2018年廣州市中考英語試題及答案

1、2018 年廣州市初中畢業(yè)生學(xué)業(yè)考試英語試卷本試卷共四大題， 12頁，滿分 110分?？荚嚂r間 120 分鐘。注意事項：1. 答卷前，考生務(wù)必在答題卡上用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆填寫自己的考生號、姓名、 考點(diǎn)考場號、座位號，再用 2B 鉛筆把對應(yīng)這兩個號碼的標(biāo)號涂黑。2. 選擇題每小題選出答案后，用 2B 鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需要 改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。不能答在試卷上。3. 非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域的相應(yīng)位置上； 如需要改動，先劃掉原來的答案， 然后再寫上新的答案，改動的答案也不能 超出指定的區(qū)域；不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆

2、、圓珠筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案無效。4. 考生必須保持答題卡的整潔，考試結(jié)東，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。 一、語法選擇 （共 15小題；每小題 1分，滿分 15 分）閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，從 115 各題所給的 A 、B、C和 D 項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Xian Xinghai was a very famous musician in China. He wrote one of the greatest pieces of music of the 20th century. In his short life he wrote

3、-1 300 songs and an opera.Xian was bom in Panyu, Guangdong, China in 1905. Because his father died before he was born, Xian moved from place to place with-2 mother. He began learning to play_ 3 violin when he was 20 years old. In the beginning, his violin was cheap and badly made that he_ 5 not play

4、 it well. His friends laughed at him. Xian did not stop6and soon showed his talent.In 1934, he was one of the first Chinese students_7 studied in a special music school in Paris. Before he 8 , Xian became the schools best student 9 won several prizes for his talents.In 1935, he returned to China and

5、 helped fight against the Japanese army. Later, he came to Yan'an 10music at a college. 11there were no pianos in Yan'an at that timeXian still wrote 12of his most important music there, including The Yellow River , hismost famous work.In May 1940, Xian 13 to the Soviet Union by the Chinese

6、Communist Party to write music for movies. In the Soviet Union, life was very14. Xian got sick and laterdied of a lung illness 15October 30, 1945, aged only 40. Xian's music, however, liveson in the people's hearts.1. A. nearB. nearlyC. nearbyD. nearer2. A. heB. himC. hisD. he's3. A. aB.

7、 anC. theD. this4. A. soB. suchC. veryD.much5. A. needB. mayC. shouldD.could6. A. practiceB. practicingC. to practiceD. practised7. A. whatB. whichC. whomD.who8. A. leaveB. leavesC. leftD.was leaving9. A. andB. butC. asD.or10. A. teachB. taughtC. teachingD.to teach11. A. IfB. AlthoughC. WhenD.Becaus

8、e12. A. anyB. littleC. fewD.some13. A sentB. was sentC. has sentD.was sending14. A hardB. harderC. hardestD.the hardest15. A. atB. inC. onD.by、完形填空 （共10小題；每小題 1.5分，滿分 15 分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從 1625各題所給的 A、B、C和 D 項中選出最佳選 項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Before graduating college, Jackie began to look for a job. She aimed a

9、t a famous company, but the 16for such jobs was very strong. The company Jackie chose planned to employonly one person, but more than twenty people applied for the job.17 , Jackie was one of thethree people invited for the final interview. The interview was very 18_ . The interviewer asked just a fe

10、w questions and it was all over in less than 10 minutes. Then the interviewer said to them, "All of you are very good. Please go home and19our response.”Three days later, Jackie received a message saying she would not be20 the job. Shefelt deeply disappointed. That evening. however she received

11、 another 21 . This time it said that she got the job.Jackie later found out that the first message sent to her phone was part of the interview-a22 to see if she was suitable for the job. All the three people received the_23 _text, butonly Jackie's reply 24 the company Of the three, one did not r

12、eply. The other said “ goodbye a”nd Jackie said “ thank you ”. This reply showed that Jackie was a/an 25 person, so the company offered her the job.16. A. examB. workC. competitionD. plan17.A. ThankfullyB. UnluckilyC. HopefullyD. Immediately18. A. longB. strictC. interestingD. simple19. A. pick upB.

13、 wait forC. deal withD. think of20. A. offeredB. returnedC. refusedD. shown21. A. letterB. e-mailC. callD. message22. A guideB. conversationC. testD. lesson23. A. sameB. otherC. secondD. whole24. A. reachedB. satisfiedC. helpedD. surprised25. A. braveB. cleverC. politeD. honest三、閱讀 （共兩節(jié) :滿分 45 分 ） 第

14、一節(jié) 閱讀理解 （共 20小題;每小題 2分,滿分 40 分）閱讀下列短文，從 2645各題所給的 A、B、C和 D 項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上 將該項涂黑。（A）For his eleventh birthday, Lin was given a gift that would shape his life. On that day his father took him to the Children 'Acst ivity Centre and said he could choose any course that interested him. There was jus

15、t one requirement: Lin would have to promise to study it for at least one year.To that point Lin had had many hobbies, but none kept his interest for more than a week or two. His mum once gave him a bag of stamps to encourage stamp collecting. That hobby lasted a week. Then his father got him some p

16、aints hoping that Lin's artistic side would shine through. Those paints were now under his bed, still unopened. This time Lin 'psa rents would let him decide.Lin's eyes moved down the noticeboard that listed all the courses on offer. He stopped at "Photography". He liked the id

17、ea of taking beautiful pictures but the notice said that each student needed their own camera. Although Lin's family weren't poor, they weren 'ritc h either, and a camera cost a lot of money. He continued looking.The next course to catch his eye was "Language Art". He didn'

18、 t even know what that .m eantHis father explained that it taught people how to make public speeches. Lin, a shy boy, could think of nothing worse.Then he saw it. "Cooking" sounded like something he'd like to do. It was inexpensive and convenient, it could be done alone and it was also

19、 creative.Based on Lin ' sh obby history, his dad had doubts, but he agreed. Much to his parents' surprise, Lin kept his promise. He studied cooking at the Centre every Saturday, and practised at home, making delicious meals for his family. Everyone looked forward to birthdays, when they cou

20、ld eat his cakes. Lin got great satisfaction from the pleasure his food brought to others.The months turned to years but his hobby never changed again.Now Lin is an adult and runs a successful restaurant. When customers say they enjoy his meal, he still gets the same pleasure he did as a child, and

21、remembers the special gift he received all those years ago.26. Why didn't Lin choose to study photography?A. It was too expensive.B. He had no interest in it.C. He was not very creative.D. It was not offered that term.27. The underlined expression "catch his eye" in Paragraph 4 means “

22、”.A. make him excitedB. cause him surpriseC. get his attentionD. help him see clearly28. Which of the following best describes Lin's interest in cooking?A. It only lasted for a short time.B. It seemed to match his character.C. It was forced on him by his parents.D. It developed slowly over many

23、months.29. Why did the father have doubts about Lin's choice of cooking?A. Lin wasn't good at cooking.B. Cooking wasn't very convenient.C. He didn ' t think Lin would continu.eD. Cooking wasn't a good hobby for a boy.30. What's the best title for the passage?A. A Strict Fathe

24、rB. A Changeable BoyC. The Fun of CookingD. The Birthday Gift（B）Experts believe that there are more than 8 million restaurants in the world today. So it might surprise you to learn that restaurants, as we know them, have only existed for a few centuries. Before 1765, there were no restaurants. That

25、is, there were no places that provided the restaurant experience. There was nowhere in which a waiter brought you food and drink that you picked from a menu. In fact, there were no menus anywhere.There were eating places travellers could go to centuries before that. The countryside was full of inns

26、that would serve food. And there were taverns where one could get drinks. The rich could also eat special meals prepared by private cooks. But none of them could be called a “ restaurant.A man called Boulanger changed that. In 1765, he opened a place in Paris that sold soups（ 湯 ）. On his sign he use

27、d the word "restaurant" to describe what he was selling. At that time, soups were considered something that could help "restore"（ 恢復(fù) ）your health- in French the word "restore" is “ restaurer- s”o he called the soups "restaurants". Soon, people started buying B

28、oulanger's soups even when they were not ill. And over time, people began to use the word "restaurant" to refer to a place selling soup rather than the soup itself. More "restaurants" opened in France, and people began to buy soups more often.Later, restaurants in Paris began

29、 to serve other food besides soup. In the 1790s, menus started to appear. By the mid-1800s, there were many types of restaurants throughout the world. The United States offered coffee shops. Tea houses became popular throughout China. Paris created beautiful restaurants for the rich. The British beg

30、an to copy the French, and the restaurant idea spread throughout the British Empire.Today cities are filled with all types of restaurants. Diners have millions of options from which to choose.31. What is the passage mainly about?A. How restaurants developedB. What made a good restaurant.C. Who creat

31、ed the first restaurantD. Why restaurants became popular.32. According to the first paragraph, what made restaurants different from earlier eating places?A. Restaurants only served foodB. Restaurants were more expensiveC. Restaurants were mainly in citiesD. Restaurants had a list of meal choices33.

32、Who did Boulanger expect to come and eat at his restaurant?A. Rich peopleB. Sick people.C. Travellers.D. Workers.34. When it was first used. what did the word "restaurant" refer to?A. A person.B. A place.C. Illness.D. Soup.35. When did restaurants begin to grow internationally?A. In the 16

33、00s.B. In the 1700s.C. In the 1800s.D. In the 1900s.Many people know that rubbish is a big problem on planet Earth. What many people don't know is that junk（ 垃圾 ）has become a problem in outer space too.According to BBC News, there are more than 22, 000 pieces of space junk floating around the ea

34、rth. And these are just the things that we can see from the surface of the earth by telescopes （ 望遠(yuǎn)鏡 ）. There are also millions of smaller pieces of junk that we can't see.Objects, like bits of old space rockets or satellites, move around the planet at very high speeds fast that even a very smal

35、l piece can break important satellites or become dangerous to astronauts. If the tiniest piece of junk crashed into a spaceship, it could damage the vehicle.To make things worse, when two objects in space crash, they break into many smaller pieces. For example, when a U.S. satellite hit an old Russi

36、an rocket in 2009, it broke into more than 2,000 pieces, increasing the amount of space junk.To reduce additional space junk, countries have agreed that all new space tools can only stay in space for 25 years at most. Each tool must be built to fall safely into the earth's atmosphere after that

37、time. In the upper parts of the atmosphere, it will burn up.Many scientists also suggesting different ways to clean up space junk. In England scientists are testing a metal net that can be fired into space junk. The net catches the junk and then pulls it into the earth's atmosphere to burn up. T

38、he Germans are building robots that can collect pieces of space junk and bring them back to Earth to be safely destroyed.The problem is becoming more challenging because we're sending more objects into space to help people use their mobile phones and computers, says Marco Ca”stronuovo, an Italia

39、n space Researcher.“ Thet ime to act is now. The longer we leave the problem, the bigger it will become, ”he says.36. What does the underlined word “ these in” Paragraph 2 refer to?A. Telescopes.B. Satellites.C. Pieces of space junk.D. BBC news reports.37. Why is space junk considered a problem?A. I

40、t buns up after it re-enters the atmosphereB. It often stops the view of telescopes on EarthC. It could force new space tools to travel at slower speedsD. It may crash into other space tools causing damage or deat38. Countries want future space tools to be able to fall back into the earth's atmo

41、sphere so that .A. the tools can be reused laterB. the tools don't become space junkC. the earth ' s atmosphere can stay cleanD. the effects of space flight can be studied39. How do the Germans plan to deal with space junk?A. Catch it with nets.B. Use robots to collect it.C. Burn it in the e

42、arth's atmosphere.D. Send it further away from the earth.40. In which section of the newspaper would you probably read this article?A. Environment.B. Local News.C. Education.D. Fashion.（D）Science for KidsThis month's most popular books1.Women in Science by Rachel Ignotofsky Price $25We all k

43、now the story of Marie Curie and her many scientific achievements. But many other brilliant female scientists are far less well known. This book is a great introduction to the lives and works of some of the most important and up-to-now unknown women in science. Recommended for Ages: 12-15 Order NowS

44、pecial OfferFor this month only, all BestbooksBook Clubmembers will pay 20% less for every book ordered. Join our club for free and save big money!2. First Big book of How by Jill Esbaum Price $15An excellent book about sea life for young children. The book is divided into 4 parts, one for each of t

45、he Pacific, Atlantic, Indian and Arctic oceans. It focuses on the different animals found in each of these seas, along with interesting facts and amazing pictures.Ages: 5-10 Order NowDeliveryWe bring every book you order night to our door within three days. For Bestbooks Book Club members this is fr

46、ee. Non-members must pay an extra $2 per book.3. A Really Short History of Nearly Everything by Bill BrysonPrice $15Bill Bryson takes readers on a very funny and educational trip through the history of modern science-from its unexpected successes to its great failures and everything in between. Ages

47、: 14 and over Order Now4. National Geographic's First Big Book of the World by Jan Carn.Price $20This book is the perfect introduction to the seven continents. It tells young readers aboutthe different animals that live on each of these lands and gives a simple description of the people's hi

48、story and culture.Ages: 5-12 Order Now41. How are the books on this webpage listed?A. By price.B. By popularity.C. By reader a'ges.D. By writer' s name.42. What is true about the book Women in Science?A. It is mainly about Marie Curie's history.B. It lists all the important scientific ac

49、hievements.C. It includes women scientists that aren.' t famousD. It is mostly about the development of modem science.43. How much will a Bestbooks Book Club member pay in total if he ordersFirst Big Bookof How and A Really Short History of Nearly Everything today?A. $34.B. $30.C. $26.D. $24.44.

50、 A primary school student who needs to write a science report about African elephants should choose .A. Women in scienceB. First Big Book of HowC. A Really Short History of Nearly EverythingD. National Geographic's First Big Book of the World45. What is the main purpose of this webpage?A. To sel

51、l books to young readers.B. To attract new book club members.C. To encourage students' interest in science.D. To review books young readers might like. 第二節(jié) 閱讀填空 （共 5 小題；每小題 1分，滿分 5 分）閱讀短文及文后 AE 選項，選出可以填入 4650 各題空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡 上將該項涂黑。Most of us think the telephone was invented by Alexander Graham

52、 Bell.46 fact, anItalian named Antonio Meucci was officially recognised（認(rèn)定 ）as the inventor a few years ago. Who is Meucci and why wasn't he known for his invention at the time?Antonio Meucci was born in Italy in 1808. He studied engineering and drawing. During his studies, Meucci started to exp

53、eriment with electricity. 47 When two places were connected with wire, people in those places could hear each other talk.In 1850, Meucci and his wife. Ester. moved to New York. Meucci was worried about his wife, because she had become very ill.48 To solve this problem, he connected metal cablesbetwe

54、en his home and his workshop. This way, they could talk to each other conveniently.Meucci invited a group of people to see his new invention. They listened in amazement as the voice of a singer was heard through the wires.49 Even worse, Meucci never applied for a patent （ 專利 ） on his invention. Mean

55、while, Alexander Graham Bell was working on the same idea and in 1876 the patent for the telephone was given to him.In 2002, more than a century after Meucci's death, his work was finally recognised by the government. 50A. He discovered that sound could travel through metal cables.B. However, he

56、 wasn' t the first person to think of the idea.C. Unfortunately, only a few people attended this talk.D. He will now be known all over the world as the telephone's inventor.E. He needed to keep in touch with her at all times.四、寫作 （共三節(jié) ;滿分 35 分 ）第一節(jié) 單詞拼寫 （共 6 小題；每小題 1分，滿分 6 分） 根據(jù)下列句子及所給單詞的首字母

57、寫出所缺單詞。在填寫答卷時,要求寫出完整單詞。（每空限填一詞 ）51. Please open the wand let some fresh air in.52. The kind boy was happy to shis food with the hungry man.53. To keep healthy, you should do sports and have a balanced d.54. Ncross the road when the traffic light is red.55. By reading 30 minutes a day, you can learn more words and iyour writing.56. The students are very h. They clean houses for the old people every weekend.第二節(jié) 完成句子 （共7小題;每小題 2分,滿分 14分）根據(jù)所給的漢語內(nèi)容，用英語完成下列句子。（每空限填一詞 ）57. 你沿絲綢之路旅游過嗎 ?ever along the Silk Road?58. 參觀廣州博物館對我們很有教育意