高考英語(yǔ)特殊句式

高考英語(yǔ)特殊句式2012,11，28一．強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：“Itis/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分＋that/who＋原句其他部分”。被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分為“人”時(shí)用who/that，否則都用that。注意：被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分不能是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。ItwasonMondaynightthatallthishappened.It’smewhoheblamed.Itwaswhatyoudidthatmademesatisfied.ItisIwho/thataminchargeofthefactory.【考點(diǎn)一】考查not...until結(jié)構(gòu)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句，其結(jié)構(gòu)為Itis/wasnotuntil+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+其他部分。①It______wehadstayedtogetherforacoupleofweeks______Ifoundwehadalotincommon.A.wasuntil;whenB.wasuntil;thatC.wasn’tuntil;whenD.wasn’tuntil;that【考點(diǎn)二】考查復(fù)合句中的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型②Wasit_____hewasseriouslyillthathedidn’tcometoschoolyesterday?③______hecamebackhomethatweknewwhathadhappened.A.WhenitwasB.ItwaswhenC.WasitwhenD.Whenwas【考點(diǎn)三】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問(wèn)句結(jié)構(gòu)是：疑問(wèn)詞+is/was+it+that+其他部分，但這類句型如出現(xiàn)在賓語(yǔ)從句中，其結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問(wèn)詞+it+is/was+that+其他部分。WherewasitthatyoumettheFrenchman?④______electricityplaysanimportantpartinourdailylife?A.WhywasitthatB.WhyisitthatC.WhyisitD.Whyitisthat【難點(diǎn)一】正確判斷強(qiáng)調(diào)句型用一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~完成下列句子，使之完整、正確。①Itwastheschoolgate____Imetanoldfriendofmineafterclass.②Wasitinthispalace______thelastemperordied?【難點(diǎn)二】強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與Itis/was+時(shí)間+when/before從句；Itbe+時(shí)間+since從句；Itbelong...before...等句型的區(qū)別。①Itwasatmidnight______Igotbackhomeyesterday.②Itwasmidnight______Igotbackhomeyesterday③Itistwoyears_____IbegantolearnEnglish.④Itmaybemanyyears_______thesituationimproves.二．倒裝定義：為了強(qiáng)調(diào)、突出等目的而顛倒原有語(yǔ)序的句式叫做倒裝句，顛倒了的成分可以恢復(fù)原位而句意基本不變，句法成分不變。倒裝句分為三種：完全倒裝：指將句子中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞全部置于主語(yǔ)之前。1）Upwenttherocketintotheair.2）Suchwouldbeourhomeinthefuture.3）Ontopofthehillstandsatalltree.4）Herecomesthebus.部分倒裝：指將謂語(yǔ)的一部分如助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞倒裝至主語(yǔ)之前。如果句中的謂語(yǔ)沒(méi)有助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，則需添加助動(dòng)詞do,does或did，并將其置于主語(yǔ)之前。1）Onlyinthiswaycanyousolvethisproblem.2）NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain.3）Sounreasonablewashispricethateverybodystartled形式倒裝：在語(yǔ)法上又被稱為前置。它的特點(diǎn)是，只把強(qiáng)調(diào)的內(nèi)容提置句首，主謂并不倒裝。1）Whataninterestingtalktheyhad!2）ThemoreyoulistentoEnglish,theeasieritbecomes.3）Whateverreasonsyouhave,youshouldcarryoutyourpromise.【考點(diǎn)一】部分倒裝(1)句首狀語(yǔ)為否定詞（組）或半否定詞（組）的句子。這類詞或短語(yǔ)主要有never,neither,nor,little,seldom,rarely,hardly,scarcely,nosooner,notonly,innoway,atnotime,few,not,no等。LittledoeshecareaboutwhatIsaid.(2)only+狀語(yǔ)放在句首，要部分倒裝。注意，only修飾主語(yǔ)不倒裝。Onlybythismeansisitpossibletoexplainit.(3)so/such...that結(jié)構(gòu)中的so或such位于句首。Soloudlydidhespeakthatevenpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.(4)“neither/nor＋助動(dòng)詞／系動(dòng)詞／情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)”表示“某人或某事亦非如此”；“so＋助動(dòng)詞／系動(dòng)詞／情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋主語(yǔ)”表示“某人或某事亦是如此”。注意：①當(dāng)陳述部分既有肯定又有否定或者謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞既有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞又有助動(dòng)詞時(shí)，可用下面兩個(gè)句型：Itisthesamewith...或Soitiswith...。Eg：Jackisastudentandhestudieshard.ItisthesamewithTom.②“so＋主語(yǔ)＋助動(dòng)詞／系動(dòng)詞／情態(tài)動(dòng)詞”表示“某人或某事確實(shí)如此”。—Iremindedyounottoforgettheappointment.—Soyoudid.(5)if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句含有were,had，should時(shí),可省略if,再把were,should或had移到從句句首。Hadyoucomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.(6)用于某些表示祝愿的句子里。Mayyousucceed!【考點(diǎn)二】完全倒裝(1)Therebe結(jié)構(gòu)。另外，在此結(jié)構(gòu)中可以用來(lái)代替be動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞有：exist,seem,happen,appear,live,rise,stand等。Thereexistdifferentopinionsonthisquestion.(2)“Here/There/Now/Then+come(或be等)+主語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)。①本句型中there是副詞,應(yīng)重讀,強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)。而Therebe句型中there本身沒(méi)意義。Thencamethehourwehadbeenlookingforwardto.Therecomesthebus.②此句型中的主語(yǔ)必須是名詞。如果主語(yǔ)是人稱代詞，就不用倒裝。Thereshecomes.(3)表示方向的副詞out,in,up,down等置于句首,要用全部倒裝。但主語(yǔ)是代詞時(shí)用部分倒裝。IncameMrWhite.Awaywenttheboy.Outshewent.(4)表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ)(如:onthewall,underthetree,infrontofthehouse等)放在句首時(shí)，要全部倒裝。Onthetopofthehillstandsapinetree.Theyarrivedatahouse,infrontofwhichsatanoldman.(5)用于某些表示祝愿的句子里。LonglivethePeople’sRepublicofChina!(6)其他形式的完全倒裝。PresentatthemeetingwasMr.Green,aheadmaster.Eastofthecityliesanewrailway.Firsttobecompletedwastheseven-storeyteachingbuilding.Gonearethedayswhenmyheartwasyoungandgay.Lyingonthefloorwasaboyaged15.三．省略省略句是英語(yǔ)的一種習(xí)慣用法。按照語(yǔ)法的分析，句子應(yīng)該具備的成分，有時(shí)出于修辭上的需要，在句中并不出現(xiàn)，這種句子叫做省略句，這種語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象稱為“省略”。其特點(diǎn)是：雖然省去句子語(yǔ)法構(gòu)造所需要的組成部分，但仍能表達(dá)其完整的意義。省略形式多樣，從單詞、短語(yǔ)到分句，都可以省略，而且各有一定的銜接關(guān)系，不容臆斷?！究键c(diǎn)一】考查狀語(yǔ)從句的省略在以when,while,if,asif,though(although),as,whether,once,whe