(tǒng)控制的軸的行車制動器的防抱死系統(tǒng)。該防抱死系統(tǒng)也作用于持續(xù)制動系統(tǒng)本身，并且根據(jù)本法規(guī)附錄13的規(guī)定進行試驗。2.15.Ladenvehiclemeans,exceptwhereotherwisestated,avehiclesoladenastoattainitsmaximummass;2.15.“滿載車輛”是指除特殊規(guī)定外，為達到車輛的“最大質(zhì)量”而加載的車輛。2.16.Maximummassmeansthemaximummassstatedbythevehiclemanufa

60、cturertobetechnicallypermissible(thismassmaybehigherthanthepermissiblemaximummasslaiddownbythenationaladministration);2.16.“最大質(zhì)量”是指由制造廠規(guī)定的，技術(shù)上許可的最大質(zhì)量（這一質(zhì)量可能大于國家管理部門規(guī)定的“最大許可的質(zhì)量”）。2.17.Thedistributionofmassamongtheaxlesmeansthedistributionoftheeffectofthegravityonthemassofthevehicleand/oritscontentsam