一般過去時(shí)的講解

1、知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成構(gòu)成意義意義常用時(shí)間標(biāo)志常用時(shí)間標(biāo)志動(dòng)詞的過去式動(dòng)詞的過去式1. 表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的生的動(dòng)作動(dòng)作或存在的或存在的狀態(tài)狀態(tài)。2. 表示過去經(jīng)?；虮硎具^去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。yesterday morning/afternoonlast night/week/year/Sunday/in 1990 two years/weeks agoGrammar一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)動(dòng)詞過去式的變化動(dòng)詞過去式的變化1. 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞be的變化：的變化：waswere am isare2. 助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞do的變化：的變化： do did (在過去時(shí)里助動(dòng)詞在

2、過去時(shí)里助動(dòng)詞do沒有沒有 人稱和數(shù)的變化人稱和數(shù)的變化) 如：如：Did you play soccer yesterday? Did he play soccer yesterday? 3. 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的變化：實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的變化： 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞分實(shí)義動(dòng)詞分規(guī)則變化規(guī)則變化和和不規(guī)則變化不規(guī)則變化。 規(guī)則變化有以下幾種：規(guī)則變化有以下幾種： (1) 一般情況下在動(dòng)詞后加一般情況下在動(dòng)詞后加-ed。 e.g. playplayed visitvisited walkwalked cleancleaned (2) 以不以不發(fā)音的發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的詞結(jié)尾的詞，在詞尾，在詞尾 加加-d。 e.g. liveliv

3、ed likeliked dancedanced hopehoped (3) 以一個(gè)元音加一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的以一個(gè)元音加一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的 重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的單詞，要先雙寫重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的單詞，要先雙寫 這個(gè)輔音字母，再加這個(gè)輔音字母，再加-ed。 e.g. stopstopped dropdropped planplanned (4) 以輔音字母加以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的單詞，先改結(jié)尾的單詞，先改y 為為i，再加，再加-ed。 e.g. studystudied carrycarried 不規(guī)則變化需要按一定的規(guī)律逐個(gè)不規(guī)則變化需要按一定的規(guī)律逐個(gè) 記憶。記憶。規(guī)則動(dòng)詞詞-ed的讀音清念 /t/

4、,元濁/d/ ; /t/ /d/ 之后念/id/1、清念、清念 /t/ ，即即 ed 在在清輔音后面念輔音后面念 /t/ ,例：例：finished helped passed cooked2.元濁元濁 /d/ ,即即 ed 在在元音，音，濁輔音后面輔音后面/d/ 例：例：borrowed enjoyed called moved 3、/t/ /d/ 之后念之后念 /id/ , 即即 ed 在在 /t/ /d/ 音后音后面念面念 /id/例：例：wanted shouted needed counted 不規(guī)則變化(需逐個(gè)記憶)： do did come came go went sit sa

5、t have had can could take took give gave put put get got swim swam eat ate tell told sleep slept see saw wear wore lie lay drink drank find found write wrote can could will would sing sang read readdo did go went read read see saw get got sit sat have/has had am/is was 在本單元中出現(xiàn)的不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞有以在本單元中出現(xiàn)的不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞有以

6、下幾個(gè)：下幾個(gè)：III. 寫出下列單詞的過去式寫出下列單詞的過去式 talk milk am /is are go ride feed take do seetalked was went fed did milked were rode took saw I _ 12 years old this year. 我去年11歲.I _ 11 years old last year.He _ in Beijing now.他昨天在上海。He _ in Shanghai yesterday.他現(xiàn)在在北京。我今年12歲.amwasiswasThey _ in China today.他們今天在中國。T

7、hey _ in Japan yesterday.他們昨天在日本。areweream/ iswasarewere每天，早餐我吃雞蛋和牛奶。I _ eggs and milk for breakfast every morning.昨天，早餐我吃面條。I _ noodles for breakfast yesterday morning.他每天都吃水果。He _ fruit every day.昨天他吃了3個(gè)蘋果。He _ 3 apples yesterday.have/ hashadhavehashadhadI up at 6:30 every morning.I _ up at 9:00 l

8、ast Sunday.He football every afternoon.He _ basketball yesterday afternoon.He his homework every evening.He _ some reading last night.gotplayeddidThey TV in the evening.They _ TV last night.She basketball after school.She _ basketball after school yesterday. you to school on foot every day?_ you _ t

9、o school on footyesterday. he to school by bus every day?_ he _to school by bus yesterday?didntdiddidnt watchdidnt playDidDidgogo一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí):句中句中be動(dòng)詞用動(dòng)詞用am/is/are, 實(shí)義實(shí)義 動(dòng)詞用動(dòng)詞用三單或原形三單或原形, ,表示表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)或或 現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作和行為。的動(dòng)作和行為。時(shí)標(biāo)時(shí)標(biāo):always usually often sometimes never every day on Sundays現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行

10、時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí):句中動(dòng)詞用句中動(dòng)詞用am/is/are +doing 形式形式, ,表示表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。時(shí)標(biāo)時(shí)標(biāo): now at the moment listen look do sth. at+具體時(shí)刻具體時(shí)刻 Its+具體時(shí)刻具體時(shí)刻一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí):句中句中be動(dòng)詞用動(dòng)詞用was/were,實(shí)義動(dòng)實(shí)義動(dòng) 詞用詞用動(dòng)詞過去式動(dòng)詞過去式, ,表示表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的 動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)也可表示也可表示過去反復(fù)出現(xiàn)過去反復(fù)出現(xiàn) 的動(dòng)作的動(dòng)作(與頻度副詞與頻度副詞usually, often等連用等連用) I was nine ye

11、ars old in 2008. (過去某時(shí)間的狀態(tài)過去某時(shí)間的狀態(tài)) I went to Shanghai last year. (過去某時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作過去某時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作) I often did my homework at school. (過去反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)作過去反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)作)我我天天天天打籃球。打籃球。我我正在正在打籃球。打籃球。我我昨天昨天打籃球。打籃球。I every day.I now.I yesterday.play basketballam playing basketball played basketball時(shí)標(biāo)時(shí)標(biāo): (漢語翻譯時(shí)常用漢語翻譯時(shí)常用“了了”) yes

12、terday (昨天昨天) yesterday morning / afternoon / evening (昨天早上昨天早上 / 下午下午 / 晚上晚上) last night (昨晚昨晚) = yesterday evening last year / month / week (去年去年 / 上個(gè)月上個(gè)月 / 上星期上星期) the day before yesterday (前天前天) in+過去的年份或月份過去的年份或月份 (在在年年/在在月月) 時(shí)間段時(shí)間段+ago (以前以前) just now (剛才剛才) at that time=then (在那時(shí)在那時(shí)) when + 過

13、去時(shí)句子過去時(shí)句子 (一般過去時(shí)時(shí)間狀從一般過去時(shí)時(shí)間狀從)含含be動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)句式動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)句式肯定句肯定句 主語主語 + was / were + 表語表語.否定句否定句 主語主語 + was / were not + 表語表語. (wasnt/ werent)一般疑問句一般疑問句 Was / Were + 主語主語 + 表語表語? 肯定回答肯定回答 Yes, 代詞代詞 + was / were. 否定回答否定回答 No, 代詞代詞 + wasnt / werent. I _ a teacher last year. I _ a teacher last year. _ you a te

14、acher last year? Yes, I _. / No, I _.waswasntWerewaswasnt肯定句肯定句 主語主語+動(dòng)詞過去式動(dòng)詞過去式+賓語賓語. I _(watch) TV last night.否定句否定句 主語主語+didnt+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形+賓語賓語. I _(not watch) TV last night.一般疑問句一般疑問句 Did+主語主語+動(dòng)詞原形動(dòng)詞原形+賓語賓語? 肯定回答肯定回答 Yes, 代詞代詞+did. 否定回答否定回答 No, 代詞代詞+didnt. _ you _(watch) TV last night? Yes, I _. / N

15、o, I _.特殊疑問句特殊疑問句 特殊疑問詞特殊疑問詞+did+主語主語+動(dòng)原動(dòng)原? What _ you _(do) last night?含含實(shí)義實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)句式動(dòng)詞的過去時(shí)句式watcheddidnt watchDid watchdiddidntdid dodid, does一出現(xiàn)一出現(xiàn), ,動(dòng)詞都要變?cè)蝿?dòng)詞都要變?cè)蝿?dòng)詞一般過去時(shí)，表示過去發(fā)生事；動(dòng)詞一般過去時(shí)，表示過去發(fā)生事；be用用was或用或用were, have, has變變had；謂語動(dòng)詞過去式，過去時(shí)間作標(biāo)志；謂語動(dòng)詞過去式，過去時(shí)間作標(biāo)志；一般動(dòng)詞加一般動(dòng)詞加-ed，若是特殊得硬記。，若是特殊得硬記。否定句很簡單

16、，主語之后否定句很簡單，主語之后didnt添；添；疑問句也不難，疑問句也不難，did放在主語前；放在主語前；如果謂語之前有如果謂語之前有did，謂語動(dòng)詞需還原；，謂語動(dòng)詞需還原；動(dòng)詞若是動(dòng)詞若是was,were,否定就把否定就把not添。添。1.He visited his friends last night.2.Tom took some photos two days ago.3.We went for a walk yesterday.4.I studied in Beijing in 1999.5.They played soccer yesterday morning. 1.He

17、visited his friends last night.否定句否定句He didnt visit his friends last night. 疑問句疑問句：Did he visit his friends last night? 肯定回答：肯定回答：Yes, he did. 否定回答：否定回答：No, he didnt. 對(duì)劃線提問對(duì)劃線提問：What did he do last night? 對(duì)劃線提問：對(duì)劃線提問：When did he visit his friends?1.I_ ( play) soccer yesterday.否定句：疑問句：肯定回答：否定回答：對(duì)劃線提問

18、:：對(duì)劃線提問：playedI didnt play soccer yesterday.Did you play soccer yesterday?Yes, I did.No, I didnt.What did you do yesyerday?When did you play soccer? 2.Tom took some photos two days ago. 否定句否定句: 疑問句：疑問句： 肯定回答：肯定回答： 否定回答否定回答: 劃線提問：劃線提問： 劃線提問：劃線提問：Tom didnt take any photos two days ago.Did Tom take any

19、 photos two days ago?Yes, he did.No, he didnt.What did Tom do two days ago?When did Tom take any photos?3.We_(go) for a walk yesterday.4.I_(study) in Beijing in 1999.wentstudied否定句否定句疑問句疑問句肯定回答肯定回答否定回答否定回答劃線提問劃線提問劃線提問劃線提問We didnt go for a walk yesterday.Did you go for a walk yesterday?Yes, we did.No

20、, we didnt.What did you do yesterday?When did you go for a walk?I. 用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空1. How _ your school trip? It was great.2. How _ you yesterday?3. Today is Monday. Yesterday _ Sunday.4. What _ you do the day before yesterday?5. _ you ride a horse last week? was were was did Did根據(jù)句意，用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填根據(jù)句意，用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空?？?。1. What did the _ (farm) say? 2. Carol _ (pick) some strawberries and _ (take) them home.3. I _ (visit) my grandparents in the countryside. 4. I _ (watch) the stars at night.5. _ (do) Carol take any photos?