第一部分專題9

1、專題9 特殊句式考點(diǎn)1關(guān)于祈使句的幾個(gè)問題【真題解密】Before you quit your job , how your family would feel about your decision.（2012 重慶，31）A . considerB . consideringC. to considerD . considered答案 A解析 題干中before引導(dǎo)從句，其后需有主句，而consider是及物動(dòng)詞，故其后的how yourfamily would feel about your decision 只能是賓語從句。由此可知空格處只能是謂語動(dòng)詞，才能與其后的賓語從句構(gòu)成祈使句，

2、故B、C、D三項(xiàng)均不符合。【變式訓(xùn)練】at the door before you enter my room , please.（2012 北京，31）A . KnockB . KnockingC. KnockedD . To knock答案 A解析 句意為：進(jìn)我的房間之前請先敲門。句子缺少謂語動(dòng)詞，所以空格處應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成一個(gè)祈使句，A項(xiàng)正確?！局R生成】1. 祈使句的否定式在動(dòng)詞前加don' to祈使句帶主語時(shí)，其否定式把don' t放在主語前。Don' t you speak so loud.你不要那么大聲說話。2. 注意句型：祈使句+ an d/or+般將來

3、時(shí)的句子。Close the door of fear behind you , and you will see the door of faith open before you.（2012 湖南，25）關(guān)閉你身后的恐懼之門，你就會看到信念之門在你的面前打開。3. 上面句型中的祈使句也可用名詞短語的形式。One more step and you' ll succeed.再走一步，你就會成功?？键c(diǎn)2倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)中，從句倒裝的兩種情形【真題解密】Tryshe might , Sue couldn' t get the door open.（2011 新課標(biāo)全國，22）A .ifB

4、. whenC. si neeD. as答案 D解析 句意為：盡管蘇嘗試想打開門，但就是打不開。as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)，從句要用倒裝語序，即把表語、副詞或動(dòng)詞原形提前；若表語為可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，名詞前不加冠詞。其結(jié)構(gòu)為：adj./adv/n./v.+ as+主語+句子其他部分，因此D項(xiàng)正確?！咀兪接?xùn)練】about this computer program , a huge amount of time and energy would have been saved.A . Had I knownB . If I knewC. If I should knowD . I had known答案

5、A解析 根據(jù)句子后半部分可知是與過去相反的虛擬語氣，前半句原形是：If I had known aboutthis computer program。當(dāng)從句中包含 had時(shí)，可把if省去，把had提前，構(gòu)成部分倒裝， 故選擇A項(xiàng)。句意為：如果我早知道這個(gè)電腦程序，就可以節(jié)省大量的時(shí)間和精力了?！局R生成】從句倒裝的情形主要有兩種：1. as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)，必須把表語、狀語或謂語動(dòng)詞原形提到主語前邊，構(gòu)成前置或倒裝。2. if非真實(shí)條件句中，若含有 were, should或had,可把if省去，把上述三詞提前，構(gòu)成 倒裝。考點(diǎn)3并列句和復(fù)合句中的反意疑問句【真題解密】There is li

6、ttle doubt in your mind that he is innocent , ?（2012 江蘇，25）A . is thereB . isn' t thereC. is heD . isn ' t he答案 A解析 根據(jù)前面there be句型里含有否定意義的詞little，所以反意疑問句用肯定形式，其主謂應(yīng)與陳述部分的主謂保持一致，故選A項(xiàng)?！咀兪接?xùn)練】I told them not everybody could run as fast as you did , ?（2011 重慶，28）A . could heB . didn' t IC. did

7、n ' t youD . could they答案 B解析 句意為：我告訴他們并不是每一個(gè)人都能跑得像你一樣快，不是嗎？對于含賓語從句的反意疑問句，其附加問句常與主句一致，又因主句為一般過去時(shí)的肯定形式，故附加問句用一般過去時(shí)的否定形式?！局R生成】1若陳述部分是并列句，則疑問部分要與鄰近的分句取得一致。John isn' t a diligent student, for it is the third time he has been late , isn' t it ?約翰不是一 個(gè)勤奮的學(xué)生，因?yàn)檫@是他第三次遲到了，對嗎？2 .若陳述部分是復(fù)合句，則附加疑問部分

8、與主句取得一致，但若主句部分是I think/believebuppose/guess that.或 I' m sure that.時(shí)，往往與從句取得一致。Your suggestion is that we should hold a meeting tonight , isn' t it ?你建議我們今天晚上開 會，對嗎？I don' t believe she knows it, does she?我認(rèn)為她是不知道這件事的，對嗎？3. It be.that.分裂句也是一種復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，含有這種結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)合句，其附加疑問句通常對應(yīng)that從句之前強(qiáng)調(diào)部分的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。It&

9、#39; s the first time that she has bee n to the Uni ted States , is n' t it ?這是她第一次去美國， 對嗎？考點(diǎn)4 與until有關(guān)的兩點(diǎn)注意事項(xiàng)【真題解密】Not un til he went through real hardshipthe love we have for our families is importa nt.（2013福建，34）A. had he realizedB . did he realizeC. he realizedD . he had realized答案 B解析 句意為：直

10、到他經(jīng)歷這些真正的困難，他才意識到我們對家人的愛的重要性。當(dāng)notuntil位于句首時(shí)，句子要倒裝。其結(jié)構(gòu)為：Not until +從句/表時(shí)間的詞+助動(dòng)詞+ （主句）主語+謂語+ .?！咀兪接?xùn)練】It was not un til n ear the end of the lettershe men ti oned her own pla n.（2013 天津，11）A. that答案 AB. whereC. whyD. whe n解析考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。結(jié)構(gòu)為It is/was +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that +其他部分，此處是notun til的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型?！局R生成】1當(dāng)把until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語放

11、到句首時(shí)，如果主句中含有not，則要把not和until放在一起置于句首，并引起主句的倒裝。2. 當(dāng)用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型it is/was.that.強(qiáng)調(diào)until部分時(shí)，若主句中含有 not,要把not和until放在 一起進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)?？键c(diǎn)5感嘆句【真題解密】a strange plant! I' ve never seen it before.（2011 遼寧，33） A. WhichB. WhatC. HowD. Whether答案 B解析句意為：多么奇怪的一種植物?。∥乙郧皬膩頉]見過它。這是一個(gè)感嘆句，英語感嘆句的結(jié)構(gòu)為： What + （a/an）+ adj.+ n. +主語+謂語！Ho

12、w+ adj./adv. +主語+謂語！ 根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知應(yīng)選 B項(xiàng)?！咀兪接?xùn)練】differe nt life today is fromit was fifty years ago!A . What a; whatB. How ; whatC. What; whatD. What a; how答案 B解析第一個(gè)空格處所填詞應(yīng)該是修飾different的，故第一空應(yīng)填how。題干的陳述句語序應(yīng)是 "Life today is different from it was fifty years ago.” 由此可知，第二空應(yīng)填what，在句中引導(dǎo)賓語從句，且在從句中作表語?！局R生成

13、】感嘆句常由how和what引導(dǎo)，how是副詞，它要修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞，故它的結(jié) 構(gòu)是：How +王語+動(dòng)詞！How +形容詞（副詞）+主語+動(dòng)詞！How +形容詞+ a/an+可數(shù)名詞+王語+動(dòng)詞！what是形容詞，它要修飾名詞，故主語前一定要有名詞，它的結(jié)構(gòu)是：What +名詞+王語+動(dòng)詞！What + a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞+王語+動(dòng)詞！What +形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞（不可數(shù)名詞）+主語+動(dòng)詞!考點(diǎn)6主謂一致的兩個(gè)特例【真題解密】The famous musician ， as well as his students，to perform at the opening cerem

14、ony ofB . was invitedD . has been invited（2013 福建，23）2012年的臺北花卉博覽會開幕”是過去的動(dòng)作，因 the famousthe 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.A . were invitedC. have been invited答案 B解析 句意為：這個(gè)著名的音樂家和他的學(xué)生們都被邀請?jiān)?式上表演。句中“在2012年的臺北花卉博覽會開幕式上as well as hismusician和invite是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，又因句中的stude nts在句中只起伴隨的作用，所以用單數(shù)was。【變式訓(xùn)練】Ba

15、rbara is easy to recog nize as she' s the only one of the wome n whoeve ning dress.（2010大綱全國n , 9）A . wearB . wearsC. has wornD . have worn答案 B解析句意為：Barbara很容易被辨認(rèn)出來，因?yàn)樗俏ㄒ灰幻┩矶Y服的婦女。題干中先 行詞是the only one,故定語從句中用單數(shù)謂語動(dòng)詞；再根據(jù)主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 知，從句也用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)?！局R生成】1 .主語后面有 as well as, with , along with , toge

16、ther with , including , but, except, in addition to, rather tha n, like , in stead of, plus, as much as, more tha n 等連詞或介詞連接的詞語 時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與前面主語的單復(fù)數(shù)相一致。Gen erally , stude nts' inner motivati on with high expectati ons from othersis esse ntial to theirdevelopment.（2013 蘇，21）一般來說，別人對其期望值高的學(xué)生，他們的內(nèi)在動(dòng)

17、機(jī)對他們自身的發(fā)展是至關(guān)重要的。The father, rather than the brothers, is responsible for the loss.損失的責(zé)任應(yīng)由父親而不是兄 弟們來承擔(dān)。2.“ one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作先行詞，后跟定語從句，如果 one前有the, the very, the only 等詞限制修飾時(shí)，先行詞為one,否則，先行詞為后面的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。Mr.Herpin is one of the foreign experts who are working in China.赫賓先生是在中國工作的外國專家之Mr.Smith is the only one

18、of those foreigners who is working in China.史密斯先生是這些外國人之中唯一一位在中國工作的人。達(dá)標(biāo)訓(xùn)練1. “ Never for a second , ” the boy says, “that my father would come to my rescue. ”（2013 江蘇，27）A . I doubtedB. do I doubtC. I have doubtedD. did I doubt答案 D解析 句意為：這個(gè)男孩說：“我從不懷疑我父親會來救我?！碑?dāng)否定副詞或具有否定含義的短語置于句首時(shí)，句子常用部分倒裝。故本題要用部分倒裝。再根

19、據(jù)would cometo.可知，是在講過去發(fā)生的事，故用過去時(shí)。2. It was only after he had read the papersMr.Gross realized the task before him wasextremely difficult to complete.（2013 大綱全國，30）A . whenB. thatC. whichD. what答案 B解析 句意為：直到他讀了文件之后，格羅斯先生才意識到他面臨的任務(wù)很難完成。本句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，強(qiáng)調(diào)了時(shí)間狀語only after he had read the papers。根據(jù)強(qiáng)調(diào)句結(jié)構(gòu)“Itis/was

20、+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+ that+剩余部分”可知選B項(xiàng)。3. Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percentproperly in this hospital.（2013大綱全國,32）A . can be the patients treatedB . can the patients be treatedC. the patients can be treatedD . treated can be the patients答案 B解析本題考查部分倒裝。句意為：只有增加50%的醫(yī)生，這個(gè)醫(yī)院的病人才能得到恰當(dāng)?shù)尼t(yī)治?！皁nly +狀語”

21、放于句首時(shí)句子須用部分倒裝。4. small, the company has about 1,000 buyers in over 30 countries.（2013 天津，5）A . AsB . IfD. OnceC. Although答案 C解析 考查省略句中的連詞選擇。 句意為： 盡管很小， 但是這個(gè)公司已經(jīng)在 30 多個(gè)國家 有1 000名左右的客戶。as意為"因?yàn)椤?；if意為"如果” ；although意為"盡管”；once 意為“一旦 ” 。5At no timethe rules of the game.It was unfair to puni

22、sh them.（2013 遼寧， 26）A they actually brokeB do they actually breakC did they actually breakD they had actually broken答案 C解析 考查倒裝句型。 at no time 為介詞短語，當(dāng)其位于句首時(shí)，句子應(yīng)該用部分倒裝； 根據(jù)第二個(gè)句子可知時(shí)態(tài)為過去時(shí)，故選 C。6 The university estimates that living expenses for international studentsaround $8,450a year, whicha burden fo

23、r some of them.（2013 湖南，33）Aare； isB are； areCis； areD is； is答案 A解析 考查主謂一致。句意為：這所大學(xué)估計(jì)，留學(xué)生的生活費(fèi)用每年大約8 450美元左右，這對一些學(xué)生來說是一個(gè)負(fù)擔(dān)。第一空的主語為 living expenses 指 “ 生活費(fèi)用 ” ， 謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式； “whicha burden for some of them ” 是一個(gè)非限制性定語從句， which 指代前面一句話，所以此處謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。7 Not onceto Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.（2013 湖南，35） Aoccurred itBit did occurCit occurredDdid it occur答案 D解析 考查倒裝的用法。句意為：邁克爾成為班里的第一名這樣的情況一次也沒有發(fā)生 過。否定詞 not 置于句首，句子要用部分