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1、六級(jí)真題閱讀長(zhǎng)難句分析 1.For hundreds of millions of years, turtles (海龜 ) have struggled out ofthe sea to lay their eggs on sandy beaches, long before there were nature documentaries to celebrate them, or GPS satellites and marine biologists to track them, or volunteers to handcarry the hatchlings ( 幼龜 ) down
2、to the water s edge lest they become disoriented by headlights and crawl towards a motel parking lot instead. (2009年 6 月 )【分析】本旬為復(fù)合旬,主架為turtles have struggled。For hundreds of millions of years為介詞短語(yǔ)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。before 為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,該從旬 采 用的 是 there be 結(jié)構(gòu) ,主 語(yǔ)為 or 連 接的三個(gè) 名詞( 詞組) : natural documentaries , GPS satel
3、lites and marine biologists 和 volunteers ,主語(yǔ) 后的不定式均為主語(yǔ)的后置定語(yǔ)。 lest “以免”引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句,采用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。【譯文】數(shù)百萬(wàn)年以來,海龜們都掙扎著從海里爬出來,到沙灘上產(chǎn)卵,那時(shí)候還沒有自然紀(jì)錄片來記錄它們的活動(dòng),沒有GPSS星和海洋生物學(xué)家跟蹤它們,沒有志愿者用手把小海龜放到水邊以防它們被桅燈搞得迷失方向而爬向旅館的停車場(chǎng)。2.The figures prompted Oceanato petition the government to upgrade the level of protection for the North At
4、lantic loggerheads from“threatened ” to“endangered” meaning they are in danger of disappearing without additional help. (2009 年 6 月 )【分析】本旬為復(fù)合旬,主架為 The figures prompted Oceana 。to petition the government 為不定 式 作 prompted 的狀 語(yǔ) , to upgrade the level of protection 為不定式作 petition的狀語(yǔ)。they are in danger
5、help 作meaning 的賓語(yǔ),相當(dāng)于省略了引導(dǎo)詞 that 的賓語(yǔ)從句。【譯文】這些數(shù)字迫使Oceana向政府請(qǐng)求將對(duì)北大西洋大海龜?shù)谋Wo(hù)程度由“受到威脅”提升到“瀕臨滅絕”,這意味著如果沒有額外的保護(hù),它們將面臨消失 的危險(xiǎn)。 3.But Nature is indifferent to human notions of fairness, and a report bythe Fish and Wildlife Service showed a worrisome drop in the populations of several species of North Atlantic
6、 sea turtles, notably loggerheads, which can grow to as much as 400 pounds. (2009 年 6 月 )【分析】本句為并列復(fù)合句,主架為 Nature is indifferent anda report showed a drop 。But 表轉(zhuǎn)折。by the Fish and Wildlife Service 為介詞 短語(yǔ)作 report 的后置定語(yǔ)。 which can grow to as much as 400 pounds 為非限 制性定語(yǔ)從句,修飾loggerheads。be indifferent to
7、 意為“對(duì)無(wú)動(dòng)于衷”。 a drop in 指"在方面下降”?!咀g文】但是大自然對(duì)人們的平等觀念卻漠不關(guān)心,漁業(yè)和野生動(dòng)物服務(wù)組織的一項(xiàng)報(bào)告顯示,北大西洋好幾種海龜?shù)臄?shù)量都在令人擔(dān)憂地下降,尤其是一種能夠長(zhǎng)到 400 磅重的大海龜。 4.The narrow strips of beach on which the turtles lay their eggs are being squeezed on one side by development and on the other by the threat of rising sea levels as the oceans w
8、arm. (2009 年 6 月 )【分析】 本旬為復(fù)合旬,主架為beach are being squeezed。on which eggs 為定語(yǔ)從句,修飾 beach。squeezed 后接了兩個(gè)由 on one side and on the other 結(jié)構(gòu)連接的狀語(yǔ): by development 和 by the threat 。 of rising sea levels 為 介詞短語(yǔ)作 threat 的后置定語(yǔ)。 as the oceans warm 為原因狀語(yǔ)從句?!咀g文】一方面是人類的開發(fā),另一方面是海平面因海水變暖而上升,使得海龜們產(chǎn)卵的狹窄沙灘正在縮小。 5.It tu
9、rns out, according to Griffin, that while we have done a good job of protecting the turtles for the weeks they spend on land (as egg-laying females, as eggs and as hatchlings), we have neglected the years they spend in the ocean. (2009 年 6 月 )【分析】本旬為復(fù)合旬,主架為 It turns outthat。according to Griffin 為插入語(yǔ)
10、。that while in the ocean為賓語(yǔ)從旬。while在這里為連詞,表轉(zhuǎn) 折。 they spend on land 為省略了引導(dǎo)詞的定語(yǔ)從句,修飾的是the weeks 。括號(hào)容進(jìn)步解釋 they spend on land , as 相當(dāng)于“作為” 。 they spend in the ocean 為省略了引導(dǎo)詞的定語(yǔ)從句,修飾the years ?!咀g文】按照 Griffin 的說法,答案是這樣:雖然我們對(duì)保護(hù)海龜們(產(chǎn)卵的母海龜,龜卵,小海龜)在岸上度過的幾個(gè)星期做得很好,但是我們卻忽略了它們?cè)诤@锒冗^的歲月。 6.Ultimatelywe must get a ha
11、ndle on those issues as well, or a creature thatoutlived the dinosaurs ( 恐龍 ) will meet its end at the hands of humans, leaving our descendants to wonder how a creature so ugly could have won so much affection. (2009 年 6 月 )【分析】本旬為復(fù)合旬,主架為we mustor。or表?xiàng)l件。get a handle on sth. 指“著手處理某事"。thatdinosa
12、urs 為定語(yǔ)從句,修飾的是 a creature。 leaving our為現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。how aaffection為賓語(yǔ)從句,作wonder的賓語(yǔ)。固定短語(yǔ) meet one' s end指“迎接末日,即死亡”,at the hands of為,指“出自之手,由完成”。【譯文】最終,我們必須著手處理這些問題,否則,這種比恐龍壽命還要長(zhǎng)的生物將會(huì)在人類手中滅絕,從而給我們的后代留下疑問:為什么這么丑的生物卻能獲得人們?nèi)绱硕嗟年P(guān)愛? 7.But economists say families about to go into debt to fund four years
13、of partying, as well as studying, can console themselves with the knowledge that college is an investment that, unlike manybank stocks, should yield huge dividends. (2009 年 6 月 )【分析】 本旬為復(fù)合旬,主架為economists say families can。about to gointo debt 為 families 的后置定語(yǔ), to fund four years為不定式作目的狀語(yǔ),of partying,
14、 as well as studying為介詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)。 that college investment 為同位語(yǔ)從句, 作 knowledge 的同位語(yǔ);that should yield huge dividends 為定語(yǔ)從句,修飾的是investment ,在該從句中,unlike many bankstocks 為插入語(yǔ)。【譯文】但是,經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家說,那些即將要負(fù)債來支付四年的聚會(huì)和學(xué)習(xí)費(fèi)用的家庭可以從以下事實(shí)得到一些安慰:上大學(xué)是一項(xiàng)投資,與銀行股票不同的是,這項(xiàng)投資將有巨大的紅利。 8.A 2008 s tudy by two Harvard economists notes
15、that the“ labor -marketpremium to skill ” or the amount college graduates earned that s greater than what high-school graduates earned decreased for much of the 20th century, but has comeback with a vengeance ( 報(bào)復(fù)性地 ) since the 1980s. (2009 年 6 月 )【分析】本旬為復(fù)合旬,主架為 A 2008 study notes。by two Harvard eco
16、nomists 作 study 的后置定語(yǔ), 說明 study 的發(fā)起者。 that 引導(dǎo)一個(gè)很長(zhǎng)的賓語(yǔ)從句, 作 notes 的賓語(yǔ)。 在該賓語(yǔ)從句中, 主語(yǔ)為 the “ labor -market premium to skill ”, 謂語(yǔ)有兩個(gè), 由 but 連接, 即 decreased 和 has comeback 。 for much of the 20th century 和 since the 1980s 為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),修飾謂語(yǔ)。兩個(gè)破折號(hào)中間的容為插入語(yǔ),解釋說明“ labor -market premium to skill ”。在該插入語(yǔ) 中, what 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,
17、作 than 的賓語(yǔ),相當(dāng)于 the amount 。【譯文】 2008 年哈佛大學(xué)的兩位經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)者所做的一項(xiàng)研究指出, “勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)給技能的額外收益”或者說大學(xué)畢業(yè)生比高中畢業(yè)生掙得多的那部分錢在20 世紀(jì)的大部分時(shí)間都在下降,但是從20 世紀(jì) 80 年代起,開始迅速回升。9.But a look at the strange variations in tuition reveals that the choiceabout which college to attend doesn t comedownmerely to dollars and cents. (2009 年 6 月 )【分
18、析】本句為復(fù)合旬,主架為 a look reveals。that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,作 reveals 的賓語(yǔ)。 about which college to attend 為介詞短語(yǔ)作choice 的后置定語(yǔ)。 which college to attend 為賓語(yǔ)從句,作 about 的賓語(yǔ)。 come down to 指“取決于”?!咀g文】但是看一下學(xué)費(fèi)的奇怪變化,就可以知道選擇去哪所大學(xué)不僅僅取決于金錢了。 10.No, in this consumerist age, most buyers aren t evaluating college as an investment, but r
19、ather as a consumer product like a car or clothes or a house. (2009 年 6月)【分析】本句為簡(jiǎn)單句,主架為 buyers aren' t evaluating collegeasbut rather as。in this consumerist age為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。破折號(hào)后的 like ahouse 解釋說明consumer product。evaluate sth. as 指“將某物評(píng)定為”?!咀g文】不,在這個(gè)消費(fèi)年主義代,大多數(shù)買家不是把上大學(xué)看作投資,而是看作消費(fèi)品就像汽車、衣服和房子一樣。 11.As with
20、automobiles, consumers in today s college marketplace have vast choices, and people search for the one that gives them the most comfort and satisfaction in line with their budgets. (2009年 6 月 )【分析】本句為and連接的并列復(fù)合句,主架為consumers - - have vast choices,and people search for the one 。 in today s colle ge m
21、arketplace 為介詞短 語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)。that givessatisfaction為定語(yǔ)從句,修飾的是 the one。inline with their budgets為介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)。in line with 指“與一致,按照”?!咀g文】與買汽車一樣,消費(fèi)者在如今的大學(xué)市場(chǎng)有很多選擇,人們會(huì)按照自己的預(yù)算尋找那些讓他們感到最舒服最滿意的。12.Since 2001, more than 1,000 high school and college students in the U.S.have participated in the Body Project, which work
22、s by getting girls tounderstand how they have been buying into the notion that you have to bethin to be happy or successful. (2009 年 6 月 )【分析】本旬為復(fù)合旬,主架為 studentshave participated in the Body Project o Since 2001為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。which successful為非限制性定語(yǔ)從旬,修飾的是 the Body Project 。 byunderstand 為方式狀語(yǔ)。 how they noti
23、on 為賓語(yǔ)從句,作 understand的賓語(yǔ)。that yousuccessful為同位語(yǔ)從句,解 釋的是 notion 。 buy into 指“接受并受(某種思想、觀點(diǎn)等)的影響”。【譯文】從 2001 年起,在美國(guó)已經(jīng)有超過1000 名高中和大學(xué)生參與了這項(xiàng)“身體計(jì)劃”, 這一計(jì)劃旨在讓女孩們了解她們是如何被灌輸那種“為了成功和幸福,你必須瘦”的思想的。13.Such lasting effects maybe due to girls realizing not only howthey were being influenced but also who was benefiti
24、ng from the societal pressure to be thin. (2009 年 6月)【分析】本旬為復(fù)合旬,主架為 effects maybe due to。girls ' realizing 為動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。realizing 后接了兩個(gè)由并列結(jié)構(gòu) not onlybut also 連 接的賓語(yǔ)從句, 分另是 howthey were being influenced 和 who wasbenefiting to be thin ?!咀g文】 這些持續(xù)的效果可能是因?yàn)榕儾粌H意識(shí)到了她們是如何受到影響的,還意識(shí)到了誰(shuí)從這些讓大家感到應(yīng)該瘦身的社會(huì)壓力中受益。14.
25、The company did not have the money to hire “ experts ” , and there was no established athletic footwear industry in North America from which to recruit those knowledgeable in the field. (2008年 12 月 )【分析】本句為 and連接的并列復(fù)合句,主架為 The company did not have the money and there was no industry 。to hire “expert
26、s” 為動(dòng)詞不定式作 目的狀語(yǔ)。 established athletic footwear 為 industry 的前置定語(yǔ)。 in North America 為地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。 from which to recruit those knowledgeable in the field 為“介詞+ which”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,修飾的是 North America?!咀g文】 公司沒有錢去雇傭“專家”, 而且當(dāng)時(shí)在北美也沒有既成的運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋行業(yè),無(wú)法從這一領(lǐng)域招聘到有才能的人。15.What s more, demandfor animal products in developing countri
27、es is growing so fast that meeting it will require an extra 300 million tons of grain a year by 2050. (2008 年 12月 )【分析】本旬為復(fù)合旬,主架為demand- - is growing so fast that。What' s more為插入語(yǔ)。thatby 2050 為結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句,其中 meeting it 為現(xiàn)在分詞 短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)?!咀g文】此外,發(fā)展中國(guó)家對(duì)動(dòng)物制品的需求上升很快,要滿足這些需求,需要在 2050 年之前每年增加3 億噸谷糧。16.The key wil
28、l be to abandon the rather simple and static measures of sustainability, which centre on the need to maintain production without increasing damage. (2008 年 12月 )【分析】本旬為復(fù)合旬,主架為The key will be。to abandonsustainability 為不定式作表語(yǔ)。which centre on the need damage為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句, 修飾的是 measures of sustainability ?!?/p>
29、譯文】關(guān)鍵是要摒棄簡(jiǎn)單的、一成不變的可持續(xù)發(fā)展的方法,這些方法以滿足生產(chǎn)需要但又不增加對(duì)環(huán)境的破壞為中心。 17.That is a much larger question than what should happen with undocumented workers, or how best to secure the border, and it is one that affects not only newcomers but groups that have been here for generations. (2008年12月)【分析】本句為and連接的并列復(fù)合句,主架為
30、That is a- - larger question and it is one 。much修飾larger 。than后接了兩個(gè)由or連接的賓語(yǔ)從句: what should workers 和 how best border。that groups 為定語(yǔ)從句,修 飾的是one。在該定語(yǔ)從句中,謂語(yǔ)affects后跟兩個(gè)由并列結(jié)構(gòu)not only but 連接的賓語(yǔ),分另是 newcomers和 groups。that have been here for generations 為定語(yǔ)從句,修飾的是groups ?!咀g文】這個(gè)問題,比“對(duì)沒有合法身份的工人應(yīng)該采取什么政策”、“怎樣才
31、能保證邊境安全”之類的問題要重要得多,它不但影響到新移民,也影響到那些 在美國(guó)生活了好幾代的族群。 18.In time, Italians, Romanians and membersof other so-called inferior races became exemplary Americans and contributed greatly, in ways too numerous to detail, to the building of this magnificent nation. (2008年 12 月 )【分析】 本旬為簡(jiǎn)單旬,主架為 Italians, Romani
32、ans and members became Americans and contributed to the building 。of other so-called inferior races 為介詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ),修飾members。 in ways too numerous to detail為插入語(yǔ)。【譯文】隨著時(shí)間的流逝,意大利人、羅馬尼亞人以及其他被稱作“劣等民族”的人成為了美國(guó)人中的典,他們以各種各樣的方式為建設(shè)偉大的美國(guó)貢獻(xiàn)良多。 19.But as arguments about immigration heat up the campaign trail, wealso
33、 ought to ask somebroader questions about assimilation, about how to ensure that people, once outsiders, don t forever remain marginalized within these shores. (2008 年 12月)【分析】本句為復(fù)合旬,主架為 weought to ask- - questions。But表轉(zhuǎn)折。as arguments campaign trail為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。 about,about 為介詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ),修飾questions 。 how t
34、o ensure 為賓語(yǔ)從句,作about 的賓語(yǔ)。that peopleshores 為賓語(yǔ)從句,作ensure的賓語(yǔ),在該從句中,once outsiders 為插入語(yǔ)。【譯文】在總統(tǒng)競(jìng)選活動(dòng)中,移民問題又再次升溫,我們應(yīng)該問些更廣泛的有關(guān)“同化”的問題,即如何保證這些過去的局外人不會(huì)在這個(gè)國(guó)度永遠(yuǎn)處于邊緣地 位。 20.Sustainable development is applied to just about everything from energyto clean water and economic growth, and as a result it has become
35、difficult to question either the basic assumptions behind it or the way the concept is put to use. (2008 年 12 月 )【分析】 本句為并列復(fù)合句。 本句主干為 development is applied to everything, and it has becomedifficult to question 。fromto 意為“從至U”, fromto growth 修飾 everything 。as a result 表示結(jié)果。 either or 意 為 “或者或者” , ei
36、ther or the way 作 question 的賓語(yǔ)。the concept is put to use 是定語(yǔ)從句,先行詞為 way,在這里可以不用引導(dǎo)詞?!咀g文】可持續(xù)發(fā)展被應(yīng)用到了從能源到潔凈水和經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的幾乎每個(gè)領(lǐng)域。結(jié)果,要想質(zhì)問這一概念背后的基本假設(shè)或者這一概念是如何被執(zhí)行的,就變得很 困難。21.This is especially true in agriculture, where sustainable development isoften taken as the sole measure of progress without a proper appreci
37、ation of historical and cultural perspectives. (2008年 12 月 )【分析】 本句為復(fù)合句。 主句為 This is especially true in agriculture 。 where 引導(dǎo)的非限 定性定語(yǔ)從句sustainable perspectives 修 飾逗號(hào) 前面的 agriculture 。 historical and cultural perspectives意為“從歷史和文化的角度”?!咀g文】這一現(xiàn)象在農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域更是如此。在農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域,可持續(xù)發(fā)展經(jīng)常被當(dāng)作進(jìn)步的唯一標(biāo)準(zhǔn),但人們忽略了從歷史和文化的角度去合理地評(píng)價(jià)。
38、22.Although children of Mexican immigrants do better, in terms of educational and professional attainment, than their parents, UCLAsociologist Edward Telles has found that the gains don t continue.【分析】 本句為復(fù)雜句。 主句為 UCLAsociologist Edward Telles has found that the gains don t continue 。 Although 引導(dǎo)讓步狀
39、語(yǔ)從句。 in terms of 意為“在方面”,in termsattainment 在句中作插入語(yǔ)。that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句作 find 的賓語(yǔ)。【譯文】盡管墨西哥移民的孩子在教育和職業(yè)造詣方面比他們的父母做得要好,但加利福尼亞大學(xué)洛杉磯分校的社會(huì)學(xué)家愛德華泰勒斯卻發(fā)現(xiàn),他們的收入沒 有增加。23.Telles fears that Mexican-Americans maybe fated to follow in the footsteps of American blacks that large parts of the community may become mired( 陷入
40、) in a seemingly permanent state of poverty and underachievement.【分析】本句為復(fù)合旬。句子主干為 Telles fears that 。that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句作 fears 的賓語(yǔ)。破折號(hào)后的容對(duì)前面的容進(jìn)行解釋說明,說明美籍墨西哥人正在步美國(guó)黑人的后塵。【譯文】泰勒斯擔(dān)心,美籍墨西哥人注定要步美國(guó)黑人的后塵大部分人都可能陷入看似永遠(yuǎn)的貧困和失意。24.It is sitting at a record low against the euro and at a 30-year low against the Canadian
41、dollar. (2008 年 6 月 )【分析】本句為簡(jiǎn)單旬。句子主干為It is sitting 。It指代的是前文中的美 元。atthe Canadian dollar 為介詞短語(yǔ)。against 在這里表示美元與其他外 幣的兌換比率。【譯文】美元對(duì)歐元的比率也跌破記錄,美元對(duì)加拿大元的比率更是跌到近三十年的最低點(diǎn)。 25.ManyEuropeans may view the U.S. as an arrogant superpower that has become hostile to foreigners. (2008 年 6 月 )【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。句子主干為 Europea
42、ns may view the U.S. as asuperpower。view as意為“把看做”;第一句中的that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,先 行詞為 arrogant superpower 。【譯文】許多歐洲人會(huì)認(rèn)為美國(guó)是一個(gè)傲慢自大的超級(jí)大國(guó),對(duì)外國(guó)人不友好。但是,沒有什么比疲軟的美元更讓他們覺得美國(guó)溫暖的了。 26.We see our kids college background as a prize demonstrating how wellwe ve raised them. (2008 年 6 月 )【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。主句為 We see our kid s college b
43、ackground as a prize 。 see as 意為“把看做" ; demonstrating 為現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)修飾 prize ; how well we ve ra ised them 為 demonstrating 的賓語(yǔ)從句?!咀g文】我們將孩子的大學(xué)背景看做是對(duì)自己辛苦撫養(yǎng)他們的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。 27.Underlying the hysteria ( 歇斯底里 ) is the belief that scarce elite degrees must be highly valuable. (2008 年 6 月 )【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。主句為 Underlying t
44、he hysteria is the belief。Underlying the hysteria 為現(xiàn)在分詞做主語(yǔ), that 引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句, 修飾 belief ?!咀g文】支撐這種瘋狂的是這樣一種信念:稀有的精英學(xué)位必定價(jià)值頗高。28.I m now applying to graduated school, which means someday I ll return to a profession where people need to be nice to me in order to get what they want. (2007 年 12月)【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。主句為
45、 I mnowapplying to graduated school 。 which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,作從句的主語(yǔ)。在定語(yǔ)從句中包含了一個(gè)省略了引導(dǎo)詞that的賓語(yǔ)從句,作means的賓語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)從句中又嵌套了一個(gè) where引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,修飾profession, where 在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。在這個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句中又包含一個(gè)what 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,作get 的賓語(yǔ)。【譯文】目前,我在申請(qǐng)研究生學(xué)歷,這就意味著有一天我重回職場(chǎng)時(shí),人們會(huì) 為了一己之利而對(duì)我獻(xiàn)媚。 29.Like most people, I ve long understood that I will be judged b
46、y my occupation, that my profession is a gauge people use to see how smart or talented I am. (2007 年 12月) 【分析】 本句為并列復(fù)合句。 主句為 I ve understood 。 主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 understood 后有兩個(gè)并列的 that 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。在第二個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句中包含一個(gè)省略that的定語(yǔ)從句people use,修飾gauge,還包含一個(gè)how引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從何?!咀g文】像大多數(shù)人一樣,長(zhǎng)期以來,我一直認(rèn)為人們會(huì)以職業(yè)來評(píng)判我,我的 職業(yè)才是人們用來評(píng)價(jià)我的聰明才智的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 30
47、.According to an International Energy Agency study, if consumers chose those models that would save them the most moneyover the life of the appliance, they d cut global residential power consumption (and their utility bills) by 43 percent. (2007 年 12月)【分析】本句為復(fù)合旬。主句為they' d cutby 43 percent 。if引導(dǎo)
48、條件狀 語(yǔ)從句,在從旬中包含了一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從工,修飾 models。這個(gè)條件狀 語(yǔ)從句為虛擬語(yǔ)氣,表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在的假設(shè),從句謂語(yǔ)用過去時(shí)態(tài),主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用 would do ?!咀g文】 一份國(guó)際能源署的研究表明, 如果消費(fèi)者選擇在使用期間能節(jié)省電器費(fèi)用的家電型號(hào),他們將節(jié)省43%的全球居民用電量( 和電費(fèi) ) 。31.“Men in my generation (aged 25-40) have a fear of becoming dads because we have no role models, ” says Jon Smith, a writer. (2007 年 12 月
49、) 【分析】 本句為復(fù)合句。 句子主干為“ Menhave a fear of becoming dads, ” says Jon Smith 。 在直接引語(yǔ)中有一個(gè)because 引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句。 在賓語(yǔ)從句為直接引語(yǔ)的句子里,若全部或部分直接引語(yǔ)位于主句之前則用倒裝?!咀g文】“跟我同時(shí)代的男性 (25 歲到 40 歲之間 ) 都害怕當(dāng)爸爸,這是因?yàn)槲覀?沒有學(xué)習(xí)的榜樣,”作家喬史密斯這樣說道。32.“ Our nation s core bargain with the middle class is disintegrating,”lamented ( 哀嘆 ) the 117th
50、richest man in America. (2007 年 12 月 ) 【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。本句主干為“ bargain with the middle class is disintegr ating, " lamented the richest man 直接引語(yǔ)作 lament 的賓語(yǔ)從句。 在賓語(yǔ)從句為直接引語(yǔ)的句子里,若全部或部分直接引語(yǔ)位于主句之前,常用倒 裝?!咀g文】“我們國(guó)家與中產(chǎn)階級(jí)討價(jià)還價(jià)的核心條件正在瓦解,”一位在美國(guó)富豪排行榜排名 117 位的富翁哀嘆道。 33.If you love the social aspects of your job, b
51、ut are stuck inside on office or “chained to your desk ” most of the time, vow to follow your instinct and investigate alternative careers and work that allow you more time to interact with others. (2007 年 6 月 )【分析】本句為復(fù)合旬。主句為一個(gè)祈使句vow to,其中包含一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,修飾work , that 在從句中作主語(yǔ)。 If 引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。從句中包含一個(gè) bu
52、t 連接的并列結(jié)構(gòu)。【譯文】如果你喜歡自己的工作具有社會(huì)性,然而大部分時(shí)間你卻被拴在辦公室 里或者“被綁在辦公桌上”,那就發(fā)誓按照自己心的想法行事,去調(diào)查一下那些 可以讓你有更多的時(shí)間與他人進(jìn)行交流的行業(yè)。 34.Miller developed a 7-step process to help potential job seekers assess their current situation and beliefs, identify their real passion, and start on a journey that allows them to pursue their
53、passion through work. (2007 年6月) 【分析】本句為并列復(fù)合句。本句主干為 Miller developed a process to help job seekers assess their situation start on a journey 。that 弓 I 導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從 句修飾 journey ,作從句的主語(yǔ)。主句中 assess, identify, start 都是 help 的 并列補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。 【譯文】 米勒發(fā)明了七個(gè)步驟幫助那些潛在的求職者評(píng)估他們目前的處境及信念, 激發(fā)他們真正的熱情,然后踏上能讓他們通過工作尋求激情的新征程。 35.Obvious
54、ly, there s a difference between getting rid of possessions and losing them through a natural disaster without having a say in the matter.(2006 年 12月 )【分析】本句為簡(jiǎn)單旬。句子主干為 there ' s a difference 。 betweenand 引出并列結(jié)構(gòu), between 為介詞, 后跟名詞、 代詞或動(dòng)名詞。 介詞 without 表示 否定,后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞?!咀g文】顯然,丟棄財(cái)產(chǎn)和在毫無(wú)征兆的自然災(zāi)害中喪失財(cái)產(chǎn)是
55、完全不同的。 36.The Bush administrationseems bent on satisfying the small but vocal groupof Americans who oppose stem cell research under any conditions. (2006 年12月) 【分析】本句為復(fù)合句 。主句為The Bush administration seems bent onsatisfying the small but vocal group of Americans 。定語(yǔ)從句 whooppose stem cell research und
56、er any conditions 修飾Americans 。【譯文】布什政府似乎下定決心要滿足那一小部分大聲疾呼在任何條件下都反對(duì) 干細(xì)胞研究的美國(guó)人。 37.Fortunately, Grove and others are more interested in advancing scientific research that could benefit the large number of Americans who suffer from Parkinson s disease, nerve injuries, heart diseases and many other prob
57、lems. (2006 年 12月 ) 【分析】本句為復(fù)合句。主句為 Grove and others are more interested in advancing scientific research 。 that 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,修飾 research, that 在 定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)。who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,修飾 Americans, who在從句中作主語(yǔ)。 Parkinson s disease, nerve injuries, heart diseases 和 manyother problems 是并列成分,作suffer from 的賓語(yǔ)。 advancing 是動(dòng)名詞形式,不是形容詞?!咀g文】幸好,還有 Grove 和其他一些人致力于推進(jìn)科學(xué)研究,以造福眾多深受帕金森癥、神經(jīng)創(chuàng)傷、心臟病及許多其他疾病折磨的美國(guó)人。 38.Using this information, the amygdale( 扁桃核 ) appraises a situation I think this charging dog wants to bite me and triggers a response byradiating nerve signals throughout the body.(2006年 12 月 )【分析
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