反義疑問句之大觀園

1、廈大附中高三英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)語法系列講座（八）綜述：疑問句的類型分類：四大類 一般疑問句-Do you like black? -Yes, I do. /No, I dont 特殊疑問句- Whats your favourite fruit? - I like pears. 選擇疑問句-Which one do you like, the banana or the orange?-I like the orange. 反義疑問句（即附加疑問句）(本節(jié)課重點(diǎn)本節(jié)課重點(diǎn))反意問句考點(diǎn)分析六大點(diǎn)：六大點(diǎn)：1、祈使句的反意問句；、祈使句的反意問句；2、簡單句的反義疑問句；、簡單句的反義疑問句；3、主從

2、復(fù)合句的反意問句；、主從復(fù)合句的反意問句；4、 I think +賓語從句的反意問句；賓語從句的反意問句；5、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的反意疑問句、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的反意疑問句6、幾種特殊規(guī)則、幾種特殊規(guī)則反義疑問句定義：在陳述句之后附加上一個(gè)簡短問句，對陳述句所敘述的事實(shí)提出相反的疑問，這種疑問句叫做反意疑問句。 基本構(gòu)成形式：基本構(gòu)成形式：1：陳述部分肯定式+疑問部分否定形式 They work hard, dont they? She was ill yesterday, wasnt she?2：陳述部分否定式+疑問部分肯定式 You didnt go, did you? He cant ride a

3、bike, can he?注意事項(xiàng)：1.在朗讀時(shí)，反意疑問句的前部分用降調(diào)，后部分在表疑問時(shí)用升調(diào)，在表強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)用降調(diào)。 Hes an engineer, isnt he? Its a fine day today, isnt it? 2.附加問句如果是否定式，一般應(yīng)用縮略形式 We need to practise speaking English more often, dont we? He ought to know what to do, oughtnt he?3.對反意疑問句的回答，肯定或否定要前后保持一致，即前面用“ yes ”，后面必須是肯定；前面用“no ”，后面必須是否定。

4、- She isnt a student, is she? - No, she isnt. / Yes, she is.4.在回答前否定（陳述句）+后肯定（簡略問句）的反意疑問句時(shí)，答語中“yes ”和“no”的翻譯恰好與漢語相反， -He isnt a pianist, is he? 他不是鋼琴家，是嗎？ -Yes , he is . (No, he isnt.) 不，他是鋼琴家。（對，他不是鋼琴家。）5.反意疑問句中問句部分的動(dòng)詞與陳述部分的動(dòng)詞種類要對應(yīng)一致。 He at home every day, ? They the matter, ? 6.反意疑問句中問句部分的動(dòng)詞在時(shí)態(tài)上應(yīng)和

5、陳述部分的時(shí)態(tài)一致。 They to town soon, ? He very hard, ?7.反意疑問句中問句部分主語一般和陳述部分的主語一致，但有例外現(xiàn)象，注意逐一觀察。反意疑問句的解答步驟反意疑問句的解答步驟Jack wasnt playing soccer, _ _?Their parents have gone to London, _?I have never been to the park, _ _？You have a good friend, _ _? We had a meeting, _ _? was hehavent theyhave Ididnt wedont y

6、ou1.含有含有be動(dòng)詞（動(dòng)詞（is, are, was, were）的句型：）的句型：現(xiàn)在：現(xiàn)在： 主語主語+is (are), isnt (arent) + 主語？主語？過去：過去： 主語主語+was (were),wasnt (werent) + 主語？主語？You are not students, _?The students are going to have a picnic,_?The Greens werent at home last night, _?are you arent theywere they簡單句的反義疑問句2. 一般動(dòng)詞(play, study, watc

7、h 等)句型：現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在 主語主語+play/plays, dont (doesnt) + 主語？主語？過去過去 主語主語+played, didnt + 主語？主語？ Your mother likes cooking, doesnt she?The plane took off an hour ago, didnt it?You have a good time, dont you?3. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞(can, will)的反意疑問句的反意疑問句主語主語+can/will , cant /wont + 主語？主語？Tom can swim very well, _?Your parent

8、s cant swim, _? All of your friends will come to your party, _?can theycant hewont they4. 完成時(shí)的反意疑問句完成時(shí)的反意疑問句主語主語+have/has+過去分詞過去分詞, havent (hasnt) + 主語？主語？He has been to America, ?Marry hasnt lived in the countryside, ?You havent been to Shanghai, ?hasnt hehas shehave you5.5.當(dāng)陳述句部分有當(dāng)陳述句部分有hardly, se

9、ldom, few, little, no, no one, nothing, nobody, never, nowhere ,nor, neithernor, tooto等否定詞或半否定詞時(shí)等否定詞或半否定詞時(shí), , 反意疑反意疑問句部分要用問句部分要用肯定肯定形式。形式。 It is impossible for him to make such a mistake, isnt it? Tom dislikes swimming ,doesnt he?His sister seldom argues with people, does she?She could nowhere find

10、his wallet, could he?He is neither a teacher nor a worker, is he? No one here can dance, can they / he?但: 當(dāng)陳述部分含有由當(dāng)陳述部分含有由 un, in , im, il, ir 等否定前綴構(gòu)成等否定前綴構(gòu)成的的 派生詞時(shí)，雖意思是派生詞時(shí)，雖意思是“不不”，但疑問部分仍要用否定，但疑問部分仍要用否定式。式。6、當(dāng)陳述部分的謂語動(dòng)詞是have時(shí)，有兩種情況: （1）have作作“有有”解時(shí)，反意疑問句部分可用解時(shí)，反意疑問句部分可用have或或do的適當(dāng)相應(yīng)形式呼應(yīng)。的適當(dāng)相應(yīng)形式呼應(yīng)。

11、His brother has a new bike, _he? （2）have用作其它意義的用作其它意義的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞（吃、患實(shí)義動(dòng)詞（吃、患-病、舉行病、舉行 等）等）時(shí)，反意疑問句部分只可用時(shí)，反意疑問句部分只可用do的適當(dāng)相應(yīng)形式呼應(yīng)。的適當(dāng)相應(yīng)形式呼應(yīng)。 You have lunch at school,_? Our school had a sports meet last month, _?You had a cold yesterday, _?dont youhasntdoesntdidnt itdidnt you7. 陳述句子中的主語為動(dòng)詞不定式短語、動(dòng)名詞短語或 主語從句時(shí)，疑

12、問部分的主語通常用it。 Where to hold the meeting has not been decided, _?Learning how to repair motors takes a long time, _? That he didnt pass the entrance exam made his parents veryangry, _?has itdoesnt itdidnt it8.并列句的反意疑問句其疑問部分一般與最接近的分并列句的反意疑問句其疑問部分一般與最接近的分句的謂語保持一致句的謂語保持一致We must start at once or we cant

13、go there on time, He is a teacher but his wife isnt a teacher, can we?is she?9. There be 句型的反意疑問句句型的反意疑問句There are 60 students in our class, _?There was nothing in the fridge,_?There will be a paper factory near my home in about 2 years,_?was therewont therearent thereThere is/are/will be, isnt/aren

14、t/wont there？10. 感嘆句感嘆句的反意疑問句一律使用否定式的反意疑問句一律使用否定式What a foolish child (he is), isnt he?What beautiful clothes (they are), arent they?11. 口語中，為加強(qiáng)語氣，表驚奇、懷疑、反感、諷刺口語中，為加強(qiáng)語氣，表驚奇、懷疑、反感、諷刺等感情而并不是為了尋求回答，這時(shí)前后兩部分的肯定、等感情而并不是為了尋求回答，這時(shí)前后兩部分的肯定、否定是一致的否定是一致的 Oh, he is a writer,_? Youll not go,_? is hewont you1、當(dāng)陳述

15、句部分有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must時(shí)，反意疑問部分有三種情況 1）must表示表示“禁止禁止”時(shí)即時(shí)即mustnt，反意疑問部分要，反意疑問部分要must 。 You mustnt stop your car here, 2）must表示表示“有必要有必要”時(shí)，反意疑問句部分要時(shí)，反意疑問句部分要neednt。 They must finish the work today, 3）當(dāng)）當(dāng)must用來表示用來表示“推測推測”時(shí)，意為時(shí)，意為“一定一定、必定必定” 對對現(xiàn)在的情況進(jìn)行現(xiàn)在的情況進(jìn)行“推測推測”時(shí)，反意疑問句部分要用時(shí)，反意疑問句部分要用“isnt / arent / dont /doesnt

16、 + 主語主語” He must be good at maths, must you?neednt they / dont they?isnt he?情態(tài)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的反意疑問句情態(tài)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成的反意疑問句對過去的情況進(jìn)行“推測” (must + have done)時(shí),若陳述部分有表過去的時(shí)間狀語，反意疑問句部分要用“wasnt / werent / didnt + 主語”；若陳述部分沒有表過去的時(shí)間狀語，反義疑問部分則用 “havent / hasnt + 主語”She must have read the novel last week, You must have told her abou

17、t it, didnt she?havent you? 對正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作進(jìn)行“推測”（must be doing）時(shí)，疑問部分用isnt / arent +主語Tom must be cleaning his room now, isnt he?2、帶帶情態(tài)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞daredare或或needneed的反意疑問句，疑問的反意疑問句，疑問部分常用部分常用 dare (need)dare (need) + +主語。主語。 We need not do it again, He dare not say so, 注意：當(dāng)dare, need 為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，疑問部分用助動(dòng)詞 do / does/

18、did + 主語。 She doesnt dare to go home alone, need we ?dare he?does she?3. 當(dāng)陳述部分的主謂語是當(dāng)陳述部分的主謂語是 I wish 時(shí)，附加部分用時(shí)，附加部分用may I 。注意前后兩部分用肯定形式。注意前后兩部分用肯定形式。I wish to fly to the moon, may I?4、請注意以下情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的句子的反義疑問句、請注意以下情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的句子的反義疑問句陳述部分 反義疑問部分ought to ought /shouldnthad better hadntwould rather wouldntwould lik

19、e to wouldntused to usednt / didnthave/has /had to dont/doesnt/didntYoud better finish your homework now, _ You would rather stay at home sleeping than go to the movies,_ We have to work from 8:00 a.m. to 5:30p.m, _The old man used to smoke,_ Youd like to go climbing,_ He ought to know the fact, _ha

20、dn t you?wouldt you?don t we?didnt/usednt he?wouldnt you?oughtnt/ shouldnt you?祈使句的反意問句祈使句的反意問句1. Lets與與let us的反意疑問句的反意疑問句Lets have a rest, _? (包括聽話者)Let us have a rest, _? (不包括聽話者)shall wewill you2. 祈使句的肯定形式，其反意問句表示祈使句的肯定形式，其反意問句表示“請求請求”時(shí)，通常時(shí)，通常用用will you；表示；表示“邀請、勸說、提醒注意邀請、勸說、提醒注意”時(shí)時(shí),用用wont you。Be

21、 sure to write to us, will you?Come to have dinner with us this evening, wont you?Mike, you take all these tables out of the next room, will you?Dont wait for me, will you?注意：let me / him后面的呼應(yīng)形式也用will you主從復(fù)合句的反意問句主從復(fù)合句的反意問句1.陳述句部分是主從復(fù)合句時(shí), 反意疑問句部分的代詞和助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與主句中的主語和動(dòng)詞保持一致。She says that I did it,_? I to

22、ld them not everybody could do it , _?This is the second time that he has been to Japan,_？He isnt the man who gave the secret away to me, _?It has been reported that the fire was caused by a careless worker, _?You neednt do that when your maid is here, ? When the car crashed, your brother escaped be

23、ing hurt, ? doesnt shedidnt Iisnt itis hehasnt itdidnt heis he2.以下幾個(gè)句型，附加疑問部分統(tǒng)統(tǒng)與主句呼應(yīng)以下幾個(gè)句型，附加疑問部分統(tǒng)統(tǒng)與主句呼應(yīng)This/It is the first/second-time that-clause, isnt it?It will be +時(shí)間段 before-clause, wont it?It is (high/about) time that-clause, isnt it?It is/has been +時(shí)間段 since-clause, isnt /hasnt it?It was +時(shí)

24、間點(diǎn)+when-clause, wasnt it? She says that I did it,_? I told them not everybody could do it , _?This is the second time that he has been to Japan,_？He isnt the man who gave the secret away to me, _?It has been reported that the fire was caused by a careless worker, _?You neednt do that when your maid

25、is here,_? When the car crashed, your brother escaped being hurt, _?doesnt shedidnt Iisnt itis hehasnt itIt was Mary and her husband who sent the old man to the hospital, wasnt?It must have been one day in September that I met him, wasnt itIt was not until yesterday that I knew the fact, was it?3.強(qiáng)調(diào)

26、句型的反義疑問部分用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的反義疑問部分用be動(dòng)動(dòng)詞適當(dāng)形式詞適當(dāng)形式+it 呼應(yīng)呼應(yīng)I think + +賓語從句的反意問句賓語從句的反意問句 當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是I/we，謂語是，謂語是think、believe、suppose、imagine、guess、expect、fancy、suspect等等這類動(dòng)詞后接賓語從句時(shí)，附加疑問部分這類動(dòng)詞后接賓語從句時(shí)，附加疑問部分則往往與則往往與從句中的主語和謂語動(dòng)詞從句中的主語和謂語動(dòng)詞保持對應(yīng)關(guān)系。若保持對應(yīng)關(guān)系。若陳述部分有注意否定轉(zhuǎn)移陳述部分有注意否定轉(zhuǎn)移 ，反義疑問部分用肯定形式，反義疑問部分用肯定形式I suppose

27、 you are not serious, ?I expect you will have a good time there, ?I dont believe he has finished, ? are youwont youhas he但：反意疑問句的陳述部分為但：反意疑問句的陳述部分為非第一人稱主語非第一人稱主語+ think (believe, suppose-) + that從句時(shí)，反義疑問部分的動(dòng)從句時(shí)，反義疑問部分的動(dòng)詞和主語與陳述部分的詞和主語與陳述部分的動(dòng)詞和主語動(dòng)詞和主語保持一致。保持一致。 all that English is very important,_? (不用isnt it?) that the news was true,_? (不用wasnt/ was it?)did hePractice:I think he will be back in an hour, _?I dont suppose he cares, _?Mary thinks