《定語(yǔ)從句教學(xué)》PPT課件.ppt

Grammar,The Attributive Clause 定語(yǔ)從句,基本概念:,You can choose a shampoo that/which suits your type of hair.,Noun(Pron.) + Conj. + Clause You can choose a shampoo that/which suits your type of hair.,定語(yǔ)從句的基本結(jié)構(gòu),注意點(diǎn)：,1. 一般而言，定語(yǔ)從句緊跟在先行詞之后。 2. 關(guān)系詞取代先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中的成分,即關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中要擔(dān)當(dāng)句子成分。 You can choose a shampoo that suits your type of hair.,你可以選擇一種適合自己發(fā)型的洗發(fā)水。,引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞,關(guān)系代詞,who，whom whose which that,指代人,指代事物,指人/物（所屬關(guān)系）,可替代who,whom,which,who 的用法:,經(jīng)常指代人，在從句中用作主語(yǔ), 不能省略。 Noun (Pron.) + who + 從句, The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling., The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face.,The boy who is smiling is Tom. (主語(yǔ)),The boy who has a round face is Tom., The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me.,The boy who sits in front of me is Tom.,whom的用法： 經(jīng)常指代人，在從句中用作賓 語(yǔ), 可以省略。 Noun (Pron.) + (whom)+ 從句, The man is kind. Everyone likes him.,The man (whom) everyone likes is kind. (賓語(yǔ)), The woman got the job. We saw her on the street.,The woman (whom) we saw on the street got the job., The teacher will give us a talk. We met the teacher yesterday.,The teacher (whom) we met yesterday will give us a talk.,當(dāng)先行詞是those, she ,he ,they等代詞時(shí),關(guān)系代詞用who. Those who were late for class raise your hands.,which 的用法:,1、經(jīng)常指代物，在從句中用作主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ); 2、用作主語(yǔ)不能省略，用作賓語(yǔ)可以省略。 Noun (Pron.) + which + 從句, Mrs. Clark is angry with the cat. The cat is eating her fish.,Mrs. Clark is angry with the cat which is eating her fish., Can you lend me the book? You talked about it last night.,Can you lend me the book (which) you talked about last night.,whose 的用法:,1、經(jīng)常指代人或物，在從句中用作定語(yǔ); 2、通常不能省略。 Noun (Pron.) + whose + Noun + 從句,關(guān)系代詞whose 作定語(yǔ),1. Do you know the man? 2. The mans watch is missing.,Do you know the man whose watch is missing?,He bought a house whose windows face south.,He bought a house. The houses windows face south.,Do you know the girl whose hair is very short in our class?,He is the student whose pencil I broke yesterday.,That的用法:,That可以相應(yīng)的取代who,whom,which在定語(yǔ)從句中的地位。 1. The boy who/that is smiling is Tom. 2. The man (whom)/(that) everyone likes is kind. 3. Mrs. Clark is angry with the cat which/that is eating her fish. 4. Do you find the pen (which)/(that) I wrote with just now?,練一練,1. Yesterday I met Mr Li_ told me the whole matter. 2. This is the man_ daughter is in my class. 3. The book _ they sent me is very good.,who/that,whose,which/that/-,只用that 不用which的集中情況：,注意！,1. 當(dāng)先行詞前有形容詞的最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí),1. This is the most interesting book that I have ever read. 2. The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten.,2. 先行詞前有表示唯一概念的詞修飾時(shí),如the very, the last, the only等.,1. The Great Wall is the last place that Mr. Smith is going to visit before he leaves Beijing. 2. This is the very book that I am looking for.,3.先行詞是all, any, everything, anything, nothing ,something, much, little, few, none ,the one, 等不定代詞時(shí), There is much that should be used. Thats all that he said. 3. All that glitters is not gold.,或先行詞被all, any , no, only, little, much, very, every, some, few, none 等修飾時(shí), I have read all the books (that) you gave me. Every dictionary that our library bought is good.,4.當(dāng)先行詞既有表示人又有表示物的詞時(shí),We talked of the things and persons that we remembered.,5. 在以 which, who作主語(yǔ)的特殊疑問(wèn)句中的定語(yǔ)從句中,習(xí)慣上不用Whowho/ Whichwhich結(jié)構(gòu), Who is the man that is reading a book there? Which is the magazine that you borrowed from the reading room?,7. 當(dāng)先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中做表語(yǔ)時(shí),無(wú)論先行詞是人還是物,China is no longer the country that she was.,介詞后跟關(guān)系代詞的注意點(diǎn)： 介詞后只能跟which/whom,不能跟that,即不能出現(xiàn)in that等類似的結(jié)構(gòu),Do you find the pen which I wrote with just now? Do you find the pen with which I wrote just now? 注意： This is the pen which I am looking for. Miss Li is the teacher whom he talked with just now. She has three sons whom she has to take care of.,who主語(yǔ)，指人，不省略 人 whom 指人，賓語(yǔ)，可省略 關(guān) whose 指人/物，定語(yǔ),不可省略 系 物 which,指物，主語(yǔ)，不省略,指物，賓語(yǔ)，可省略,that,可替代who, whom, which,1. You may take anything useful _ you want. 2. This is the very book_ I m looking for. 3. This is the only thing _ we can do. 4. We should do all _is useful to the people.,練一練,that,that,that,that,1. He _plays with fire gets burst. A. Who B. which C. that D. whose 2. I didnt believe them at first but in fact everything _was true. A. that they said B. what they said C. whose they said D. which they said,練一練！,3. She heard a terrible noise_ brought her heart into her mouth. A. it B. which C. this D. / 4. Have you found the woman_ purse was lost? A. her B. of which C. that D. whose,5. Mr. Smith is the only one of those foreigners who_ in China. A. work B. is working C. are working D. had working 6. All _can be done has been done. A. Which B. that C. what D. who,7. When he came back from abroad, John told his parents about the cities and the people _ he had visited. A. who B. which C. where D. that 8. His parents wouldnt let him marry anyone_ family was poor. A. of whom B. whom C. of whose D. whose,基礎(chǔ)知識(shí),引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞,關(guān)系副詞,when where why,表時(shí)間,表地點(diǎn),表原因,when 的用法,1、經(jīng)常指時(shí)間，在從句中用作狀語(yǔ); 2、這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)通常不能省略。 3、when= prep + which (in/at/onwhich) Noun + when + 從句,His father died in the year. He was born in the year.,His father died in the year when he was born.,Ill never forget the day. I joined the army that day.,Ill never forget the day when I joined the army.,in which,on which,Where的用法,1、經(jīng)常指地點(diǎn)，在從句中用作狀語(yǔ); 2、這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)通常不能省略。 3、where= prep + which (in/at/onwhich) Noun + where + 從句,I have visited this house. Lu Xun once lived in the house. -I have visited this house where/ in which Lu Xun once lived. This is a car factory. My father worked in the car factory last year. -This is the car factory in which/where my father once worked last year.,Why 的用法 1、經(jīng)常指原因，在從句中用作狀語(yǔ); 2、這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)通常不能省略。 3、why= for + which Noun + why + 從句,Is this the reason ? For the reason he refused our offer.,Is this the reason why he refused our offer?,I know the reason why she was late.,I know the reason. She was late for the reason.,for which,for which,1.Ill never forget the weeks_ we worked together. 2.Ill never forget the days _ we spent together. 3.I went to the place I worked ten years ago. 4.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago. 5.This is the reason _ he was late. 6.This is the reason _ he gave.,when /in which,which,where/ in which,which,why/ for which,that/which,幾種易混的情況,Teachers who are kind are popular with the students. Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students.,非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的兩個(gè)特點(diǎn)： 主句與從句之間用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)的； 不能用關(guān)系代詞that e.g. 1. Shanghai, where I live now, is an international city. 2. I am reading a detective book, which is my favorite one.,Which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，就可以修飾一個(gè)先行詞，也可以修飾整個(gè)主句所講的情況或部分情況。 He did not finish the homework, which made the teacher very angry. The teacher told Toms parents that he was always late for class, which made them very worried.,非限制性定語(yǔ)從句和單句的比較,2.He failed in the exam._ made his parents angry. 3.He failed in the exam, _made his parents angry.,4.He has two sons. Both of _ are teachers. 5.He has two sons, both of _ are teachers.,This,which,whom,them, that,1.I am reading Harry Porter, _is an interesting book.,which,6. He has two sons, and both of them teachers.,He failed in the exam and this made his parents angry.,as 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,The earth is round._ is known to all. The earth is round,_ is known to all. _ is known to all, the earth is round _ is known to all that the earth is round.,It,which / as,As,It,as 具有正如之意，與之搭配的動(dòng)詞一般是固定的，如： as you know/ as you see/as we planned/ as we expected,定語(yǔ)從句在句首時(shí)只能用as,as 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句 The sameas Suchas,This is the same pen as I lost. He is such a man as I can trust. 注意： This is the same dress as I wore last night. This is the same dress that I wore last night.,as 引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句 (2),This is such an interesting book _ we all like. This is so interesting a book _ we all like. This is such an interesting book _we all like it. This is so interesting a book _we all like it.,as,that,Please complete the following sentences and compare:,as,that,這是大家都喜歡的如此有趣的一本書(shū)。(定語(yǔ)從句),這本書(shū)如此有趣，