浙江省精誠(chéng)聯(lián)盟2025屆高三下學(xué)期適應(yīng)性聯(lián)考（二模）英語(yǔ)試題 含解析

絕密★考試結(jié)束前學(xué)年第二學(xué)期浙江省精誠(chéng)聯(lián)盟適應(yīng)性聯(lián)考高三英語(yǔ)試題考生須知：．本試題卷共9頁(yè)，滿分分，考試時(shí)間分鐘。．答題前，在答題卷指定區(qū)域填寫(xiě)班級(jí)、姓名、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)及準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)。．所有答案必須寫(xiě)在答題卷上，寫(xiě)在試卷上無(wú)效。．考試結(jié)束后，只需上交答題卷。選擇題部分第一部分：聽(tīng)力共兩節(jié)，滿分分)第一節(jié)共5小題：每小題分，滿分分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的、、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatwillthewomanprobablydointhesummervacation?A.Makenewfriends.B.inarestaurant.C.Gotoasummercamp.2.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthebus?A.Itarrivesevery10minutes.B.ItpassesbyFord’sTheatre.C.Itstopsdirectlyatthelibrary.3.Whatwouldthewomanpossiblybuy?A.Skimmedmilk.B.Organicproducts.C.Wholegrainbread.4.Whatisthemandoing?A.Exploringamuseum.B.anexhibition.C.Makingaconsultation.5.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodotogether?A.Havelunchdowntown.B.Meetatthedentist’s.C.Attendaworkmeeting.第二節(jié)共小題：每小題分，滿分分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的、、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第、7題。6.WhatdoweknowaboutJasmine?第1頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)A.She’sinneedofattentionandcare.B.Shekeepsadogforcompanionship.C.Sheisconsideringhavingadogasapet.7.WhatisAlex’sadvicetoJasmine?A.Receivetraining.B.Becommittedtothedog.C.Doresearchonthebreeds.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至題。8.WhydoesAlanwanttohelparoundthehouse?A.liveuptoparents’expectations.B.makemoneyforDad’sbirthdaygift.C.sharethehouseworkequallywithMom.9.What’sAlanlikelytodonext?A.Dothelaundry.B.Lookformorechores.C.BuyawatchwithDad.10.Howdoesthewomanfeelnow?A.B.Delighted.C.Concerned.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第至題。Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atasquare.B.Atatubestation.C.Ataticket12.Howfrequentlydothetrainsrunduringrushhours?A.Every15minutes.B.Every20minutes.C.Every5to10minutes.13.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Buyaweeklypass.B.Checkhisdeparturetime.C.theyellowlinetrain.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第至題。14.Whatdoesthewomanlike?A.Handcrafteditems.B.handbags.C.accessories.15.Howdidthewomangetherhandbag?A.Shemadeitbyherself.B.Sheboughtitduringhertrip.C.Itwasagiftfromlocalpeople.16.Whatisrequiredtomakeabag?A.Alargeworkforce.B.andpatience.C.Fibersofvariousplants.17.Whatmakesthehandbagspecial?A.Itsunusualsize.B.Itsuniqueappearance.C.Itstraditionalmaterial.聽(tīng)第段材料，回答第至題。18.WhatdoesAdventuredo?A.Ithelpspeoplerealizetheirdreams.B.Itencouragespeopletoberisk-taking.C.Itarrangesforpeopletomeetdolphins.19.Howdidthedolphinshelpthespeaker?A.Bypullinghimunderwater.B.Bykeepinghimneartheshore.第2頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)C.Byplayingandsupportinghim.20.Whatisthespeaker’smainmessage?A.Facingfearsleadstogrowth.B.Dolphinscancurehumanfears.C.Safetypromotespersonalgrowth.第二部分：閱讀理解共兩節(jié)，滿分分)第一節(jié)共小題：每小題分，滿分分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的、、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheoldestandlargestschoolatUniversityofPortland(UP),theCollegeofArtsandSciencesdegreesinthehumanities,naturalsciences,performingarts,socialsciences,andinterdisciplinaryfields.Aliberalartsandsciencesdegreeprovidesaversatile(靈活多向的)pathwaytoawiderangeofcareers,andtheCollegetakesfulladvantageofUP’sideallocationincreatinghands-oncareer-buildingexperiencesoutinthefield,whicheveroneyouchoose!·EnvironmentalScience/EnvironmentalEthics&Policy·Psychology·Pre-Health·PoliticalScienceandPre-Law·Gender,andSexualityStudies·EthnicStudies·Humanitiescloseproximity(臨近)totheoutdoors,governmentagencies,leadingmedicalinstitutions,artsandculturevenues,andmore,UPgivesstudentsagreatvarietyofopportunitiestoconnectwiththecommunityandgainvaluablehands-onexperiencesinawiderangeofcareers.UPgoeshead-to-headwithResearch1(R1)institutions,withunmatchedopportunitiesforhands-onresearchworkwithfaculty(全體教員)membersthroughouttheacademicyearandsummerindisciplinesasvariedastheology,biology,ethnicstudies,andmathematics.第3頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)WhileR1universitiesincreasinglyrelyongraduatestudentsasinstructors,atUPallclassesaretaughtbyourprofessionalandadmirablefaculty.Thatmeansyourprofessorswillreallygettoknowyouandwillprovideexpertguidance,advice,anduniqueacademicopportunities!1.WhatcanwelearnaboutCollegeofArtsandSciences?A.Itislocatedinthecountryside.B.ItisthemostpopularschoolatUP.C.Itseeksemploymentforitsstudents.D.Itpreparesitsstudentsforvariouscareers.2.WhatadvantagedoesUPhaveoverR1universities?A.Itsdisciplinesaremorevaried.B.Itsprofessorsaremoreadmirable.C.Itmoretailoredlearningexperiences.D.Itprovidesmorechancesforhands-onresearch.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Acourseplan.B.Aprogramproposal.C.Anadmissionbrochure.D.Aneducationalreport.【答案】1.D2.C3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹波特蘭大學(xué)文理學(xué)院的學(xué)科、優(yōu)勢(shì)及特色?！?題詳解】Aliberalartsandsciencesdegreeprovidesaversatile(靈活多向的)pathwaytoawiderangeofcareers,andtheCollegetakesfulladvantageofUP’sideallocationincreatinghands-oncareer-buildingexperiencesoutinthefield,whicheveroneyouchoose!(文科與理科的學(xué)位為多樣化職業(yè)發(fā)展提供了靈活路徑，學(xué)院充分利用波特蘭大學(xué)的理想地理位置，為學(xué)生打造實(shí)地實(shí)踐的職業(yè)發(fā)展體驗(yàn)——無(wú)論你選擇哪個(gè)領(lǐng)域！)”可知，該學(xué)院為學(xué)生的各種職業(yè)發(fā)展做準(zhǔn)備。故選D?！?題詳解】WhileR1universitiesincreasinglyrelyongraduatestudentsasinstructors,atUPallclassesaretaughtbyourprofessionalandadmirablefaculty.Thatmeansyourprofessorswillreallygettoknow第4頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)youandwillprovideexpertguidance,advice,anduniqueacademicopportunities!(當(dāng)R1大學(xué)越來(lái)越依賴研究生擔(dān)任講師時(shí)，波特蘭大學(xué)的所有課程均由專業(yè)且令人欽佩的教職人員授課。這意味著你的教授將真正了解你，并為你提供專業(yè)指導(dǎo)、建議及獨(dú)特的學(xué)術(shù)機(jī)會(huì)！)R1UP的教授能提供更具針對(duì)性的學(xué)習(xí)體驗(yàn)。故選C。3題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)第一段“TheoldestandlargestschoolatUniversityofPortland(UP),theCollegeofArtsandSciencesdegreesinthehumanities,naturalsciences,performingarts,socialsciences,andinterdisciplinaryfields.Aliberalartsandsciencesdegreeprovidesaversatile(靈活多向的)pathwaytoawiderangeofcareers,andtheCollegetakesfulladvantageofUP’sideallocationincreatinghands-oncareer-buildingexperiencesoutinthefield,whicheveroneyouchoose!(作為波特蘭大學(xué)（UP）歷史最悠久、規(guī)模最大的學(xué)院，文理學(xué)院提供人文、自然科學(xué)、表演藝術(shù)、社會(huì)科學(xué)及跨學(xué)科領(lǐng)域的學(xué)位。文科與理科的學(xué)位為多樣化職業(yè)發(fā)展提供了靈活路徑，學(xué)院充分利用波特蘭大學(xué)的理想地理位置，為學(xué)生打造實(shí)地實(shí)踐的職業(yè)發(fā)展體驗(yàn)——)及教學(xué)特色展開(kāi)，語(yǔ)言具有宣傳性和吸引力，符合招生手冊(cè)的特點(diǎn)。故選C。BAfewyearsago,achanceencounterwithtraditionalChinesemedicine(TCM)excitedmydeepinterestinthisancientculture.Greatlyfascinated,Idecidedtopursueasystematicstudy.IappliedtoUniversityofChineseMedicine,andIwasoverjoyedthedayIreceivedmyadmissionletter.Atthebeginning,theancientChineseclassicsandcomplexprocessesofherbcollection,identificationandcombinationwerequitechallengingtome.Fortunately,Ihadthepatientguidanceofprofessorsandtheenthusiastichelpofclassmatestorelyon.IrememberwhenIfirststartedlearningacupuncture(針灸),Iwasoftentoohesitanttoactuallyusetheneedles.encourageme,myseniorclassmatesgenerouslyactedaspatients,bravingthediscomforttoletmepracticeacupuncturetechniquesontheirbodies.theirsupportandmotivation,myacupunctureskillssteadilyimproved,andmystudiesquicklygotontrack.Duringmylearningjourney,themostmemorableexperiencewasmyinternship(實(shí)習(xí))attheProvincialHospitalofChineseMedicine.There,Ihadtheopportunitytoparticipatedirectlyinpatientcare.IlookedforwardtoeverySaturdayafternoonwhenIcouldshadowmyteacher.Aftereachpatientconsultation,shewouldgivemeadetailedexplanation:whatthepatient’spulse(脈搏)indicated,whatitrepresentedintermsoftheirconditions,andtheroleofeachherbintheprescription(處方).Thisapproachhelped第5頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)shapemydiagnosticthinkingandwasincrediblybeneficialtome.Eventhoughthismeantshecouldneverleaveworkontime,shenevercomplained.AsanancientChinesesayinggoes,“It’seasiertogetateacherofclassicsthanateacherofcharacter.”MyeverydayinChinahasbeenfilledwithchallengesandsurprises.TCMhastaughtmenotjusttheskillstohealandsavelivesbuthowtoviewlife.Ihavecometounderstandthatthepowerofcultureliesmoreinitsabilitytoconnectheartsthaninitsuniqueness.Peoplefromdifferentculturalbackgroundscanactuallyformstrongconnections.4.WhichofthefollowingdidtheauthorfinddifficultwhenstartingstudyingTCM?A.HowtocollectancientChineseclassics.B.Howtocombinedifferentherbsproperly.C.Howtocommunicateeffectivelywithprofessors.D.HowtounderstandtheancientChinesephilosophy.5.Whydoestheauthormentiontheexperienceoflearningacupuncture?A.showthecomplexityofacupuncture.B.introducetheproceduresofstudyingTCM.C.illustratethesupportivelearningenvironment.D.stressthedangersofimproperacupuncturetechniques.6.Whatdoestheauthormeanbythesayinginparagraph4?A.HisTCMteacherishighlyprofessional.B.HisTCMteacherisselflessanddevoted.C.HisTCMteacherisstrictanddemanding.D.HisTCMteacheriseasytogetalongwith.7.WhatdoestheauthorlearnfromtheexperienceofstudyingTCM?A.Lifeisprecious.B.HardworkpaysC.Uniquenessunites,notdivides.D.Cultureisabridge,notawall.【答案】4.B5.C6.B7.D【解析】(TCM)第6頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)敘述自己在學(xué)習(xí)傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)過(guò)程中的困難、成長(zhǎng)和啟發(fā)，表達(dá)了對(duì)中醫(yī)文化的深厚興趣以及所學(xué)到的生活智慧?！?題詳解】IrememberwhenIfirststartedlearningacupuncture(針灸),Iwasoftentoohesitanttoactuallyusetheneedles.encourageme,myseniorclassmatesgenerouslyactedaspatients,bravingthediscomforttoletmepracticeacupuncturetechniquesontheirbodies.theirsupportandmotivation,myacupunctureskillssteadilyimproved,andmystudiesquicklygotontrack.(一開(kāi)始，中國(guó)古代的經(jīng)典和復(fù)雜的草藥采集、鑒定和搭配過(guò)程對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)是相當(dāng)具有挑戰(zhàn)性的)”可知，作者在剛開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)中醫(yī)時(shí)，覺(jué)得草藥的采集、鑒定和搭配的復(fù)雜過(guò)程很有挑戰(zhàn)性。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Fortunately,Ihadthepatientguidanceofprofessorsandtheenthusiastichelpofclassmatestorelyon.(我記得當(dāng)我剛開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)針灸的時(shí)候，我常常太猶豫了，不敢實(shí)際使用針灸。為了鼓勵(lì)我，我的高年級(jí)同學(xué)慷慨地充當(dāng)病人，冒著不適讓我在他們身上練習(xí)針灸技術(shù)。在他們的支持和激勵(lì)下，我的針灸技術(shù)穩(wěn)步提高，我的學(xué)業(yè)也很快步入正軌)”可知，作者提到剛開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)針灸時(shí)遇到的困難。為了鼓勵(lì)他，學(xué)長(zhǎng)們自愿成為“病人”，忍受不適讓他練習(xí)針灸。這段經(jīng)歷的目的是展示學(xué)長(zhǎng)們的支持，以及學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中友好和互助的環(huán)境。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Aftereachpatientconsultation,shewouldgivemeadetailedexplanation:whatthepatient’spulse(脈搏)indicated,whatitrepresentedintermsoftheirconditions,andtheroleofeachherbintheprescription(處方).Thisapproachhelpedshapemydiagnosticthinkingandwasincrediblybeneficialtome.Eventhoughthismeantshecouldneverleaveworkontime,shenevercomplained.(解釋：病人的脈象說(shuō)明了什么，從病情角度如何解讀，以及處方中每一味中藥的作用。這種帶教方式塑造了我的診斷思維，讓我獲益匪淺。盡管這意味著她從未準(zhǔn)時(shí)下過(guò)班，但她從不抱怨)”可知，老師詳細(xì)解釋病例以及從未抱怨加班等可推斷，作者想表達(dá)的是這位中醫(yī)老師非常無(wú)私和奉獻(xiàn)，愿意花時(shí)間耐心指導(dǎo)學(xué)生。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“TCMhastaughtmenotjusttheskillstohealandsavelivesbuthowtoviewlife.Ihavecometounderstandthatthepowerofcultureliesmoreinitsabilitytoconnectheartsthaninitsuniqueness.Peoplefromdifferentculturalbackgroundscanactuallyformstrongconnections.(中醫(yī)不僅教會(huì)了我治療和拯救生命的技巧，還教會(huì)了我如何看待生命。我開(kāi)始明白，文化的力量更多地在于它連接心靈的能力，而不是第7頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)它的獨(dú)特性。來(lái)自不同文化背景的人實(shí)際上可以形成牢固的聯(lián)系)”可知，中醫(yī)教會(huì)了作者如何看待生命，并意識(shí)到文化的力量不僅僅體現(xiàn)在它的獨(dú)特性上，更體現(xiàn)在它能夠連接人心。這句話表明，文化是一座橋梁，而不是隔閡。故選D。Cseenithappen:youpresentafact—clear,undeniable—andinsteadofreconsideringtheirposition,theotherpersondoublesdown.“Ijustdon’tbelieveit,”theysay.Thisconfusingresistanceisn’tjustfrustrating;it’sdeeplyhuman.Ourbrainsarewirednotmerelytoseektruth,buttodefendidentity.tothemind’sfirewall—ourinternalsystemthatprotectsbeliefsfromintruding(侵入的)evidence.Andyet,understandingthisfirewallisthefirststeptodisarmingit,forourselvesandothers.InElizabethKolbert’sarticle“WhyFactsDon’tChangeOurMinds,”shedrawsonstudiesincognitivesciencetoshowthatreasoningevolvednottofindtruth,buttowinarguments.Ourbrainsoftenfavor“motivatedreasoning”—seekinginformationthatsupportsourviewsanddiscountingevidencethatchallengesthem.Thistendency,knownas“confirmationbias(偏見(jiàn))”,helpsusmaintainaconsistentsenseofselfandstayinlinewithoursocialgroups.Thismakesconversationslessaboutlearningandmoreaboutdefendingone’sterritory.Thinkofyourmindlikeacomputer.Factsarelikedatapacketstryingtogetthroughyourfirewall.Butunlesstheymeetcertaincriteria—emotionalrelevance,socialsafety,identitycompatibility(兼容)—they’reblocked.Theminddoesn’tsimplytakeinrawinformation;ittriestomakesenseofit.Factsalonearen’tenoughtotrulyconnectorstick.Thisisespeciallytrueinemotionallychargedfieldslikepolitics,health,oridentity.Whenwefeelthreatened,theemotionalbrainoverridestherational(理智的)brain.Whatfeelstrueoutweighswhatistrue.Iffactscan’tgetpastthefirewall,whatcan?AsdiscussedinmybookTheArtofChange,it’snotabouttearingdownthefirewall,butaboutfindingalternativepathsaroundit—narrative,emotion,andrelationship.Nexttimeyou’retryingtochangesomeone’smind—oryourown—remember:leadwithconnection,notargument.Startwithsharedexperiencesorvalues.Usestories,notjustanalytics.Andstayopenyourself.this:Thinkofabeliefyouholdstrongly.Thenwritedownthreereasonssomeonemightseeitdifferently—notarguments,butgenuinelythoughtfulreasons.Doingthiswon’tmakeyouweakerinyourbeliefs.It’llmakeyouwiserinyourunderstanding.8.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthemind’sfirewall?A.Itisnatural.B.Itisconfusing.C.Itisbeneficial.D.Itisnecessary.9.Whydoourbrainsfavor“motivatedreasoning”?第8頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)A.Ithelpspeopleseektruth.B.Itallowspeopletodefendidentity.C.Itmakespeoplelearnmoreaboutthemselves.D.Itenablespeopletoovercomeanychallenges.10.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Thescientificmethodforprocessingfacts.B.Theunderlyinglogicofthemind’sfirewall.C.Thebiologicalstructureofthehumanbrain.D.Theconflictbetweenemotionalandrationalbrains.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdotochangeothers’minds?A.Argueagainsttheirbeliefs.B.Presentathroughanalysistothem.C.Formanemotionalbondwiththem.D.themtobemoreopen-minded.【答案】8.A9.B10.BC【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章通過(guò)引用研究數(shù)據(jù)和案例，探討了人類認(rèn)知偏見(jiàn)和文化接受度的現(xiàn)象，并提出了如何有效改變他人觀點(diǎn)的方法?！?題詳解】Thisconfusingresistanceisn’tjustfrustrating;it’sdeeplyhuman.(這種令人困惑的阻力不僅令人沮喪；這是人性使然)”可知，作者認(rèn)為mind’sfirewall是人類大腦的自然機(jī)制，故選A項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Ourbrainsoftenfavor‘motivatedreasoning’—seekinginformationthatsupportsourviewsanddiscountingevidencethatchallengesthem.Thistendency,knownas‘confirmationbias(偏見(jiàn))’,helpsusmaintainaconsistentsenseofselfandstayinlinewithoursocialgroups.(我們的大腦通常傾向于‘有動(dòng)機(jī)的推理’——尋找支持我們觀點(diǎn)的信息，而忽略挑戰(zhàn)我們觀點(diǎn)的證據(jù)。這種傾向被稱為‘確認(rèn)偏見(jiàn)’，)motivatedreasoning維護(hù)自我認(rèn)同和社會(huì)歸屬感，故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】第9頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)主旨大意題。第三段“Thinkofyourmindlikeacomputer.Factsarelikedatapacketstryingtogetthroughyourfirewall.Butunlesstheymeetcertaincriteria—emotionalrelevance,socialsafety,identitycompatibility(兼容)—they’reblocked.Theminddoesn’tsimplytakeinrawinformation;ittriestomakesenseofit.Factsalonearen’tenoughtotrulyconnectorstick.Thisisespeciallytrueinemotionallychargedfieldslikepolitics,health,oridentity.Whenwefeelthreatened,theemotionalbrainoverridestherational(理智的)brain.Whatfeelstrueoutweighswhatistrue.(些標(biāo)準(zhǔn)——情感相關(guān)性、社會(huì)安全感、身份兼容性——否則他們就會(huì)被拒之門(mén)外。大腦并不是簡(jiǎn)單地接受原始信息；它試圖讓它有意義。事實(shí)本身并不足以真正建立聯(lián)系。這在政治、健康或身份等情緒化的領(lǐng)域尤其如此。當(dāng)我們感到威脅時(shí)，感性的大腦會(huì)壓倒理性的大腦。感覺(jué)真實(shí)的東西比真實(shí)的東西重要)”通過(guò)防火墻的運(yùn)作邏輯，故選B項(xiàng)?！绢}詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Nexttimeyou’retryingtochangesomeone’smind—oryourown—remember:leadwithconnection,notargument.Startwithsharedexperiencesorvalues.Usestories,notjustanalytics.Andstayopenyourself.(下次當(dāng)你試圖改變別人或你自己的想法時(shí)，記?。阂月?lián)系為導(dǎo)向，而不是爭(zhēng)論。從共同的經(jīng)歷或價(jià)值觀開(kāi)始。使用故事，而不僅僅是分析)”可知，此處提出“以聯(lián)系為導(dǎo)向，而不是爭(zhēng)論”，即以情感共鳴而非爭(zhēng)論為主導(dǎo)，并建議“使用故事，而不僅僅是分析”，可見(jiàn)是要建立情感聯(lián)系，故選C項(xiàng)。DAmirGoldbergdiscoveredafunnythingaboutAmericancultureonhiswaytoresearchingthecomplextopic.GoldbergandhiscolleaguesatStanfordanduniversitiesanalyzedmillionsofandNetflixreviewstorevealthatpeopleconsideredthemostculturallyadventurousareactuallythemostresistanttoexperiencesperceivedas“crossingtheline.”Thatis,thosedescribedas“culturalomnivores(雜食動(dòng)物)”—becausetheyeatThaiforlunch,playbocceballafterwork,andstreamaFrenchfilmthatnight—aretheveryonesopposedtomixingitup.Nohummusontheirhotdogs,forgetaboutspaghettianddonotmentionSwitched-OnBach.Thoseofferingsarenotconsideredculturallyauthentic.Theyareahodgepodge(混雜物)towhichthesefolkswouldlikelywrinkletheircollectivenoses.findthesepeoplehatethemostatypicalofferings,”saysGoldberg.“Theycanpretendtobethemostopen,butitturnsouttheyarenot.Bybeingmulticultural,theyarethemostconservativeandthemostresistantto第10頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)changes.”Thefindingsareoppositetopreviousresearch,whichviewedomnivorousnessasopenness.Instead,Goldberg,alongwithMichaelT.Hannan,professoremeritusoforganizationalbehavioratStanfordGSBandBalazsKovacsofUniversity,writeintheirpaperthat“atasteforvarietydecreasesone’sreceptivitytoculturalinnovation.”Butastheteam’sresearchpointsout,thereisasubsetofconsumerswhoareopentochange.“Forculturalnoveltytohaveanimpactandoccasionallydrivechange,someagentsmustbetoleranttobreakingtraditionalboundaries,”hesays.Thetrickistofindanddevelopthem,asSteveJobsdidwiththeiPhone.GoldbergnotesthatwhentheiPhonewasfirstintroduced,itconfusedthepublic.Whatisit?Aphone?Acomputer?Manysawtheproductanddismissedit,decidingphonesareforpersonalcommunicationandcomputersarefortheTheprofessornotesthatitwasJobsandhisloyalfollowerswhochangedminds,changedhabits,andultimatelychangedtheglobalculture.12.Whatdoweknowabout“culturalomnivores”?A.Theyareunwillingtochange.B.Theyareadventurouscustomers.C.TheyprioritizeAmericanculture.D.Theyhateculturallyauthenticofferings.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“”inparagraph4mean?A.Heavilydependenton.B.Greatlysuperiorto.C.Closelyconnectedwith.D.Completelycontraryto.14.WhatdoesGoldbergthinkoftheiPhone?A.Confusing.B.Pioneering.C.Convenient.D.Effective.15.Whatisthekeytoovercomingculturalresistanceaccordingtothetext?A.Educatingthepublic.B.Settingtraditionalboundaries.C.Developinginnovativeproducts.第11頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)D.Makinguseoftheopen-minded.【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.D【解析】AmirGoldberg度?！?2題詳解】Thatis,thosedescribedas“culturalomnivores(雜食動(dòng)物)”—becausetheyeatThaiforlunch,playbocceballafterwork,andstreamaFrenchfilmthatnight—aretheveryonesopposedtomixingitup.國(guó)電影——恰恰是反對(duì)混合的人。)”以及第三段“Bybeingmulticultural,theyarethemostconservativeandthemostresistanttochanges.對(duì)文化混合，也是最保守和不愿意改變的，故選A?！?3題詳解】Thefindingsareoppositetopreviousresearch,(這一發(fā)現(xiàn)與之前的研究結(jié)果atasteforvarietydecreasesone’sreceptivitytoculturalinnovation(對(duì)多樣性的偏好會(huì)降低一個(gè)人對(duì)文化創(chuàng)新的接受能力)”可知，Goldberg的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)與之前的研究結(jié)果截然相反，之前的研究認(rèn)為雜食性（omnivorousness）和開(kāi)放性是synonymouswith關(guān)系，而現(xiàn)在研究表明并非如此，所以synonymouswith應(yīng)是“緊密相連”的意思。故選C。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。最后一段“Thetrickistofindanddevelopthem,asSteveJobsdidwiththeiPhone.GoldbergnotesthatwhentheiPhonewasfirstintroduced,itconfusedthepublic.Whatisit?Aphone?Acomputer?Manysawtheproductanddismissedit,decidingphonesareforpersonalcommunicationandcomputersarefortheTheprofessornotesthatitwasJobsandhisloyalfollowerswhochangedminds,changedhabits,andultimatelychangedtheglobalculture.(關(guān)鍵在于找到并開(kāi)發(fā)它們，就像史蒂夫?喬布斯開(kāi)發(fā)iPhoneiPhone首次推出時(shí)，它讓公眾感到困惑。這是什么？一個(gè)電話嗎?電腦嗎?許多人看到這款產(chǎn)品后都不以為然，認(rèn)為手機(jī)是用于個(gè)人交流，電腦是用于辦公室的。這位教授指出，是喬布斯和他的忠實(shí)追隨者改變了思想、習(xí)慣，并最終改變了全球文化。)”可知，Goldberg以iPhone為例子進(jìn)行說(shuō)明，提到iPhone最初被公眾質(zhì)疑，但喬布斯及其追隨者最終改變了全球文化，從而推斷，Goldberg認(rèn)為它是開(kāi)創(chuàng)性的，故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段““Forculturalnoveltytohaveanimpactandoccasionallydrivechange,some第12頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)agentsmustbetoleranttobreakingtraditionalboundaries,”hesays.Thetrickistofindanddevelopthem,asSteveJobsdidwiththeiPhone.(關(guān)鍵在于找到并開(kāi)發(fā)它們，就像史蒂夫?喬布斯開(kāi)發(fā)iPhone一樣。)”以及最后一段喬布斯和其追隨者改變文化的例子可知，克服文化抵制的關(guān)鍵是利用那些思想開(kāi)放的人。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)共5小題每小題分，滿分分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Dealingwithnegativitycanbedifficult,especiallywhenyou’renothappywithwhoyouare.____16____However,laughingatyourselfisasurprisinglyeffectivewaytodealwithnegativecircumstances.Herearesometipstolearntolaughatyourselfmoreinlife.Acceptyourself.knowthatnobodyisperfect.____17____Whentalkingaboutthe“negatives”,it’sextremelyimportanttoknowwhichpartsofyourselfcanbechangedandwhichcan’t.Forexample,there’snopointinbeingangryatyourselfbecauseyouaren’tastallasyou’dliketobe.cantryallyouwant,butyou’llneverchangethosefeaturesofyourself.____18____Acceptingyourselfisoftensohardbecauseyouaren’tevenlookingatyourself—you’rejustlookingathowwellyoudoacertainthing.probablydoneityourself.didn’tliftasmuchweightinthegymastheguynexttoyou?weak.didn’tfinishalloftheworkyouplannedtodo?lazy.____19____Soinstead,youshouldrealizethatasingleactiondoesn’tdeterminewhoyouare.Thismeansthatlaughingaboutamistakeyouoncemadedoesn’tmeanyou’relaughingatwhoyouareasaperson.Behumble.can’tlaughatyourselfwhileatthesametimetryingtomaintaintheimagethatyou’reawesomeateverythingyoudo.Inotherwords,you’dbetteravoidshowingandbemorehumbleinstead.Agoodtipistothinkofhowinsignificantyouareintheuniverse.____20____Itremindsyouthatwhateverproblemsyou’redealingwithrightnowdon’tmatterintheend.A.Bemindfulofothers.B.Thisknowledgecanbefreeinginaway.C.Separateyourselffromyourperformance.D.Sohowcanyoulearntolaughaboutyourself?E.Sowhywouldyouexpectyourselftobeanydifferent?F.canmakeamistake,butthatdoesn’tmakeyouthemistake.G.Thelastthingyouwantatthispointisforsomeonetolaughatyou.第13頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)【答案】16.G17.E18.C19.F20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹應(yīng)對(duì)消極情緒時(shí)自嘲的作用及學(xué)會(huì)自嘲的幾點(diǎn)建議。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Dealingwithnegativitycanbedifficult,especiallywhenyou’renothappywithwhoyouare.(應(yīng)對(duì)消極情緒可能很困難，尤其是當(dāng)你對(duì)自己不滿意時(shí))”可知，此處描述負(fù)面情緒下的心理狀態(tài)，結(jié)合下文的“However,laughingatyourselfisasurprisinglyeffectivewaytodealwithnegativecircumstances.(料的是，自嘲是應(yīng)對(duì)負(fù)面處境的一種非常有效的方式)”可知，此處提出自嘲是有效方法，由此可知，此空為過(guò)渡句，G選項(xiàng)“Thelastthingyouwantatthispointisforsomeonetolaughatyou.(此時(shí)你最不希望的就是有人嘲笑你)”承接上文，進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明對(duì)他人嘲笑的抵觸心理，與下文形成轉(zhuǎn)折，引出“自嘲”這一核心話題，符合語(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】上文“knowthatnobodyisperfect.(你知道沒(méi)有人是完美的)下文的“Whentalkingaboutthe“negatives”,it’sextremelyimportanttoknowwhichpartsofyourselfcanbechangedandwhichcan’t.(的)E選項(xiàng)“Sowhywouldyouexpectyourselftobeanydifferent?(那么你為什么要期待自己與眾不同呢？)”承接了上文，以反問(wèn)句強(qiáng)調(diào)人應(yīng)接受自身不完美，與前文形成因果關(guān)系，且引出下文“區(qū)分可改變與不可改變的部分”的論述。故選E項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】分析語(yǔ)篇可知，此處為本段主題句，根據(jù)下文“Acceptingyourselfisoftensohardbecauseyouaren’tevenlookingatyourself—you’rejustlookingathowwellyoudoacertainthing.(有在審視自己，而是只關(guān)注自己在某件事上的表現(xiàn))”可知，本段主要討論接受自己很困難地原因，C選項(xiàng)“Separateyourselffromyourperformance.(將自己與表現(xiàn)區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái))題，概括下文內(nèi)容，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C項(xiàng)。【19題詳解】上文“didn’tliftasmuchweightinthegymastheguynexttoyou?weak.didn’tfinishalloftheworkyouplannedtodo?lazy.(你在健身房舉起的重量不如旁邊那個(gè)人多？你太弱了。你沒(méi)能完成計(jì)劃好的所有工作？你太懶了)”可知，此處列舉了兩個(gè)具體的例子說(shuō)明一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，結(jié)合下文的“Soinstead,youshouldrealizethatasingleactiondoesn’tdeterminewhoyouare.(決定你是誰(shuí))”可知，本空應(yīng)該是對(duì)上文錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)的否定，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“canmakeamistake,butthatdoesn’t第14頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)makeyouthemistake.()且與下文為因果關(guān)系。故選F項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】上文“Agoodtipistothinkofhowinsignificantyouareintheuniverse.(一個(gè)好的建議是想想你在宇宙中有多渺小)”提出具體做法，結(jié)合下文的“Itremindsyouthatwhateverproblemsyou’redealingwithrightnowdon’tmatterintheend.()的進(jìn)一步闡述，B選項(xiàng)“Thisknowledgecanbefreeinginaway.(這種認(rèn)知在某種程度上可以讓人感到解脫)”承接了上文，闡述該做法的效果，且與下文闡述的內(nèi)容銜接。故選B項(xiàng)。第三部分：語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用共兩節(jié)，滿分分)第一節(jié)共個(gè)小題每小題1分，滿分分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)、、C和中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Mygrandmothersetupaverysuccessfulbusinessasawidowed(寡居的)womanintheSouthinthe1950s.Shehadtobe____21____,andmyfatherwastoo—handsomeandambitious,tobesure,butalsotough.Hepridedhimselfonthe____22____ofhischildren.Evenasalittlegirl____23____tojumprope,IknewIcould____24____approvalthroughphysicaltrials.His____25____wasasintenseashisexpectationswerehigh.Theabsenceinhislifethathis____26____hadleftbehindinhislifewasvast.Sohewasdeterminedtobepresent,tonever____27____somuchasaLittleLeaguegame.Hewashomeeverydayatfivethirty,____28____asclockwork.Hecoachedmysoccerteaminthepark.Hehadno____29____ofbeingafather,becausefatherhoodhadneverbeenmodeledforhim.____30____,hefigureditoutFrommyfather,Ilearnedwhatit____31____tobeabusinessperson.Iunderstoodthathisemployeesneededtoseehis____32____.Onweekendsandholidays,hewoulddrivearoundand____33____theclerkstomakesurebusinesswasrunningsmoothly.Andonsnowdaysafewtimesayear,Iwouldgowithmydadtohelp____34____thestoressothatpeoplecouldgetfood,essentials,andgas.tookpridein____35____apublicservice;wewerepartofthefabricofourtown.21.A.warm-heartedB.strong-willedC.open-mindedD.good-tempered22.A.kindnessB.independenceC.achievementsD.talents23.A.learningB.promisingC.failingD.pretending24.A.winB.expressC.requireD.deny25.A.passionB.ambitionC.curiosityD.devotion第15頁(yè)/共24頁(yè)26.A.motherB.fatherC.grandmotherD.child27.A.interruptB.escapeC.missD.forget28.A.predictableB.accessibleC.replaceableD.respectable29.A.intentionB.conceptC.chanceD.fear30.A.InsteadB.OtherwiseC.ThereforeD.Nevertheless31.A.tookB.C.meantD.changed32.A.generosityB.courageC.leadershipD.confidence33.A.fillinforB.checkinonC.takecareofD.cutinon34.A.promoteB.emptyC.cleanD.open35.A.providingB.expandingC.usingD.restoring【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.A25.D26.B27.C28.A29.B30.D31.C32.C33.B34.D35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者祖母和父親的堅(jiān)強(qiáng)品格，以及父親言傳身教對(duì)作者的影響?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她必須意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，我的父親也是——英俊瀟灑、雄心勃勃，但也很堅(jiān)強(qiáng)。A.warm-heartedB.strong-willedC.open-mindedD.good-tempered脾氣好的。根據(jù)后文“andalsotough”可知，祖母必須意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，父親也是。故選B。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他為自己孩子的成就感到驕傲。A.kindness善良；B.independence獨(dú)立；C.achievements成就；D.talents天賦。根據(jù)上文“Hepridedhimselfonthe”和下文“IknewIcould4approvalthroughphysicaltrials.”可知，父親會(huì)為孩子的成就感到驕傲。故選C。【23題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：甚至在我還是個(gè)小女孩的時(shí)候