unit1復(fù)合不定代詞.ppt

,By 05,復(fù)合不定代詞,定義 語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) 習(xí)語(yǔ),復(fù)合不定代詞： something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, no one, everything, everybody, everyone 等。它們?cè)诰渲锌捎米髦髡Z(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，但不能用作定語(yǔ)。,含-body和-one的復(fù)合代詞只用來(lái)指人，在功能和意義上完全相同，可以互換。只是用-body時(shí)顯得較通俗些，多用于口語(yǔ)中，用-one時(shí)顯得較文雅些，更常見(jiàn)于正式場(chǎng)合及書(shū)面語(yǔ)中。,1. 復(fù)合不定代詞受定語(yǔ)或不定式修飾時(shí)，定語(yǔ)或不定式應(yīng)放在它們后面。,There is nothing wrong with the radio. 這收音機(jī)沒(méi)有毛病。 Havent you got anything to do? 你無(wú)事可干嗎？,2. 指人的復(fù)合不定代詞若用作主語(yǔ)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)，相應(yīng)的人稱代詞和物主代詞也用單數(shù) he, him, his (不一定指男性)。但在非正式文體中常用復(fù)數(shù)代詞 they, them, their來(lái)避免由于性別的差異而引起的在代詞的運(yùn)用上具有的不確定性。,Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it. 世上無(wú)難事，只怕有心人。,但當(dāng)要對(duì)一群人講話時(shí)，可使用以復(fù)合不定代詞作主語(yǔ)的祈使句，句中的動(dòng)詞用原形。,Nobody move！= Don anybody move！ 都別動(dòng)！ Everyone lie down! 統(tǒng)統(tǒng)趴下！,Everyone knows this, doesnt he dont they? 人人都知道這一點(diǎn)，不是嗎?,指事物的復(fù)合不定代詞若用作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只能用單數(shù)，相應(yīng)的人稱代詞也只能用 it，而不用 they。,Everything is ready, isnt it? 一切都準(zhǔn)備好了，是嗎?,3. anyone, everyone 等只能指人，不能指物，且其后一般不接of 短語(yǔ)。若是指物或后接 of 短語(yǔ)，可用 any one, every one (分開(kāi)寫(xiě))。但no one（=nobody）“沒(méi)有人”，只用來(lái)指人，通常不和介詞of連用。,any one of the boys 孩子們當(dāng)中的任何一個(gè) every one of the students 每一個(gè)學(xué)生,回答who引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)用no one；回答how many引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)用none。,-Who was late ? -誰(shuí)遲到了？ -No one.-誰(shuí)也沒(méi)有遲到。 -How many cows do you keep? -你養(yǎng)幾頭牛？ -None. -一頭也沒(méi)養(yǎng)。,4. 除與-thing構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞外，都有所有格形式；,Everybodys business is nobodys business. 大家的事情沒(méi)人管。,當(dāng)其后有else時(shí), “”要加在else后面。,That must be somebody elses coat. 那一定是別人的外衣。,5.含some-和any-的復(fù)合不定代詞間的用法區(qū)別,由some-和any-所構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞（即something和anything；someone和anyone；somebody和anybody）之間的區(qū)別跟some和any的區(qū)別一樣。,含any-的一般用于疑問(wèn)句、否定句或條件句中，但表示“無(wú)論何事”時(shí)，可用于肯定句 。,Do you have anything to say? 你有什么話要說(shuō)嗎?,I didnt meet anybody new at the party. 在那次聚會(huì)上我沒(méi)有碰到任何生人。 John can do it, if anyone can. 如果有人能做此事，那就是約翰了。 He will do anything for a quiet life. 只要能過(guò)上安寧的日子他什么都愿意做。,含some-的一般用于肯定句，也用于表示請(qǐng)求邀請(qǐng)的疑問(wèn)句或預(yù)計(jì)是肯定回答的疑問(wèn)句,I have something to ask you. 我有事情要問(wèn)你。 Are you expecting someone this afternoon? 今天下午你是不是等什么人？,6.復(fù)合不定代詞的否定,“not every-”表示的是部分否定，意為“并非都，不都”。,Not everything will go well. 并非一切都會(huì)那么順利。 The teacher didnt call everyones name. 老師并沒(méi)有點(diǎn)所有人的名。,“not any-”和no-均表示全否定。,He listened, but heard nothing.他聽(tīng)了聽(tīng)，但什么也沒(méi)聽(tīng)到。 = He listened, but didnt hear anything. You havent called anyone/anybody up, have you? 你沒(méi)給誰(shuí)打過(guò)電話，是嗎？ = You have called no one/nobody up, have you?,1. I agree with most of what you said, but I dont agree with _. A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing 2. I will never know what was on his mind at the time, nor will _. A. anyone B. anyone else C. no one D. no one else,【分析】答案選A。noteverything是否定，意為“我并非同意你講的一切”，與前一分句意思相符。而notanything=nothing與前一分句意思矛盾。,【分析】答案選B。表示后者與前者“一樣不。表示后者與前者”，nor本身就是否定的，后面要用肯定的，排除C和D；又因?yàn)橛胑lse才可排除“I”，所以選B。,7.復(fù)合不定代詞作名詞,someone/somebody, anyone/anybody的意義是“重要人物，大人物”，everyone/everybody意為“最重要的人”，no one/nobody則意指“無(wú)關(guān)緊要的人，小人物”。,His wife is now somebody in television. 他的妻子現(xiàn)在是電視界的大人物了。,something，anything的意義是“重要事情（東西）”，everything表示“最重要的事情（東西）”，nothing則指“毫無(wú)趣味的事情，無(wú)關(guān)緊要的東西”。,Money isnt everything.金錢不是一切。,習(xí)語(yǔ) for nothing(徒勞，免費(fèi)) nothing doing(不行，我不干) nothing but(僅僅，只不過(guò)) Its nothing. (不用謝，不必在意) anybody else(別人),-Is_here? -No, Bob and Tim have asked for leave. A. anybody B. somebody C. everybody D. nobody -One weeks time has been wasted. -I cant believe we did all that work for _. A. something B. nothi