現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)總結(jié)---學(xué)生習(xí)題版

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（Present Perfect Tense）兩種應(yīng)用：現(xiàn)完一：過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果 連用的狀語如下： 已經(jīng)_ （只用于肯定句） 曾經(jīng)_, 仍然，還_（只用于否定句和疑問句）從未_,剛剛_, 在此之前_最近_, _例句：我已經(jīng)吃了太多了。（言外之意是現(xiàn)在不餓。） I _ _ too much.現(xiàn)完二：過去開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或保存的狀態(tài)，并有可能一直進(jìn)行下去。 for或since等引起的一段時(shí)間狀語連用,常接的時(shí)間狀語如下： “現(xiàn)完二”一定要用延續(xù)性動詞or瞬間動詞的否定式 持續(xù)了三天_ _ _ 從昨天起 _ _ 從那時(shí)起

2、_ _ _ 從他四歲起since he _ 4 years old 至今，到現(xiàn)在_ _, _ _, _ _ _ 在過去的10年里_ /_/_ the past 10 years 他的一生中_ _ _ 例句：他哭了三天。He _ _ for 3 days. （延續(xù)性動詞）我從去年夏天起就沒有看過電影。I _ _ a film since last summer. （瞬間動詞否定式）我兩個(gè)月沒買任何東西了。I havent bought anything for two months. （瞬間動詞否定式）結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+have / has + 動詞的過去分詞一般疑問句：Have / has+主語 ?

3、 Yes, I have. No, I havent. Yes, she has. No, she hasnt. 例句： 你作業(yè)寫完了嗎？ _ _ _ your homework? 我寫完了,但是他沒寫完。 Yes, _ _, but he _.反義疑問句：陳述句+，havent/ hasnt/ have/ has+主語? 例句： 你從來沒去過香港，你去過嗎？ You have never been to Hong Kong, _ _? 他已經(jīng)起床了，他沒起來嗎？ He has already got up, _ _?注意：l 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)_和過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。l 所有動詞（瞬間動詞和延續(xù)性動

4、詞）都可以用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。l “現(xiàn)完二”中要想辦法把瞬間動詞轉(zhuǎn)換成延續(xù)性動詞或詞組。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常用瞬間動詞和延續(xù)性動詞的3種轉(zhuǎn)換方法Have+瞬間動詞過去分詞 轉(zhuǎn)換 have+延續(xù)性動詞過去分詞（1）意思轉(zhuǎn)換專心-專注-專業(yè)have boughthave borrowedhave caught a coldhave put onhave receivedhave _, _have _have _ a coldhave _have _, _我買了一本書。 I _ _ a book.這個(gè)房子我買了兩年了。 I _ _ this house for 2 years.他戴上了帽子。 He _ _ th

5、e hat.他從昨天開始就戴著帽子。He _ _ the hat since yesterday. （2）瞬間動詞-be+形容詞have diedhave openedhave closedhave fallen asleephave got married, marriedhave been _have been _have been _have been _have been _他剛死。 He _ just _.他已經(jīng)過世一年了。 He _ already _ _ for 1 year.他們結(jié)婚了。 They have _ _.從我8歲的時(shí)候他們就結(jié)婚了。They _ _ _ since

6、I was 8 years old.（3）瞬間動詞-be+介詞have becomehave got uphave ended, finishedhave lefthave started/ begunhave reachedhave joinedhave fallen in love withhave come herehave gone therehave _have been _have been _have been _ fromhave been _have been _ / _have been (1) a + 成員；職業(yè) (2) in+ 集團(tuán)；組織；have _ in love

7、withhave_ herehave _ there我們從小時(shí)候就成朋友了。We _ _ friends since we were little.我來武漢已經(jīng)10年了。 I _ _ in Wuhan for 10 years.他上個(gè)星期天就去香港了。He _ _ _ Hong Kong since last Sunday.電影已經(jīng)開始10分鐘了。 The film _ _ _ for 10 minutes.他參軍了。 He _ _ the army.他參軍已經(jīng)8年了。 He _ _ _ _ for 8 years.have been to, have gone to, have been i

8、n區(qū)分(1) have/has been to意為：曾經(jīng)去過某地, 現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那里（有去有回）其后可加：次數(shù)。once, twice, (for) 3 times(超過2次可加for)例句：我去過北京3次。I _ _ _ Beijing _ _ _. (2) have/has gone to意為：到某地去了，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。（有去沒回）說話時(shí)該人不在現(xiàn)場，不用第一、二人稱代詞作主語。例句：湯姆在哪里？Where is Tom?   他到書店去了。 He _ _ _ the bookshop. (3

9、) Have/has been in意為：已經(jīng)在某地呆了多長時(shí)間，常與“現(xiàn)完二”的表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用例句：他們在加拿大呆了5年了。They _ _ _ Canada for five years. 注意：如果結(jié)構(gòu)中的地點(diǎn)為there, here或home, to或in或其他介詞要省略。如：He _ _ _. He will be back tomorrow. 他回家了，明天回來。I _ _ _ for several times. 我曾到過那里幾次。My mom _ _ _ for 3 months. 我媽媽在這里已經(jīng)3個(gè)月了。for和si

10、nce在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的應(yīng)用不同點(diǎn)：（1）for后須接“_” 他學(xué)英語已經(jīng)5年了。He has studied English for five years.（2）since后須接“_” 他從1999年開始學(xué)英語。He has studied English since 1999.（3）since能引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句(從句時(shí)態(tài)用 過去式 )。 我們自從在學(xué)校遇見后就成好朋友了。We have been friends since we _ in school.相同點(diǎn)：（1）兩者均須與延續(xù)性動詞連用，也可以與非延續(xù)性動詞的否定式連用。如: 判斷正誤：I have bought this comput

11、er since four years ago. ( )I have had this computer since four years ago. ( )I havent bought anything for two months.( )I haven't heard from him for 3 weeks. ( )（2）二者引出的時(shí)間狀語往往用_提問。你買這個(gè)本書多久了？_ _ have you had this book?_ a week./ _ a week _.for和since轉(zhuǎn)換_ + 一段時(shí)間 = _ + 一段時(shí)間 + _他在這里已經(jīng)呆了5個(gè)星期了。 He has

12、been here for _ _.= He has been here since _ _ _.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常用句型：（1）It is (has been) +時(shí)間段+ since +時(shí)間狀語或從句。意為：自從以來，已經(jīng)有一段時(shí)間了。從上周五到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)四天了。It is _ _ since _ _.從Jim來北京已經(jīng)有兩年了。It has been _ _ since Jim _ _ Beijing.（2）最高級+名詞+ that+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)從句意為：這是（主語）經(jīng)歷過的，最的（名詞）。這是我曾經(jīng)去過的最有趣的博物館。This is _ _ _ _ that I _ ever _ _.這是他見

13、過的最難看的寶寶。It is _ _ _ that _ _ _.（3）This/it/that is the first (second) 名詞+that + 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)從句。這是Jenny和Danny第一次來中國。This is the first time that Jenny and Danny _ _ to China.這是我第三次見到Karen。It is the third time that I _ _ Karen.這是我今晚喝的第5杯啤酒。This is _ _ cup of beer that I _ _ tonight.一個(gè)句子的五種表達(dá)式你來晚了，電影已經(jīng)放了10分鐘了。(1) You are late. The film _ 10 minutes _. (過去式)(2) You are late. The film has _ _ for 10 minutes