中考英語專題二代詞【不定代詞】

1、2022-3-15作者：作者：Jency專題二專題二 不定代詞不定代詞2022-3-15一一 不定代詞的含義不定代詞的含義 不定代詞不是指確定的對(duì)象,而且僅具有非確定特指含義,通常用作替代詞. oneone（任何一個(gè)）（任何一個(gè)）, some, some（幾個(gè)，一些）（幾個(gè)，一些） anyany（一些，任何一個(gè)）（一些，任何一個(gè)）, all, all（所有）（所有）, , bothboth（兩者都）（兩者都）, none, none（都不）（都不）, , either either（兩者中任何一個(gè)）（兩者中任何一個(gè)）, neither, neither（兩者都不）（兩者都不）, , each

2、each（每一個(gè)）（每一個(gè)）, every, every（每一個(gè)）（每一個(gè)）, , many many（許多）（許多）, much, much（大量）（大量）, , 常用的不定代詞2022-3-15常用的不定代詞常用的不定代詞 fewfew（幾乎一點(diǎn)沒有）（幾乎一點(diǎn)沒有）, a few, a few（少數(shù)）（少數(shù)）, , little little（幾乎一點(diǎn)沒有）（幾乎一點(diǎn)沒有）, a little, a little（少量）（少量）, , anotheranother（另一個(gè)（另一個(gè), ,又一個(gè)）又一個(gè)）, , other other（另外的）（另外的）, the other, the ot

3、her（兩者中的另一個(gè)）（兩者中的另一個(gè)）, , others others （剩下的一部分），（剩下的一部分），the othersthe others（剩下的全部）（剩下的全部） somebodysomebody（某人）（某人）, anybody(, anybody(任何人），任何人）， nobody nobody（沒有人），（沒有人）， something something（某事，某物），（某事，某物）， anything anything（任何事），（任何事）， everything everything（每件事）（每件事）2022-3-151.many,much many+C(pl

4、) many+C(pl) 可跟表示程度的副詞可跟表示程度的副詞so, so, much+U much+U too,as,howtoo,as,how連用連用 too many+too many+C(pl)C(pl) too much+too much+U U much too+much too+adj./advadj./adv many too( many too( ) )2022-3-152.some,any some與any “一些”，可修飾C/U. some 多用于肯定句 any 多用于否定句、疑問句、條件句中。 -Would you like_ coffe? -Yes,please. 注

5、意：在疑問句中，當(dāng)表示說話人希望得到肯定回答或表達(dá)請(qǐng)求、建議時(shí)應(yīng)用some。?some2022-3-153.each，every each與every 每一個(gè). each 強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體，作主語時(shí)，謂動(dòng)用單數(shù)； 可指兩者或兩者以上 every強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，作主語時(shí)，謂動(dòng)用單數(shù)； 只可指三者或三者以上 Each of us _ a yellow T-shirt. We each _ a yellow T-shirt.?wearswear2022-3-15many,much; some,any;each,every many,much; some,any;each,every 習(xí)題習(xí)題1.There are

6、nt _ students in the classroom.2.He never eats so _ breakfast.3.There isnt _ paper in the box. Will you go and get _ for me?4. _ student in Class 5 passed the exam. 5.Look! _ boys are playing football.6.How_ bottles of water dou you need?7.There are trees on_ side of the road.anymuchany someEverySom

7、emanyeach2022-3-154. 4.oneone，onesones，it it，thisthis，thatthatponeone可以泛指任何人和事物，可以用在形容詞和指示代詞this和that的后面代替上文提到的可數(shù)名詞，復(fù)數(shù)形式：onesones。 pit it是指上文提到的或者下文將要提到的人、事是指上文提到的或者下文將要提到的人、事物和情況。物和情況。pthisthis和和thatthat是指示代詞，是指示代詞，thisthis一般用來指時(shí)間和一般用來指時(shí)間和空間上比較近的人或者事物；空間上比較近的人或者事物；thatthat一般用來指一般用來指時(shí)間和空間上比較遠(yuǎn)的人或者事物。

8、時(shí)間和空間上比較遠(yuǎn)的人或者事物。2022-3-15o onene，onesones，it it，thisthis，that that 習(xí)題習(xí)題1.There are a lot of socks in the shop. What color do you want ? I want the red _ .2.Who is speaking out of the door? I dont know. _ may be your father. 3. _ is my father.He is a doctor.4.Whats _ over there? 5.He found _ very int

9、eresting to ride a horse.onesItThisthatit2022-3-155.little,a little5.little,a little和和few,a fewfew,a few 當(dāng)句子前面有only時(shí),后面只能用a little和a few,即:only a few=very few(幾乎沒有幾個(gè)),only a little=very little(幾乎沒有,很少)He can speak only a little Chinese.2022-3-15little,a littlelittle,a little和和few,a few few,a few 練習(xí)：

10、練習(xí)：1.We have_ friends here.I often talk with them.2. There is _water in my glass. Just have some, please. 3.My father has_friends in the factory.He is new there.4.There is_ time left. We must hurry up. a fewa littlefewlittle2022-3-15 6.all,none(三者或三者以上三者或三者以上) ,no allall“所有所有”表示三者或者三者以上都 否定詞:nonenon

11、e，意思為“沒有一個(gè)沒有一個(gè)” 當(dāng)作主語指人時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式;當(dāng)作主語指物時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式;當(dāng)作定語時(shí),它既可修飾可數(shù)名詞,又可修飾不可數(shù)名詞. All of us areare interested in English. All is is going well. They all went there last week. He told me all about it.2022-3-15all思考思考:All of us are not students. 譯：我們大家并不都是學(xué)生譯：我們大家并不都是學(xué)生. .（暗示（暗示: :我們當(dāng)中有一些是學(xué)生我們當(dāng)中有一些是學(xué)生, ,

12、有一些不是有一些不是. .）注意注意：句型Not allNot all或?yàn)锳llnotAllnot不完全否定句不完全否定句. .意思意思？當(dāng)all作主語,若后有人稱代詞人稱代詞,須在他們之間加上of,若其后是名詞名詞,他們之間可加of,也可不加. All ofof them are from Beijing. All the students/All of the students have passed the exam.2022-3-15allall的位置：的位置：當(dāng)謂動(dòng)是實(shí)義V時(shí)，all放V前；當(dāng)謂語動(dòng)詞是be時(shí)，放在be后；當(dāng)謂語動(dòng)詞是情態(tài)V/助動(dòng)詞+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，放在他們之間。 The

13、y all know the answer. They are all women. They have all finished their homework. You can all come to see me again next Monday.當(dāng)all用作人稱代詞賓語的同位語時(shí),all放在賓語后面.如:you all,them all us all.2022-3-15nonenone 意為”沒有一個(gè)人或東西”,在句中可以作主語,賓語及同位語,但它不能作定語.1. -Are there any maps on the wall? -None2. I like none of these

14、 booksnone of 后面只能接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),謂動(dòng)用單,復(fù)數(shù)均可,強(qiáng)調(diào)整體時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞常用復(fù)數(shù),強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù). None of these pictures are/is good. 注意:回答how many或how much問句時(shí)通常用none回答.-How many students are there in the classroom?-None.-Who is in the classroom ?-No one/Nobodyno 沒有沒有，形容詞性，后加名詞，形容詞性，后加名詞 2022-3-15all和和none ，no習(xí)題習(xí)題1.Well _ come here

15、 to help you. 2._ of us can answer his question. Its very difficult. 3.They were all very tired, but _ of them would stop to take a rest.4.All of us were invited, but _ of us came.5.I have _ money.allAllnonenonone2022-3-157.both,either 和和neither（兩者之間）（兩者之間） both表示“兩者都”,作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù),可以構(gòu)成bothand的句型 Bot

16、h of us are doctors. You are both wrong. Both the students are American Both you and he are right.both of 的否定式是Neither of,Both of them come from Japan. Neither of them comes from Japan2022-3-15 either表示兩者中的任何一個(gè),在句中可用作主語,賓語和定語,用作定語時(shí)后面只接單數(shù)名詞. 1.-Would you like a cup of tea or a glass of water? -Either

17、 will do. 2. There are many trees on either side of the river.either 可以構(gòu)成eitheror,表示或者或者,要么要么Either Tom or Jack will stay at home tommrow. either還可以作副詞,意為”也”,用在否定句中.either either 2022-3-15 neither 表示兩者都不,在句中可作主語,賓語和定語,作定語時(shí)只能接單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù). 1.Neither of the students is fifteen. 2. -Do you know

18、Jack and Tom? -No,I know neither of them. 3. -What about the two books? -Neither book is interesting.neithernor表示既不也不,連接兩個(gè)主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞與后面的名詞或代詞一致.bothand的否定式是neithernorNeither you nor she speaks Japanese.Both Mr.Li and Mrs.Zhang are OK.Neither Mr.Li nor Mrs.Zhang is OK.neither2022-3-15both,either 和和neit

19、her 習(xí)題習(xí)題1._ of my parents are farmers.2._ of us are your teachers. 3.I have two tickets._ you or your brother can go with me. 4.There are many flowers on_ side of the road.5.There are some trees on _ sides of the street.BothNeitherEithereitherboth2022-3-158.other，the other，others，the others，anotheru

20、others 表示泛指其他的人或者事物（但不一定是剩下不一定是剩下的全部）的全部）。uthe others是表示在特定范圍內(nèi)的其他的人或者事物，它表示剩下的全部剩下的全部。panother是指三個(gè)或者三個(gè)以上的范圍中的“另一個(gè)”、“再/又一個(gè)”，修飾單數(shù)名詞；如果與復(fù)數(shù)名詞連用的時(shí)候，復(fù)數(shù)名詞的前面必須有基數(shù)詞/few，意思是“另外的”。the other是指兩個(gè)中的另一個(gè)人或者事物，經(jīng)常和one連用，構(gòu)成one the other結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“（兩個(gè)中）一個(gè)， 另一個(gè) ”other 另外的，形容詞性，后加名詞 2022-3-15the other，others，the others，anoth

21、er 練習(xí)練習(xí)1.Some boys are cleaning the door, some are sweeping the floor, and _are playing outside. 2.Five students in my class are girls, _ are all boys. 3.This shirt is too big; Ill try_ . 4.I want to have_ two apples. 5.He took a book in one hand, and a bag in _. othersthe othersanotheranotherthe ot

22、her2022-3-159.some,any,no,every組合的復(fù)合不定代詞組合的復(fù)合不定代詞. 當(dāng)主句中的主語是指人的復(fù)合不定代詞如everybody,everyone,anyone等時(shí),其反意疑問句的主語通常是代詞they;當(dāng)主句中的主語是指物的復(fù)合不定代詞如everything,anything,something,nothing 等時(shí),其反意疑問句的主語通常是代詞it. Everybody is here ,arent they? Everything is ready,isnt it?2022-3-15 當(dāng)adj./else修飾復(fù)合不定代詞something, everythin

23、g, everyone等時(shí),adj./else必須放在復(fù)合不定代詞的后面后面. I have something important to tell you. We need one more helper. Can you find anyone else?everyone的意思等同與everybody,只能指人只能指人;every one既可指人也可指物既可指人也可指物, 還可以和of短語連用.Everyone/Every one likes Mary.I have kept every one of her letters.some,any,no,every組合的復(fù)合不定代詞組合的復(fù)合不定代詞.復(fù)合不定代詞作主語時(shí)，謂動(dòng)用三單Everyone was very happy.2022-3-15 許多，修飾C 大量，修飾U “一些”可加C(pl)和U，用于肯定句和建議性問句 “一些”，可加C(pl)和U，用于否定句和疑問句 強(qiáng)調(diào)整體性,adj性，不跟