2024年八年級寒假Lesson4八年級下冊Unit1SectionB新課學習

U1What’sthematter?SectionBpart1KeywordsNo.EnglishChineseLet’stest!1bandagen.繃帶v.用繃帶包扎2pressv.壓；擠；按3sickadj.生病的；有病的4kneen.膝；膝蓋5nosebleedn.鼻出血6breathev.呼吸7sunburnedadj.曬傷的8climbern.登山者；攀登者9riskn.&v.；風險；冒險10accidentn.（交通）事故11situationn.情況；狀況12kilon.千克；公斤13rockn.巖石14knifen.刀15bloodn.血16meanv.意思是；打算；意欲17importancen.重要性；重要18decisionn.決定；抉擇19controln.&v.限制；管理20spiritn.勇氣；意志21deathn.死；死亡22nursen.護士Part2KeyphrasesPhrasesMeaningPhrasesMeaningputabandageonsth.用繃帶包扎falldown摔倒feelsick感到惡心haveanosebleed流鼻血cuthisknee割傷他的膝蓋putherheadback把她的頭向后仰haveproblemsbreathing呼吸困難mountainclimbing登山運動beusedtodoingsth.習慣做某事runout(of)用完；耗盡sothat以便so…that如此…以至于……beincontrolof掌管；管理keepondoingsth.繼續(xù)或堅持做某事(中間無間隔）gethit/sunburned被打擊/曬傷seesb.doingsth.看見某人正在做某事asksb.sth.詢問某人某事expectsb.todosth.期望某人做某事haveproblems(in)doingsth.做某事有困難usedtodosth過去常常做某事seemtodosth.好像做某事runoutof用盡；耗盡【即講即練】首字母填空。1.Mymotherworksinthehospitalandsheisan___________________.2.Amyisoneofthemaincharactersinthismoviesosheplaysani___________________roleinit.3.Atlast,shemadead___________________towalkontheleftwayatthecrossing.4.Weshouldtakegoodcareofo___________________tohaveahealthybody.5.Ialmostcan'tb___________________.afterrunningforthetestintheP.E.class.6.WhatIsaytoyoum___________________youshouldstudyhardtogetgoodgrades.7.Twos___________________.menarelyingonthebedinthehospital.8.Hefoundhimselfinadifficults___________________whenhelosthiswalletwhentravelling,soheaskedthepoliceforhelp.9.Manyr___________________.areinthemountainandsometravelerstakesomesmalloneshomebecauseoftheirinterestingshapes.10.Thelittledog'sd___________________madeoldHenryverysad,becausehecouldneverseeitagain.Part3ReadingArticleSafetyFirstAronRalstonisanAmericanmanwhoisinterestedinmountainclimbing.Asamountainclimber,Aronisusedtotakingrisks.Thisisoneoftheexcitingthingsaboutdoingdangeroussports.ThereweremanytimeswhenAronalmostlosthislifebecauseofaccidents.OnApril26,2003,hefoundhimselfinaverydangeroussituationwhenclimbinginUtah.Onthatday,Aron’sarmwascaughtundera360-kilorockthatfellonhimwhenhewasclimbingbyhimselfinthemountains.Becausehecouldnotfreehisarm,hestayedthereforfivedaysandhopedthatsomeonewouldfindhim.Butwhenhiswaterranout,heknewthathewouldhavetodosomethingtosavehisownlife.Hewasnotreadytodiethatday.Soheusedhisknifetocutoffhalfhisrightarm.Then,withhisleftarm,hebandagedhimselfsothathewouldnotlosetoomuchblood.Afterthat,heclimbeddownthemountaintofindhelp.Afterlosinghisarm,hewroteabookcalledBetweenaRockandaHardPlace.Thismeansbeinginadifficultsituationthatyoucannotseemtogetoutof.Inthisbook,Arontellsoftheimportanceofmakinggooddecisions,andofbeingincontrolofone’slife.Hisloveformountainclimbingissogreatthathekeptonclimbingmountainsevenafterthisexperience.DowehavethesamespiritasAron?Let’sthinkaboutitbeforewefindourselves“betweenarockandahardplace”,andbeforewehavetomakeadecisionthatcouldmeanlifeordeath.一．Readthepassageagainandanswerthequestions.1.WheredidtheaccidenthappenonApril26,2003?_______________________________________________________________________________2.Whycouldn’tAronmove?_______________________________________________________________________________3.HowdidAronfreehimself?_______________________________________________________________________________4.WhatdidArondoaftertheaccident?_______________________________________________________________________________5.Whatdoes“betweenarockandahardplace”mean?_______________________________________________________________________________Part4keypointsAronRalstonisanAmericanmanwhoisinterestedinmountainclimbling.阿倫·羅爾斯頓是一位對爬山感興趣的美國人。◆主語（人）+beinterestedin 某人對···感興趣interested adj.感興趣的，只作表語interesting adj.有趣的，作表語或定語。2、Asamountainclimber,Aronisusedtotakingrisks.作為一名登山者，阿倫習慣了冒險。◆beusedtodoingsth. 習慣于做某事（getusedtodoingsth漸漸習慣于）I’musedtowalkingaftersupper.You’llgetusedtoyournewjobsoon.◆beusedtodosth. 被用來做某事Thiscomputerisusedtocontrolallthemachines.◆usedtodosth. 過去常常做某事Heusedtobeateacherinourschool.他曾經(jīng)是我們學校的一位老師。Thisisoneoftheexcitingthingsaboutdoingdangeroussports.這是做危險運動當中令人興奮的事情之一?！鬿neof+adj.最高級+名詞復數(shù)“···之一”，作主語時謂語用三單。OneofthemostbeautifulcitiesintheworldisParis.世界上最美麗的城市之一是巴黎。ThereweremanytimeswhenAronalmostlosthislifebecauseofaccidents.有好多次阿倫差點因為意外丟掉性命?！粼陉P系副詞when引導的定語從句中，很多情況下when可用“介詞+which”來代替，介詞由先行詞或定語從句的謂語動詞來決定。Thedaywhen/onwhichIwenttoNewYorkwasthegreatestdayofmylife.Ishallneverforgetthoseyearswhen/duringwhichIlivedwithher.并非先行詞表示時間都用when來引導定語從句，若關系詞在定語從句中充當主語、賓語而不是時間狀語，即使先行詞為表時間的名詞（短語）也需用which或that引導相應的定語從句。Doyoustillrememberthedayswhich/thatwespenttogetherinschool?【拓展】◆loseone’slife失去生命、喪命、犧牲?！鬮ecauseof+n./pron.因為，由于5、Becausehecouldnotfreehisarm,hestayedthereforfivedaysandhopedthatsomeonewouldfindhim.因為它無法抽出他的胳膊，他在那里待了五天，希望有人會找到他?！鬴ree在本句作動詞，“釋放，使自由，解救”。作形容詞“空閑的，免費的”◆hope+that引導的賓語從句【拓展】hopetodosth. (注意：沒有hopesb.todosth)Hope+n.希望6.Butwhenhiswaterranout,heknewthathewouldhavetodosomethingtosavehisownlife.但當他的水喝沒的時候，他知道他必須做些什么來挽救自己的生命?！魊unoutof用完，耗盡◆saveone’slife救命Soheusedhisknifetocutoffhalfhisrightarm.所以他用他的刀切斷一半右臂?！就卣埂縞utoff 切斷、割下、切除cutdown 砍倒、削減cutup 切碎cutin 插話、插入cutout 切斷、刪去cutinto 打斷（別人的話）Then,withhisleftarm,hebandagedhimselfsothathewouldnotlosetoomuchblood.然后，他用左胳膊給自己包扎，以便不會失血過多?！鬮andagesth. 用繃帶包扎◆sothat 引導目的狀語從句，“以便，為了”◆loseblood 失血9.Thismeansbeinginadifficultsituationthatyoucannotseemtogetoutof.它的意思是“處于一個你似乎無法擺脫的處境之中”。◆mean v.意思是，意味著，打算（1）meantodosth. 打算做某事Ididn’tmeantohurtyou.我沒打算傷害你。（2）meandoingsth. 意味著做某事Missingthetrainmeanswaitingforanotherhour.錯過這列火車意味著在等一個小時。（3）mean adj.卑鄙的，吝嗇的◆seem“看起來....”（1）主語+seemtodosth. ···看起來···Theyoungmanseemedtohavechangedmuch.那個年輕人看起來變化很大。（2）主語+seem/seems+(tobe)+表語Tomseems(tobe)averycleverboy.湯姆看起來是個聰明的男孩。（3）Itseems+that從句Itseemsthatnooneknowswhathashappenedinthepark.似乎沒有人知道公園里發(fā)生了什么。（4）There+seem/seems+(tobe)+n.Thereseemsnoneedtowaitlonger.好像沒必要再等下去了。10.Inthisbook,Arontellsoftheimportanceofmakinggooddecisions,andofbeingincontrolofone’slife.◆tellof 意為“敘述、描述”Hetoldofhischildhood.◆theimportanceofdoingsth. 意為“做某事的重要性”Hebegantorealizetheimportanceofstudyinghard.◆decision(n)--decide(v.) makeadecisiontodosth.=decidetodosth.◆beincontrolof “掌管、掌控”Youshouldbeinthecontrolofyourownlife.◆beinthecontrolof 意為“受……控制；受……管理”反義“beoutofcontrol 意為“失去……的控制”。Thecompanyisinthecontroloftheyoungman.11.OnApril26,2003,hefoundhimselfinaverydangeroussituationwhenclimbinginUtah.2003年4月26日，當他在猶他州登山時，他發(fā)現(xiàn)自己處于一個極其危險的境地?！魒henclimbinginUtah在句中作時間狀語，完整句：whenhewasclimbinginUtah.當when引導的從句的主語與主句的主語相同，且從句謂語動詞中含有be動詞時常省去主語及be動詞以避免重復?！鬴ind的用法：（1）find+賓語+名詞。You’llfinditadifficultjob.（2）find+賓語+形容詞。Hefoundtheroomempty.（3）find+賓語+表處所的副詞。（in/out/up/down/downstairs/upstairs）Ifoundherinatthattime.（4）find+賓語+不定式。Hisfatherfoundhimtobeveryclever.Herbloodwasfoundtocontainpoison.（5）find+賓語+現(xiàn)在分詞/過去分詞。（6）find+從句Tomfindsit’seasytolearnChinesewell.12、Then,withhisleftarm,hebandagedhimselfsothathewouldnotlosetoomuchblood.然后，他用左胳膊給自己包扎上繃帶，以免失血過多。◆該句是一個省略含有由sothat引導的目的狀語從句的主從復合句。謂語多含有如cancouldmaymightwillwouldshould等情態(tài)動詞。sothat也可引導結(jié)果狀語從句，但從句中很少出現(xiàn)如can\could\may\might\will\would\should等情態(tài)動詞。Wearrivedearlyinthemorningsothatwecaughttheearlybus.◆so+adj./adv.+that如此······以至于HeransofastthatIcouldn’tcatchupwithhim.◆with,prep.用，使用。表示用手段或工具。in,prep.用，使用。表示使用某種語言或材料。Part5語法小專題：情態(tài)動詞Should1．Should為情態(tài)動詞，意為“應該；應當”，否定式為shouldn’t，其后接動詞原形，無人稱和數(shù)的變化。常用來表示征詢意見、建議、勸告、要求或義務等。Youshoulddrinkhotwaterwithhoney． 你應該喝加有蜂蜜的開水。Heshouldputhisheadback 他應該把頭后仰。Weshouldtryourbesttohelphim. 我們應當盡力去幫助他。Youshouldn’twatchTV. 你不應該看電視。Should用于主語為第一人稱的疑問句，表示征詢意見。ShouldIputsomemedicineonit? 我應當給它敷上藥嗎？Shouldwetellheraboutit? 我們應該告訴她這件事嗎？【拓展】在英語中，表示建議的說法有很多，而且都是中考考查的重點。主要結(jié)構(gòu)有：①Wouldyoulike(todo)sth．？ 你想要／愿意（做）某事嗎？Wouldyouliketoplaybasketballwithme? 你想要和我一起打籃球嗎？②ShallI/wedosth? 我／我們做??好嗎？Shallwegotothezootomorrow? 明天我們?nèi)游飯@，好嗎？③Whynotdosth? 為什么不呢？Whynotjoinus? 為什么不加入到我們當中來呢？④How/Whataboutdoingsth? 做某事怎么樣？Howaboutgoingswimming? 去游泳怎么樣？⑤Let’sdosth 讓我們做吧。Let’sgohome． 咱們回家吧。⑥You’dbetter(not)dosth 你最好（不）要做某事。You’dbetternotgotherealone． 你最好不要獨自去那兒。Part6Practicemakesperfect一．單項選擇題。()1.Open(張開)yourmouth_________Icanlookat.yourthroat.A.so B.because C.if()2.1__________thesalttomakedumplings.SoIatesomethingelse.A.tookout B.ranoutof C.gotoutof()3.Wouldyoumind___________moreslowly?Ican'tfollowyou..A.Speaking B.speak C.tospeak()4.一DoesAllanthinkthatclimbingthehighmountainisdangerous?一No,hedoesn't.HelikesA.takingbreaks B.takingrisks C.gettingintotrouble()5.AfterIgottoAmerica,1_______with,peopleinEnglish.usedtotalk B.usedtotalking C.wasusedtotalking()6.—Ihaveabad________.—Youshouldseeadentist.A.toothache B.headache C.stomachache()7.Comeonifyouwanttobe___________forthebeginningofthemovie.A.attimes B.intime C.atsometime()8.Ifsomeonehelpsyouandgetsyououtoftrouble,you___________thankhim.A.can B.must C.should()9.—WhatdidMr.Greensaytohisson?一Hetoldhim___________oftenbecauseit'sgoodforhishealth.A.Exercising B.toexercise C.exercise()10.Thegirlinpurpleisnewhere,so________peopleknowher.Few B.afew C.many完型填空題。Itwasthefirstdayofsecondgrade,andSarahlookedforwardtothisdayforalongtime.Thenightbeforeshetookouther____1____clothes:apairofwhitetrousersandayellowT-shirt.Whenhavingbreakfast,Sarahdropped(掉落)some____2____onherT-shirt,soshehadtochange(改變)intobluejeansandaJonasBrothersT-shirt.Theyarehersecondfavoriteclothes.Afterbreakfast,Sarah____3____tocatchtheschoolbusbutwhenshewasjustreachingthedoor(門)，thebusdriver____4____it.Sarahransofastthatshecouldn'tstop.ThedoorhitrightonSarah'sfaceandbloodrandownhernose.Thedriverwantedtosendherhome,butsherefused,“Itisthemostimportantdayoftheyear!Ican'tmissit!"Beforeclasses,Sarahwenttoplayherfavorite____5____.Whenitwenthigher,shesawherbestfriendlittleJack.Sheletgoofitandsaid“Hi"tohimwithonehand.Unluckily,sheflewoutandbrokealegandanarmwhenherbodytouchedthesand(沙地).Shehurtherselfsobadlythatshecouldhardlystand.Asshe____6____inthesand,shesawaroundshinythingnexttoher.Withhergoodhandshetookit.WhenSarah'smotherreachedtheschoolhospital,thesituation____7____her:hergirlwaslyinginbedwithanarmandaleginbandage,andtherewasbloodonherclothes.She____8____toseeherchildfeelingsad,butinfactSarahwaslaughinghappily.“Sarah,lookatyou!”hermothersaid.“You.hurtyourselfsobadlyandwhyareyoulaughingnow?”“Look,mom,Ifoundabeautiful____9____!”Sarahanswered.Lifecanbelikethat.Itcanbehard,andevenhurtyoualotsometimes.Buttherearealways.Goodsidesofit.Theycanmakeyoufeelbetterandevenforgetthe____10____andtheunhappiness.()1.A.new B.favorite C.expensive()2.A.water B.blood C.food()3.A.walked B.ran C.drove()4.A.closed B.broke C.controlled()5.A.piano B.game C.swing()6.A.rested B.played C.lay()7.A.surprised B.touched C.hurt()8.A.planned B.expected C.refused()9.A.card B.knife C.ring()10.A.event B.trouble C.risk三.閱讀理解題。Once，therewasayoungcouple(夫妻).Theyworkedforanoldmanandlivedinhishouse.Oneday,theoldmanpointedtoabigboxinhislivingroomandsaid,”Thereisonethingyoumustn'tdo:Don'topen(打開)thisbox."Aftersayingthis,helefthishome.Thewomansaidtotheman,“Theremustbesomethingexpensiveinthebox.Let'sopenit.Iwanttoseethethinginit."Themandidn'twanttoopenthebox,butthewomandidn'tgiveupOneday,thewomandecidedtofindoutwhatwasinthebox.Thistimethemandidn'tstopher.Sheopenedtheboxandlookedinside.Tohersurprise,therewasnothinginside.Shetriedhardtoclosethebox,butshecouldn'tdoit.Thatevening,theoldmancamehomeandfoundthattheboxwasopen.Hewassoangrythatheaskedtheyoungcoupletoleavehishome.“Buttherewasnothinginthebox,"thewomansaid.“Wedidn'ttakeanythingatall."Theoldmanshouted,“Theboxisnotimportant.NowIknowthat1can'ttrustyou.That'simportant!"()1.Wherewasthebigbox?A.Inthekitchen. B.Inthecouple'sroom. C.Inthelivingroom.()2.Howdidtheoldmanfeelwhenhesawtheboxnopen?A.Surprised. B.Angry. C.Sad.()3.Whichoneistruefromthearticle?Therewasnothingintheboxinfact. B.Theoldmantoldthecoupleonethingwasinthebox.C.Theyoungmanstoppedthewomanopeningtheboxtwice.()4.Whatwouldprobablyhappenthenextday?A.Theoldmanmaybuyanothernewbox.B.Theyoungcouplemaymoveoutofthehouse.C.Theyoungcouplestillworkedfortheoldman.()5.Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus?A.Theoldman'sboxischeap.B.Thethingintheboxisexpensive.C.Thetrustbetweenpeopleisimportant.四、完成對話。A:Oh,no!Whathappened，Susan?Youarehavinganosebleed.B:Oh,the_____1._____fellonmynotebookfrommynose.Ineedsomepaper...A:Hereyouare.Well,sitstraightwithyourheadtitledforward(前傾).B:Thankyou.AnddoyoumeanIshouldputmyhead_____2._____,Amy?A:Yes,puttingyourheadupcan_____3._____cause(造成)coughandotherproblems.Afterthat,youneedto_____4._____thesidesofyournose.Andwaitamoment.B:OK.I'mdoingthatnow.Amy,youarejustlikeadoctor.Youknowsomuch.A:Haha,IlearneditfromTV.Areyou_____5._____muchbetternow?B:Yeah.I'mallrightnow.Ihavetosayyouarereallylikeadoctor.Whywereyou_____6.____inthiskindofmedicalknowledge(醫(yī)學知識)?A:Becauseofoneexperience.Once,Icarelessly_____7._____mykneewhenIranwithmyfriends.B:Wasthecut_____8._____?A:Notgood.Ididn'tknowwhattodoatfirst,andthenmyfriendJack_____9._____mycutandputsomemedicineonit.Thenheputa_____10._____onit.Ithinkhewassocool.B:Soyouwanttolearnfromhim.A:Yes,Ithinkthesimplemedicalknowledgecanhelpothersinneed.B:Youaresonice.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.五、十二選十。angrycareclearfinishhealthnormalserioushappystartstopsuccessthinkTinawasa17-year-oldgirl.Shegotaseriousillness(疾病)andhadtouseawalker(助行架)mostofthetime.Peopledidn'tspeaktoherveryoften.Maybeitwasbecauseshewasalittledifferentandpeopledidn'tknowhowtotalktoher.Butshealwayslooked____1.____,andusuallysaidaloud“Hi"topeoplewithout____2.____abouthowtheylookedather.Inoneclass,Iwantedthestudentstorememberanarticle.ThisgradewasaverysmallpartoftheirfinalexamsbecauseIknewmostofmystudentswouldn'tdoitanyway.Intheclass,onebyoneeachstudent____3.____repeated(背誦)thearticle.Noonecouldrepeatthearticlewithoutmakingsomemistakes.Finally,being____4.____andhalfjoking,Isaidthatthenextstudenthadtodothreepush-ups(俯臥撐)ifhecouldn'trepeatit____5.____.Tomysurprise,Tinawasthenext.Sheusedherwalkertomovetothefrontoftheclass.Whensherepeated,shemadeamistake.BeforeIcouldsayaword,sheputawayherwalkerquicklyandstarteddoingpush-ups.Iwantedtosay,”Tina,Iwasjustjoking!"Butshestoodupafterthepush-ups,and____6.____therestofherarticle.Whensheended,astudentasked,“Tina,whydidyoudothat?I'snotimportanthomework!”“BecauseIwanttobe____7.____likeyou!"Tinasaid.Theroomwasquietforsometimebeforeanotherstudentspokeout,”Tina，we'renot!Weareteenagers!Andwehaveproblemsallthetime.”“Iknow."Tinalaughedandsaid.Therestofthestudentslaughed,too.Tinamadeonlyafewmistakesthatday,butshegotthelovefromherclassmatesand____8._____wontheirfriendship(友誼)aswell.Toher,thatwasmuchmorethanagrade.Thelessonis，don'tletanyproblem____9.____youifyoucan'tsolveit,and____10.____therestofyourlifeinadifferentway!1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.六選五。Havingateenagerathomecanbearealheadache.Manyteenagersdononeoftheirschoolwork,colortheirhair,hangoutafterschoolandevenfight—theyalwaystrytobedifferent._____1.______.Isitbecauseteenagersaretooyoungtotellrightfromwrong?Notreally,sowhat'sthereason?Laurence,ateacherfromaUSuniversity,saysthereasonisthatteenagerscarealotabouthowothersthinkaboutthem._____2.______Becausewhenchildrengrowintoteenagers,theywillspendmoretimewiththeirfriendsandclassmates,andtheyalsocaremoreaboutwhatothersthinkofthem.Inatest,scientistsinvitedagroupofteenagerstoplayavideodrivinggame.Whentheyplayedastheirfriendswerewatchingthem,theytookmorerisksanddrovemorebecausethatwouldmaketheirpossibilityofwinninghigher.Butwhentheyplayedontheirown,theydrovemorecarefully.Whydoteenagershavesuchabiginfluence(影響)oneachother?AsLaurencefindsout,ateenagerthinksanddoesthingsinadifferentwayfromtheadults(成年人)._____3.______Theyevengetmoreexcitedattheirworkwhensomeotherpeopleoftheirsameagearenearthem._____4.______Asscienceandtechnologies(科技)improveourlife,theteenagersaremuchhealthierthanwewereinthepast._____5.______A.Teenagersusuallydecideandactmuchfaster.B.Teenagersaremorepossibletogettheresultstheydon'texpect.C.Teenagerssometimesmakedecisionswithoutthinkingclearlyabouttheresults.D.Parentsneedtocaremoreaboutteenager'smental(內(nèi)心的)healththanphysicalhealth.E.Asteenagersgrowintoadults,theyneedtocareabouttheirphysicalhealthandmakesuretheirmindsareashealthya