直接引語和間接引語課件(詳細(xì))

1、Direct speech 直接引語和間接引語直接引語和間接引語& indirect speech直接引語直接引語 (第一人稱第一人稱)間接引語間接引語(與主句主語的人稱一致與主句主語的人稱一致)John said, “I have worked out the problem.”John said that he had worked out the problem.直接引語變成間接引語時(shí)，直接引語變成間接引語時(shí)，人稱代詞人稱代詞會(huì)會(huì)發(fā)生相應(yīng)的變化。發(fā)生相應(yīng)的變化。直接引語直接引語 (第二人稱第二人稱)間接引語間接引語(與主句賓語的人稱一致與主句賓語的人稱一致)I asked her

2、, “Will you go or not?”I asked her whether she would go or not.直接引語直接引語 (第三人稱第三人稱)間接引語間接引語(第三人稱第三人稱)The teacher said, “Tom doesnt like sport.”The teacher said that Tom didnt like sport.由直接引語轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殚g接引語由直接引語轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殚g接引語,有時(shí)會(huì)引起有時(shí)會(huì)引起時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)的變化的變化, 注意以下幾個(gè)方面注意以下幾個(gè)方面:直接引語直接引語(變化前變化前)間接引語間接引語(變化后變化后)主句動(dòng)詞為一般現(xiàn)在主句動(dòng)詞為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

3、或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)She often says, “All men and women are equal under the law.”從句動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)不變從句動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)不變She often says that all men and women are equal under the law.直接引語直接引語(變化前變化前)間接引語間接引語(變化后變化后)主句主句動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞為一為一般過般過去時(shí)去時(shí)從句動(dòng)詞為從句動(dòng)詞為: 從句從句動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)相應(yīng)相應(yīng)變化變化從句動(dòng)詞變?yōu)閺木鋭?dòng)詞變?yōu)?一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)“I know it,” he said.一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)He said tha

4、t he knew it. 直接引語直接引語(變化前變化前)間接引語間接引語(變化后變化后)主句主句動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞為一為一般過般過去時(shí)去時(shí)從句動(dòng)詞為從句動(dòng)詞為:從句從句動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)相應(yīng)相應(yīng)變化變化從句動(dòng)詞變?yōu)閺木鋭?dòng)詞變?yōu)?現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)“Im making coffee for Mary,” she said.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)She said she was making coffee for Mary. 直接引語直接引語(變化前變化前)間接引語間接引語(變化后變化后)主句主句動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞為一為一般過般過去時(shí)去時(shí)從句動(dòng)詞為從句動(dòng)詞為:從句從句動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)相應(yīng)相應(yīng)變化變化從句動(dòng)詞變?yōu)閺木?/p>

5、動(dòng)詞變?yōu)?現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)“I have seen her before,” said he. 過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)He said he had seen her before. 直接引語直接引語(變化前變化前)間接引語間接引語(變化后變化后)主句主句動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞為一為一般過般過去時(shí)去時(shí)從句動(dòng)詞為從句動(dòng)詞為:從句從句動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)相應(yīng)相應(yīng)變化變化從句動(dòng)詞變?yōu)閺木鋭?dòng)詞變?yōu)?一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)“I saw her in the park,” he said.過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)He said he had seen her in the park. 直接引語直接引語(變化前變化前)間接引語間接

6、引語(變化后變化后)主句主句動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞為一為一般過般過去時(shí)去時(shí)從句動(dòng)詞為從句動(dòng)詞為:從句從句動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)相應(yīng)相應(yīng)變化變化從句動(dòng)詞變?yōu)閺木鋭?dòng)詞變?yōu)?過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)“Rick had been ill in bed for many days till he died?” Jack told me.過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)Jack told me that Rick had been ill in bed for many days till he died. 直接引語直接引語(變化前變化前)間接引語間接引語(變化后變化后)主句主句動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞為一為一般過般過去時(shí)去時(shí)從句動(dòng)詞為從句動(dòng)詞為:從句從句

7、動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)相應(yīng)相應(yīng)變化變化從句動(dòng)詞變?yōu)閺木鋭?dòng)詞變?yōu)?一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)He said: “We will start soon.”過去將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)He said they would start soon.當(dāng)主句動(dòng)詞為一般過去時(shí)，直接引語變當(dāng)主句動(dòng)詞為一般過去時(shí)，直接引語變間接引語間接引語, 時(shí)態(tài)要發(fā)生變化時(shí)態(tài)要發(fā)生變化:一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)一般將來時(shí)一般將來時(shí)一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)由直接引語轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殚g接引語

8、由直接引語轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殚g接引語,下列情況下列情況時(shí)態(tài)不變時(shí)態(tài)不變:1. 不變的真理不變的真理 The teacher said, “Water freezes when the temperature falls below 0.” The teacher said that water freezes when the temperature falls below 0.2. 經(jīng)常的習(xí)慣：經(jīng)常的習(xí)慣： He said, “I smoke two packs every day.” He said that he smokes two packs every day.3. 歷史事件：歷史事件： Th

9、e teacher said, “World War ended in 1945.” The teacher said that World War ended in 1945.4. 名言、諺語：名言、諺語： She said: “Where there is a will, there is a way.” She said where there is a will, there is a way.直接引語直接引語 (變化前變化前)間接引語間接引語(變化后變化后)陳述句陳述句Jane said to Rose, “Im very fond of traveling.”that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句

10、引導(dǎo)的賓語從句Jane told Rose that she was very fond of traveling. 陳述句轉(zhuǎn)換陳述句轉(zhuǎn)換 星級(jí)知識(shí)星級(jí)知識(shí) 主句謂語動(dòng)詞主句謂語動(dòng)詞“said to sb.”, 常改為常改為told sb.直接引語直接引語 (變化前變化前)間接引語間接引語(變化后變化后)一般一般/選擇選擇/反意疑反意疑問句問句“Is this your umbrella, Mary?” said John.whether/if 引導(dǎo)的賓引導(dǎo)的賓語從句語從句John asked Mary if that was her umbrella.一般一般/選擇選擇/反意疑問句反意疑問句

11、 星級(jí)知識(shí)星級(jí)知識(shí)主句謂語動(dòng)詞主句謂語動(dòng)詞said to sb., 改為改為asked sb.直接引語直接引語 (變化前變化前)間接引語間接引語(變化后變化后)特殊疑問句特殊疑問句“Mary, when will you return me the book?” asked John.wh-詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句John asked Mary when she would return him the book.特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)換特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)換 星級(jí)知識(shí)星級(jí)知識(shí)疑問語序要變成陳述語序疑問語序要變成陳述語序1. “I like reading adventure stories,” sai

12、d John. John said that he liked reading adventure stories.2. “I dont like computers,” Sarah said to her friend. Sarah told her friends that she didnt like computers.Exercise I3. “Ann, have you seen my blue notebook?” Peter asked. Peter asked Ann if she had seen his blue notebook.4. “How can you do t

13、hat?” Mary said to Ann. Mary asked Ann how she could do that.5. “What difference does it make?” Peter asked Jim. Peter asked Jim what difference it made.1. Jack said to me, “You look worried today.” Jack told me that _ worried _. A. he lookstoday B. you looktoday C. we lookedthat day D. I lookedthat

14、 dayExercise II2. We said to her, “Theyre walking through the street now.” We told her that _ through the street _. A. we were walkingthen B. you are walkingnow C .they were walkingthen D. they walkingnow 3. Mr Black said, “I have walked a long way this week.” Mr Black said that _ a long way _. A. I

15、 had walkedlast week B. he had walkedthat week C. I walkedlast week D. he has walkedthis week4. The man thought, “I shall take it back tomorrow.” The man thought that _ take it back _. A. I shalltomorrow B. I shallthe next day C. he shouldtomorrow D. he would the next day 5. They said to us, “Are yo

16、u afraid to leave this house ?” They asked us _ afraid to leave _ house. A. that were wethis B. that we werethat C. if were we this D. if we werethat6. Jane said, “What did he hear about a week ago?” Jane asked _ about _. A. that he hearda week ago B. what he had heardthe week before C. what he had

17、herd a week ago D. if he heardthe week ago7. She asked, “Whose house will he break into next time ?” She asked whose house _ break into _. A. will henext time B. would hethe next time C. he wouldthe next time D. he willnext time 8. Jack said to her, “Where do you spend your holidays?” Jack asked her where _ holidays. A. she spent her B. you spend your C. she spend her D. you spent your9. Black asked me, “ Why havent you left here yet?” Bl