英語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞的用法區(qū)別

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上動(dòng)名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞用法的區(qū)別動(dòng)詞的-ing形式按功能可分為動(dòng)名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞。動(dòng)詞的-ing形式何時(shí)為動(dòng)名詞，何時(shí)為現(xiàn)在分詞。首先，我們要從概念上區(qū)分。動(dòng)詞的-ing形式在起名詞作用時(shí)，稱(chēng)為動(dòng)名詞；用作形容詞或副詞時(shí)，稱(chēng)為現(xiàn)在分詞。其次，我們要從用法方面區(qū)分動(dòng)詞的-ing形式是動(dòng)名詞還是現(xiàn)在分詞。一、動(dòng)詞的-ing形式用作主語(yǔ)時(shí)為動(dòng)名詞，現(xiàn)在分詞不可以用作主語(yǔ)。1動(dòng)名詞用作主語(yǔ).Reading French is easier than speaking it. 閱讀法文比講法語(yǔ)容易。Talking to him is talking to a wall. 和他說(shuō)話等于對(duì)

2、牛彈琴。Smoking can cause cancer. 吸煙會(huì)致癌。Growing roses is her hobby. 種玫瑰是她的愛(ài)好。2有時(shí)it作形式主語(yǔ)，把動(dòng)名詞主語(yǔ)放在句子后面Its nice seeing you again. 再次見(jiàn)到你太好了。It was tiring driving from morning till night. 從早到晚開(kāi)車(chē)很累人。Its a wonder meeting you here. 在這里碰到你真是奇跡。It was a waste of time reading that book. 看那本書(shū)是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。3. “There is + no

3、”后可以用動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)There was no knowing what he could do. 他能做什么很難說(shuō)。There was no arguing with her. 沒(méi)法和她爭(zhēng)論。二、動(dòng)詞的-ing形式用作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)為動(dòng)名詞，現(xiàn)在分詞不可以用作賓語(yǔ)。1有許多動(dòng)詞可接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)I suggested bringing the meeting to an end. 我建議結(jié)束會(huì)議。So you prefer living abroad? 這樣說(shuō)你更愿意住在國(guó)外？He kept complaining. 他不停地抱怨。I finished reading the book last ni

4、ght. 這書(shū)我昨晚看完了。2有許多帶介詞的動(dòng)詞固定搭配接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)He has given up playing football. 他現(xiàn)在不踢足球了。Prices keep on increasing. 價(jià)格不斷上漲。三、當(dāng)動(dòng)詞的-ing形式用作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)為現(xiàn)在分詞，動(dòng)名詞不可以用作狀語(yǔ)。現(xiàn)在分詞及其短語(yǔ)可以用作狀語(yǔ)，表示時(shí)間、原因、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、方式或伴隨情況等。其動(dòng)作可能發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)之前或之后，也可能與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。Climbing to the top of the tower, we saw a magnificent view.我們爬到塔頂后，看到了一片壯麗的景象。（表

5、時(shí)間）Living in the country, we had few social engagements.我們住在鄉(xiāng)下，交際的機(jī)會(huì)很少。（表原因）Having money, he will buy a bigger car.（表?xiàng)l件）Knowing the secret, she would not tell me about it.（表讓步）The child fell, striking his head against the door and cutting it.那孩子跌倒了，頭碰在門(mén)上碰破了.（表結(jié)果）He stood leaning against the wall. 他靠

6、墻站著.（表方式或伴隨情況）四、動(dòng)名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞都可以用作表語(yǔ)，當(dāng)動(dòng)詞的-ing的作用相當(dāng)于名詞時(shí)為動(dòng)名詞。當(dāng)動(dòng)詞的-ing的作用相當(dāng)于形容詞時(shí)，動(dòng)詞的-ing為現(xiàn)在分詞。1動(dòng)名詞用作表語(yǔ)Her hobby is painting. 她的愛(ài)好是繪畫(huà)。Her job was tending the sheep. 她的工作是放羊。The main thing is getting there in time. 首要的事是及時(shí)到達(dá)那里。2現(xiàn)在分詞用作表語(yǔ)The news is encouraging. 這消息令人鼓舞。This story is very interesting. 這個(gè)故事很有趣。T

7、he day was so charming. 天氣真是好極了。The difference was most striking. 差別很明顯。五、動(dòng)名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞都可以用作定語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞表示其所修飾的名詞的動(dòng)作，即: 現(xiàn)在分詞與其所修飾的名詞在邏輯上具有主謂關(guān)系。通常能改為一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。動(dòng)名詞則表示其修飾的名詞的性質(zhì)，或用途或功能. 兩者在邏輯上無(wú)主謂關(guān)系。因此，只能改為一個(gè)for加動(dòng)名詞的短語(yǔ)。1動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)，動(dòng)名詞表性質(zhì)或用途或功能。swimming pool 游泳池 drinking water 飲用水swimming suit 游泳衣 waiting room 候車(chē)室sleeping

8、bag 睡袋 parking lot 停車(chē)場(chǎng)sleeping pill 安眠藥 writing desk 寫(xiě)字桌 sewing machine 縫紉機(jī) writing paper 信紙 operating table 手術(shù)室 checking account 活期賬戶diving suit 潛水衣 reading room 閱覽室diving board 跳板 playing ground 運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)washing machine 洗衣機(jī) boxing competition 拳擊比賽washing powder 洗衣粉 speaking contest 演講比賽fishing pole 釣魚(yú)桿

9、fishing line 釣魚(yú)線2現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)developing countries 發(fā)展中國(guó)家 a booming town 日漸繁榮的城鎮(zhèn)growing doubts 越來(lái)越大的懷疑 the existing condition 現(xiàn)有條件 the remaining days 剩下的歲月 lasting peace 持久的和平a falling star 流星 the leading newspapers 主要報(bào)紙the ruling class 統(tǒng)治階級(jí) living things 有生命的東西 the ageing population 老化的人口 the rising gener

10、ation 成長(zhǎng)的一代 六、動(dòng)名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞都可以用作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，但現(xiàn)在分詞用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)時(shí)，與前面的賓語(yǔ)構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)。具有這種復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞多為表示感覺(jué)的動(dòng)詞，如：smell, observe, watch, notice, look at, listen to 等。另外，有些使役動(dòng)詞如have, set, get, catch, keep, leave等可以后面接含有現(xiàn)在分詞的復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)。還有，作為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)的現(xiàn)在分詞有時(shí)前面可有as，前面的動(dòng)詞多用regard, consider, describe, see, think of 等。現(xiàn)在分詞用作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，多用在被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中，與主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成復(fù)合主語(yǔ)。而動(dòng)名

11、詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)對(duì)相應(yīng)的動(dòng)詞卻沒(méi)這些規(guī)定。1動(dòng)名詞用作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)I call this robbing Peter to pay Paul. 我管這叫做拆東墻補(bǔ)西墻。（robbing是賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)）This is called turning things upside down. 這叫做把事物顛倒了。（turning 是主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)）2現(xiàn)在分詞用作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)We found him waiting to receive us. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)他等著歡迎我們。We kept the fire burning all the time. 我們使火一直燃燒著。They described the young man as havi

12、ng initiative and drive.他們說(shuō)這青年積極肯干。He was seen going upstairs. 有人看見(jiàn)他上樓。現(xiàn)在分詞和動(dòng)名詞練習(xí)（1）現(xiàn)在分詞1. The old farmer,_ the badly-injured and wounded soldier, came out of theburning house, _for help. A. supporting; calling B. supported by; called C. being supported by; called D. being supporting; called 2. - Oh

13、, its already a quarter past six. What shall we do at the meeting this evening? - Well go on with the matter_ this afternoon. A. be discussedB. being discussing C. discussed D. which discussed 3. The brave man died,_ his young wife nothing but a_ cottage. A. left; breakingB. leaving; broken C. left;

14、 brokenD. to leave; breaking 4. _hard before, Tom is afraid of failing in the exam. A. Having been workedB. Not to have worked C. Having never workedD. Never have worked 5._the exam, the boy was punished by his father. A. No passingB. Having passed C. Not passingD. Not having passed 6. Time_, I can

15、have done it better. A. permit B. be permitted C. permitting D. to permit 7._, the boy couldnt enter his house. A. Since the key has lostB. The key been lost C. Lost the keyD. Having lost the key 8. _into many languages, the story is well known all over the world now. A. Being translated B. Having t

16、ranslated C. To be translatedD. Having been translated 9. _for the terrible accident, as the public thought, the mayor felt nervous and was at a loss what to do. A. Having blamed B. To blame C. Being to be blame D. Being to blame 10. _from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some me

17、dicine with him wherever he goes. A. Suffered B. To suffer C. Having suffered D. Being suffered 11. _from what he said, he must be the thief who has stolen the car. A. Judging B. Judged C. To judge D. Judge 12. _with fright, a hungry fox hid himself in a small cave, _his tail to the rain. A. Trembli

18、ng; exposing B. Trembled; exposed C. Trembled; exposing D. Trembling; exposed 13. Many teachers were praised at the meeting, Mr. Zhou_. A. including B. being including C. to include D. included 14. -Who were those people with the flags? -A group_itself the League of Peace. A. calls B. calling C. cal

19、led D. being called 15. _you the truth, she knows nothing about it. A. Tell B. Telling C. To tell D. Told 16. We slept with the light_ all night long last night. A. burnt B. to burn C. being burnt D. burning 17. Linda cant attend the party_ at Toms house at present because she is preparing a speech

20、for the party_ at Maries house tomorrow. A. being held; to be heldB. to be held; held C. held; being heldD. to be held; to be held 18. The situation is more _than ever. Im _about what to do next. A. puzzled; puzzled B. puzzling; puzzling C. puzzling; puzzled D. puzzled; puzzling 19. When_ that it wa

21、s getting late, I put off the light and went to bed. A. find B. finding C. found D. to find 20. _her mother had come, her face lit up. A. Hearing B. Having heard C. When hearing D. When she heard 21. Daddy didnt mind what we were doing, as long as we were together, _fun. A. had B. have C. to have D.

22、 having22. Dont leave the water _ while you brush your teeth.A. run B. running C. being run D. to run23. The picture _ on the wall is painted by my nephew. A.having hung B.hanging C.hangs D.being hung24. I couldnt do my homework with all that noise _. A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on 25

23、. _from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.A.Being separatedB. Having separated C. Having been separated D. To be separated 26. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found_in the kitchen. A.smoke B. smoking C.

24、 to smoke D. smoked27. He sent me an E-mail, _ to get further information. A. hoped B. hoping C. to hope D. hopekey: 1-5. ACBCD 6-10 CDDDC 11-15 AADBC 16-20 DACBD 21-27 DBBACBB（2）動(dòng)名詞1. No one enjoys_at.A. laughing B. to laugh C. being laughed D. to be laughed 2. You must do something to prevent your

25、 house_ .A. to be broken in B. from being broken inC. to break in D. from breaking in 3. They insisted on_another chance to try.A. given B. givingC. being givenD. to be given4. Where is my passport? I remember_it here.You shouldnt have left it here. Remember_it with you all the time.A. to put; to ta

26、ke B. putting ;taking C. putting ;to take D. to put ;taking 5. His room needs_, so he must have it .A. painting; paintedB. painted; paintingC. painting; painting D. painted; painted 6. After finishing his homework he went on_a letter to his parents.A.writeB.writingC.wrote D.to write 7. The young tre

27、es we planted last week require_with great care.A. looking after B. to look after C. to be looked after D. taken good care of 8. Only_English doesnt mean_the language.A.to learn; to learn B.learning; learningC.learning about; learn D.learning about; learning 9. She returned home only to find the doo

28、r open and something_.A.missed B.to be missing C.missing D.to be missed 10. She decided to devote herself_the problem of old age.A.to study B.studying C.to studying D.study 11. Remember_the newspaper when you have finished it. A.putting back B.put back C.to put back D.be put back 12. As she is looki

29、ng forward to_from me, please remember_this letter on your way to school. A.hear; post B.hearing; to post C.be heard; posting D.be hearing; to posting 13. Grandma said that she had a lot of trouble_your handwriting.A.to readB.to see C.readingC.in seeing 14. Writing stories and articles_what I enjoy

30、most.A.is B.are C.was D.were 15. We appreciate_us to the ball.A. them to invite B. to invite C. their inviting D. being invited 16. Would you mind_quiet for a moment? Im trying_a form.A. keeping; filling out B. to keep; to fill outC. keeping; to fill out D. to keep; filling out 17. He was afraid_for

31、 being late.A.of seeing B.of being seen C.to be seen D.to have seen 18. Id like to suggest_the meeting till next week.A. to put off B. putting off C. put off D. to be put off 19. I dont see how I could possibly manage_the work without .A. finish; helping B. to finish; being helpedC. finishing; helpi

32、ng D. finishing; being helped 20. Anything worth_is worthy of_well.A.doing; being done B. doing; doingC. to be done; to be done D. to be done; being done 21. We advised them to take a rest, but they insisted_the work.A.finishB.to finishC.in finishing D.on finishing 22. I delayed_your letter because I had been away for a