浙江省甌海區(qū)三溪中學(xué)高考英語語法復(fù)習(xí) 虛擬語氣經(jīng)典講解課件 新人教版.ppt

1 英語動詞有三種語氣 陳述語氣 祈使語氣和虛擬語氣 2 定義 用來表示說的話不是事實 或者是不可能發(fā)生或可能性比較小的情況 而是一種愿望 建議 假設(shè)的語氣叫虛擬語氣 一 虛擬語氣定義 二 虛擬語氣的考點1 一般條件句中虛擬語氣的用法 條件句中虛擬語氣的倒裝 2 名詞性從句中虛擬語氣的用法 3 幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中虛擬語氣用法 1 一般條件句中的虛擬語氣 1 ifiwereyou iwouldgiveaidspatientahug 2 ifihadtakenyouradvice iwouldn thavemadeamistake 3 ifitshouldraintomorrow theywouldn tgoforanouting 與現(xiàn)在事實相反 與過去事實相反 與未來事實相反 ifiwereyou i buythehouserightnow a won tb don tc wouldn td can t2 morecareful hisshipwouldnothavesunk a ifthecaptainwereb ifthecaptainhadbeenc shouldthecaptainbed ifthecaptainwouldhavebeen3 ifhe metomorrow iwouldlethimknow a shouldcallb shouldnothavebeenablec werenotabled arenotable b c a 條件句中虛擬語氣的倒裝 假設(shè)條件虛擬倒裝 條件從句中含有should were had三個助動詞并且放在句首時 可以把if省略 ifiwereyou iwouldgiveitup wereiyou iwouldgiveitup ifihadhadtime iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain hadihadtime iwouldhaverunroundthatlakeagain ifthereshouldbeaflood whatshouldwedo shouldtherebeaflood whatshouldwedo 三 虛擬語氣假設(shè)條件句型注意點 1 假設(shè)條件從句謂語動詞發(fā)生的時間與主句所假設(shè)的謂語動詞不一致 叫做錯綜條件虛擬語氣 主句和從句的謂語動詞要依照假設(shè)的時間而定 iftheweatherhadbeenfiner thecropswouldbegrowingstillbetter ifyouhadfollowedtheteacher sadvice youwouldn tbeinthehospital 2 名詞性從句的虛擬語氣 主要是表示命令 要求 建議的虛擬語氣 賓語從句 常見動詞 一個堅持 insist兩個命令 order command四個建議 advise suggest propose recommend四個要求 demand require request ask 這些動詞后面的賓語從句要使用虛擬語氣用法 即從句中的動詞使用should 動詞原形 或者將should省略 我們建議tom去休息一下 他堅決要求我到場 國王命令囚犯明天要實施死刑 他們要求我們派他們?nèi)ツ莾汗ぷ?wesuggestedthattom should havearest heinsistedthati should bepresent thekingorderedthattheprisoners should besentencedtodeaththenextday theyrequestedthatwe should sendthemtoworkthere 以上動詞相應(yīng)的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句 包括主語從句 表語從句和同位語從句 也要使用虛擬語氣 從句中的動詞形式一樣 order advice suggestion proposal demand request desire it ssuggestedthattheplanbecarriedout mydemandisthatsheshouldcometoseemeonceaweek allofusarefortheadvicethatthechemicalfactoryshouldbecloseddown 4 幾種特殊結(jié)構(gòu)中虛擬語氣的用法 1 wish 賓語從句 現(xiàn)在 過去 未來 過去時 did were 過去完成時 haddone would could might v should iwishiwereabird iwishihadn tmadesuchamistake wewishourparentswouldn tpunishus 2 wouldratherthat 現(xiàn)在 過去 未來 iwouldratheryoupaidmenow iwouldratheryouhadgone too don tcome iwouldratheryoucametomorrow 過去時 過去時 過去完成時 3 asif though 從句 現(xiàn)在 過去 過去時 過去完成時 helooksasifheweredrunk theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson itseemsasifitwerespring irememberthewholethingasifithadhappenedyesterday 4 it shightime that should v 過去時 你該走了 我們該睡覺了 it shightimethatyouwent it shightimethatyouweregoing it shightimethatyoushouldgo it stimethatwewenttobed it stimethatweshouldgotobed 5 without otherwise butfor構(gòu)成虛擬 withoutsunlight people slifewouldbedifferentfromtoday butforyourhelp iwouldn thavefinishedthework butforwater itwouldbeimpossibletoliveinthedesert shewasn tfeelingverywell otherwiseshewouldn thaveleftthemeetingsoearly 6 ifonly 要是 就好了 ifonlyiknewhisname ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice ifonlyicouldseehimagain 要是我沒錯過火車就好了 ifonlyihadn tmissedthetrain 經(jīng)典題目1 ifyou himyesterday you whattodonow asked wouldknowhadasked wouldhaveknownc askedhim knowd hadasked wouldknow2 asfarastheriverbank hewouldhaveseenthebeautifulscenery a bobhadwalkedfartherb ifbobshouldwalkfartherc hadbobwalkedfartherd ifbobwalkedfarther c d 3 howiwisheveryfami