七年級上冊英語重點、難點知識總結.doc

：（Starter）Unit 1.1. Good morning / afternoon / evening. 早上好/ 下午好 / 晚上好。 2. How are you! 你好嗎？ / How is your mother? 你的媽媽好嗎？Im fine / OK, thanks. 我很好，謝謝！/ She is fine. 她身體好。 And you? 你呢？（你好嗎？） （Starter）Unit 2. 1. Whats this in English? 這個用英語怎么說？ Whats this? 這個是什么？ Its a map / an orange. 它是一張地圖 / 它是一個桔子。 2. Spell it, please. 請拼寫它。 How do you spell it? 你怎樣拼寫它？ （Starter）Unit 3. 1. What color is it? 它是什么顏色？ What color is your pen? 你的鋼筆是什么顏色？ 2. Its red / blue / black and white. 它是紅色 / 藍色 / 黑白色。 Unit 1. 1. Whats your name? 你叫什么名字？ Whats her / his name? 她 / 他叫什么名字？2. Whats your first name你的名是什么？ Whats your last / family name? 你姓什么？(last name = family name)3. Im Mary. = My name is Mary. 我叫瑪麗。She is Mary. = Her name is Mary. 她叫瑪麗。4. Nice to meet you! 見到你真高興。 Nice to meet you too. 見到你也很高興。5. Whats your telephone number? 你的電話號碼是什么？（對電話號碼提問用what） Unit 2. 1. Excuse me. 打擾了。Is this / that your pencil? 這個 / 那個是你的鉛筆嗎？ Yes,it is. / No,it isnt. 是的，它是。/ 不，不是。( 回答時常用it替代上文中的this和that )2. This / That is my ruler. 這個 / 那個是我的尺子。3. Please call Mary at 495-3539. 請給Mary 打電話:495-3539. （call sb at + 電話號碼）Please call Mary. 請給Mary 打電話。 Please call 495-3539. 請撥打495-3539. 4. 本單元短語： call sb at + 電話號碼（at譯為“按照”，此短語意思是“按某個電話號碼給某人打電話） pencil case文具盒 computer game電腦游戲 lost and found失物招領 lost and found case 失物招領箱 Unit 3.1. This / That is my sister. 這位 / 那位是我的姐姐。 此句的復數形式是： These / Those are my sisters. 這些 / 那些是我的姐姐們。 （this/ that的復數分別是these / those）2.It is a watch. 復數形式是：They are some watches. (he / she / it 復數都是they，和this/that的復數不同)3. Is he / Guo Peng your brother? 他 / 郭鵬是你的哥哥嗎？Yes, he is. / No, he isnt. 是的，他是。 / 不，他不是。4. Thanks for the photo of your family. 感謝你寄來你的家庭照（全家福）。句中thanks = thank you, 另外the photo of your family = your family photo5. Here is my family photo. 這兒是我的家庭照。 Here are some books. 這兒有一些書。There is a picture and three pencils on the desk. 桌子上有一幅畫和三支鉛筆。There are many photos in the drawer. 抽屜里有許多照片。（here / there 后的be動詞單復數形式要以緊隨其后的名詞單復數來定） Unit 4.1. Whereis my backpack? 我的背包在哪兒？ Where are the books? 那些書在哪兒？2. Its / Theyre in the drawer / under the bed / on the bookcase.它 / 它們在抽屜里/ 床底下/ 書柜上。 (注意主語和be動詞照應)3. Is it / Is the book / Are they on the bed / in the backpack / under the desk?它 / 這本書 / 它們在床上/ 背包里/ 桌子下嗎？4. Can you bring some things to school? 你能帶些東西去學校嗎？ some一般用在肯定的陳述句中，any用在否定句（“任何”）或疑問句（“某些，些”）中。但如果表示期待對方肯定的回答或表請求和建議，疑問句中常用some。如上句。5. take to 把帶到 Please take your sister to school. 請把你的妹妹帶到學校。 bring 表從另一處帶到這兒。take 表從這兒帶到另一處。方向正好相反。 Unit 5.1. Do you have a soccer ball? 你有一個足球嗎？ Yes, I do. / No, I dont.2. Does she have a tennis racket? 她有一個網球拍嗎？Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt. （謂語是實義動詞的時候，疑問句形式：do / does 提前到主語前，主語后面的動詞用原形） 2. I dont have a soccer ball.我沒有一個足球。She doesnt have a volleyball. 她沒有排球。（謂語是實義動詞的時候，否定形式：do /does +not + 動詞原形） 3. Let me / him / us play soccer. 讓我 / 他 / 我們踢足球吧。(let后面的動詞用原形) lets=let us 4. That sounds good / great / interesting / boring.那聽起來不錯 /好極了 /有趣 /無聊。（that指代上文之事） 5. I / We / They / You / The kids have 8 baseballs. 我/ 我們/他們/孩子們有8個棒球。 She / He / My brother / The boy has 8 baseballs. 她/他/我哥哥/那個男孩有8個棒球。（注意以上各句主語和謂語的照應：主語是單三，謂語也用單三；主語不是單三，謂語也不用單三。）6. 本單元短語：tennis racket網球拍 ping-pong bat乒乓球拍ping-pong / soccer / tennis ball 乒乓球/ 足球/ 網球（指物品）play tennis /basketball /baseball /ping-pong /volleyball /soccer /football “打.，踢.”(指運動)play computer games 打電腦游戲 on TV在電視上（通過電視） every day每天 watch TV 看電視 Unit 6.1. Do you like bananas / hamburgers / salad? 你喜歡香蕉 / 漢堡包 / 沙拉嗎？Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 是的，我喜歡。/ 不，我不喜歡。2. like doing sth. = like to do sth. 喜歡做某事. 如：She likes helping / to help students. 她喜歡幫學生。3. Does she/he/your aunt like broccoli? 她/他/你的朋友喜歡花椰菜嗎？Yes, she/he does. / No, she/he doesnt. 是的， 她/他喜歡。/ 不，她/他不喜歡。4. 短語：for breakfast / lunch / dinner / dessert 對早餐/ 午餐/ 晚餐/ 甜食來說 running star 跑步明星lots of = a lot of ( 后既可接可數名詞復數，又可接不可數名詞) healthy food 健康食品 Unit 7. 1. How much are these pants? =Whats the price of these pants? 這條褲子多少錢？Theyre twenty dollars. 這條褲子20美元。How much is this sweater? =Whats the price of this sweater? 這件毛衣多少錢？ Its 60 yuan. 它60元。 2. How much加不可數名詞，how many 加可數名詞復數。如：how much food, how many students 3. Can I help you? 我能幫你嗎？ What can I do for you? 我能為你做什么？ 4. Yes, please. 是的，請吧。 No, thanks. 不了，謝謝。5. I want a sweater. 我想要件毛衣。 6. What color do you want? 你想要什么顏色？ 7. Here you are. =Here it is給你（這件毛衣 / 錢等）。 8. How much is it? / How much are they? 多少錢？ 9. Ill take it. = Ill get it. = Ill have it. 我買下它了。 10. Thank you. / Thanks a lot. 多謝。 Youre welcome. =Thats all right.別客氣。 11. Come and buy = Come to buy . Go and see = Go to see 12. Anybody can afford our prices. 任何人都能承擔得起我們的價錢。 13. 短語：at a good price 以合理的價格 have a look (at)“看一看()”=look (at )for girs / boys / sports. 對姑娘 / 男孩 / 運動來說 sell to 把賣給 buy from 從 買 on sale在出售 Unit 8. 1. When is your / her / his birthday? 你的 / 她的 / 他的 生日是什么時候？ My / Her / His birthday is May 14th. 我的 / 她的 / 他的生日是5月14日。（此處無on） 2. How old are you? = Whats your age? 你多大了? Im 8. / Im 8 years old. 我8歲了。 3. Monday is the second day of the week. 周一是一星期中的第二天。（序數詞前常有the） Its my eighth birthday. (序數詞eighth前已有限定詞my, 故不再加the.) 4. 短語：birthday party生日聚會 English speech contest 英語演講比賽 music festival 音樂節(jié) school day校慶日 school trip學校組織的旅行 volleyball game排球比賽 Unit 9. 1. Do you / Does she want to go to a movie? 你想 / 她想看電影嗎？ 2. What kind of movies do you like? 你喜歡什么種類的電影？ 3. June really likes action movies. 瓊真的喜歡動作片。（really可修飾動詞，但very不能。） 4. Mike is English. 邁克是英國人。（注意English前無冠詞an.） 5. I often go to movies with my friends. 我常和朋友一起看電影。(with，“用；和一起”) 6. 短語：learn about學習有關的知識 Chinese history中國歷史 on weekends. 在周末 action movies 動作片 go to a movie去看電影 want to do sth. 想要做某事 7. 語法：并列連詞and和or. 都譯為“和”，or常用于否定句。and常用于肯定句。He likes P.E. and art.他喜歡體育和美術。=He likes P.E. and he likes art.He doesnt like P.E. or art. =He doesnt like P.E. and he doesnt like art.(or只用于連接否定句中的短語。若連接兩個否定句時仍用and, 如后一句。) Unit 10. 1. Can you play the guitar? Can you dance / swim? 你會彈吉它 / 跳舞 / 游泳嗎？Yes, I can. / No, I cant. 是的，我會。/ 不，我不會。 2. I want to join the art / music club. 我想參加美術 / 音樂俱樂部。 3. What club do you want to join? 你想參加什么俱樂部？ 4. Can you play the piano well? 你彈鋼琴彈得好嗎？ 5. Are you good with kids? 你善于和孩子相處嗎？ （be good with sb. 善于和某人相處） 6. May I know your name? 我可以知道你的名字嗎？= Whats your name? 7. What can you do? 你會做什么？ 8. 短語：play the piano / the drums / the trumpet 彈鋼琴 / 打鼓 / 吹喇叭（樂器前有the） chess / English / swimming / music club象棋 / 英語 / 游泳 / 音樂俱樂部 a little “一點，一些”（修飾不可數名詞。） Unit 11. 1. What time do you/ does she usually go to school/ get up? 你通常何時上學 / 起床？I usually run/ She usually gets up at around 7:00. 我 / 她通常大約7:00跑步 / 起床。 2. When do people usually eat dinner? 人們通常什么時候吃晚飯？ 3. 短語：in the morning / afternoon / evening 在早上 / 下午 / 晚上（用介詞in） （若有其它修飾詞，常用介詞on: on Sunday morning; on the evening of May 1st.） go home 回家 get home 到家 go to bed 上床睡覺 take a shower洗澡 get up 起床 best wishes 致以良好的祝愿 listen to music / me聽音樂 / 聽我(說) all day and all night 整天整夜 brush teeth刷牙 take the No. 305 bus to school乘305路車去學校 write a letter to sb=write to sb =write sb.給某人寫信 4. 時刻表達： 1分鐘未過半點；7：20, 可以讀作： seven twenty, 或twenty past seven 12：08, 可以讀作：twelve oh eight, 或eight past twelve2分鐘剛好半點：9：30, 可讀作：nine thirty, 或half past nine3分鐘超過半點：8：46, 可讀作：eight forty-six, 或fourteen to nine 15分鐘用 a quarter past 如7：15 a quarter past seven 45分鐘用 a quarter to 并且小時加1 如：4：45 a quarter to five5. what引導的感嘆句的結構： 1what + a / an + 形容詞 + 名詞 + 主謂 What a clever boy he is! 他是多么聰明的孩子??！ What an interesting book you have!你的書多么有趣?。?what + 形容詞 + 名詞復數： What clever boys you are! 你們是多么聰明的孩子??！3what + 形容詞 + 不可數名詞： What difficult work it is! 那是多么困難的工作??！6. 賓語從句的語序（用陳述句的語序， 見下文畫線部分）： I dont know when your birthday is. （不是when is your birthday） Can you tell me where you come from? (不是where do you come from) Unit 12. 1. Whats your favorite subject? 你最喜愛的學科是什么？（形容詞性物主代詞+favorite+名詞，“最喜愛的.”） 2. My favorite subject is science. 我最喜愛的學科是科學。 3. Why do you / does she like science? 你 / 她為什么喜歡科學？ Because its interesting. 因為它有趣。 4. Who is your art teacher? 誰是你的美術教師？ 5. When do you have math? 你什么時候上數學？ 6. I have volleyball for two hours. 我打排球兩個小時。（for + 時間段，“達到時間”） 7. 短語：TV show 電視節(jié)目 be strict with sb / be strict in sth對某人 / 某物要求嚴格 be busy with sth / be busy doing sth忙于某事 / 做某事 on Monday / Tuesday 在周一 / 周二. after lunch / work / school / class午飯后 / 下班后 / 放學后 / 下課后run around 到處跑動 play with sb / sth 和某人一塊兒玩 / 用某物玩人稱代詞形式：主格賓格形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞反身代詞作主語作賓語后要再接名詞后不再接名詞主賓一致Imemy ( pen / house.)minemyselfyou(你)youyour (bag / car.)yoursyourselfhehimhis (desk / coat.)hishimselfsheherher (hair / books.)hersherselfititits (tail / face.)itsitselfweusour (teachers / room.)oursourselvesyou(你們)youyour (class / city.)yoursyourselvestheythemtheir (school / seats.)theirsthemselves（如果動詞的施動者，即主語，和動詞或介詞后相應的賓格代詞是相同的人或物時，其賓格代詞要用反身代詞： I teach myself English. 我自學英語。We solved the problems ourselves. 我們自己解決的這些問題。Lucy hurt herself by accident. 露茜偶然傷了自己。You have to take care of yourself. 你必須照看好自己。但 She asks me to help her. 中的her并沒有反身代詞，因為help的施動者是“我”，而承受者是“她”，不相同。） GO FOR IT 七年級（上）復習提要 一、詞 （ 一 ） 名詞1、 名詞的復數（1）、一般的直接加s，如 desk（desks） 、pen(pens) 、ruler(rulers)（2）、以 x 、s、ch、sh結 尾 的 加 es如 box(boxes)、class(classes)、watch(watches)等（3）、以輔音字母加y結尾的要變y為i加es， 如 family ,comedy,documentary，strawberry,dictionary,hobby等 (4)、以0結尾的名詞，有生命的加es如：tomato(tomatoes) 、potato (potatoes ); 沒有生命的加s,如 photo(photos)、piano(pianos)(5) fe變?yōu)関es 如life(lives)2、 名詞所有格在名詞的后邊加s ,表示后面的名詞屬于前面的名詞所有 ， 如 LiLeis bag Toms desk 、her mothers brother 共有的表達法：Lucy and Lilys mother個有的表達法：Lucys and Lilys mothers3、 專用名詞的大寫 （人名，地名，節(jié)日，月份，星期）如 English、Brown 、Rush 、Sunday 、January 、December、 Beijing Opera （ 二 ） 動詞1、 動詞的種類(四類) 系動詞如 be(is am are)； 情態(tài)動詞如 can 、may、need；助動詞（ do does）；行為動詞如 take 、bring、eat、have(has)、like、sell、buy、sale、play、see、find、go、watch、thank、think 等2、 動詞的第三人稱單數（與名詞的復數變化規(guī)則一樣 ） 如 eat(eats) take (takes) buy(buys) play (plays) have(has) are (is) watch(watches)3、 動詞的時態(tài)（一般現在時 ） （ 1）含有系動詞的 Im a Chinese boy . She is twelve . He is Tims brother . Her mother is an English teacher .含有系動詞的句子在變一般疑問句時只將“主語和系動詞交換位置”，即將be動詞提前。上面句子變成一般疑 問句時分別為Are you a Chinese boy ?（ 注意第一人稱通常變?yōu)榈诙朔Q ）Is she twelve ? Is he Tims brother ?Is her mother an English teacher ?含有系動詞的句子在變否定句時只須“在系動詞的后邊加上not”，前面的幾個了陳述句變否定句分別為Im not a Chinese boy. She isnt twelve .He is not Tims btother . Her mother isnt an English teacher .(2)含有情態(tài)動詞的句子 （ can ）, She can play basketball.His mothers cousin can sing many English songs.含有情態(tài)動詞的句子在變一般疑問句時只須將“主語和情態(tài)動詞交換位置”，上面兩句變一般疑問句分別為Can she play basketball ?Can his mothers cousin sing many English songs ?含有情態(tài)動詞的句子在變否定句時直接在情態(tài)動詞的后邊加上not ,上面兩個陳述句變否定句分別為She can not play basketball .His mothers cousin can not sing many English songs .(3)含有行為動詞的句子We have many friends. They watch TV at 7 in the evening .The students take their books to school .I have lunch at school . You have a sister .1 含有行為動詞的句子在變一般疑問句時要在原句子的前面加do.上面的句子變成一般疑問句分別為Do you have many friends ?Do they watch TV at 7 in the evening ?Do the students take their books to school ?Do you have lunch at school ? Do you have a sister ?2 含有行為動詞的句子在變否定句時只須在行為動詞前加dont .上述五個陳述句變否定句分別為We dont have many friends.They dont watch TV at 7 in the evening .The students dont take their books to school .I dont have lunch at school . You dont have a sister .3 含有行為動詞的句子，當主語是第三人稱單數時，行為動詞要加s (或es)如：She has a red pen . He has eggs for breakfast .Her mother buys a skirt for her . She likes thrillers .My brother watches TV every evening .He wants to go to a movie .含有行為動詞的句子，當主語是第三人稱單數時，變一般疑問句要“在原句子的前面加上does , 同時行為動詞要還原”。上面的句子變成一般疑問句分別為：Does she have a red pen ? Does he have eggs for breakfast ?Does her mother buy a skirt for her ? Does she like thrillers ？Does your brother watch TV every evening ？Does he want to go to a movie ？含有行為動詞的句子，當主語是第三人稱單數時，變否定句時“在行為動詞前面加doesnt , 同時原行為動詞要還原”。上面的句子變否定句分別為：She doesnt have a red pen . He doesnt have eggs for breakfast .Her mother doesnt buy a skirt for her .She doesnt like thrillers . He doesnt want to go to a movie .My brother doesnt watch TV every evening . （三）形容詞本冊所學的形容詞不多，注意拼法和反義詞big (small) long (short) sad (happy) boring (interestingfunny ) exciting difficult relaxing great healthy old (new) successful white (black) favorite busy(free) tired （四）代詞1、人稱代詞和物主代詞人稱代詞 第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱 單數復數單數復數單數復數主格Iweyouyoushe he itthey賓格meusyouyouher him itthem物主代詞 myouryouryourher his itstheir2、指示代詞: this (these) that (those) 3、不定代詞 some someone4、疑問代詞 who what how much how old (疑問副詞：when where )5、反身代詞 yourself (五)數量詞1、基數詞 one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen eighteen nineteen twenty thirty forty fifty2、序數詞 first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth eleventh twelfth nineteenth twentieth twenty-first thirtieth fortieth fiftieth （六）介詞：本冊的介詞較少，主要用在介詞短語里面，如 on：on sale (銷售) on weekends (在周末) on April 8th, (在四月八日) on the desk (在桌子上) on TV (在電視上) in：in English (用英語) in the afternoon (在下午) in the case (在盒子里) T-shirt in red (紅色T恤) be in the movie（出演這部電影） in September (在九月) be strict in 對某事嚴格My mother is strict in my study.媽媽對我的學習嚴格。 be in our school music festival （參加我們學校的音樂節(jié)） at：call sb.at 3356 (撥打3356找某人) at your school (在你們學校里) at Huaxing Clothes Store （在華興服裝店） at a very good price (以非常優(yōu)惠的價格) at six (六點鐘) have a look at (看一看) be good at 擅長于be strict with sb 對某人嚴格 be busy with =be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 of：a set of (一串) the photo of your family (你的全家照) lots of =a lot of (許多) date of birth（birthday）(生日)with：with sb. (同某人一起) be good with (和相處得好) help sb. with sth. (幫助某人做某事)=help sb doing sthfor：thanks for =thank you for (謝謝某人的.) bag for sports (運動包) pants for $30(賣30元的褲子) see for yourself (親自看看) for girls (對女孩子來說) like sth. for lunch (喜歡吃當作午餐)about：learn about Chinese history (學習有關中國歷史) know about 了解under：under the desk (在桌子下面) （七）副詞：除疑問副詞外，本冊的副詞有only too very well often also really副詞only often also really 等在句中的位置都是在行為動詞前面或是系動詞的后面。注意幾組詞的區(qū)別：1、too, either 和also ：too一般放在句子的末尾，also在行為動詞前面或是系動詞的后面。She is also a students. She also goes to school at six oclock. either 用于否定句末 He cant sing either.2、well 和 good ：兩個詞都有“好”的意思，但well 是副詞，而good 是形容詞，well修飾行為動詞，放在行為動詞的后面，good 修飾名詞，放在名詞的前面或放在be動詞后。如play basketball well speak English well a good student Good morning （八）冠詞：只有不定冠詞a (an)和定冠詞the 兩個 1、不定冠詞a和an ：a用在輔音前，如 a pen a chair a school ID cardan 用在元音前an old teacher an English book an action movie an auntan uncle an actor an interesting book an ID card an egg an apple an orange注意輔音字母第一個音是元音的情況：F H L M N S X這七個字母的第一個音是元音，在說一個以上字母時要用an ,如an“F” (一個F) an “X” (一個X)。同時注意字母U,它是元音字母，但它的第一個音是輔音，因此說一個U，應為 a “U” 。2、定冠詞the：當一個名詞第二次出現時前面用the 。注意在三餐飯（breakfast lunch dinner ）前不用the ,月份和星期前都不用the ,體育活動的球類運動前面不用the 。如:have dinner in January December Sunday play basketballplay tennis (volleyball soccer Ping Pong chess baseball) 在樂器的前面要用定冠詞the 。如：play the guitar (the violin the piano the drum ) (九)連詞：本冊所學連詞有and but or then and 連接兩個詞或兩個句子，表示前后的句子意思順接。如：I like thrillers and I like action movies. but 連接兩個句子，表示后面意思轉折。如：He likes tomatoes but she doesnt like broccoli. or 表示選擇關系。如：Can you play the piano or the violin? I can play the piano. then表示動作的先后順序。Then I go to school. 二、句子（句子的種類）：句子分為四種即 陳述句、疑問句、祈使句和感嘆句。這里重點介紹疑問句和祈使句 （一）疑問句：一般疑問句、特殊疑問句、選擇疑問句、反意疑問句 1、一般疑問句：見前面的動詞部分。一般疑問句的回答用“yes”或“no”開頭，用“yes”作肯定, 回答時后面不能出現“not”，用“no”作否定回答時后面要出現“not”。如：Yes, it isnt. No, he does.2、特殊疑問句：其結構為“ 特殊疑問詞 + 一般疑問句的結構 ”本冊出現的特殊疑問句有 1My name is Jim.Whats your name ? His name is Marry. Whats his name ? Her first name is Brow. What is her first name? 2Her bag ison the bed . Wheres her bag ? The oranges arein the room. Where are the oranges? 3My telephone number is 2975. What is your telephone number? 4Imfine. How are you? She is fine.