譯林小學(xué)英語(yǔ)六下6B英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)練習(xí)

1、一、概念現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作結(jié)構(gòu)：助動(dòng)詞be ( am / is / are ) +現(xiàn)在分詞.二、 現(xiàn)在分詞的構(gòu)成：1 .大多數(shù)動(dòng)詞后可在動(dòng)詞后直接加-ingEg: carry-carrying,catch-catching,drink-drinking, enjoy-enjoying hurry-hurrying ,do-doing , read-reading , think-thinking2 .如果動(dòng)詞以-e結(jié)尾,則去掉-e,再加-ing,如 come-coming , have-having , make-mak

2、ing,ride-riding,write-writing,take-taking,use-using 3 . 如果動(dòng)詞只有一個(gè)元音字母,而其后跟有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí),將此輔音字母雙寫(xiě),再加 -ing如： hit-hitting,let-letting, put-putting,run-running,sit-sitting 三、句型結(jié)構(gòu)：1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定形式、否定形式、疑問(wèn)形式及其回答,所有變化都體現(xiàn)在助動(dòng)詞be( is / am / are ) 上1)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定形式：主語(yǔ)+be(am/ is/are)+doing+其他成分I am singing . They are writing

3、 .2)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定形式:主語(yǔ) +be(am/ is/are)+not +doing+ 其他成分I am not singing . They aren t writing .3) 一般疑問(wèn)句及回答： be(am/ is/are)+主語(yǔ)+doing+其他成分Am I singing ? Yes ,you are . / No ,you aren t .Are they writing ? Yes ,they are . / No ,they aren t .4)特殊疑問(wèn)句及回答：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+be(am/ is/are)+主語(yǔ)+doing+其他成分What are you doing ? W

4、e are playing ( 要求就提問(wèn)內(nèi)容具體回答).2 . 縮寫(xiě)形式如下:I am- I m You ar-e-You re He is-He sShe is-She sIt is- It s We a-r-e-We re They are-They re3 .說(shuō)明: 不是所有動(dòng)詞都能用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的,如：see、 like、 want、 know 等動(dòng)詞往往都不用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)四用法：1.表示現(xiàn)在( 指說(shuō)話人說(shuō)話時(shí)) 正在發(fā)生的事情往往與 now,at the moment,just 等副詞連用,以示強(qiáng)調(diào)We are waiting for you. What are you doing?

5、Some one ksinkgnaotcthe door 一 .用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)完成下列句子:1. you(fly) a kite? Yes,.2. you(sit) in the boat?3. he(talk) with me?4. We(play) football now.5. Whatyou(do)?6. I(sing) an English song.7. Whathe(mend)?8. He(mend) a car.9. These boys (play) tennis on the playground.10. My mother(cook) in the kitchen.11.

6、We can t help you,because we (ha)cvleasses.12. the boy (write) his homework?13. Look! These butterflies (fly) in the sky.14. Listen! The girl (sing) in the next room.15. The naughty boy (swim) in the river. 選擇1. Look. Lucy isa new bike today.A. jumping B. running C. riding D takeing2. The children f

7、ootball.A. is playing B. are playing C. play the D. play a3. They TV in the evening. They do their homework.A. are watching B. can t watching4. Listen! Shein the classroom.A. is singing B. sing C .to sing5. are you eating? I m eating _C. don t watch D. don t watchingD. is singmeat.A. What,some B. Wh

8、ich,any C. Where,not D. What,a6. Is she something?A. eat B. eating C. eatting D. eats7. Look! The childrenbasketball on the playground.A. plays B. played C. is playing D. are playing 一、名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則1. 一般情況下，直接加 -s,如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2以s. x. sh. ch 結(jié)尾，加-es ，如： bus-buses, box-boxes, br

9、ush-brushes,watch-watches3 .以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es,如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries4 .以“f或fe ”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v,冉加-es ,如：knife-knives5不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：man-men, woman-women, mouse-mice child-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teeth,fish-fish,sheep-sheep, deer-deer, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese,寫(xiě)

10、出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù)I him _this her watch photo _peach_boxdaybook_ dress strawberrymanwoman_ child _ sheep foottooth_、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本用法介紹【 No. 1 】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如： The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。2 .表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：I get up at six every day. 我每天六點(diǎn)起床。3 .表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如： The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成1 . be動(dòng)

11、詞：主語(yǔ) +be(am,is,are)+其它。如： I am a boy.我是一個(gè)男孩。2 .行為動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞(+其它)。如：We study English. 我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。 注意：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,it)時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞后加"-s"如： Mary likes Chinese. 瑪麗喜歡漢語(yǔ)。 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化1 . be動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語(yǔ)+ be + not + 其它。如： He is not a worker. 他不是工人。一般疑問(wèn)句：Be +主語(yǔ)+其它。如： -Are you a student?-Yes. I am. / No, I&

12、#39;m not.特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如：Where is my bike?2 .行為動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語(yǔ)+ don't( doesn't ) + 動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如：I don't like bread. 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用doesn't 構(gòu)成否定句。如：He doesn't often play.一般疑問(wèn)句：Do( Does ) + 主語(yǔ) +動(dòng)詞原形+其它。如：- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does 構(gòu)

13、成一般疑問(wèn)句。如：- Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+ 一般疑問(wèn)句。如：How does your father go to work?動(dòng)詞 +s 的變化規(guī)則1. 一般情況下，直接加 -s,如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2. 以 s. x. sh. ch. o 結(jié)尾，力口 -es,女口： guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3.以輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es,如：study-s

14、tudies 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法專練:一、 寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)drink go make teachlook havedocome watchfly 二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. He often (have) dinner at home.3. Daniel and Tommy (be) in Class One.4. We (not watch) TV on Monday.5. Nick (not go) to the zoo on Sunday.6. they (like) the World Cup?7. What they often (do) on Saturdays

15、?8. your parents (read) newspapers every day?9. The girl (teach) us English on Sundays.10. She and I (take) a walk together every evening.11. There (be) some water in the bottle.12. Mike (like) cooking.13. They (have) the same hobby.14. My aunt (look) after her baby carefully.15. You always (do) you

16、r homework well.16. I (be) ill. I nmbsetda.ying i17. She (go) to school from Monday to Friday.18. Liu Tao (do) not like PE.19. The child often (watch) TV in the evening.20. Su Hai and Su Yang (have) eight lessons this term.21. What day (be) it today?It ' Saturday.三、按照要求改寫(xiě)句子1. Daniel watches TV e

17、very evening.( 改為否定句)2. I do my homework every day.( 改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答)3. She likes milk.( 改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作肯定回答)4. Amy likes playing computer games.( 改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答)5. We go to school every morning.( 改為否定句)6. He speaks English very well.( 改為否定句)7. I like taking photos in the park.( 對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))8. John comes from Ca

18、nada.(對(duì)戈U線部分提問(wèn))9. She is always a good student.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答)10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.( 改為否定句)五、改錯(cuò)(劃出錯(cuò)誤的地方，將正確的寫(xiě)在橫線上)1. Is your brother speak English? 2. Does he likes going fishing? 3. He likes play games after class. 4. Mr. Wu teachs us English.5. She don t do her homework on Sunda

19、ys. 四、將來(lái)時(shí)理論及練習(xí)一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tomorrow, next day（week, month,year ）,soon, the day after tomorrow （后天）等。二、基本Z構(gòu)： be going to + do ; will+ do.三、否定句：在be 動(dòng)詞（ am, is, are） l 后加 not 或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will 后加 not 成 wont 。例如：I'm going to have a picnic this afternoon. f I ' m not going

20、 to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑問(wèn)句： be或will提到句首，some改為any, and改為or,第一二人稱互換。例如： We are going to go on an outing this weekend. f Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?五、對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)。一般情況，一般將來(lái)時(shí)的對(duì)劃線部分有三種情況。1 .問(wèn)人。Who 例如：I' m going to New York soon.fWho' s going to New York soon.2 .問(wèn)干什么。

21、What do例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. f What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3 .問(wèn)什么時(shí)候。 When.例如： She' s going to go tbed at nine. When is she going to bed?六、同義句：be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow （明天）. = I will go swimming tomor

22、row.練習(xí)：填空。1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。Ihave a picnic with my friends.I have a picnic with my friends.2. 下個(gè)星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打籃球。What next Monday?I play basketball.What you do next Monday? I play basketball.3. 你媽媽這個(gè)周末去購(gòu)物嗎？是，她要去買(mǎi)一些水果。your mother go shopping this ?Yes, she . She buy some fruit.4. 你們打算什么時(shí)候見(jiàn)面。What time y

23、ou meet?改句子。5. Nancy is going to go camping. （改否定）Nancy going to go camping.6. I ' ll go and join themC否定）I go join them.7. I ' m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow改一般疑問(wèn)句） to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30. （改一般疑問(wèn)句）meet at the bus stop at 10:30.9. She is going

24、 to listen to music after school. (對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)) she after school?10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.( 同上 ) going to see a play the day after tomorrow.用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。11. Today is a sunny day. We (have) a picnic this afternoon.12. My brother (go) to Shanghai next week.13.

25、 Tom often (go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He(go) to school by bike.14. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually (watch) TV and(catch) insects?15. It s Friday today. What she (do) this weekend? She(watch) TV and (catch) insects.16. What (d0) you do last Sunday? I (pick) apples on afa

26、rm.What (do) next Sunday? I (milk) cows.17. Mary (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.18. Liu Tao (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.19. David (give) a puppet show next Monday.20. I (plan) for my study now五、一般過(guò)去時(shí)1一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。一般過(guò)去時(shí)也表示過(guò)去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作感謝。2 Be 動(dòng)詞在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中的變化：am 和i

27、s在一般過(guò)去日中變?yōu)?was。(was not=wasn')tare在一般過(guò)去日中變?yōu)閣ere。 (were not=weren')t帶有was或were的句子，其否定、 疑問(wèn)的變化和is, am, are一樣，即否定句在 was或were后加not, 一般疑問(wèn)句把was 或 were 調(diào)到句首。3 .句中沒(méi)有be動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子否定句：didn ' t動(dòng)詞原形，如： Jim didn ' t go home yesterday.一般疑問(wèn)句：在句首加 did,句子中的動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變回原形。如： Did Jim go home yesterday?特殊疑問(wèn)句：

28、疑問(wèn)詞 +did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形？如： What did Jim do yesterday?疑問(wèn)詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)：疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式？如： Who went to home yesterday?動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變化規(guī)則：1 . 一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加 -ed,如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked2 .結(jié)尾是 e 力口 d,如：taste-tasted-ed,如:3末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫(xiě)末尾的輔音字母，再加stop-stopped4.以 輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變 y為i,再加-ed,如：study-studied5不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式：am,is-was, are-we

29、re, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went,come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode,speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí)寫(xiě)出下列動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式isamfly_ plant_ are drinkplay_ go

30、_ make doesdance_worry_ask tasteeatdraw_put throwkickpass_ do Be 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí)（2）Name No. Date 一、用 be 動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. I an English teacher now.2. She happy yesterday.3. They glad to see each other last month.4. Helen and Nancy good friends.5. The little dog two years old this year.6. Look, there lots of grap

31、es here.7. There a sign on the chair on Monday.8. Today the second of June. Yesterday the first of June. It Childrenstudents very excited.二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. There was a car in front of the house just now.否定句：一般疑問(wèn)句：肯、否定回答：肯、否定回答：三、漢譯英1我的故事書(shū)剛才還在手表旁邊。2他們的外套上個(gè)星期放在臥室里了。3一會(huì)以前花園里有兩只小鳥(niǎo)。過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法和結(jié)構(gòu)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)主要表示：在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)

32、行的動(dòng)作( a) They were eating breakfast at 7:00 am yesterday .( b ) I was writing a letter at this time yesterday .在過(guò)去某一階段一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作( a) From 1983 to 1998 , he was teaching at Yale .( b ) They were building a dam last winter .過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的句式( 1 )基本結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were + verb-ing( 2)否定式：was/were not + verb-ingwas not = wa

33、sn t were not = weren t( 3)疑問(wèn)句：將was/were 調(diào)到主語(yǔ)前( 4) I/he/she/it was + verb-ing you/we/they were + verb-ing過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)中，連詞while, when 的使用。1 )當(dāng)兩個(gè)延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生，我們可以在兩個(gè)句子中都用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，并用while 做連接。I was watching TV while he was doing his homework. 他在做家庭作業(yè)的時(shí)候，我正在看電視。You were playing football while they were having lesson

34、s. 他們?cè)谏险n的時(shí)候，你們正在踢足 球。2)當(dāng)一個(gè)較長(zhǎng)的動(dòng)作進(jìn)行時(shí)，還有某個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生了，我們用when, while 連接兩個(gè)動(dòng)作。我們用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示較長(zhǎng)的動(dòng)作，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示較短的動(dòng)作。When we arrived, she was making some coffee. 當(dāng)我們到達(dá)的時(shí)候，她正在做咖啡。He came in while I was having lunch. 當(dāng)我吃午飯的時(shí)候，他進(jìn)來(lái)了。我們通常用while, when 連接兩個(gè)句子，然而，我們通常用when 引導(dǎo)較短的動(dòng)作，用while引導(dǎo)較長(zhǎng)的動(dòng)作。一、用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空1. I (have) supper

35、 at half past six yesterday evening.2. Mary (go) over her lessons from six to seven last night.3. What you _ (do) at that time? We (watch) TV .4. When I was young, I (want) to be a bus driver.5. My brother came into the bedroom while I (dance).6. they (have) a meeting at 4 yesterday afternoon?No, th

36、ey . They (clean) the classroom.7. it (rain) when you left school? Yes, it . (No, it .)8. What your father (do) when he was your age?9. One day, Edison (wait) for a train to arrive, and suddenly a little boy ran to the track( 軌道 ) to play.10. he (lie) on the ground at nine yesterday evening?11. What

37、 Jim (write) when the teacher came in?二、單選題1. I cooked a meal when you me.a. cooked, were ringing b. was cooking, rangc. was cooking, were ringing d. cooked, rang2. He said he to draw a plane on the blackboard at that time.a. tries b. tried c. was trying d. will try3. While she TV, she a sound outsi

38、de the room.a. was watching, was hearing b. watched, was hearingc. watched, heardd. was watching, heard4. They a football game from 7 to 9 last night.a. were watching b. watch c. watched d. are watching5. What book you when I you at four yesterday afternoon?a. did, read, was seeingb. did, read, sawc

39、. were, reading, sawd. were, reading, was seeing6. It was Friday evening. Mr and Mrs. Green ready to fly to England.a. are getting b. get c. were gettingd. got7. A girl my pen fall off the table when she me.a. saw, passed b. was seeing, passed c. was seeing, passed d. was seeing, was passing8. We fo

40、r tom at ten last Sunday. He often kept us.a. were waiting, waiting b. were waiting, wait c. waited, waiting d. waited, wait9. He his father on the farm the whole afternoon last Saturday.a. helps b. would help c. was helping d. is helping10. While mother some washing, I a kite for Kate.a. did, made

41、b. was doing, made c. was doing, was making d. did, was making11. He some cooking at that time, so mea. did, heard b. did, didn ' t （tiewas doing, heard d. was doing, didn ' t hear12. This time yesterday jack his bike. He TVa. repaired, didn ' t watch b. was repairing, watchedc. repaired

42、, watchedd. was repairing, wasn ' t watching一、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成（一）肯定式主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞 have /has +過(guò)去分詞+ 其它說(shuō)明：這里的have /has是助動(dòng)詞，沒(méi)有什么具體意義。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)助動(dòng)詞用has,其余人稱一律用have。has, have的縮略式分別為s或've。規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞的構(gòu)成與過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成方式一樣，不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞可參看不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表。實(shí)例：1） I've just copied all the new words .我剛抄寫(xiě)了所有的生詞。（表示不要再抄了）2） She has lost her

43、books .她丟失了她的書(shū)。（表示到目前為止還沒(méi)有找到）（如果用過(guò)去時(shí)：She lost her books .則強(qiáng)調(diào)書(shū)是過(guò)去丟的這一動(dòng)作，而不知現(xiàn)在有沒(méi)有找到）3） We've just cleaned the classroom .我們剛好打掃了教室。（表明現(xiàn)在教室是干凈的）（二）否定式主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞 have /has+ not + 過(guò)去分詞+ 其它說(shuō)明：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)構(gòu)成否定句時(shí)，只需在助動(dòng)詞 have /has后面加not就行。have not, has not的縮略 式分別為haven't , hasn't。另外，肯定句中有 some, already時(shí)，改為否

44、定時(shí)要分別改成 any, yet。實(shí) 例：1） I haven't finished my homework yet .我還沒(méi)有完成我的作業(yè)。2） She hasn't travelled on a train .她沒(méi)有坐火車(chē)旅行過(guò)。3） We have never spoken to a foreigner.我們從來(lái)沒(méi)有和外國(guó)人說(shuō)過(guò)話。注：有時(shí)not可以用never代替，表示 從來(lái)沒(méi)有”的意思。又如：4） I have never seen him before .以前我從來(lái)沒(méi)有見(jiàn)過(guò)他。（三）一般疑問(wèn)式助動(dòng)詞Have /Has +主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞+其它？說(shuō)明：把陳述句中的 ha

45、ve或has放到句首，句末打問(wèn)號(hào)，同時(shí)把句中的some , already改為any , yet就構(gòu)成了一般疑問(wèn)句。 肯定回答用 "Yes,主語(yǔ)+ have/has.否定回答用"No主語(yǔ)+ haven't/hasn't." 有時(shí)也可以用 “No not yet. /No , never. / No, not even once.”等。實(shí)例：1） Have you ever made dumplings ?你曾經(jīng)做過(guò)餃子嗎？Yes , I have .是的，我做過(guò)。2） Has she ever been abroad ?她曾經(jīng)出過(guò)國(guó)嗎？ No, n

46、ever.不，從來(lái)沒(méi)有。3） Have they found the lost books yet?他們已經(jīng)找到了丟失的書(shū)嗎？Yes , they have .是的，他們找到了。注意：當(dāng)句中有否定詞not , hardly （幾乎不），never的時(shí)候，在改為反意疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，附加部分用肯定形式。例如： You have never come to our school , have you ?你以前從來(lái)沒(méi)有來(lái)過(guò)我們學(xué)校，是 嗎？ 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的 完成用法”和 朱完成用法”一、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)：助動(dòng)詞 have / has +動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 （Past Participle ）其中have / ha

47、s為助動(dòng)詞，因而它的否定和疑問(wèn)句形式全部由have / has進(jìn)行變化。例如：a. He has already finished his homework.他已經(jīng)做完了家庭作業(yè)。否定句：（already用于肯定句中，改成否定和疑問(wèn)句時(shí)用yet , 一般放句末）一般疑問(wèn)句：?b. His father has been to Beijing three times.他父親去過(guò)北京三次了。否定句：. 一般疑問(wèn)句：? 提問(wèn)：? 二、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的“完成用法”A、定義：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的“完成用法"指的是動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻并已結(jié)束，但該動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生了影響，與現(xiàn)在情況具有因果關(guān)系。例如：He

48、has turned off the light.他已把燈關(guān)了。（動(dòng)作結(jié)束于過(guò)去，但說(shuō)明的是現(xiàn)在的情況-燈現(xiàn)在不亮了。）B、特點(diǎn)：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)"完成用法”的特點(diǎn)是動(dòng)作不延續(xù)，因此，該時(shí)態(tài)只能與表示不定的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)（如：already, yet, before, recently等）、頻度時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)（如：never, ever, once等）、包括現(xiàn)在時(shí)刻 在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)（如：this morning / month /year，today等）連用。例如： Have you found your pen yet?你已找到你的鋼筆了嗎？請(qǐng)嘗試著做以下的練習(xí)用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. I

49、 already (see) the film. I(see) it last week .2. he(finish) his work today ? Not yet .3. you(be) to Hong Kong ? -Yes, I(be) there twice .4. you ever(eat ) chocolate sundaes ?No, never.5. My father just(come) back from work. He is tired now.6. Where Li Ming ? He(go) to the teacher office.' s7. Shanghai(be) a small town hundreds of years ago . Now it (become) a large city.8. So far (至U 目前為止 )I(make) quite a few friends here.9. - I(see) the film" Chicken Run ".-Where and when you(see) it? - Last week.10. Mary alread