教學(xué)課件 (10)

1、主主語(yǔ)語(yǔ)謂謂語(yǔ)語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)(間間)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)(直)VtV-lViNoun / PronounV-ing / ClauseInfinitiveNoun / Pronoun /V-ing / Clause / Infinitivenounpronounadj. / adv.infinitiveV-ing / V-edclauseetc.復(fù)合句與簡(jiǎn)單句：復(fù)合句復(fù)合句與簡(jiǎn)單句：復(fù)合句 = 簡(jiǎn)單句簡(jiǎn)單句 + 從屬連詞從屬連詞 +簡(jiǎn)單句簡(jiǎn)單句the people surprised That What he saidwhat he did主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)That he didnt kn

2、ow the answerin the room.復(fù)合句與簡(jiǎn)單句：復(fù)合句復(fù)合句與簡(jiǎn)單句：復(fù)合句 = 簡(jiǎn)單句簡(jiǎn)單句 + 從屬連詞從屬連詞 +簡(jiǎn)單句簡(jiǎn)單句I dont know him.that he has finished his work.whether he has finished his work. Whose bag it is.賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句He is leaving for Washington.when he is leaving for Washington.why he is leaving for Washington.how he is leaving for Was

3、hington.What he is leaving for Washington for.Who is leaving for Washington.Which man is leaving for Washington.復(fù)合句與簡(jiǎn)單句：復(fù)合句復(fù)合句與簡(jiǎn)單句：復(fù)合句 = 簡(jiǎn)單句簡(jiǎn)單句 + 從屬連詞從屬連詞 +簡(jiǎn)單句簡(jiǎn)單句That is the fact.表表 語(yǔ)語(yǔ)what he needs.what has happened.why he was late.because he was ill.He told me the newsthat our team won the match.th

4、at his father was working in that school.同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句Noun Clauses名詞性從句考點(diǎn)及應(yīng)用名詞性從句考點(diǎn)及應(yīng)用 I. 名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞：名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞：1.連接詞連接詞 ：that、if、whether不作成分不作成分無(wú)意義無(wú)意義2. 連接代詞連接代詞 ：who、 whom 、whose、 what、 which 、 whoever, whatever3. 連接副詞：連接副詞： when、 where、why、how“是否是否” 作狀語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)作主作主/賓賓/表表眾所周知，昨天是汶川地震三周紀(jì)念日。眾所周知，昨天是汶川地震三周紀(jì)念日。

5、You all know that it was the third anniversary of the Wenchuan earthquake yesterday.I think it known to you all that it was the third anniversary of the Wenchuan earthquake yesterday.That it was the third anniversary of the Wenchuan earthquake yesterday is known to you all.It is known to you all tha

6、t it was the third anniversary of the Wenchuan earthquake yesterdayThe fact that it was the third anniversary of the Wenchuan earthquake yesterday is known to you all.What is known to you all is that it was the third anniversary of the Wenchuan earthquake yesterday 賓賓 從從主主從從同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句我的夢(mèng)想是能進(jìn)

7、入一所重點(diǎn)大學(xué)。我的夢(mèng)想是能進(jìn)入一所重點(diǎn)大學(xué)。I always dream that I can enter a key university.My dream is that I can enter a key university.That I can enter a key university is my dream.I have a dream that I can enter a key university. that,what ,which , whether, if, who, whom,whose, whatever ,whichever,whoever ,whomever

8、,whoseverwhen, where, why, how 重點(diǎn)重點(diǎn)II名詞性從句考點(diǎn)歸納名詞性從句考點(diǎn)歸納 :8.8.含有插入語(yǔ)的名詞性從句含有插入語(yǔ)的名詞性從句名詞性從句在句中要用名詞性從句在句中要用_語(yǔ)序語(yǔ)序, ,從句從句的引導(dǎo)詞必須始終置于的引導(dǎo)詞必須始終置于_ 1.No one can be sure _ in a million years.A.what will man look likeB. what man will look likeC. man will look like what D. what look will man like陳述陳述總結(jié)歸總結(jié)歸納納：2.Yo

9、u cant imagine _ when they received these nice Christmas presents.A. how they were excited B. how excited they wereC. how excited were they D. they were how excited 從句句首從句句首2. Our physics teacher once told us that light _ （ travel ） faster than s總結(jié)總結(jié)歸納：歸納：c.c.主句的動(dòng)詞用主句的動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)可

10、根據(jù)需要選從句謂語(yǔ)可根據(jù)需要選用用各種各種時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)1. He said that he will go to the station.3. Tom says that Mary _ (go) abroad last year and _ (be) there for nearly 5 months. a.a.主句的動(dòng)詞用主句的動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去過(guò)去時(shí)，時(shí)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài)的某種時(shí)態(tài)b.b.主句的動(dòng)詞用主句的動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去過(guò)去時(shí)，時(shí)，從句表示從句表示客觀事實(shí)客觀事實(shí)( (真理），格真理），格言，諺語(yǔ)言，諺語(yǔ)等等 ，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)wenthas

11、beenwould何時(shí)開(kāi)會(huì)還沒(méi)有決定。何時(shí)開(kāi)會(huì)還沒(méi)有決定。 When the meeting will begin _ (have) not been decided yet .他們何時(shí)出發(fā)和他們?nèi)ツ睦镞€沒(méi)有決定。他們何時(shí)出發(fā)和他們?nèi)ツ睦镞€沒(méi)有決定。單個(gè)的主語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單個(gè)的主語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般一般用用_形式。如果是兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的主語(yǔ)形式。如果是兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的主語(yǔ)從句作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞則用從句作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞則用_形式。由形式。由兩個(gè)或多個(gè)連接詞引導(dǎo)一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句，謂語(yǔ)兩個(gè)或多個(gè)連接詞引導(dǎo)一個(gè)主語(yǔ)從句，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用動(dòng)詞用_形式。形式。 總結(jié)歸總結(jié)歸納：納：?jiǎn)螖?shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)h

12、asWhen they will start and where they will go_(be)still unknown.何時(shí)何地開(kāi)會(huì)還沒(méi)有決定。何時(shí)何地開(kāi)會(huì)還沒(méi)有決定。When and where the meeting will begin _ (have) not been decided yet .arehas單數(shù)單數(shù)考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)3 主謂一致問(wèn)題主謂一致問(wèn)題基本句型基本句型：It is +形容詞、名詞、過(guò)去分詞形容詞、名詞、過(guò)去分詞+ that . + (should) do a. It is important (necessary, natural, strange, advis

13、able etc)+that b. It is a pity( a shame, no wonder etc)+that c. It is suggested (ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted etc)+that1. It is ordered that he _ the examination? A. takesB. has to take C. must take D. take2. It is strange that he _ you this. A. would tell B. should tel

14、l C. had told D. has told總結(jié)總結(jié)歸納：歸納：We suggested that the meeting _A.should put off B.be put off C. was put off D.putting off總結(jié)總結(jié)歸納：歸納：表示表示建議、要求、命令建議、要求、命令, ,堅(jiān)持堅(jiān)持等等動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insist request、command、order后的從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)后的從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用詞用 _注意注意suggest 當(dāng)表示當(dāng)表示“暗示、表明暗示、表明“講時(shí)，講時(shí)，insist 表表示示

15、“堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為”之意時(shí)，之意時(shí)，從句按需要來(lái)選擇時(shí)態(tài)從句按需要來(lái)選擇時(shí)態(tài)(should) + do/be doneThe smile on his face suggested that he _(was/be/is)satisfied with our work.wasa. I wish I _(know) the answer now. b. I wish he _(pass) the exam yesterday.c. I wish I _ (fly) to the moon in a few years. 對(duì)現(xiàn)在虛擬時(shí)對(duì)現(xiàn)在虛擬時(shí)，that從句中謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去時(shí)從句中謂語(yǔ)用過(guò)去時(shí)對(duì)過(guò)去

16、虛擬時(shí)對(duì)過(guò)去虛擬時(shí)，用用had過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞對(duì)將來(lái)虛擬時(shí)對(duì)將來(lái)虛擬時(shí)，用用would (might等等)動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形knewhad passedwould fly總結(jié)總結(jié)歸納：歸納： 在在 suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice 等名詞后面的表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句中要用虛等名詞后面的表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句中要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，即擬語(yǔ)氣，即_1.His suggestion that you _ once more sounds reasonable. A. try B. tries C. must try D. can try2. The o

17、rder given by the commander was that they _ until the commander allowed they to. A. stopped B. didnt stop C. stop D. not stop總結(jié)總結(jié)歸納：歸納：(should) + do/be done1. I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books.2. That is hard to decide when and where we will hold our sports meeting.i

18、tIt找出下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤找出下列句子中的錯(cuò)誤總結(jié)歸總結(jié)歸納：納：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)從句較長(zhǎng)，而謂語(yǔ)較短時(shí)，常常將從當(dāng)主語(yǔ)從句較長(zhǎng)，而謂語(yǔ)較短時(shí)，常常將從句句_，而用，而用it作為形式主語(yǔ)置于句首。作為形式主語(yǔ)置于句首。it 也可作形式賓語(yǔ)也可作形式賓語(yǔ)。 后置后置形式賓語(yǔ)形式賓語(yǔ)形式主語(yǔ)形式主語(yǔ)that we spent so much moneyon these books.when and where we will hold oursports meeting.(1) It is 名詞名詞 從句從句 It is a fact that 事實(shí)是事實(shí)是 It is an honor that 非常榮幸

19、非常榮幸 It is common knowledge that 是常識(shí)是常識(shí)(2) It is 形容詞形容詞 從句從句 It is natural that 很自然很自然 It is strange that 奇怪的是奇怪的是(3) It 不及物動(dòng)詞不及物動(dòng)詞 從句從句 It seems that 似乎似乎 It happened that 碰巧碰巧 It appears that 似乎似乎(4) It be+ 過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞 從句從句 It is reported that 據(jù)報(bào)道據(jù)報(bào)道 It has been proved that 已證實(shí)已證實(shí) It is said that 據(jù)說(shuō)據(jù)

20、說(shuō) We think it important that we learn a foreign language.We consider it our duty to clean our classroom every day. 該句型中的該句型中的it 作形式賓語(yǔ)。為了記憶方便我們可稱該句型為：作形式賓語(yǔ)。為了記憶方便我們可稱該句型為： 指主句中常用的動(dòng)詞：指主句中常用的動(dòng)詞：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel ； 1 指的是形式賓語(yǔ)指的是形式賓語(yǔ)it ； 2 指的是賓補(bǔ)的兩種形式：形容詞或名詞指的是賓補(bǔ)的兩種形式：形容詞或名詞 ； 3 指的

21、是真正賓語(yǔ)的三種形式：指的是真正賓語(yǔ)的三種形式：不定式短語(yǔ)，動(dòng)名詞不定式短語(yǔ)，動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)或短語(yǔ)或that 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。 1. _ is known to us all that the 2012 Olympic Games will take place in London. 2. He didnt make _ clear when and where the meeting would be held.（07年天津卷）年天津卷） A. this B. that C. it D. these _ is known to us all, the 2012Olympic Ga

22、mes will take place in London._ is known to us all is that the 2012 Olympic Games will take place in London.A. It B. What C. As D. WhichItAsWhat總結(jié)歸總結(jié)歸納：納：_等同類詞等同類詞既可以引導(dǎo)既可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，名詞性從句，也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，而而 _等等只能引導(dǎo)只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。whateverno matter what_ you go and _you do, Ill be right here wa

23、iting for you.WhereverwhateverNo matter whereno matter what任何最后離開(kāi)房間的人應(yīng)該把燈關(guān)掉。任何最后離開(kāi)房間的人應(yīng)該把燈關(guān)掉。_ought to turn off the light.他所有的東西都被日本士兵占領(lǐng)了。他所有的東西都被日本士兵占領(lǐng)了。_was seized by the Japanese soldiers.Whoever leaves the room lastWhatever he hadb) whatever /whoever/無(wú)論無(wú)論,不管不管however/whomever/whichever/ 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句讓步

24、狀語(yǔ)從句1. （09湖南）湖南）2She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to doit takes to save her life.A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever2. _,mother will wait for him to have dinner together. A. However late he is B. However he is late C. No matter how late he is D. No matter how he is late3_want

25、s to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way. (浙江浙江 2008)A. Anyone B. The one C. Whoever D. WhoExercisesThat he wants to go there is obvious.I am sure that he will come tomorrow.The news that our team won the match inspired us.The result is that we won the game. 成分成分有無(wú)詞義有無(wú)詞義備注備注that無(wú)無(wú)無(wú)無(wú)賓語(yǔ)從句中賓語(yǔ)從句中可省

26、可省，其余，其余不可省不可省是否是否無(wú)無(wú)主語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)有有1）that 與與whether 的區(qū)別的區(qū)別( )1.Some researchers believe that there is no doubt _ a cure for AIDS will be found. (05廣東卷廣東卷) 2. We doubt _ he will defeat the others.3.The problem is _ we have enough time .4.It doesnt matter _ you come or not5.It all depends on_the sk

27、y is going to clear up.6.He doesnt know _ to stay or not.A.if B. that C. / D. whetherwhether/ifwhetherwhatthatwhetherwhetherwhether2）whether 和和if的區(qū)別的區(qū)別That表確定表確定whether表是否表是否只能使用只能使用whether 不用不用if 的情況：的情況：a. 主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句b. 表語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句c. 同位語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句e. 介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句介詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句f. 直接加動(dòng)詞不定式只能用直接加動(dòng)詞不定式只能用whether （to do）g

28、 whether or not 直接連用時(shí)不用直接連用時(shí)不用if1._(What/That /whether) was most important to her, she told me, was her family. （ 08山東卷）山東卷）2._ we cant get seems better than _ we have.A.What; what B. what; that C. That; that D. That; what3._made the school proud was more than 90% of the students had been admitted t

29、o key universities. AWhatwhetherBWhatthat CThatwhatDThatbecauseWhat與與 that 的區(qū)別的區(qū)別缺少成分缺少成分即主，語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)時(shí)用即主，語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)時(shí)用what考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)連接詞連接詞c).that/whether/whatWhatwhether4. A modern city has been set up in _ was a wasteland ten years ago. （04天津）天津） A. what B. which C. that D. where1. （08重慶卷）重慶卷）33. All people, _ they

30、 are old or young, rich or poor, rich or poor, have been trying their best to help those in need since the disaster.A. even if B. whether C. no matter D. however2. （08北京卷）北京卷）The companies are working together to create _they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century. A. which B.

31、that C. what D. whothe place高考鏈接高考鏈接3. (09浙江）浙江）10Is there any possibility _ you could pick me up at the airport?No problem.A. When B. that C. whether D. what1)_ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter2) Perseverance is a kind of quality and tha

32、ts _ it takes to do anything well. A. why B. what C. that D. wherewhat =all that, everything that 含義：含義：表示表示“的東西或事情的東西或事情”： 1) He is no longer what he was. 他已經(jīng)不是以前的那個(gè)樣子。他已經(jīng)不是以前的那個(gè)樣子。 He is what is generally called a traitor. 他就是人們通常所說(shuō)的叛徒。他就是人們通常所說(shuō)的叛徒。 Who is it that has made Fred what he is now? 是誰(shuí)把

33、弗雷德培養(yǎng)成現(xiàn)在這個(gè)樣子的？是誰(shuí)把弗雷德培養(yǎng)成現(xiàn)在這個(gè)樣子的？ 2) I want to be loved and liked for_ I am inside. A. who B. where C. what D. howwhat 含義：含義：“的人或的樣子的人或的樣子” （身份或地身份或地位）位） A modern city has been set up in _ was a wasteland ten years ago. A. what B. when C. where D. that This is what they call Salt Lake City. 這就是他們稱為鹽湖城

34、的地方。這就是他們稱為鹽湖城的地方。what =all that, everything that 含義：含義：的地方的地方 1) At last the soldier reached _ the locals called the Golden Triangle. A. what B. when C. where D. that 2) In some countries,_ are called “public schools” are not owned by the public. A. which B. what C. where D. thatWhat one calls ./ W

35、hat s called 含義：含義：所謂的所謂的 ;人們稱之為人們稱之為的的 1)Hes _ as a bellyacher-hes always complaining about something A. who is known B. whom is known C. what is known D. which is known 2)_ some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others. A. Whether B. What C. That D. How What one knows as / What

36、 s known as What one regards as / Whats regarded as 含義：含義：人們稱之為人們稱之為的的同位語(yǔ)從句前的名詞是一個(gè)具有抽象意味的名詞。從句同位語(yǔ)從句前的名詞是一個(gè)具有抽象意味的名詞。從句就是其內(nèi)容。就是其內(nèi)容。that在從句中在從句中_成分。而定語(yǔ)從句成分。而定語(yǔ)從句就是對(duì)前先行詞進(jìn)行修飾限定，關(guān)系詞應(yīng)代替先行詞在就是對(duì)前先行詞進(jìn)行修飾限定，關(guān)系詞應(yīng)代替先行詞在從句中從句中_句子成分。句子成分。1. （09江西）江西）The fact has worried many scientists _ the earth is becoming war

37、mer and warmer these years.A. what B. which C. that D. though2. The suggestion _he raised at the meeting is very good. A. which B. that C. what D. /3. The suggestion _ the students (should) have plenty of exercise is very good. A. which B. that C. what D. /總結(jié)總結(jié)：不充當(dāng)不充當(dāng)充當(dāng)充當(dāng)做題順序：做題順序：“二看二看”一看一看_是否完整；二看

38、是否完整；二看_確定答案。確定答案。從句從句句意句意考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)7同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別1.I think, though I could be mistaken, _ she liked me. A. who B. which C. that D. what2. He told me the news, believe it or not, _ he had earned $1 000 in a single day. A. that B. which C. as D. because3. _ was most important to her, she told

39、me, was her family. (2008 山東卷山東卷) A. ItB. ThisC. What D. As考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)8 8 含有插入語(yǔ)的名詞性從句含有插入語(yǔ)的名詞性從句she told methough I could be mistakenbelieve it or not： that,what ,which , whether, if, who, whom,whose, whatever ,whichever,whoever ,whomever,whoseverwhen, where, why, how 重點(diǎn)重點(diǎn)8 含有插入語(yǔ)的名詞性從句含有插入語(yǔ)的名詞性從句 II名詞性從句的運(yùn)

40、用名詞性從句的運(yùn)用1. They may also take one or more examinations that test 17 well prepared they are for the university. (2011年揭陽(yáng)二模年揭陽(yáng)二模)2. Official figures show _23_400 middle and primary schools in the UK have Chinese language classes. Lessons are also available _24_ college students in many universities,

41、_25_ (include) Oxford and Cambridge.（2011茂名市高考一模）茂名市高考一模）howthatforincluding名詞性從句在語(yǔ)法填空中的實(shí)際運(yùn)用名詞性從句在語(yǔ)法填空中的實(shí)際運(yùn)用: :3. The Black Country is about 10 miles from Birmingham. Historically, it was famous for industry, which explains _16_ the area is called the Black Country. （2011廣州一模）廣州一模）4. The doctor expl

42、ained the situation to her little brother, and asked the boy_20_ he would be willing to give his blood to his sisterI saw him hesitate for only a moment before taking _21_ deep breath and saying, “Yes, Ill do it if it can save Lisa” (2011年珠海一模年珠海一模) 5. Quite confused, I asked:“ Why not? Isnt that _

43、you want?” (2011年深圳二模年深圳二模) why if /whether awhat An English proverb says _1_ time is money. But I doubt _2_ it is really true or not. In my opinion, time is even _3_precious than money. Why?_4_when money is spent, we can earn it back. However, when time is _5_(go) , it will never return. _6_ is kno

44、wn to all that the time we can use is limited. Therefore my suggestion is that we _7_ (make) full use of our time to study hard so as to serve our country in the future. But it is a pity _8_ there are a lot of people who do not realize time is of great value and _9_ wasting time is equal to wasting

45、their life. They spend their precious time smoking, drinking and playing. In a word, we should form the good habit of saving time. Do not put off _10_ can be done today until tomorrow.thatwhethermoreBecausegone Itmakethatthatwhat名詞性從句在寫(xiě)作中的實(shí)際運(yùn)用名詞性從句在寫(xiě)作中的實(shí)際運(yùn)用: :寫(xiě)作中寫(xiě)作中, ,得高分的方法之一得高分的方法之一: : 改造低級(jí)句型改造低級(jí)句

46、型, ,讓讓你的英語(yǔ)靚起來(lái)你的英語(yǔ)靚起來(lái). .What he gave me was not only a Christmas present but also a heart full of love.主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句原句原句: :He gave me something. And it was a Christmas present and a heart full of love. 2 2個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句名詞性從句在寫(xiě)作中的實(shí)際運(yùn)用名詞性從句在寫(xiě)作中的實(shí)際運(yùn)用: :Volunteers believe that some of the happiest people in the world are those who help to bring happiness to others. 原句原句:Some of the happiest people in the world are those people.Those people help