天津市濱海新區(qū)2016高考英語(yǔ)完形填空和閱讀理解暑假選練(13).doc

天津市濱海新區(qū)2016高考英語(yǔ)完形填空和閱讀理解暑假選練（13）完形填空。It is universally known that friendship is one of the permanent themes in the literature of all languages. Friends are people who willingly and readily help us when we are in trouble, and show_1_for us when we are in misery. This is_2_human beings were born to need the warmth and laughter of friends. Some of us like_3_friends, while others different friends. Personally，I prefer both. It goes without saying that having similar friends has many_4_， We can feel a renewed sense of_5_when we have a group of old friends who would_6_our sufferings and happiness. _7_， old friends always know how to_8_mutual trust(互信)and how to avoid_9_conflicts. I always feel_10_when I meet an old friend after a long_11_. Immediately, hearty laughter_12_the atmosphere. Nevertheless I believe that a mixture of friends is_13_advantageous. One can_14_various sorts of friends in three aspects. First, frequent_15_with different friends broadens my world_16_. Just as various kinds of nutriments keep you healthy, making a_17_of friends keeps you lively. Secondly , I have found that the_18_friends cannot only_19_new adventures but also show me new_20_to success in life. Thirdly, they can help me with whatever difficulties I encounter in life. To conclude, I prefer to have both types of friends and as many as possible. Of course, I will not forget friends wisely.文章大意：本文是一篇議論文，論證“交不同的朋友比交同類(lèi)朋友更有益?！遍_(kāi)頭富有特色，通過(guò)描述自己的實(shí)際生活將讀者自然地引向主題。通篇立意新穎、條理清楚，結(jié)構(gòu)明晰，分三點(diǎn)論述，每一點(diǎn)都有一句統(tǒng)領(lǐng)段的主題句，展開(kāi)的部分都緊扣本段論點(diǎn)，但方式?jīng)Q不雷同。引用的事例自然、貼切，語(yǔ)言也較生動(dòng)、活潑，可謂有理有據(jù)，卻不枯燥乏味，讀來(lái)讓人興味盎然，相信同齡人看了更是有一種強(qiáng)烈的認(rèn)同感。1A.directionBrespectCsympathyDanxiety答案：Csympathy“同情；體諒”；coldness“冷淡”；cruelty“殘忍， 殘酷”；anxiety“憂(yōu)慮， 焦急， 渴望”。 本題易誤選A。 2A.becauseBwhyChowDWhat答案：A“This is because 從句”意為“這是因?yàn)椤?，“This is why 從句”意為“這就是為什么”。這兩個(gè)句型中because和why引導(dǎo)的是表語(yǔ)從句。從邏輯關(guān)系上看這兩個(gè)句型正好相反。前者中的“that”指代原因，后者中的“that”指代結(jié)果。This is how“那就是如何的?！?本題易誤選B。 3A.trueBrightCsameDsimilar答案：D根據(jù)后面的different及下文可知選similar。true“真實(shí)的， 真正的， 忠實(shí)的”；helpful“有幫助的， 有用的”；same指“同一的”、“相同的”，常于the連用。4A.problemsBadvantagesCdisadvantagesDduties答案：Badvantages“優(yōu)勢(shì)， 有利條件， 利益”；problems“問(wèn)題”；disadvantages“劣勢(shì)”；shortcomings“缺點(diǎn)，短處”。5A.tensionBchallengeCstrengthDoppression 答案：Cstrength本句意思是“當(dāng)老朋友聚在一起時(shí)，頓感覺(jué)有力量”。tension“緊張，不安”；challenge“挑戰(zhàn)”；oppression“壓抑， 苦惱”。 本題易誤選A、D。6A.shareBconveyCguaranteeDcause答案：Ashare“分享，共享”；convey“傳達(dá)，運(yùn)送”；guarantee“保證， 擔(dān)?！?；cause“造成”。 7A.ThereforeBOtherwiseCHoweverDMoreover答案：DMoreover “而且， 此外”，表示遞進(jìn)邏輯關(guān)系，用于句首和句中，不能用于句末。相當(dāng)于besides；Therefore“因此”，表示因果關(guān)系；Otherwise“否則”；However“然而”，是過(guò)渡詞，表示上下文意思的轉(zhuǎn)折。本題易誤選A。8A.lackBabandonCbearDmaintain答案：Dmaintain“保持”；lack“缺乏”；abandon“放棄，遺棄”；bear“負(fù)擔(dān)， 忍受”。9A.obviousBimpossibleCimpressiveDhidden答案：Dhidden“潛在的，隱藏的”；obvious“明顯的”；impossible“不可能的”；impressive“印象深刻的， 令人難忘的”。 本題易誤選A、C。10A.stressedBworriedCdelightedDconfused答案：Cdelighted“高興，興奮”；stressed“受壓抑的”；worried“著急”；confused“困惑的， 煩惱的”。11A.experienceBdepartureCworkDdiscussion答案：Bdeparture “離別”；experience“經(jīng)驗(yàn)，經(jīng)歷”；work“工作”；discussion“討論”。12A.fillsBweakensCruinsDburies答案：Afill“充滿(mǎn)”；weaken“削弱”；ruin“毀壞”；bury“埋藏， 遮蔽”。13A.eagerlyBequallyCbitterlyDrarely答案：Bequally“同樣地”，如：equally important同樣重要 ；eagerly“急切地”；bitterly“苦苦地， 悲痛的”；rarely“很少地， 罕有地”。 本題易誤選C、D。14A.make withBbenefit fromCresult fromDappeal to答案：Bbenefit常與from, by連用，意為“獲益；得益于”，根據(jù)后面提到的三個(gè)方面可以看出選B最佳；用(眼、口、手、腳等)做動(dòng)作； 做出； 使用；result from“起于， 由于”；appeal to“向呼吁，請(qǐng)求，吸引；引起興趣” 15A.quarrelBcontactCargumentDview答案：Bcontact“接觸，聯(lián)系”；quarrel“吵架，爭(zhēng)吵”；argument“爭(zhēng)論，辯論”；view“觀(guān)點(diǎn)，見(jiàn)解”。 本題易誤選D。 16A.attitudeBpositionCoutlookDambition答案：Cattitude“姿勢(shì)， 態(tài)度， 看法”；position“位置”；outlook“觀(guān)點(diǎn)，看法”；ambition“野心”。本題易誤選A。17A.rangeBseriesCquantityDvariety答案：Da variety ofall kinds of；根據(jù)句意，選D是正確答案。a series of“一系列， 許多”；range“范圍，區(qū)域”，表示可以達(dá)到或探測(cè)到的最大范圍(the maximum area in which it can reach things or detect things)；kind指性質(zhì)相同，而且特征很相似，足以歸為一類(lèi)的人或東西；quantity“數(shù)量”。18A.strangeBdoubtfulCavailableDdifferent答案：Ddifferent“不同的”；strange“奇怪地”；doubtful“可疑的， 不確的”；available“可用到的， 可利用的”。19A.result fromBstick toCattend toDlead to答案：Dlead to “導(dǎo)致， 終于造成結(jié)果”；result from“起于， 由于”，后加原因；stick to(keep to)“堅(jiān)持”；attend to“專(zhuān)心，照顧”。20A.avenuesBappealCbenefitDattitude答案：Aavenues“方法，途徑”；appeal to“向呼吁”； benefit“利益， 好處”；attitude“態(tài)度”。 本題易誤選D。閱讀理解。For those who study the development of intelligence (智力) in the animal world，selfawareness is an important measurement. An animal that is aware (意識(shí)) of itself has a high level of intelligence. Awareness can be tested by studying whether the animal recognizes itself in the mirror, that is, its own reflected image (反射出的影像). Many animals fail this exercise bitterly, paying very little attention to the reflected image. Only humans，and some intelligent animals like apes and dolphins，have been shown to recognize that the image in the mirror is of themselves.Now another animal has joined the club. In the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers report that an Asian elephant has passed the mirror selfreflection test. “We thought that elephants were the next important animal，”said Diana Reiss of the Wildlife Conservation Society, an author of the study with Joshua M. Plotnik and FansB. M. de Waal of Emory University. With their large brains，Reiss said, elephants “seemed like cousins to apes and dolphins.”The researchers tested Happy. Maxine and Patty, three elephants at the Bronx Zoo. They put an 8footsquare mirror on a wall of the animals play area (out of the sight of zoo visitors) and recorded what happened with cameras, including one built in the mirror.The elephants used their long noses to find what was behind it，and to examine parts of their bodies.Of the three, Happy then passed the test，in which a clear mark was painted on one side of her face. She could tell the mark was there by looking in the mirror, and she used the mirror to touch the mark with her long nose.Diana Reiss said，“We knew elephants were intelligent, but now we can talk about their intelligence in a better way.”文章通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)說(shuō)明能意識(shí)到自身形象的動(dòng)物具有高智商。1. What can mirror tests tell us about animals?A. Whether they have large brains. B. Whether they have selfawareness.C. Whether they enjoy outdoor exercises. D. Whether they enjoy playing with mirrors.答案：B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段第一句話(huà)“Awareness can be tested by.”可知B項(xiàng)正確。2. Why does the author mention apes and dolphins in the text?A. They are most familiar to readers.B. They are big favorites with zoo visitors.C. They are included in the study by Reiss.D. They are already known to be intelligent.答案：D。推理判斷題。由第二段最后一句可知人們已經(jīng)知道apes和dolphins是聰明的。3. What made Happy different from Maxine and Patty?A. She used her nose to search behind the mirror.B. She recognized her own image in the mirror.C. She painted a mark on her own face.D. She found the hidden camera.答案：B。推理判斷題。由倒數(shù)第二段可推出Happy能辨別出自己在鏡子中的形象。閱讀理解。 The practice of swapping fashions has recently been attracting attention worldwide, particularly in Europe and the United States. This is an activity aimed at making more effective use of resources by providing a platform for people to exchange free of charge those fashion items in their closets that they dont use anymore. In London, fashion swap events sponsored by the credit card company VISA focus on the swapping of specific brands. Japans first major fashion swap event, “xChange,” was held in September 2007 in Tokyo. The xChange event is designed to exchange not only fishing items but also information and feelings from the owners of the clothes, using what is called an “episode tag.” Participants put tags on each of the items they bring and write their name and a bride episode about the items.For example, a tag of a white jacket read, “This is a gift from a friend, but its just not my style.” On a tag attached to a pair of red shoes, a person wrote. “These dont fit me anymore. I hope someone who loves red can use them.” Just as shoppers check price tags, some people check the episode tags before making a selection, imagining who used to wear the item. The episode tags make people aware of the human connection by exchanging goods. Many participants say things like, “Im very lucky to get such lovely clothes for free,” and “I was happy to see someone try on and choose what I brought here.” Unwanted clothes for one person can be new and exciting for someone else. Besides, xChange achieves close to a 100-percent reuse rate by donating leftover clothes to companies that reuse or recycle secondhand clothing. Anything they cannot use, they then donate to developing countries or reuse them as rags. Since 2007, the xChange event has been held every two or three months in a different region of Japan, always attracting many participants. This success is probably because it is an active event that gives participants opportunities to enjoy fashion without increasing the impact on the environment. 1. Whats the main purpose of the fashion exchange?A. To attract peoples attention. B. To make good use of resources.C. To get rid of unwanted clothes. D. To try to avoid buying new clothes. 答案解析：答案為B。 本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。由第一段第二句話(huà) “This is an activity aimed at making more effective use of resources by”可知，答案為B。2. What is special about an episode tag?A. It provides personal information of the owner. B. It is being attached by a price tag.C. It gives details of a fashion item. D. It includes brief information of the item and feelings of the owner.答案解析：答案為D。本題為詞義推測(cè)題。由第二段 “The xChange event is designed to exchange not only fishing items but also information and feelings from the owners of the clothes, using what is called an “episode tag.”可知，答案為D。3. That the xChange event has achieved success is probably because _.A. it donates secondhand clothing to developing countries B. it changes peoples way of consumingC. offers an example of enjoying fashion without damaging environmentD. it shows fashion is the best policy for women 答案解析：答案為C。本題為細(xì)節(jié)題。由最后一段 “This success is probably because it is an active event that gives participants opportunities to enjoy fashion without increasing the impact on the environment.”可知，答案為C。4. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?A. Fashion Exchange Concept Grows in Japan.B. xChange Environment Meets the Fashion Industry.C. The Global Rise of the Fashion Exchange. D. Join in xChange.答案解析：答案為A。本題為主旨大意題。由第二段 “Japans first major fashion swap event, xChange, was held in September 2007 in Tokyo.” 可知，第一屆Fashion Exchange2007年在日本東京舉辦，后文對(duì)其進(jìn)行了介紹，最后一段呼應(yīng)文章的中心 “Since 2007, the xChange event has been held every two or three months in a different region of Japan, always attracting many participants.”, 因此本文主要介紹Fashion Exchange在日本的盛行，盡管第一段提到Fashion Exchange在歐美受到了歡迎，但這僅僅是Fashion Exchange的影響，故最佳標(biāo)題為A?！?015高考復(fù)習(xí)】閱讀理解When youre surfing the Internet on your laptop from your dorm or home，do you know your personal details are being gathered secretly？And would you be surprised to know the information may be sold cheaply to advertisers and marketers?According to an investigation by The Wall Street Journal，all it takes is a tiny file in a computera single code consisting of a long series of numbers and lettersto record the computer users age，gender，location，favorite movies and hobbies.The newspaper reports that Lotame Solutions Inc.，a New York company，uses a sophisticated (先進(jìn)的) software.called “beacon”to capture what people are typing on a website.Lotame packages that data into profiles (個(gè)人資料) about individuals，only without their names，and sells the profiles to companies seeking customers.Batches of such data may be sold for a few dollars.The Wall Street Journal survey discovered that spying on Internet users is one of the fastestgrowing businesses on the World Wide Web.The “cookie”a tiny text file put on your PC by websites or marketing firms which might be used to remember your preferences for one site，or to track you across many sites is already old news.There are new and more complex tools such as “beacons”which scan in real time what people are doing on a webpage.These beacons instantly assess the Internet users location，income，shopping interests and even medical conditions.Millions of Internet users around the world also face unprecedented (空前的) threats.Private，sensitive，personal and business information is being gathered and sold without their knowledge.Companies insist the information they gather is anonymous and the data is used harmlessly.But the technology has grown so powerful that even some of the biggest websites in the US dont know that they were installing intrusive files on visitors computers.These include MSN.com and Y.Next time you visit a webpage and find an ad banner advertising something youve been planning to buy，dont be amazed that your computer can read your mind.【語(yǔ)篇導(dǎo)讀】經(jīng)常上網(wǎng)的人可能都遇到過(guò)這樣的情況：瀏覽網(wǎng)頁(yè)(surfing the Internet)時(shí)總是跳出一些廣告，內(nèi)容還都是你最近想買(mǎi)的商品。別誤會(huì)，你的電腦還沒(méi)智能到讀懂你的想法是你的個(gè)人隱私被出賣(mài)啦！趕快來(lái)看看是怎么一回事吧！1The purpose of the passage is to_.Aintroduce a tiny file in a computera single codeBshow how your individual information was let out when you surf the InternetCshow how to protect your privacyDintroduce a sophisticated software called “beacon”答案B主旨大意題。本文圍繞著上網(wǎng)時(shí)你的個(gè)人信息被別人收集并且被出售了講述。故選B項(xiàng)。2All of the following statements are not true EXCEPT_.A. Lotame sells the profiles about individuals to companies seeking customers with their age，gender，location，hobbies and namesBspying on Internet users is the fastestgrowing business on the World Wide WebCsome of the biggest websites in the US know they were installing intrusive files on visitors computersDa tiny file in a computera single code consisting of a long series of numbers and letters can record the users information答案D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Lotame packages that data into profiles about individuals，only without their names, and sells the profiles to companies seeking customers.”可知A錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)第五段“spying on Internet users is one of the fastestgrowing businesses on the World Wide Web.”可知B錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“some of the biggest websites in the US dont know that they were installing intrusive files on visitorscomputers.”可知C錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)第二段可知D正確。3It can be inferred that_.Abecause the data is used harmlessly，Internet users around the world will not face threatsBwhen a person surfs the Internet，his personal details may be let out without his knowledgeCyour computer can really read your mindDMSN.com and Y.use a software to capture what people are typing on a website答案B推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段以及下文可知，當(dāng)一個(gè)人上網(wǎng)時(shí)，他的信息有可能在自己不知道的情況下被別人所泄露或出售。4According to the passage，“beacon”_Ais a tiny text file put on your PC by websitesBis a software that can package that data into profiles about individualsCcan assess the Internet users location，income，shopping interests and even medical conditionsDis not more complex than the “cookie”答案C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“beacons instantly assess the Internet users location, income, shopping interests and even medical conditions.”可知選C。根據(jù)第六段“The“cookie”a tiny text file put on your PC by websites”可知A錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)第四段“Lotame packages that data into profiles(個(gè)人資料)about individuals”可知B錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)第六段“there are new and more complex tools such as“beacons”可知D錯(cuò)誤。5Whats the writers attitude to this problem?ANeutral.BWorried.COptimistic. DIndifferent.答案B觀(guān)點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段“Millions of Internet users around the world also face unprecedented threats.Private，sensitive，personal and business information is being gathered and sold without their knowledge.”可知，作者指出互聯(lián)網(wǎng)用戶(hù)面臨著空前的威閱讀理解。I dont think comic book collector really applies to me at all. Im probably more of a comic book appreciator. My interest has always been in what can be accomplished with the medium of visual story-telling. Im not sure exactly where this interest of mine came from. I do know that as a child, comic books allowed me to improve my reading skills. “The Mighty Thor helped me develop an interest in old legends, and “Challengers of the Unknown got me crazy about science fiction. The combination of words and pictures was a perfect springboard for my childhood imagination. How does one learn to appreciate comic book art? There is a classic example that sheds quite a bit of light on the subject. Writer Scott Macloud just explains what makes a comic book stand out in his best selling book Understanding Comics. The book, first published in 1994, has been translated into 13 languages and is practically a bible for students studying graphic illustration (圖示說(shuō)明) in novels. On the internet there are some cool comic book sites to be foundhundreds and hundreds of them as a matter of fact. More than a few are dedicated to super heroes and the like. But there are some choice sites that I would visit, because they provide some great resources that discuss the comic book as an art form. Noteworthy among them is a great article and interview at www. rcharvey. corn, which discusses the impact of several art