河南平頂山市2024屆高三下學(xué)期學(xué)習(xí)能力診斷英語試題含解析

河南平頂山市2024屆高三下學(xué)期學(xué)習(xí)能力診斷英語試題注意事項(xiàng)：1．答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫清楚，將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在考生信息條形碼粘貼區(qū)。2．選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂；非選擇題必須使用0．5毫米黑色字跡的簽字筆書寫，字體工整、筆跡清楚。3．請按照題號(hào)順序在各題目的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效；在草稿紙、試題卷上答題無效。4．保持卡面清潔，不要折疊，不要弄破、弄皺，不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1．merchantA．machineB．a(chǎn)chieveC．stomachD．technology2．—Look!Maryiscrazilylookingforsomethingagain!—_____,shecan’tfindherkeys.A．Typically B．Occasionally C．Accordingly D．Particularly3．-Oh,wehavefinishedourtaskandcanhaveagoodrest．-________．Ourmanagertookanotherorderyesterday．A．Yes,itwill B．Idon'ttakemuchofitC．It'spossible D．It'shardtosay4．Inspiteof_________hasbeensaid,quitealotofpeoplearestilluncertainaboutthestateofthecountry’seconomy.A．what B．whichC．that D．a(chǎn)s5．CareersAdviceserviceisonlyavailabletopeopleonday-timecourses.A．tostudy B．studyC．studied D．studying6．---IprefershuttingmyselfinandlisteningtomusicalldayonSundays.---That’s_______Idon’tagree.Youshouldhaveamoreactivelife.A．how B．when C．where D．what7．Itisafoolishactto________notesduringatestasyouwillbeseverelypunished.A．stickto B．referto C．keepto D．pointto8．_______naturallybytheskinwhenexposedtosunlight,VitaminDisneededforhealthybones,teethandmuscles.A．Making B．TomakeC．Made D．Make9．---________Isaysomethingtoyou?Youwerereally,reallysomethingbackthere.Incredible!---Areyoutalkingto---me?Whoa!A．Must B．Can C．Need D．Should10．Thedoctor’streatmenthasworkedmarvels:thepatienthascompletely．A．repeated B．returned C．recovered D．reminded11．IntheNameofPeople,apopularTVdrama,showsadeep________onthefightagainstcorruption.A．a(chǎn)rgumentB．themeC．reflectionD．impression12．8studentsand2teachersatSantaFeHighSchoolbya17-year-studentarmedwithashotgunandapistol.Thisisoneofthemanygun-relatedtragediesthathavehappenedinthelast2years.A．killedB．werekilledC．havekilledD．havebeenkilled13．AChineseproverbhasitthatatowerisbuiltwhensoilonearth_________,andariverisformedwhenstreamscometogether.A．a(chǎn)ccumulates B．a(chǎn)ccelerates C．collapses D．loosens14．AsurveysuggeststhattheroyalweddingofPrinceWilliamandKateMiddleton_____agreatboostforBritisheconomybecausealargenumberofvisitorsareexpectedtogo.A．willbe B．hasbeen C．was D．be15．---May!Howisyourplan?IheardyoustarteditlastSunday.---Oh!Iforit,butIhaven’tdecidedwheretostartit.A．haveprepared B．hadprepared C．havebeenpreparing D．waspreparing16．Thesciencecompetitionisagoodopportunitytoshowstudents_____creativitycanaddnewvaluetotheirschoollife.A．where B．whether C．how D．when17．Wecouldhavedonesomethingmeaningfulinthetimeit________towatchthatboringmovie.A．hastaken B．took C．hadtaken D．takes18．Salesdirectorisaposition_______communicationabilityisjustasimportantassaleskills.A．which B．thatC．when D．where19．Theeventthat_________inmymemoryhappenedonemorningin1983whenIwas14yearsold.Ithasneverescaped.A．stoodoutB．standsoutC．wouldstandoutD．hasstoodout20．---Isawnomorethanonemotorcarintheshop.Willyougoandbuy?---No,I’dratherfindinothershops.A．it;oneB．one;itC．it;theoneD．theone;it第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。21．（6分）BythetimeRobertPorterAllenwasbornin1905,thewhoopingcrane(鳴鶴)wasalreadyintrouble.ThebeautifulbirdwasoncecommonlyfoundacrossNorthAmerica.By1941,thewhoopingcranepopulationhaddwindledtothedoubledigits.ThetallestspeciesinNorthAmericawerecriticallyendangered.Inthe1940s,theremainingcranesmigrate(遷徙)everyyearfromtheGulfCoastofTexastosomewhereinthenorthofCanadatobreed(繁殖).Theconservationcommunitydidn’tknowwherethebirdswent.Thewetlandswheretheyusedtospendwintersweregrowingrarerandrarerastheytiny,non-migratinggroupofwhoopingcraneswasaliveinLouisianain1941,butthegrouphaddisappearedbythetimeAllenstartedhisresearch.In1942,AllenundertookthewhoopingcraneprojectOverthenextthreeyears,hedidalmostconstantfieldworkthattookhimfromTexasupthecranes'migrationroutetoNebraska,andonintoSaskatchewaninsearchofthenestinggroundofthebirds.Studyingthebirdinitsbreedinghabitatandseeinghowmanybirdswerebornwouldallowconservationiststounderstandhowtohelpthebirdsontheirjourney.Butfindingthewhoopingcrane'snestingsitemeantdifficultandfruitlessairsearchesovernorthernCanada.In1952,Allenwroteareportonthewhoopingcrane.Thereportwasawarningcalltotheconservationcommunity:only33migratory"whoopers"remained,andtheirnestingsitestillhadn’tbeenfound.Twoyearslater,thewhoopingcranesbreedinggroundsinCanada'sWoodBuffaloNationalParkwerefinallyfound,andAllenheadednorthtostudythemfirsthand,an"incrediblydifficultjourney,"inSprunt’swords,Allen’sworklaidthegroundworkforconservationiststosavethebirds.Theireffortspaidoffasthenumbersreached57by1970and214by2005.Today,thewhoopingcraneisstilllistedasendangered,butthereareroughly600birdsalive.1、Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．ItisastoryaboutAllen’ssearchingforalostbird.B．Itisastoryaboutthecranes,LongmigrationflightC．Itisastoryaboutthecranesurvivingthewinters.D．Itisastoryaboutconservingthewhoopingcrane2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dwindled”meaninthefirstparagraph?A．Increased B．Reduced C．Stayed D．Limited3、AccordingtothePassage,whichofthefollowingismainlyresponsibleforwhathappenedtotheremainingwhoopingcranes？A．Habitatloss B．Illegalhunting. C．Naturaldisaster. D．Deadlydiseases.4、Whichofthefollowingeventstookplacein1954?A．Thenon-migratinggroupofwhoopingcranesdisappearedB．RobertPotterAllenundertookthewhoopingcraneproject.C．ThewhoopingcranesbreedinggroundswerediscoveredD．RobertPorterAllenwroteareportonthewhoopingcrane.22．（8分）Whatwillpoweryourhouseinthefuture?Nuclearwindorsolarpower?AccordingtoscientistsattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)intheUS,itmightbeartificialleaves.Naturalleavesareabletochangesunlightandwaterintoenergy.Itisknownas

photosynthesis

(光合作用).Nowresearchershavefoundawaytoimitatethisprocess.TheartificialleafdevelopedbyDanielNoceraandhiscolleaguesatMITcanbeseenasaspecial

siliconchipwith

catalysts(催化劑).Similartonaturalleaves,itcansplitwaterintohydrogen

andoxygenwhenputintoabucketofwater.Thehydrogenandoxygengasesarethenstoredinafuel

cell

(電池),usingthosetwomaterialstoproduceelectricity,locatedeitherontopofahouseorbesidethehouse.Thoughtheleafisonlyabouttheshapeofapokercard,scientistsclaimedthatitispromisingtobean

inexpensivesourceofelectricityindevelopingcountries.“OnecanimaginevillagesinIndiaandAfricanotlongfromnowpurchasinganaffordablebasicpowersystembasedonthistechnology”saidanAmericanscientist,Nocera.Anartificialleafisnotanewidea.Thefirstartificialleafwasinventedin1997butwastooexpensive

andunstableforpracticaluse.Thenewleaf,however,ismadeofcheapmaterials,easytouseandhighlystable.Inlaboratorystudies,Nocerashowedthatanartificialleafcouldoperate

continuouslyforatleast45hours.ThewonderfulimprovementscomefromNocera’srecentdiscoveryofseveralpowerfulnew,

inexpensivecatalysts.Thesecatalystsmaketheenergy

transformationinsidetheleafmore

efficientwithwaterandsunlight.Rightnowthenewleafisabout10timesmoreeffectiveatcarryingoutphotosynthesisthananaturalone.Besides,thedevicecanruninwhateverwaterisavailable.

Thisisimportantforsomecountriesthatdon’thaveaccesstopurewater.Hopefully,eachhomecouldhaveaccesstothenewapplicationinthefuture.1、Thepurposeofthisarticleisto________.A．introduceanewkindofdeviceB．a(chǎn)skpeopletodotheresearchC．a(chǎn)dvertisethenewproductD．showtheprocessofphotosynthesis2、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheadvantagesofthenewleaf?A．It’slowincost.B．It’ssmallinsize.C．Ithasawonderfulfuelcell.D．It’sconvenientforpeopletouse.3、Whatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthetext?A．Nocerathoughtthenewleafisexpensivefordevelopingcountries.B．VillagesinAfricahavebenefitedalotfromthenewinvention.C．Siliconchipcanhelpthenewleafworkmoreeffectively.D．Theequipmentdoesn’tnecessarilyoperateinpurewater.4、What’sthewriter’sattitudetowardsthenewdevice?A．Negative.B．Optimistic.C．Doubtful.D．Uncertain.5、Accordingtothetext,whatwilltakeplaceinthefuture?A．Naturalleaveswilltaketheplaceofartificialleaves.B．Scientistswilldevelopmorewaystoproduceenergy.C．Thenewinventioncouldbewidelyusedinthefuture.D．Developingcountrieswillcontributemoretotheresearch.23．（8分）Travelisoneofthemostexcitingexperiencesahumanbeingcanhave.ImaginehowItaliantravelerMarcoPolomusthavefeltwhenhefoundhimselfonChinesesoil,seeingawayoflifequitedifferentfromanythinghe’dseenbefore.AndhowmarvelousmustithavebeentolistentoZhangQianwhenhereturnedtoChinafromhisjourneythroughCentralAsiaandWestAsia?Hisbrainmusthavebeenpackedwitheverythinghe’dseenandheard,leadingtothefoundingoftheSilkRoad.Somepeoplehavetraveledallovertheworld,andtravelisawayoflifetothem.Theyperhapsknowwhattoexpectbeforetheytravel.That’swhythebesttraveliswhenit’sforthefirsttime.ImagineapersonwhohasalwayswantedtotraveltotheUnitedStates.Ofcourse,they’veprobablyseentheStatueofLibertyathousandtimesonTV,andtheWhiteHouse,andalltheotherfamoussights.Butnoneofthatwouldcomparetothethrilloflookingoutofthecabinwindowastheplanelands,watchingthecitiesandstreetsoftherealAmericacomeintoview.Althoughtravelisoftenjustforrecreation,it’salsoeducational.Wemaynotknowthatwearegettinganeducation,butwestillare.We’relearningeveryday:newwordsinanewlanguage,newpeople,andnewwaysoflife.Butthislearningtakesplaceintheschooloftheworld,nottheclassroom.Oneofthelessonswelearnisundoubtedlyamoralone.Aswegettoknowforeignplaces,wecometounderstandthattherearemanydifferentwaystolive,andthatthewayweliveisn’tnecessarilythebestway.TheBritishpoliticianBenjaminDisraelisummedthisupwellwhenhesaid,“Travelteachestoleration.”1、TheauthorusesMarcoPoloandZhangQianasexamplesto.A．explainhowtheSilkRoadwasfoundedB．presenttravelasanamazingexperienceC．showhowthewaypeopletravelhaschangedD．describeimportantculturalexchangesinhistory2、Bysaying“thebesttraveliswhenit’sforthefirsttime”,theauthormeansthat.A．one’sfirsttripisusuallythemostchallengingB．noothertripisbetterthanone’sfirsttripC．thereisalwaysmuchtolearnonone’sfirsttripD．peopleusuallymakebetterpreparationsfortheirfirsttrip3、Theunderlinedwordinparagraph4probablymeans.A．learningB．knowledgeC．funD．risk4、Accordingtothelasttwoparagraphs,theauthorbelievesthat.A．travelingshouldbeincludedinformaleducationB．travelingimprovespeople’sconfidenceintheirlifestyleC．a(chǎn)foreignjourneymayraisepeople’sculturalunderstandingD．thereismoretolearnfromadventuresthanbeinginclassroom24．（8分）Mostpeoplemaythinkthatpeoplewhowritecomputercodemustbegoodatmathandlogicalthinking.However,peoplewhowritecomputercodesaythatcreativityisalsoanimportantqualityforcoding.SoftwaredevelopersintheAmericanstateofCaliforniahavecreatedagamecalledOsmoCodingJam.Thegameisdesignedtohelpchildrenusethecreativesideoftheirmindsastheylearntocode.ChildrencanplaythegameoniPads.Therearemanyactivitiestheycandobythegame.TanyaDodgeisthemotheroftwochildren,nine-year-oldDylanandhis11-year-oldsisterMeghan,whoplaythegame.Accordingtoher,theseactivitiesgivethemimportantskillsforthefuture.“It’sananalyticalskillthatthekidsaregoingtoneedtohaveastheygrowuptoday”saidDodge.ButthedevelopersofOsmoCodingJambelievewritingcodeshouldbemorethanjustananalyticalskill.“WewanttoexplorethecreativesideofcodingthatIthinkisoftennotasexplored,”saidFelixHu,anOsmoengineer.Huadded,“Thecoolestpartisthatwe’reteachingkidshowtobecreativewithcodeandthat’sareallyimportantthingthatkidsshouldgetcomfortablewithbecausecodingiscreative.”Hualsoseesagrowingnumberofparentswhofeelthatsoftwarecodeisasecondlanguagethatchildrenneedtolearntosucceedinfuturejobs.TanyaDodge,themotherofDylanandMeghan,consents.Shesaid,“Ithinkyou’regoingtohavetounderstandatsomepointtheideaofcodingwillworkwellinthefuture.”Hualsoexplainedthatveryoftenkidsgrowupnotunderstandinghowacomputerworksorjustthinkingthatit’slikeamagicalmachine.Hesaidbybreakingitdowntoalowerlevel,kidscanunderstandthatthecomputerisn’tassmartastheythinkitis.1、OsmoCodingJamisdesignedfor________.A．trainingkids’logicalthinkingB．helpingkidslearntocodefastC．helpingchildrenlearnmathwellD．helpingkidsbecomemorecreative2、WhatdoesTanyaDodgethinkofOsmoCodingJam?A．Itneedstobeimproved.B．Itishighlyaddictiveforkids.C．Itisofgreathelptotoday’skids.D．Itisimperfectintrainingkids’analyticalskill.3、WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTrueaccordingtothetext?A．TanyaDodgeagreesthatcodingisgoodforchildrentosucceedinfuturejobs.B．Manyparentsdoubtswhethercodingwillhelpchildrenworkwellinthefuture.C．Creativityisnotsoimportantaslogicalthinkingforcoding.D．TanyaDodgehastwogirls,whoplaythegame,OsmoCodingJam.4、Whatcanweknowaboutkids’learningcodingfromthelastparagraph?A．Itmakesthemmuchmoreconfidentandcreative.B．Itmakesthemlikeusingcomputersmore.C．Ithelpsthemknowbetteraboutcomputers.D．Ithelpsthemknowbetteraboutthemselves.5、What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthepassage?A．Totellhowtolearntocodewell.B．Totellaboutanewgameforkids.C．Toencouragekidstolearntocode.D．Toshowtheimportanceofcreativity.25．（10分）ChinaTravelgetsyouclosertoChineseculture,history,sceneryandlocallife.Ouraimistohelpyoucreateauniquetourfullofpleasureandorientalbeauty.Wecanfacilitate(使……便利)yourparticipationinsomespecialprograms,liketakingcareofcutegiantpandas,exploringtheForbiddenCityinauniqueway,andlearninghowtomakedumplings.Now,pleasetakealittletimetohearourstory.SeniorTravelAdvisorLeonhasworkedasaseniortraveladvisorfor12+yearsandhelped7,000+visitorscreatetheirtripstoChina.Hedelightsinhelpingthosewholovetravellikehim.HehasbeentomostpartsofChina.Welcometocontacthimatservice@.Vanessa,workingasaseniortraveladvisorfor8yearsandhelping4,200+touristscreatetheirtriptoChina,excelsatworkingoutsolutionsforcustomers.Ifyouhavetravelideas,welcometocontactherat800-933-7181.TravelAdvisorThoughVivihasworkedonlyforover2years,sheiswillingtohelppeoplefromallovertheworldexploreandtourgreatChinaforChinahasabundantandattractivetravelresources.Welcometocontactherat800-933-7171.WebDesignerLuoLinglingisthedesignerforChinaTravel.Ourwebsitebecomesmoreandmorebeautifulduetohergoodtaste.Ifyouhaveanyideaaboutthedesignofthewebsite,pleasecontacther.WebEditorAsatravellover,Elyseesknowswhatinformationatravelerneeds.Asawebeditor,sheexcelsatgatheringinformation，findingoutproblemsandwritingsolutionsdown.WebsiteDeviserZhaoPengisthetechpersonforChinaTravelDotCom.Ifyouhaveanyideaaboutthefunctionofthewebsite,pleasecontacthimbyfillingoutcontactforms.Hehopesyouarehappywiththewebsitecontent.1、Ifyouwanttocontactthemostexperiencedtraveladviser,youcan.A．sendane-mailatservice@B．callat800-933-7181C．filloutcontactformsD．surfonthewebsiteofChinaTravel2、Whichpositionisresponsibleforsolvingtravelproblems?A．TravelAdvisor.B．WebEditor.C．WebDesigner.D．WebsiteDeviser.3、Ifyouhaveideasabouthowtomakethewebsitebeautiful,youcancontact.A．VanessaB．LuoLinglingC．ElyseesD．ZhaoPeng4、WhatcanwelearnaboutChinaTravel?A．Ithasthreeexperiencedtraveladvisers.B．Itwilltellyouwhichtravelagencyhasthebestservice.C．Itprovidessometypesofprogramstosatisfythetravelers.D．AllthestaffofChinaTravelfavortraveling.第三部分語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)．26．（30分）AtripacrossthePacificwillguaranteeyouadifferentexperiencewithatippingcultureyou’venevercomeacrossinChina.IntheUS,givingalittle1moneytoserviceworkersontopofyourbillisacommon2.ThoughUSnationallaw3thatbusinessespayworkersatleast$7.25(45yuan)perhour,employeesreceivingtips—oftenwaitersandwaitresses—aretheexceptions.They4onlyreceive$2.13anhour,andtips5thedifference.AstheWallStreetJournalputit,“TheAmericansystemoftippingholdsthepromiseofgreat6forwaitingstaff.”SohowshouldyoutipifyouareintheUS?7youpaytipsasapercentageofthebill.Offeringanextra15percentofthe8tothewaiterorwaitressinarestaurantandtothedeliverymanorwomaniscustomaryand9.Youcanoffermoreforgreatserviceandlessfor10service.Yetthereisan11.Fortake-outfood,youdon’thaveto12tipsforthesellers.Tipsarenotexpectedatfastfoodrestaurants,cafésoricecreamshopseither,thoughatipjar13berightbythecashregister(收銀機(jī)).Don’tfeelobligatedtothrowsomemoneyin,rememberingthatitdoesn’thurt.Thoseworkersdonot14ontips.Otherserviceworkersalsoreceivetips.Fortaxidrivers,15percentisthenorm(標(biāo)準(zhǔn)),15iftheyhelpwithyourbags.Thesamegoesfortourguides.Today,youcanevenpaytipsonacreditcard.Whenreceivingacopyofthebilltosign,youare16tofillinhowmuchyou’dliketotip.17thinkingaboutwhentotipandhowmuchyoushouldtipcausesabig18formanyChinesepeople,it’simportantto19inmindthataslongasyoushowrespectanduseyourreasoning,thingswillbejust20.1、A．good B．pocket C．extra D．lucky2、A．method B．practice C．way D．a(chǎn)greement3、A．requires B．believes C．hopes D．a(chǎn)grees4、A．rarely B．usually C．seldom D．a(chǎn)lways5、A．putup B．takeup C．holdup D．makeup6、A．praises B．prizes C．a(chǎn)wards D．rewards7、A．Fortunately B．Naturally C．Normally D．Surprisingly8、A．bill B．note C．check D．tip9、A．expected B．limited C．illegal D．casual10、A．superb B．poor C．splendid D．new11、A．example B．incident C．exception D．opportunity12、A．provide B．pay C．charge D．demand13、A．need B．should C．must D．might14、A．put B．live C．work D．rely15、A．less B．bigger C．more D．smaller16、A．eager B．free C．willing D．delighted17、A．Though B．Nowthat C．Asif D．When18、A．dilemma B．enjoyment C．headache D．change19、A．stay B．bear C．bring D．take20、A．terrible B．various C．valuable D．fine第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。27．（15分）AWhenIwasinprimaryschool,Ididn’tlikegoingtoschool.Ihad1．(difficult)inreadingandwritingandIalwayscouldnotanswertheteacher’squestions2．(correct).IcriedalotbecauseI3．(laugh)atbymyclassmates.Myparentswouldalwaysgetmadatme.Ifeltveryupsetanddidn’thaveanyinterest4．study.Butthenoneday,Idecided5．(change)myattitudetowardsstudy.6．IendeduppayingmoreattentioninclassandIstartedtopracticemyvocabularyandspellingskills.Also,Ialways7．(go)tomyteacherstoaskforhelpwhenIhadanytrouble.IstartedtodobetterinGrade3.8．IwasinGrade4,Iwasstillimproving.ByGrade5,Ihadbecomethetopstudentinclass.NowasIam9．seniorhighschoolstudent,Iknowitmightbedifficultatfirst.ButIlikemypastinprimaryschool,IknowifIkeepworkinganddon’tgiveupIwillbe10．(success).第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（滿分10分）28．（10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文請你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意:1、每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞。2、只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。Haveyoueverhadheadacheduringatest?Haveyoueverbeentooconcernedaboutsomethingthatyouevencan'tsleepatnigh?Ifso，thenyouknowthatstressis、Toomuchstresscanresultinanger，depressionand