②寒假預(yù)習(xí)-高二英語(yǔ)寒假檢測(cè)卷01 (教師版)2025年高二英語(yǔ)寒假銜接講練 (譯林版)

高二英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期開(kāi)學(xué)收心卷01英語(yǔ)總分：150分考試時(shí)間：120分鐘注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)項(xiàng)目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。第一部分：聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分)1.Whatwouldthemanliketoorder?A.Acupoftea. B.Someapplejuice. C.Somecoffee.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:I’dliketoorderacupoftea.Howaboutyou,Alex?M:Iusuallydrinkapplejuice.ButIamsosleepysoI’dliketohavesomecoffeetoday.2.Whichprogramdoesthemanlikebest?A.News. B.History. C.Sports.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:WhichisyourfavoriteTVchannel?M:Iliketowatchthenewschannel.W:Don’tyouwatchanyotherchannels?M:SometimesIalsowatchthediscoverychannel,thehistorychannelandsomesportschannels.3.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Salesgirlandcustomer. B.Passengeranddriver. C.Wifeandhusband.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Oh,dear,youmusthaveleftthecupinthetaxi.It’saverygoodcup,youknow.M:ButItoldyouIdidn’ttakeit.Irememberclearlythatyouputitinourbedroom.Oh,yes,onyourdressingtable.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabank. B.Inadepartmentstore. C.Inaticketoffice.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Goodmorning.MayIhelpyou,sir?M:Yes,couldIchangethesepoundsfordollars,please?W:Doyouwantsmallbillsorlargeones?M:Itdoesn’tmatter.5.Whendidthefireprobablybreakout?A.Atabout7. B.Atabout8. C.Atabout9.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Pleasetelluswhenthebigfirebrokeout.W:Letmethink.Igothomefromworkat7o’clock.ThenIcalledmymotherat8.Aboutanhourlater,whenIwasabouttogotobed,suddenlyIheardacryforhelpoutside.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.Whatdoestheman’sfriendwanttodrink?A.Milkwithsugar. B.Orangejuice. C.Coffeewithmilk.7.Howmuchshouldthemanpay?A.10yuan. B.90yuan. C.100yuan.【答案】6.B7.B【解析】【原文】W:Goodevening.Atablefortwo?M:Yes,please.W:Thisway,please.It’satablebesidethewindow.Today’sspecialissteak.Wouldyoulikesome?M:Alright.Iwanttwopiecesplease.Er,I’dliketohavecoffeewithmilk,andmyfriendwantsorangejuice.HowmuchshouldIpay?W:It’s90yuan,with10%servicechargeincluded.Enjoyyourmeal.M:Thankyou.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.WhodidFredhaveafightwithlastnight?A.Astorekeeper. B.Apoliceman. C.Hisbrother.9.WhereisFrednow?A.Inthepolicestation. B.Inthehospital. C.Athome,【答案】8.C9.A【解析】【原文】M:Lastnight,Fredhadbadluck.Hehadafightwithhisbrother.Worsestill,hecarelesslydrovehiscarstraightintothefrontofadrugstore.W:Whatdoyoumean?M:Imeanhedroveinside.Thefrontofthestorewascompletelydestroyed.IactuallysawitjustnowasIwalkedby.Thecarisstillinsidethestore.W:I’mafraidFredisintrouble.Whereishenow?M:Iheardhe’sinthepolicestation.It’sluckythatnoonewashurt.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。10.WhosehouseisthegirlgoingtoonSunday?A.Mary’s. B.Susie’s. C.Jenny’s.11.WhatwillthegirlprobablydoonFriday?A.Seeamovie. B.Goshopping. C.Watchabasketballgame.12.Whydoesthegirlwantherfathertobuyanewbackpackforher?A.Herbackpackislost. B.Herbackpackisbroken. C.Herbackpackisfullofbooks.【答案】10.B11.C12.B【解析】【原文】M:Whydon’tyoucomewithmetothestoreonSunday?Wecangetyousomenewschoolsupplies.W:Ican’t.I’mgoingovertoSusie’shouseonSunday.Thenwe’regoingtoseeamovie.M:WhataboutSaturday?W:I’mgoingtoMary’shouse.M:Friday?W:I’mgoingtoCousinJenny’shouseafterschool.UncleDavesayshe’lltakeustothebasketballgame.M:Well,youcertainlyhavealotoffriends.Maybeyoucanjusttellmewhatyouneed,andI’llgotopickitupforyou.W:Okay,Icanmakealistforyou.ThethingIneedthemostisanewbackpack.Haveyouseenmine?It’sfallingapartandbarelyholdsmybooksanymore.M:Idon’tevenknowwhattypeofbackpackyou’dlike.You’reateenagegirl.Doyoureallywantyourdadtopickoutyourbackpack?W:I’lltellyoutheexactonetoget.It’seasy.Don’tworrysomuch.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。13.InwhichplacedidLisafindthewallet?A.Apark. B.Aparkinglot. C.Ashoppingmall.14.Whatisinsidethewallet?A.Aphotoofaperson.B.SomepaperandanIDcard.C.Somemoneyandbusinesscards.15.Whodoesthewalletprobablybelongto?A.Abusinessman. B.Anoldlady. C.Aschoolboy.16.HowwillLisagetintouchwiththewallet’sowner?A.Byaskingthepoliceforhelp.B.Bymakingatelephonecall.C.Bywaitingwhereshefoundthewallet.【答案】13.B14.C15.A16.B【解析】【原文】M:Whatdidyoufindthere,Lisa?W:Oh,Dad.It’sawallet.Ifounditintheparkinglotneartheshoppingmalljustnow.Therewasnobodynearby,soIbroughtithome.Itlooksverypretty.M:Yes,it’sareallybeautifulwallet!What’sinit?W:Oh,about60dollarsincash.M:60dollars?Whatareyougoingtodowithit?W:Idon’tknow.MaybeIshouldtrytofindthepersonwholostit.ButhowcanIfindtheowner?M:Checktoseeifyoucanfindanyinformationaboutthepersonwholostthewallet.W:Ah,yes.Therearesomebusinesscardswithaman’snameandtelephonenumberonthem.M:OK,youshouldcallthatman.Hewillbereallygladtogethiswalletback.W:Yes,I’msurehewill.Iwillcallhimafterdinner.M:Ithinkthatmanisprobablyveryworriednow,soyou’dbettercallhimrightaway.W:OK,Iwillcallhimimmediately.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17.Whomentionedinthespeechusecamelsintheirsports?A.Americans. B.TheArabs. C.Chinesepeople.18.Whichsporthasthelongesthistory?A.Volleyball. B.Basketball, C.Running.19.Howoldisvolleyballsport?A.Lessthan200years. B.About300years. C.Over1,000years.20.Whatoftencomesoutofagameinthespeaker’sopinion?A.Friendship. B.Indignity. C.War.【答案】17.B18.C19.A20.A【解析】【原文】M:Peopleallovertheworldenjoysports.Sportshelppeoplekeephealthyandhappy,helpingthemtolivelonger.Sportschangewiththeseasons.Peopleplaydifferentgamesinwinterandsummer.Gamesandsportsoftengrowoutofpeople’sworkandeverydayactivities.TheArabsusehorsesorcamelsinmuchoftheireverydaylife.Theyusethemintheirsports,too.Somesportsaresointerestingthatpeopleeverywheregoinforthem.Football,forexample,hasspreadaroundtheworld.Swimmingispopularinallcountriesneartheseaorthosewithmanyrivers.Somesportsorgamesgobacktothousandsofyears,likerunningorjumping.Chineseboxing,forexample,hasaverylonghistory.Butbasketballandvolleyballarerathernew.Neitheroneistwohundredyearsoldyet.Peopleareinventingnewsportsorgamesallthetime.Peoplefromdifferentcountriesmaynotbeabletounderstandeachother,butafteragame,theyoftenbecomegoodfriends.Sportshelptotrainaperson’scharacter.Onelearnstofighthardbutfightfair,towinwithoutprideandtolosewithdignity.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分42.5分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A湖南省百校大聯(lián)考2023-2024年高二12月考試英語(yǔ)試題FourInventionsThatChangedtheWorldThecourseofhumanevolutionhasbeenfilledwithinventions.Thefollowinginventionschangedtheworldinonewayoranother.MatchManyofuswonderwhatlifewaslikebeforematches.WecanthankaBritishpharmacistandhisdirtymixingstick.In1820s,JohnWalkernoticedadriedlumpontheendofastickwhilehewasstirringamixofchemicals.Whenhetriedtoscrape(刮掉)itoff,flamesappeared.Theinitialmatchesweremadeofcardboardbutsoonthematchescameinaboxequippedwithapieceofsandpaperforstriking.PenicillinPenicillinwasdiscoveredin1928whenayoungbacteriologist,AlexanderFleming,wastidyinguphislab.Afterhavingbeenonvacation,hereturnedtoworktofindthatadishofStaphylococcusbacteriahadbeenleftuncovered,andhenoticedthatmould(霉菌)ontheculturehadkilledmanyofthebacteria.Hisfurtherresearchfoundthatitcouldkillotherbacteria.MicrowaveOvenOfallthesci-fikitchenappliances,themicrowaveovenreallyrelievestheloadonhousewives.Itwasdiscoveredinthe1940s.WhenPercySpencer,anengineer,wasworkingonamagnetron(磁控管),henoticedthatachocolatebarinhispockethadstartedtomeltduetothemicrowaves.Spencerfoundthatindeed,whenfoodwasplacedintheboxwiththemicrowaveenergy,itcookedquickly.PlasticThefirstplasticwasinventedin1907byLeoHendrikBaekeland.Hisinitialquestwastoinventareadyreplacementforshellac(蟲(chóng)膠),anexpensiveproductgotfromlacbeetles.Baekelandcombinedformaldehyde(甲醛)withawasteproductofcoal,andheatedthemixture.Ratherthanashellac-likematerial,hecreatedasubstancethatdidn’tmeltunderheatandstress.21.Whoinventedmatches?A.JohnWalker. B.AlexanderFleming.C.PercySpencer. D.LeoHendrikBaekeland.22.WhathadLeoHendrikBaekelandoriginallyintendedtoinvent?A.Ashellac-likematerial. B.Aproductfromlacbeetles.C.Areplacementforshellac. D.Awasteproductofcoal.23.Whatdothefourinventionshaveincommon?A.Theyweretheresultsofjointefforts. B.Theyweretheaccidentaldiscoveries.C.Theywerethefruitsofyearsofresearch. D.Theywereunacceptedwhencomingout.【答案】21.A22.C23.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了影響人類(lèi)生活的四個(gè)發(fā)明?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“In1820s,JohnWalkernoticedadriedlumpontheendofastickwhilehewasstirringamixofchemicals.Whenhetriedtoscrape(刮掉)itoff,flamesappeared.Theinitialmatchesweremadeofcardboardbutsoonthematchescameinaboxequippedwithapieceofsandpaperforstriking.(19世紀(jì)20年代，JohnWalker在攪拌一種化學(xué)混合物時(shí)，注意到一根棍子的末端有一個(gè)干燥的腫塊。當(dāng)他想把它刮下來(lái)時(shí)，火焰冒了出來(lái)。最初的火柴是用硬紙板做的，但很快火柴就裝在一個(gè)裝有砂紙的盒子里，用來(lái)劃火柴)”可知，是JohnWalker發(fā)明了火柴。故選A?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Hisinitialquestwastoinventareadyreplacementforshellac(蟲(chóng)膠),anexpensiveproductgotfromlacbeetles.(他最初的目標(biāo)是發(fā)明一種可以替代蟲(chóng)膠的產(chǎn)品，蟲(chóng)膠是一種從紫膠甲蟲(chóng)中提取的昂貴產(chǎn)品)”可知，LeoHendrikBaekeland最初的目標(biāo)是要發(fā)明一種可以替代蟲(chóng)膠的材料。故選C。【23題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“In1820s,JohnWalkernoticedadriedlumpontheendofastickwhilehewasstirringamixofchemicals.Whenhetriedtoscrape(刮掉)itoff,flamesappeared.(19世紀(jì)20年代，JohnWalker在攪拌一種化學(xué)混合物時(shí)，注意到一根棍子的末端有一個(gè)干燥的腫塊。當(dāng)他想把它刮下來(lái)時(shí)，火焰冒了出來(lái))”；第三段“Afterhavingbeenonvacation,hereturnedtoworktofindthatadishofStaphylococcusbacteriahadbeenleftuncovered,andhenoticedthatmould(霉菌)ontheculturehadkilledmanyofthebacteria.Hisfurtherresearchfoundthatitcouldkillotherbacteria.(度假結(jié)束后，他回到工作崗位，發(fā)現(xiàn)有一盤(pán)葡萄球菌沒(méi)有蓋上，他注意到培養(yǎng)物上的霉菌殺死了許多細(xì)菌。他進(jìn)一步的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)它可以殺死其他細(xì)菌)”；第四段“WhenPercySpencer,anengineer,wasworkingonamagnetron(磁控管),henoticedthatachocolatebarinhispockethadstartedtomeltduetothemicrowaves.Spencerfoundthatindeed,whenfoodwasplacedintheboxwiththemicrowaveenergy,itcookedquickly.(當(dāng)工程師珀西·斯賓塞在研究磁控管時(shí)，他注意到他口袋里的一塊巧克力由于微波的作用開(kāi)始融化。斯賓塞發(fā)現(xiàn)，確實(shí)，當(dāng)食物被放在微波能量的盒子里時(shí)，它煮得很快)”以及最后一段“Hisinitialquestwastoinventareadyreplacementforshellac(蟲(chóng)膠),anexpensiveproductgotfromlacbeetles.(他最初的目標(biāo)是發(fā)明一種可以替代蟲(chóng)膠的產(chǎn)品，蟲(chóng)膠是一種從紫膠甲蟲(chóng)中提取的昂貴產(chǎn)品)”可知，這四個(gè)發(fā)明的誕生都是偶然的。故選B。B(江蘇省蘇州市第十中學(xué)2023—2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期12月月考)JeffJensenwasinadilemma(困境).Hewashobbled(跛行)bypainfulnervedamageinhislegandfoot.Heneededsurgery,buthedoubtedifhecouldaffordit,evenwithinsurance.“There’snothingmoredepressingthanseeingabillfor182,024,000dollarsandgoing,‘Howmuchofthiswillmyinsurancecoverandhowmuchisminetocover?’”JensentoldWWAY-TV.LuckilyforJensen,hisdoctorisDemetrioAguila.ThenervespecialistgivespatientsathisHealingHandsofNebraskapracticeinPapilliontheoptiontopayforsurgerythroughvolunteerwork.HecallsithisM25Program,inspiredbythewordsfromafamousbook.“Wecan’tignorethepeopleinourownbackyard,”AguilatoldCBS.“Wewanttobeabletoofferhopetopatientswhohavelosthopemedically.”Usinganalgorithm(算法),thecliniccalculatescommunityservicehoursbasedonthepriceofthesurgery.InJensen’scase,the$12,000operationequaled560hoursofhelpingoutatoneofthelocalcharitableorganizationsregisteredwiththeM25Program.Like10percentofAguila’spatients,Jensenchosethecommunityservice.Andbecausehundredsofhoursofcommunityservicecanseemdepressing,Aguila,50,notonlyletsothershelp,butheencouragesit.“Ihadthishopethatwewouldremotivateourneighborsandourselvesasenseofvolunteerism,”hetoldCNN.Jensen,whosesurgerywascompletedinFebruary2020,washelpedbymorethan100friendsandstrangerswhovolunteeredatOrphanGrainTrain,whichdonatesfood,clothing,andmedicinenationallyandglobally.CountDaveHarveyfounderofthehomelessaidorganizationLeastofMyBrethren,istheonewhoisadmiredbyAguila,“He’shelpingusbysendingvolunteersourway.”hetoldKMTVinOmaha.“Whatacoolthing.”24.WhatputJeffJenseninadilemma?A.Thenervedamage. B.Themedicalinsurance. C.Thepriceofthesurgery. D.Thecommunityservice.25.WhathelpdidAguilareallyoffertohispatientJonsen?A.Awaytohelpcoverhismedicalbills. B.Financialhelptocoverhismedicalbills.C.Achancetohelpservehiscommunities. D.Afreesurgerytotreathisnervedamage.26.WhydoesDr.AguilastarttheM25Program?A.Toadvertiseforthehospital. B.Towinrespectfromhispatients.C.Topromotetheconceptofdonation. D.Tosowtheseedsofvoluntaryworkinpeople.27.WhatisHarvey’sattitudetowardsAguila’sM25Program?A.Critical. B.Negative. C.Doubtful. D.Supportive.【答案】24.C25.A26.D27.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了DemetrioAguila醫(yī)生通過(guò)設(shè)立M25項(xiàng)目來(lái)幫助貧困的患者，讓他們通過(guò)為社區(qū)服務(wù)的方式來(lái)抵扣手術(shù)費(fèi)，這不僅幫助了向Jensen這樣的患者，還給其他慈善組織提供了志愿者。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Heneededsurgery,buthedoubtedifhecouldaffordit,evenwithinsurance.(他需要手術(shù)，但他懷疑自己是否負(fù)擔(dān)得起，即使有保險(xiǎn)。)”可知，Jensen因?yàn)楦甙旱氖中g(shù)費(fèi)而陷入兩難的境地。故選C，【25題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“LuckilyforJensen,hisdoctorisDemetrioAguila.ThenervespecialistgivespatientsathisHealingHandsofNebraskapracticeinPapilliontheoptiontopayforsurgerythroughvolunteerwork.(對(duì)Jensen來(lái)說(shuō)幸運(yùn)的是，他的醫(yī)生是DemetrioAguila。這位神經(jīng)專(zhuān)家為他在帕皮利翁的內(nèi)布拉斯加療養(yǎng)之手診所的患者提供了通過(guò)志愿者工作支付手術(shù)費(fèi)用的選擇。)”可知，DemetrioAguila醫(yī)生給Jensen提供了一個(gè)志愿者的工作來(lái)支付自己的醫(yī)療費(fèi)用。故選A?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的“‘Ihadthishopethatwewouldremotivateourneighborsandourselvesasenseofvolunteerism,’hetoldCNN.(他告訴美國(guó)有線電視新聞網(wǎng)：‘我希望我們能讓鄰居和我們自己重新激發(fā)出志愿意識(shí)?！?”可知，他希望大家都能重新激發(fā)出志愿意識(shí)，由此可推測(cè)出，他設(shè)立M25項(xiàng)目是為了在人們心中種下志愿者工作的種子。故選D?！?7題詳解】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段“CountDaveHarvey,founderofthehomelessaidorganizationLeastofMyBrethren,istheonewhoisadmiredbyAguila,‘He’shelpingusbysendingvolunteersourway.’hetoldKMTVinOmaha.‘Whatacoolthing.’(DaveHarvey伯爵是無(wú)家可歸者援助組織LeastofMyBrothern的創(chuàng)始人，他是Aguila欽佩的人，他在奧馬哈告訴KMTV：‘他通過(guò)向我們派遣志愿者來(lái)幫助我們。多么酷的事情啊?！?”可知，DaveHarvey認(rèn)為Aguila給他們派遣了志愿者進(jìn)行援助，這非?？?，由此可推測(cè)出，他對(duì)M25項(xiàng)目持支持態(tài)度。故選D。C(江蘇省蘇南八校2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期12月聯(lián)考英語(yǔ))Inhabitatsacrosstheplanet,animalsperiodicallydropeverythingtowalk,flyorswimtoanewplace.Someanimalssuchaswhalesandgeeselearnmigrationpathsbyfollowingtheirparents.Others,includingsmallsongbirds,gainthedistanceanddirectionoftheirmigrationwithintheirgeneticcode.Andsomeanimalsuseacombinationofgeneticsandculturetoguidetheirmigration.Anothergroupofmigratorsdoesnotquitefiteithermodel,andresearchershaveonlyrecentlystartedtofigureouthowtheyfindtheirway.TheCory’sshearwaterisanoceangoingseabirdthatmigratesovertheAtlanticeveryyear.Theyoungdonotmigratewiththeirparents,soculturecannotexplaintheirjourneys.Andtheexactpathsvarywildlyfromindividualtoindividual,makinggeneticsequallyunlikely.Cory’sshearwatersarelong-lived,rarelyproducingyoungsuccessfullybeforeagenine.Thisleavesanopeningforlearningandpracticetodeveloptheirmigrationpatterns.Researcherscallthisthe“exploration-refinement”,anduntilnowithasbeenhypothetical(假設(shè)的)becauseofdifficultiesintrackingmigratoryanimals’movements.Butateamofresearchershasdonethatbyattachingsmallgeolocatorstomorethan150ofthebirdsagedfourtonine.Theyfoundthatyoungerbirdstraveledlongerdistances,forlongerperiods,andhadmorediversepathsthanolderbirds.“Wefinallyhaveevidenceofthe‘exploration-refinement’formigratorybirds,”saysLetiziaCampioni,wholedthestudy.YoungerCory’sshearwatersareabletoflyjustasfastastheadults——buttheydonot,suggestingthattheyoungdomoreexploring,whichgraduallyfadesastheymatureandsettleintoapreferredcourse.“Althoughitmayseemlessefficientthanotherstrategies,explorationrefinementcouldbebeneficialtobirdsandotherorganismsinarapidlychangingworldduetounpredictableman-madechanges,”saysBarbaraFrei.“Itmightbesafertorepeatabehaviorthatwasrecentlysuccessfulthantorelyonpatternsthatwereperfectedlongagobutmightnolongerbesafe.”28.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Itdescribesanimals’habitats. B.Itcomparesdifferentspecies.C.Ittalksaboutmigrationmodels. D.Itintroducesatrackingtechnology.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inParagraph3referto?A.Theopeningforlearningandpractice.B.TheuniquelivinghabitofCory’sshearwaters.C.TheprocessscientiststrackCory’sshearwaters’movements.D.ThewayCory’sshearwatersformtheirmigrationpatterns.30.WhatdoesLetizia’sstudyfindabouttheyoungerCory’sshearwaters?A.Theytravelasmuchasadultbirds. B.Theylowerthespeedforexploration.C.Theymoveinapredictablemanner. D.Theylookforacoursewiththeirparents.31.Whatcanweconcludefromthelastparagraph?A.Explorationrefinementcontributestobirds’adaptability.B.Man-madechangesmakemigrationeasier.C.Animalsmakeasaferjourneyviaafixedtrack.D.Acombinationofstrategiesassuresmigrationsuccess【答案】28.C29.D30.B31.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了動(dòng)物遷徙的遺傳和文化兩種模式，以及一種鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)通過(guò)探索和精煉學(xué)習(xí)遷徙模式的特殊方式。【28題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Inhabitatsacrosstheplanet,animalsperiodicallydropeverythingtowalk,flyorswimtoanewplace.Someanimalssuchaswhalesandgeeselearnmigrationpathsbyfollowingtheirparents.Others,includingsmallsongbirds,gainthedistanceanddirectionoftheirmigrationwithintheirgeneticcode.Andsomeanimalsuseacombinationofgeneticsandculturetoguidetheirmigration.(在世界各地的棲息地，動(dòng)物們會(huì)周期性地放下一切，步行、飛行或游泳到一個(gè)新的地方。一些動(dòng)物，如鯨魚(yú)和鵝，通過(guò)跟隨父母來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)遷徙路線。其他鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)，包括小型鳴禽，通過(guò)遺傳密碼獲得遷徙的距離和方向。有些動(dòng)物利用基因和文化的結(jié)合來(lái)指導(dǎo)它們的遷徙。)”可知，第一段主要描述了動(dòng)物的不同的遷徙模式。故選C?！?9題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上文“Cory’sshearwatersarelong-lived,rarelyproducingyoungsuccessfullybeforeagenine.Thisleavesanopeningforlearningandpracticetodeveloptheirmigrationpatterns.(科里的海鷗壽命很長(zhǎng)，很少能在9歲之前成功繁殖后代。這為學(xué)習(xí)和實(shí)踐發(fā)展它們的遷移模式留下了空間。)”可知，上文提到了該海鷗長(zhǎng)壽的特點(diǎn)以及其不斷開(kāi)發(fā)遷徙模式。由此可知，劃線單詞“this”指的是該海鷗形成這種遷徙模式的方法。故選D。【30題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“YoungerCory’sshearwatersareabletoflyjustasfastastheadults——buttheydonot,suggestingthattheyoungdomoreexploring,whichgraduallyfadesastheymatureandsettleintoapreferredcourse.(年輕的科里海鷗能飛得和成年海鷗一樣快——但它們不會(huì)這樣，這表明年輕的海鷗會(huì)做更多的探索，隨著它們成熟并適應(yīng)一個(gè)首選的路線，這種探索會(huì)逐漸消失。)”可知，年輕的科里海鷗為了進(jìn)行更多的探索而降低了自己的飛行速度。故選B?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段““Althoughitmayseemlessefficientthanotherstrategies,explorationrefinementcouldbebeneficialtobirdsandotherorganismsinarapidlychangingworldduetounpredictableman-madechanges,”saysBarbaraFrei.“Itmightbesafertorepeatabehaviorthatwasrecentlysuccessfulthantorelyonpatternsthatwereperfectedlongagobutmightnolongerbesafe.”(BarbaraFrei說(shuō)：“盡管與其他策略相比，這種方法似乎效率較低，但在一個(gè)由于不可預(yù)測(cè)的人為變化而迅速變化的世界中，探索改進(jìn)可能對(duì)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)和其他生物有益。重復(fù)最近成功的行為可能比依賴(lài)很久以前完善但可能不再安全的模式更安全?！?”可知，這種鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)的這種探索改進(jìn)雖然效率低，但是更有助于鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)在這個(gè)瞬息萬(wàn)變的世界存活下去，也就是說(shuō)探索遷徙路線會(huì)有助于鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)的適應(yīng)性。故選A。D(山東省臨沂市部分學(xué)校2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期12月聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題)Thesoundofchildren’slaughterisnotsomethingyouoftenhearatahospital.YetinthehallwaysofChildren’sHealthofOrangeCounty(CHOCHospital)inOrange,California,thejoyoussoundofkidshavingfunwillsoonbeacommonoccurrence.That’sbecauseHondateamedupwiththehospitaltocreateafirst-of-its-kindelectriccarmadejustforkids!Shogoisthechild-sizedelectricride-oncar,whichwasbuiltbyHondathroughtheircharitable“ProjectCourage”,aninitiativeaimedataddingsomemuch-neededhappinesstothedaysofchildrenbattlingwithseriousillnessesinhospital.ShogowasmadeentirelybyHonda’sengineers,andthey’reincrediblyproudofit.ThecarhasbeenusedatCHOCinplaceofwheelchairs.Now,patientscandrivethemselvestotheirtreatmentsinvariouspartsofthehospital,givingthemareasontolookforwardtotheseproceduresinsteadofdreadingthem.Shogoismeantforchilddriversaged4through9.Thecarhasasimplestop/gomechanismtheycaneasilyuse,andit’scapableofgoingaboutonetofivemilesperhour.Don’tworry,though;thespeediscontrollednotbythekidsbutbyanurseorcaregiverwalkingalongsidethecar.Safetywasatthetopoftheengineers’mindswhenmakingShogo.Besides,thevehiclehasnodoorssokidscaneasilygetinandout,asoft-to-the-touchinteriorthatcanbewashedtostaysanitary(衛(wèi)生的)inahospitalsetting,anditcomesequippedwithanI.V.poleholder.There’sevenatoyholderandahornwithdifferentsoundoptions,andkidscancreatetheirowncustomlicenseplateforthebuilt-inholder.Sofar,everypatientwhohastriedShogohasabsolutelylovedit!Whatafantasticinvention!There’snothingmorebeautifulthanthesoundofkidshavingfun,andwe’resodelightedthatcaregiversatCHOCwillgettohearthatsoundmoreoftenfromnowon.32.WhydoesHondabuildShogowithCHOCHospital?A.Toimprovetheservicequalityofnurses.B.Toinitiatethecharitable“ProjectCourage”.C.Tomakehospitalstaymorefunforsickkids.D.Tohelppatientsknowtheirtreatmentprocedures.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dreading”meaninparagraph3?A.Beingbusywith. B.Beingafraidof. C.Catchingupwith. D.Takingcontrolof.34.WhatcanhelpkeepchilddriverssafewhentheydrivetheShogo?A.Thelittlepatients’drivinglicense. B.Theadvancedequipmentonthecar.C.ThedesignbytheHonda’sengineers. D.Thecompanyofanurseoracaregiver.35.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph5?A.Shogocanbeeasilycontrolledbythechilddrivers.B.Shogocanofferatinypatientapleasantexperience.C.MoreShogoeswillbeusedinplaceofwheelchairs.D.Honda’sengineersareproudofthedesignofShogo.【答案】32.C33.B34.D35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹醫(yī)院內(nèi)的小病人乘坐特殊電動(dòng)車(chē)自行前往醫(yī)院各科室接受治療?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“aninitiativeaimedataddingsomemuch-neededhappinesstothedaysofchildrenbattlingwithseriousillnessesinhospital(旨在為兒童在醫(yī)院與重病作斗爭(zhēng)的日子增添一些急需的快樂(lè)的新方案)”可知，Honda建造Shogo的目的是使生病的孩子們?cè)谧≡浩陂g獲得更多快樂(lè)。故選C?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中“Now,patientscandrivethemselvestotheirtreatmentsinvariouspartsofthehospital,givingthemareasontolookforwardtotheseproceduresinsteadof.(現(xiàn)在，病人可以自己開(kāi)車(chē)去醫(yī)院的各個(gè)地方接受治療，這讓他們有理由期待這些手術(shù))”可知，這樣做是讓孩子們渴望去治療而不是恐懼治療。A.Beingbusywith忙于；B.Beingafraidof害怕；C.Catchingupwith趕上；D.Takingcontrolof控制。故選B。【34題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Don’tworry,though;thespeediscontrollednotbythekidsbutbyanurseorcaregiverwalkingalongsidethecar.(不過(guò)，別擔(dān)心；速度不是由孩子們控制的，而是由走在車(chē)旁邊的護(hù)士或看護(hù)人控制的。)”可知，護(hù)士和護(hù)工的陪伴可以保證孩子開(kāi)車(chē)時(shí)安全。故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Safetywasatthetopoftheengineers’mindswhenmakingShogo.Besides,thevehiclehasnodoorssokidscaneasilygetinandout,asoft-to-the-touchinteriorthatcanbewashedtostaysanitary(衛(wèi)生的)inahospitalsetting,anditcomesequippedwithanI.V.poleholder.There’sevenatoyholderandahornwithdifferentsoundoptions,andkidscancreatetheirowncustomlicenseplateforthebuilt-inholder.Sofar,everypatientwhohastriedShogohasabsolutelylovedit!(在制造Shogo時(shí)，工程師們首先考慮的是安全問(wèn)題。此外，這輛車(chē)沒(méi)有門(mén)，所以孩子們可以很容易地進(jìn)出，柔軟的內(nèi)部觸感可以清洗，在醫(yī)院環(huán)境中保持衛(wèi)生，它配備了一個(gè)靜脈注射桿支架。甚至還有一個(gè)玩具支架和一個(gè)有不同聲音選項(xiàng)的喇叭，孩子們可以為內(nèi)置支架制作自己的定制車(chē)牌。到目前為止，每個(gè)嘗試過(guò)Shogo的病人都非常喜歡它!)”可知，Shogo裝載的設(shè)備可以讓孩子們?cè)谑褂肧hogo時(shí)會(huì)有愉快的體驗(yàn)。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿(mǎn)分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。(江蘇省南通市海安市實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期12月月考英語(yǔ)試題)Campingessentials(必需品)Campingcanbeafunandcheapfamilyactivityorvacation.Butyoudoneedquiteafewsuppliestomanagelifeinthegreatoutdoors.___36___.Andremembertocheckyourcampingessentials.TentUnlessyou’resleepingunderthestarsoryouhaveacamperoranRV,don’tforgettheobviousone:atent!Checkthemeasurementsanduserreviewswhenyouarebuyingone.SleepingBagandPillowEveniftheweatherlookshotforyourcampingtrip,bringasleepingbagforeverycamper.Withoutapillow,youwouldbefacingarockynight’ssleep.___37___.___38___Flashlightsareanothercampingitem.Bringmultipleflashlightsandextrabatteries,andalsoconsiderbuyingacampinglantern.Lanternsaregreatbecausetheyshedmorelightinalldirectionsandstandontheirownsothatyoucanplaycardsorgamesatnight.TheAnti-itchCreamKeepawayfrommosquitoes,blackfliesandotherbiters.Don’tforgettheanti-itchcreamtoapplyafterinsectbites.___39___.Askdoctorsforwhichproductstouse.CampfireSuppliesMatchesstoredinaplasticbag,dryfirewoodanddrynewspapersareallyouneedforacampfire.___40___.Eachcampfireshouldhaveitsownstonecampfirespotandmanyalsoprovideacast-ironshelfforcookingon.Inaddition,thereareothercampingessentials,suchaskitchenitems,bottledfoodandwater,toiletpaper,first-aidkits,andbooksandgames.Alltheabovecanenrichyouroutdoorcamping.A.CardsorgamesB.FlashlightsandlanternsC.KidsalsolikehavingapillowforthelongcarrideD.Bringclothesforalltypesofweather,fromhottorainydaysE.Findoutwhatyou’llneedtopackforyourcampingadventureF.YouandyourkidscandoaquickhuntfordrywoodforyourfireG.Justkeepinmindthatmanysprayscontainhighlevelsofchemicals【答案】36.E37.C38.B39.G40.F【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。露營(yíng)可以是一種既有趣又便宜的家庭活動(dòng)或假期。文章就露營(yíng)需要攜帶的物品給出了五點(diǎn)建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文Butyoudoneedquiteafewsuppliestomanagelifeinthegreatoutdoors.可知你確實(shí)需要一些用品來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)戶(hù)外生活。可知下文應(yīng)是繼續(xù)建議：找出你需要為你的野營(yíng)冒險(xiǎn)準(zhǔn)備的東西。故選E?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文Withoutapillow,youwouldbefacingarockynight’ssleep.沒(méi)有枕頭，夜晚你將睡不好。關(guān)鍵詞pillow可對(duì)應(yīng)到C選項(xiàng)中havingapillow，意思是：孩子們也喜歡在長(zhǎng)途汽車(chē)旅行時(shí)有一個(gè)枕頭。故選C?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)下文第一句Flashlightsareanothercampingitem.可知提到了手電筒是另一種露營(yíng)用品。故本段為建議帶上手電筒或者提燈等照明設(shè)備，故選B。【39題詳解】根據(jù)上文Don’tforgettheanti-itchcreamtoapplyafterinsectbites.可知?jiǎng)e忘了在被昆蟲(chóng)叮咬后使用止癢霜。以及后文Askdoctorsforwhichproductstouse.詢(xún)問(wèn)醫(yī)生使用哪些產(chǎn)品?？芍且?yàn)樵S多噴霧劑含有高濃度的化學(xué)物質(zhì)，因此在使用前要咨詢(xún)醫(yī)生的意見(jiàn)，故選G。【40題詳解】根據(jù)上文Matchesstoredinaplasticba