②寒假預(yù)習(xí)-高一英語(yǔ)寒假檢測(cè)卷01 (教師版)2025年高一英語(yǔ)寒假銜接講練 (譯林版)

高一英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期開(kāi)學(xué)收心卷01英語(yǔ)總分：150分考試時(shí)間：120分鐘注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)項(xiàng)目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。第一部分：聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdidthemandolastnight?A.Hesawamovie. B.Hewenttothepark. C.Hebookedsometickets.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Did

you

enjoythemovielastnight?M:Wecouldn’tgetanytickets,sowewenttotheparkinstead.2.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Collectacustomer. B.Drivehertotheairport. C.LookforGreg.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:John,I’vebeenlookingforyou.M:Isthereaproblem?W:No.IneedsomeonetopickupacustomerfromtheairportonSaturday.M:IthoughtGregwasdoingthat.3.WhatrelationisTimtoJenny?A.Herheadteacher. B.Herfuturehusband. C.Herelderbrother.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:MysisterJenny’sgettingmarried!M:Really?When?W:Nextmonth.She’smarryingTimshemetwhentheywerestudyinginCanada,andwe’reallgoingtoTorontoforthewedding.M:Soundsgreat.Andhowaboutyourbrother?What’shebeendoinglately?4.Whenwillthefirstperformanceend?A.At7:00. B.At9:00. C.At9:10.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Could

you

tellmethestartingtimesforbothperformances?M:Thefirstbeginsat7

and

itlastsfor2hours.Andthentheotheronebegins10minuteslater.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Acity. B.Abook. C.Apark.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:NewYorkisabeautifulcity!Iamsohappywearehere,Mike.M:IamexcitedtoseeCentralPark.Tanya,howmanyparksdoesNewYorkCityhave?W:Iwilllookinmybook.Hmmm,hereitis!NewYorkCityhasmorethan1,700parks.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.Whereisthemangoing?A.Toalibrary. B.Tohishome. C.Toacafe.7.Whatdoesthemanthinkofhispart-timejob?A.It’sbadly-paid. B.It’sboring. C.It’ssatisfactory.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】W:Hi,Bob!Whereareyouoffto?

M:

Tothelibrary.Ihavetofinishthehomeworkfortomorrow’sclass.

W:

Whydon’tyoudoitathome?

M:

Ihaveapart-timejobintheeveningsowhenIgethome,I’llbetootiredtodoit.

W:

Wheredoyouwork?

M:

Iworkinacafe.

W:

Whydoyoulikethejob?

M:

It’sinteresting.Ireallyenjoyworkingwithpeopleandgetextramoney.

W:

Howisthepay?

M:

Thepay’salright.Iget￡7anhour.IwouldliketoearnmoreasIneedalotofmoneytobuyanewsmartphone.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.Whoisansweringthephone?A.Sam. B.Ben. C.Michelle.9.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.VisitBentomorrow.B.Changethemeetingtime.C.InviteMichelleforlunch.【答案】8.C9.B【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Michelle.ThisisSam.

CanIspeak

withBen?W:Hi,Sam.No,I’msorry.He’snothomerightnow.M:Doyouknowwhenhe’llbeback?W:He’s

goingtobe

outforseveralhours.Doyouwanttoleaveamessage?M:Yeah,thanks.I’msupposedtomeetBenatCafeJoanforlunchatnoontomorrow.ButIhavetoseethedoctor,so

I’mgoingto

beafewminuteslate.W:Doyouknowwhattimeyou’regoingtobethere?M:I’lltrytogetthereassoonasIcan.I

shouldbethere

by12:30.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。10.WhatdoweknowaboutKempTownBeach?A.Itisknownforitscoastalwalks.B.Itisneartheman’shome.C.Thewaterthereisclean.11.Whichbeachwillthespeakersgoto?ACanveyIslandBeach. B.KempTownBeach. C.BirlingGapBeach.12.Howwillthespeakersgotothebeach?A.Bycar. B.Bytaxi. C.Bytrain.【答案】10.A11.C12.C【解析】原文】W:Doyouwanttogotothebeachthisweekend?Bobiscomingtoo.M:I’dloveto!Whichbeacharewegoingto?W:Well,wehaven’tdecidedyet.ThenearestbeachLondonhasisCanveyIslandBeach.Itonlytakesanhour’sdrivefromLondon,butwegothereoften.M:WecangotoKempTownBeachinBrightonorBirlingGapBeachinEastSussex.KempTownisfamousforitscoastalwalks,theSevenSisterspathalongthesouthcoast.Wecansurf,swim,andflykites.W:Soundsfun!Butthewaterisnotsoclean.IprefertogotoBirlingGapbecausethewaterqualityisexcellent.M:Howlongdoesittaketogetthere?W:It’lltakeusabouttwohourstogotherebytrain.M:Actually,Idon’tliketravelingbytrain,butsinceIwillbetravelingwithmyfriendsitshouldbeOK.W:Great.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。13.Whoencouragedthemantolearncooking?A.Hisgrandmother. B.Hismother. C.Histeacher.14.Howlongdidtheclasslast?A.6hours. B.8hours. C.10hours.15.Whatdidthemandoafterthefirsthalfhour?A.Hemadeameal. B.Hetastedsomedishes. C.Heboughtsomefoods.16.Howdidthemanfeelattheendoftheday?A.Tired. B.Dissatisfied. C.Happy.【答案】13.B14.B15.A16.C【解析】【原文】W:HiAdam.Howisthecookingcourseyou’redoing?M:Well,itwasmymotherwhotoldmetodoit.AtfirstIthoughtitwouldn’tbesointerestingasIdon’twanttobeacooklikeher.Buthalf

an

houraftertheclassstarted,Irealizeditwasgreatfun.W:I’msureitwasagreatwaytospendtheday.M:Itwas!Wewereinakitchenfrom10a.m.to6p.m.Itwasaveryinterestingexperience.Afterthefirsthalfhourwhentheteachertolduswhattouse,ittookmeonlythreehourstomakeaveryspecialmealwithverysimplefoodssuchascheese,vegetablesandeggs.WhenIgotbackintheeveningIwasreallyhappyabouttheresults.W:Wasthekitchenlarge?M:Verylarge.AndtodayI’lltrytomakeamealformygrandmother.Shereallylovestryingnewdishes.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17.Whatdoesthespeakerremindthelistenerstodo?A.Buysomephotosfirst. B.Avoidtakingpictures. C.Followhimintothegate.18.WhereisMarilynMonroe’shouse?A.Ontheleft. B.Ontheright. C.Aroundthecorner.19.WhatisJoeDiMaggio?A.Anactor. B.Abasketballplayer. C.Abaseballplayer.20.Whosehouseisyellow?A.JamesDean’s. B.JoeDiMaggio’s. C.ArnoldSchwarzenegger’s.【答案】17.B18.A19.C20.A【解析】【原文】M:Goodafternoon,andwelcometoHollywood,California.AndI’myourtourguide,Jack.Ihopeyouallenjoytoday’stourofthehousesofthestars.Herewego!Nowremember,youcanbuyphotosofallthestars’houseswhenthetourisover,sopleasedon’ttakeanypicturesduringthetour,okay?UpontheleftisthehousewhereMarilynMonroelived.Aftershegotmarried,sheleftthishouseandmovedtoNewYorktolivewithherhusband,afamousAmericanbaseballplayernamedJoeDiMaggio.Now,justaroundthecorneryou’llseeabrightyellowhouse.Canyouseeit?Uponthehill?ThisiswhereJamesDeanlived.Finally,doyouseethatbiggateontheright?Well,thisistheentrancetoArnoldSchwarzenegger’shouse.Unfortunately,youcan’tseethehousefromhere,andwe’renotallowedtogoinsidethegate.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分42.5分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A(江蘇省泰州市2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期末模擬)ChineseLanguageProgramforInternationalStudentsThenon-degreeChineseLanguageProgramofChongqingUniversityoffersChineselanguageandculturecoursestointernationalstudents.Theprogramcoverslevelsfrombeginnerstoadvancedlearners.ThecoursesincludeComprehensiveChinese,Speaking,Listening,Reading,Writing,andChineseCulture.Requirements●Non-Chinesecitizenswithavalid(有效的)passport,ingoodphysicalandmentalhealth.●Highschoolgraduatesorabove,betweentheagesof18and55.Application(申請(qǐng))Documents●Personalinformationpageofthepassport:Thepassportshallbevalidforatleastoneyear.ForapplicantswhoarealreadyinChina,aphotocopyofVisaorResidencePermitshouldbeprovidedaswell.●Bankstatement:Thebalanceshouldbenolessthan30,000RMB.●Physicalexaminationform:TheformshallbefilledbythedoctorinChineseorEnglish.Examinationresultsshallbeuploaded.Pleasecarefullyplanyourphysicalexaminationscheduleastheresultisvalidforonly6months.●StudyorWorkcertificate(證明):Forapplicantswho’renowstudyingorworkinginalargeorganization,aCertificateofEnrollmentorEmploymentissuedbytheorganizationisrequired.ApplicationandAdmissionProcedures●Visitourwebsite/member/login.do,andcreateanaccountinouronlineapplicationsystem.Fillintheapplicationformanduploadrequiredsupportingdocuments.●Paytheapplicationfeeonlineandhandintheapplication.ApplicationDeadline●31stMayforautumnintake●30thNovemberforspringintakeFees(RMB)●ApplicationFee:400RMB●TuitionFee(學(xué)費(fèi)):7,000RMB/Semester;13,000RMB/YearReferto/Tuition_and_Accommodation_Fees.htmformoreinformation.ContactinformationFormoreinformation,pleasesendanemailtoadmissions@.Wealsowelcomeyoutovisitourwebsite/.21.Whichofthefollowingistherequirementforapplicants?A.Theyshouldbehealthyinmindandbody.B.Theyshouldbeattheageof16orolder.C.TheyshouldbeabletospeakChinesewell.D.Theyshouldbeahighschoolstudent.22.Whatinformationdoallapplicantsoftheprogramhavetoprovide?A.TheirtimeinChina. B.Theirworkexperience.C.Theirlearningability. D.Theirbankstatement.23.Whichofthefollowingcanyouvisittofinishtheapplicationform?A./member/login.doB./C.admissions@D./Tuition_and_Accommodation_Fees.htm【答案】21.A22.D23.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了重慶大學(xué)為國(guó)際學(xué)生提供的漢語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言和文化課程學(xué)習(xí)項(xiàng)目的相關(guān)信息?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Requirements部分的“Non-Chinesecitizenswithavalid(有效的)passport,ingoodphysicalandmentalhealth.(非中國(guó)籍公民，持有效護(hù)照，身心健康。)”可知，申請(qǐng)人需要身心都健康。故選A。【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ApplicationDocuments部分的“Bankstatement:Thebalanceshouldbenolessthan30,000RMB.(銀行對(duì)賬單：余額不低于3萬(wàn)元人民幣。)”可知，申請(qǐng)人必須提供銀行結(jié)單。故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ApplicationandAdmissionProcedures部分的“Visitourwebsite/member/login.do,andcreateanaccountinouronlineapplicationsystem.Fillintheapplicationformanduploadrequiredsupportingdocuments.(訪問(wèn)我們的網(wǎng)站/member/login.do，并在我們的在線申請(qǐng)系統(tǒng)中創(chuàng)建一個(gè)帳戶(hù)。填寫(xiě)申請(qǐng)表并上傳所需證明文件。)”可知，填申請(qǐng)表需要訪問(wèn)https:///member/login.do。故選A。B(廣東省珠海市廣東實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)珠海金灣學(xué)校2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期12月考試)Myhandswereshakinguncontrollably.ItriedincrediblyhardtofocusonthewordsthatIspenthoursputtingdownonpaper.Itriedtoconquermyfearofspeakinginpubliconnumerousoccasionsthroughoutmylife.Duringcollegeandatmyfirstfewjobs,IwouldgetridiculouslynervouswhenIhadtogiveapresentationorleadameeting.PublicspeakinghadbeenmynightmareforaslongasIcouldremember.Theninmymid-thirties,IdecidedtojointhepublicspeakinggroupToastmasters.Ateverymeeting,wewereratedandforcedtocompetewithotherspeakersforanaward.YouwouldthinkthatIwouldwalkawayfromtheseexperiencesasapolishedspeaker,butnothingseemedtowork.Itwasn’tuntilrecently,whenscienceandscientificinstitutionswerebeingattackedforunfairreasonsduringthepandemic,thatIdecidedImustspeakout.Sciencehasmadethiscountryaplacewheredreamscometrue—thisiswhyweallneedtoprotectscience.Inaddition,‘a(chǎn)sasciencewriter,Itrytogetreaderstounderstandhowscienceisrelatedtotheirdailylives.SoIendeduponthatfrighteningstageonthatsunnySaturdayinApril—EarthDay.Despitethebodyshakesandfear,Ipersevered.Thatday,Ilookedoutintothecrowdoflike-mindedsciencesupportersandIfeltcomfort.Reachingthatmilestonegoalofgettingthroughaspeechtrulychangedme.Atalmostforty,Ilearnedthatpassioncansetoffaflamein-myhearttodothingsIneverdreamedpossible.Thedarknessthatledtomyspeechissuretoleadtonewopportunitiesandadventures.24.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“conquer”inPara.1?A.Face. B.Control. C.Forget. D.Develop.25.HowdidtheauthorbehaveaboutpublicspeakingafterleavingToastmasters?A.Hebegantofeellessworried. B.Hebecameapolishedspeaker.C.Heremainedashyspeaker. D.Thingsbecameworseforhim.26.WhatmadetheauthorwanttospeakoutonEarthDay?A.Itwasagoodchancetolearnscience. B.Hemustriseuptoprotecthisprofession.C.ItwasaprojectorganizedbyToastmasters. D.Hecouldn’thavepeopleattackingscience.27.Whatlessondidtheauthordrawfromhissuccessfulspeech?A.Passioncanencourageustoachievetheunachievable.B.Anydifficultycanbeovercomewithgreateffort.C.Sciencecanleadustomakewonderfulchanges.D.Failurecanbesteppingstonestosuccess.【答案】24.B25.C26.D27.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者如何克服對(duì)公開(kāi)演講的恐懼，并在年近四十時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)了自己的激情，最終在科學(xué)演講中找到了新的機(jī)會(huì)和冒險(xiǎn)的經(jīng)歷?！?4題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上一句“Myhandswereshakinguncontrollably.ItriedincrediblyhardtofocusonthewordsthatIspenthoursputtingdownonpaper.(我的手無(wú)法控制地顫抖著。我非常努力地把注意力集中在我花了幾個(gè)小時(shí)寫(xiě)在紙上的單詞上。)”可判斷，作者是想“克服或控制”這種恐懼。選項(xiàng)A“Face(面對(duì))”；選項(xiàng)B“Control(控制)”；選項(xiàng)C“Forget(忘記)”；選項(xiàng)D“Develop(發(fā)展)”。故選B?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Theninmymid-thirties,IdecidedtojointhepublicspeakinggroupToastmasters.Ateverymeeting,wewereratedandforcedtocompetewithotherspeakersforanaward.YouwouldthinkthatIwouldwalkawayfromtheseexperiencesasapolishedspeaker,butnothingseemedtowork.(在我35歲左右的時(shí)候，我決定加入公共演講團(tuán)體Toastmasters。在每次會(huì)議上，我們都會(huì)被評(píng)分，并被迫與其他演講者競(jìng)爭(zhēng)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)。你可能會(huì)認(rèn)為，這些經(jīng)歷會(huì)讓我成為一名出色的演講者，但似乎沒(méi)有什么奏效。)”可知，加入公共演講團(tuán)體Toastmasters對(duì)作者并沒(méi)有什么作用，也就是說(shuō)他仍然是一個(gè)害羞的演講者。故選C。【26題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Itwasn’tuntilrecently,whenscienceandscientificinstitutionswerebeingattackedforunfairreasonsduringthepandemic,thatIdecidedImustspeakout.Sciencehasmadethiscountryaplacewheredreamscometrue—thisiswhyweallneedtoprotectscience.Inaddition,‘a(chǎn)sasciencewriter,Itrytogetreaderstounderstandhowscienceisrelatedtotheirdailylives.(直到最近，當(dāng)科學(xué)和科學(xué)機(jī)構(gòu)在疫情期間因不公平的原因受到攻擊時(shí)，我才決定我必須大聲疾呼?？茖W(xué)使這個(gè)國(guó)家成為夢(mèng)想成真的地方——這就是為什么我們都需要保護(hù)科學(xué)。此外，作為一名科學(xué)作家，我試圖讓讀者了解科學(xué)與他們的日常生活是如何相關(guān)的。)”可知，作者想在地球日發(fā)聲是想保護(hù)科學(xué)，不讓人們攻擊科學(xué)和科學(xué)機(jī)構(gòu)。故選D?！?7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Reachingthatmilestonegoalofgettingthroughaspeechtrulychangedme.Atalmostforty,Ilearnedthatpassioncansetoffaflamein-myhearttodothingsIneverdreamedpossible.Thedarknessthatledtomyspeechissuretoleadtonewopportunitiesandadventures.(完成演講這個(gè)里程碑式的目標(biāo)真的改變了我?？?0歲的時(shí)候，我明白了激情可以點(diǎn)燃我心中的火焰，讓我做一些我做夢(mèng)都想不到的事情。導(dǎo)致我發(fā)表演講的黑暗肯定會(huì)帶來(lái)新的機(jī)會(huì)和冒險(xiǎn)。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為熱情能夠幫助我們做我們以為自己做不到的事情。故選A。C(山東省百師聯(lián)盟2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期12月考試)ScientistsattheUniversityofMassachusetts(UMass)announcedrecentlythattheyhaveworkedouthowtodesignabiofilm(生物膜)thatcollectstheenergyinevaporation(蒸發(fā))andchangesittoelectricity.Thisbiofilm,whichwasannouncedinNature,hastheabilitytochangetheworldofwearableelectronics,poweringeverythingfrompersonalmedicalsensors(感應(yīng)器)topersonalelectronics.“Thisisaveryimpressivetechnology,”saysLiXiumeng,agraduatestudentinelectricalandcomputerenergy,“andunlikeotherso-called‘green-energy’sources,itsproductionisabsolutelygreen.”Thatisbecausethisbiofilm—whichisasheetofbacterialcells(細(xì)菌細(xì)胞)andasthinasasheetofpaper—isproducednaturallybyanimprovedversionofthebacteriumGeo.Geoisknowntoproduceelectricityandhasbeenusedbeforein“microbialbatteries”topowerelectricalequipment.ButsuchbatteriesrequirethatGeobeproperlycaredforandfedacontinuousdiet.Bycontrast,thisnewbiofilm,whichcansupplyasmuchenergyasabatteryofthesimilarsize,workscontinuously,becauseitisdead.Andbecauseitisdead,itdoesn’tneedtobefed.Thesecretbehindthisnewbiofilmisthatitmakesenergyfromthemoisture(水分)onyourskin.Whilewedailyreadstoriesaboutsolarpower(太陽(yáng)能),atleast50%ofthesolarenergyreachingtheearthgoestowardevaporatingwater.“Thisisahuge,undiscoveredsourceofenergy,”saysYeXun,professorofelectricalandcomputerengineeringatUMass,andthepaper’soneseniorauthor.Sincethesurfaceofourskinisalwayswetwithsweat,thebiofilmcanmakeuseofitandchangetheenergylockedinevaporationintoenoughenergytopowersmallequipment.“Ournextstepistoincreasethesizeofourfilmtopowermoresmarterwearableelectronics,”saysYe,andLipointsoutthatoneofthegoalsistopowerentireelectronicsystems,ratherthansingleequipment.28.WhichcanbiofilmdoaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Inventwearableelectronics. B.Getpowerfromevaporation.C.Supplyenergytomicrobialbatteries. D.Producemoreelectricitythanbefore.29.Thebiofilmisbetterthan“microbialbatteries”because.A.itisrelativelythinner B.itisenvironmentallyfriendlyC.itappliesarareenergysource D.itdecreasesthecostinusage30.WhatdoYeandLithinkofthefutureofthebiofilm?A.Doubtful. B.Bright. C.Unclear. D.Harmful.31.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tointroduceustoanewbiofilm.B.Todescribethedisadvantagesofthebiofilm.C.Tocomparethenewbiofilmwithothers.D.Tochangepeople’sviewonthenewbiofilm.【答案】28.B29.D30.B31.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章介紹了一種生物膜，可以在蒸發(fā)過(guò)程中收集能量，并將其轉(zhuǎn)化為電能。并且其生產(chǎn)也是真正的綠色環(huán)保。【28題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“ScientistsattheUniversityofMassachusetts(UMass)announcedrecentlythattheyhaveworkedouthowtodesignabiofilm(生物膜)thatcollectstheenergyinevaporation(蒸發(fā))andchangesittoelectricity.(馬薩諸塞大學(xué)(UniversityofMassachusetts,UMass)的科學(xué)家最近宣布，他們已經(jīng)設(shè)計(jì)出一種生物膜，可以收集蒸發(fā)過(guò)程中的能量并將其轉(zhuǎn)化為電能。)”可知，生物膜從蒸發(fā)中獲取能量，故選B?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Bycontrast,thisnewbiofilm,whichcansupplyasmuchenergyasabatteryofthesimilarsize,workscontinuously,becauseitisdead.Andbecauseitisdead,itdoesn’tneedtobefed.(相比之下，這種新的生物膜可以提供與同等大小的電池一樣多的能量，并且可以連續(xù)工作，因?yàn)樗撬赖摹Ｒ驗(yàn)樗呀?jīng)死了，所以不需要喂食。)”可知，生物膜與微生物電池相比，其優(yōu)勢(shì)是降低了使用成本，故選D?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Thisisahuge,undiscoveredsourceofenergy(這是一種巨大的、未被發(fā)現(xiàn)的能源)”和““Ournextstepistoincreasethesizeofourfilmtopowermoresmarterwearableelectronics,”saysYe,andLipointsoutthatoneofthegoalsistopowerentireelectronicsystems,ratherthansingleequipment.(Ye說(shuō)：“我們的下一步是增加薄膜的尺寸，為更智能的可穿戴電子設(shè)備供電?！盠i指出，目標(biāo)之一是為整個(gè)電子系統(tǒng)供電，而不是單個(gè)設(shè)備。)”可知，Ye和Li認(rèn)為生物膜的未來(lái)是光明的，故選B?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段的“ScientistsattheUniversityofMassachusetts(UMass)announcedrecentlythattheyhaveworkedouthowtodesignabiofilm(生物膜)thatcollectstheenergyinevaporation(蒸發(fā))andchangesittoelectricity.(馬薩諸塞大學(xué)(UniversityofMassachusetts,UMass)的科學(xué)家最近宣布，他們已經(jīng)設(shè)計(jì)出一種生物膜，可以收集蒸發(fā)過(guò)程中的能量并將其轉(zhuǎn)化為電能。)”可知，文章介紹了一種生物膜，可以在蒸發(fā)過(guò)程中收集能量，并將其轉(zhuǎn)化為電能。并且其生產(chǎn)也是真正的綠色環(huán)保，因此本文目的是向我們介紹一種新的生物膜。故選A。D(江蘇省蘇州第一中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期1月自主學(xué)習(xí)能力檢測(cè))Humans’lightatnightdoesnotspareeventheseafromitsglare(強(qiáng)光).Researcherspublishedthefirstglobalmapofoceanlightpollution.Itshowslargepartsoftheseaarelitupatnight.Andthatrisksconfusingordisruptingthebehaviorsofsealife.TimSmythledateamtoresearchtheareasoftheoceanwherelightpollutionisstrongest.Smythandhiscolleaguesstartedwithaworldmapofman-madenight-skybrightnessthathadbeencreatedin2016.Thentheyaddeddataontheoceanandatmosphere.Somedatacamefromshipboardmeasurementsofman-madelightinthewater.Otherscamefromsatelliteimagesthatjudgehowclearthewateris.Particles(微粒)inthewater,suchastinyfloatingplantsandanimals,canaffecthowfardownwardlighttravels.Thesefactorsvaryfromplacetoplaceandmaychangewiththeseasons.Theteamalsousedcomputerstocopyhowdifferentwavelengthsoflightmovethroughwater.Next,theywantedtoknowhowthatunderwaterlightmightaffectanimals.Notallspecieswillbeeasilyaffected.Theteamfocusedoncopepods(橈足亞綱甲殼動(dòng)物).Thesecommoncreaturesareakeypartofmanyoceanfoodchains.Theyuselightasasignaltomovealltogethertothedarkdeep,seekingsafetyfromothersurfacecreatures.Normallytheyusethesunorthewintermoonastheirsignal.Toomuchman-madelightcanmessuptheirusualpatterns.Lightpollutionisstrongestinaboutthreefeetofthewater.Here,man-madelightcanbestrongenoughtoconfusethecopepods.Nearly2millionsquarekilometersofoceangetsuchstrongnightlight.That’sanareaaboutthesizeofMexico.Fartherdown,thelightgetsweaker.Buteven65feetdeep,it’sstillbrightenoughtobothercopepodsacross840,000squarekilometersofocean.TheteampublisheditsfindingsonDecember13inElementa:ScienceoftheAnthropocene.32.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“disrupting”inParagraph1?A.Upsetting. B.Observing. C.Ensuring. D.Protecting.33.Whatdoweknowaboutcopepodsfromthepassage?A.Theyaremaineatersofothercreatures.B.Theyarenotaffectedbyunderwaterlight.C.Theycanescapeattackswiththehelpoflight.D.Theycanweakentheeffectofman-madelight.34.HowdoestheauthorshowtheseriousnessoflightpollutioninParagraph4?A.Bystatingopinions. B.Bylistingnumbers.C.Byraisingquestions. D.Bygivingreasons.35.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.LightPollutionfromSeaLife B.LivingConditionsofCopepodsC.DiscoveriesofCopepods D.LightPollutionEveninSea【答案】32.A33.C34.B35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講的是海洋中也有光污染以及光污染對(duì)海洋生物的影響?！?2題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段的“Itshowslargepartsoftheseaarelitupatnight.Andthatrisksconfusing(它顯示了大片海域在夜間被點(diǎn)亮。這可能會(huì)使困惑)”和“thebehaviorsofsealife(海洋生物的行為)”可知，劃線詞所在的句子表示“大片海域在夜間被點(diǎn)亮。這可能會(huì)混淆或擾亂海洋生物的行為”，因此劃線詞disrupting的意思是“擾亂”，和upset意思相近。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Theyuselightasasignaltomovealltogethertothedarkdeep,seekingsafetyfromothersurfacecreatures.(它們用光作為信號(hào)，一起移動(dòng)到黑暗的深處，尋求遠(yuǎn)離其他表面生物的安全地方)”可知，橈足亞綱甲殼動(dòng)物動(dòng)物可以在光的幫助下躲避攻擊。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“Nearly2millionsquarekilometersofoceangetsuchstrongnightlight.That’sanareaaboutthesizeofMexico.Fartherdown,thelightgetsweaker.Buteven65feetdeep,it’sstillbrightenoughtobothercopepodsacross840,000squarekilometersofocean.(近200萬(wàn)平方公里的海洋受到如此強(qiáng)烈的夜光照射。這是一個(gè)相當(dāng)于墨西哥大小的地區(qū)。越往下，光線就越弱。但即使是65英尺深，它仍然足夠明亮，足以困擾84萬(wàn)平方公里海洋中的橈足類(lèi)動(dòng)物)”可推知，作者在第四段通過(guò)列出數(shù)字來(lái)展示光污染的嚴(yán)重性。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段的“Humans’lightatnightdoesnotspareeventheseafromitsglare(強(qiáng)光).Researcherspublishedthefirstglobalmapofoceanlightpollution.Itshowslargepartsoftheseaarelitupatnight.Andthatrisksconfusingordisruptingthebehaviorsofsealife.(人類(lèi)夜晚的光線即使是大海也無(wú)法免受其眩光。研究人員發(fā)表了第一張全球海洋光污染地圖。它顯示了大海的大部分在夜晚被點(diǎn)亮。這可能會(huì)混淆或擾亂海洋生物的行為)”可知，本文主要講的是光污染對(duì)海洋生物的影響。由此可知，D項(xiàng)LightPollutionEveninSea(海洋中的光污染)適合作本文標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿(mǎn)分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。(福建省三明市五校聯(lián)考2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題)ThreeinfivepeopleintheUKholdalibrarycard.Forsome,they’reashelterfromthestressesofday-to-daylife.___36___Ifyou’reconsideringjoiningyourlocallibrary,nowisthetimetodoso.Andifyouneedanymoreencouragement,hereareseveralreasonswhyyoushould.MostlibrariesintheUKallowmembersofthegeneralpublictocomeandgoastheylike.___37___Youcanalsotakeoutalibrarycardandborrowbooksforfree,althoughyouwillinevitablyfaceafineforlatereturns.___38___Imaginejusthowmanybooksyouhaveatyourfingertipswithalibrarycard?Therearelotsofmodernones,aswellasoriginals,andyoucancontinuetoexpandyourlearningandvocabularyallthetime.It’sapricelessexperience,especiallyforkids,andalsoagreatwaytoleveltheeducationalplayingfield.Librariesdevelopwithtimes.Theyhavechangedgreatlysincedecadesago.___39___Somelibrarieshaveappssoyoucanseewhenyourbooksareduebackandevenreservebooksinsomecases.Therearealsolibrarieswhichletyouaccessbooksindigitalformatsonyourmobiledevice—prettycool.Librariesareoneofveryfewspacesleftintownsandcitieswheremembersofthepubliccancometogetherandactuallybeandfeellikeacommunity.Theyhavenoticeboardstoofferserviceslikeexerciseclassesorlearningcenters.___40___A.Librarieshelppeoplelearn.B.Librarieshelpeducatethekids.C.Theycreateagreatsenseofcommunity.D.Youcangoin,settledownandreadabookwithoutbeingchargedapenny.E.MostlibrariesnowhavecomputersandallowpeopletoborrowCDsandDVDs.F.Librarieshelpussavemoneyaswe’reborrowingbooksratherthanbuyingthem.G.Forothers,particularlythehomelessandpeopleinpoverty,alifelinetotheworld.【答案】36.G37.D38.A39.E40.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了我們應(yīng)該多去圖書(shū)館的幾個(gè)理由?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前句Forsome,they’reashelterfromthestressesofday-to-daylife.對(duì)一些人來(lái)說(shuō)，它們是躲避日常生活壓力的庇護(hù)所，可知，對(duì)其他人，特別是無(wú)家可歸者和貧困人口來(lái)說(shuō)，這是通向世界的生命線。這里抓住關(guān)鍵詞Forsome，接著后面應(yīng)該為Forothers。故選G?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)前句MostlibrariesintheUKallowmembersofthegeneralpublictocomeandgoastheylike.在英國(guó)，大多數(shù)圖書(shū)館都允許公眾隨意出入，和后句Youcanalsotakeoutalibrarycardandborrowbooksforfree,althoughyouwillinevitablyfaceafineforlatereturns.你也可以拿出借書(shū)證免費(fèi)借書(shū)，不過(guò)如果逾期還書(shū)，你將不可避免地面臨罰款，可知，你可以進(jìn)去，坐下來(lái)讀一本書(shū)而不收一分錢(qián)。這里抓住后句關(guān)鍵詞Youcanalso，接著前面應(yīng)該為Youcan。故選D?！?8題詳解】這里為考查本段主題句。根據(jù)本段中andyoucancontinuetoexpandyourlearningandvocabularyallthetime.你可以隨時(shí)繼續(xù)擴(kuò)大你的學(xué)習(xí)和詞匯，和It’sapricelessexperience,especiallyforkids,andalsoagreatwaytoleveltheeducationalplayingfield.這是一次無(wú)價(jià)的經(jīng)歷，尤其是對(duì)孩子們來(lái)說(shuō)，也是一個(gè)很好的方式來(lái)公平教育的環(huán)境，可知，本段的主題句為：圖書(shū)館幫助人們學(xué)習(xí)。故選A?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)本段主題句Librariesdevelopwithtimes.圖書(shū)館是與時(shí)俱進(jìn)的，可知，現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)圖書(shū)館都有電腦，允許人們借CD和DVD。故選E。【40題詳解】根據(jù)前面Librariesareoneofveryfewspacesleftintownsandcitieswheremembersofthepubliccancometogetherandactuallybeandfeellikeacommunity.Theyhavenoticeboardstoofferserviceslikeexerciseclassesorlearningcenters.可知圖書(shū)館是城鎮(zhèn)中僅存的為數(shù)不多的公共空間之一，在這里，公眾可以聚集在一起，真正成為并感覺(jué)像一個(gè)社區(qū)，所以它們創(chuàng)造了一種偉大的社區(qū)意識(shí)。故選C。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿(mǎn)分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿(mǎn)分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。江蘇省常州市聯(lián)盟學(xué)校2023-2024學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期12月學(xué)情調(diào)研AsuddenillnesstookawaymostofRebecca’shearingwhenshewasonlysixyearsold.Afterwards,shesaysher___41___wenttoo.Unabletolisten,she___42___tocommunicatewiththegreathelpofherfamilyandfriends.Rebeccafeltlonely,butshedidnot___43___herself.Shesaysherbiggestconcernwas___44___tolivelikeanormalperson.Shetaughtherselftoreadlips,andlearnedtospeakconfidentlywithoutbeingabletohearherself.___45___,shefoundtherightplacetoflourish(茁壯成長(zhǎng)).Today,workingattheQetanSewingCenter,Rebeccarediscoveredsomethingshegreatly___46___:asenseofbelonging.“Thecenterhasareally___47___impactonmeintermsofbeingabletomeetpeople.Theenvironmentis___48___,whichhelpsyoumoveforward,”saysRebecca.Betterstill,Rebeccahasalsofoundaprofessionaloutlet.“I’vealwaysbeen___49___thearts.Drawingandlogodesignaremajorpartsofourwork.I____50____thisverymuch,”shesays.Rebeccasaysher____51____ofself-discoveryisnotyetover.Everyday,sheisseekingto____52____herself.“Openyourm