初中英語教材解讀人教九年級上冊單元專題整合賓語從句

什么是賓語從句？試比較：We

know

him．

We

know

helikesEnglish.主s主s謂v謂v賓o賓o賓語從句就是用一個句子來構(gòu)成主句的賓語

主s謂v賓o簡單句復(fù)合句DoyouknowwhoisthefirstChineseastronaut?Ourteachertoldusthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.Pleasetellme

whereshehasgone.Idon’tknowifhewillcometonight.Let’sfindoutwhat’sontonight.FindouttheObjectClauses（找出賓語從句）句子結(jié)構(gòu)：

1.that主句+引導(dǎo)詞

2.where等疑問詞+從句

3.whether/if________________________

主句部分+

引導(dǎo)詞+從句部分學(xué)好賓語從句過好“四關(guān)”：第一關(guān):引導(dǎo)詞

that

if/whether（是否）

特殊疑問詞(what..)從句是陳述句

(口語中常省略）從句是一般疑問句從句是特殊疑問句賓語從句根據(jù)引導(dǎo)詞的不同可分為三種類型：（看從句）注：that在句中無詞匯意義，在從句中不能充當成分，在口語當中往往省略e.g.1.Ihear(that)

hewillbebackinanhour.2.Hesaid(that)

hemissedusverymuch.1.由從屬連詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句(2)DoesKategetupearly?Doyouknow?Doyouknowif/whetherKategetsupearly?(1)IsJimagoodstudent?

Idon’tknow．Idon’tknowif/whetherJimisagoodstudent.２．當一般疑問句充當賓語時，由________

連接．if/whethereg:注意：只能用whether不用if的三種情況一般情況下，if和whether可以互換，但以下3種情況只能用whether：①與ornot連用：

Heaskedme

whetherornot

Iwascoming.②在介詞之后：

Itdepends

onwhether

itis

goingtorain.③在不定式之前：

Wehaven’tdecided

whetherto

gothere.3.由連接代詞Who,

whom,

whose,

which，what和連接副詞where,

how,

why,

when引導(dǎo)的賓語從句e.g.1.Doyouknowwhosebookitis?2.Pleasetellmewhenwe’llhaveameeting.3.Couldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?4.Heaskedwhocouldanswerthequestion.當主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句的時態(tài)不作限制，我們可以根據(jù)句子的意思來使用需要的任何一種時態(tài)。2.賓語從句中時態(tài)的變化Ihear(that)Jimwenttoworkanhourago.heisinterestedinEnglish.shewillcometomorrow.TomhasbeentoLondontwice.當主句是一般過去時的時候，賓語從句必須運用相應(yīng)的過去的某一種時態(tài)，從而達到主句和從句的相互一致。HewillgotoHongKong.Heissick.Heisreadingabook.Hehasfinishedhiswork.HesaidHehadfinishedhiswork.HewouldgotoHongKong.Hewassick.Hewasreadingabook.

當賓語從句說明的是客觀存在的事實或者是客觀存在的真理時，就不用受到主句時態(tài)的限制，仍是用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。thesunismuchbiggerthanthemoon.SummerisafterSpring.theearthmovesaroundthesun.

Hetoldme(that)Wekmew(that)Theteachertoldus(that)第二關(guān):賓語從句的語序賓語從句必須用陳述句語序。即：主句部分+引導(dǎo)詞+____+____+____謂語1.WheredidhemeetJim?IwanttoknowIwanttoknow_________________________2.Isthecatlikeatigerornot?SheaskedSheasked________________________ornot.?wherehemetJim.whetherthecatwaslikeatiger其他主語

Doesheworkhard？Iwonder.→Iwonderifheworkshard.

Whendidheleave？Idon’tknow.→Idon’tknowwhenheleft.①陳述句變?yōu)橘e語從句，語序不變，即仍用陳述語序。如：Heisanhonestboy.Theteachersaid.→Theteachersaid（that）hewasanhonestboy.②一般疑問句和特殊疑問句變?yōu)橘e語從句，語序變?yōu)殛愂稣Z序。如：

如果當一些固定句式或who等在從句中做主語時,語序本身就是“主語+謂語”,即從句部分順序不變.

Whatisthematterwith……..?Whatiswrongwith………?Whichisthewayto……..?Whatisinthebox?Whoisonduty?

注意事項eg:Idon'tknowwhoisonduty.

could/would是委婉語氣，而不是過去式，因此賓語從句的時態(tài)根據(jù)實際情況用不同時態(tài)。注意事項Couldyoutellmewherehelives?Couldyoutellmehowhe________(go)toschooleveryday?goes賓語從句三要素引導(dǎo)詞that+陳述句

if／whether+一般疑問句

(陳述語序）

特殊疑問詞+特殊疑問句(陳述語序）時態(tài)主句為一般現(xiàn)在時從句可為任何時態(tài)主句為一般過去時從句一般過去時過去將來時過去進行時過去完成時語序賓語從句的語序都為陳述句語序客觀真理時態(tài)不變Findoutthemistakesandcorrect.1.Couldyoutellmewheredotheylive?

2.SheknewthatDannyisastudent.3.Hetoldmethatwinterwascolderthanautumn.

4.Doyouknowwhocaritis?

wasiswhose1.--Couldyoutellmehowlong__thebook?--Threedays.A.IcankeepB.CanIborrowC.IcanborrowD.CanIkeep2.Iwanttoknow___yesterday?A.whydidyoucomelateB.whyyoucamelateC.whydoyoucomelate.D.whyyoucomelate3.--Couldyoutellme__tomorrowmorning?--Well,itwillstartat9:00.A.whenthemeetingwillstartB.wherewillthemeetingstartC.wherethemeetingstart

D.whenwillthemeetingstartChoosetherightanswers4.Canyoutellme

?A.whatwillwedoB.wewilldowhatC.whatwewilldoD.willwedowhat

5.—Doyouknow___forShanghailastnight?---At9:00.whattimeheleavesWhattimedoesheleaveC.WhattimeheleftD.Whattimedidheleave3.瑪麗想知道你能否幫她？

Marywantstoknowifyoucanhelpher.2.你能告訴我你住哪里嗎？

Canyoutellmewhereyoulive?

1.我想知道你喜歡什么顏色

Iwanttoknowwhatcolouryoulike.

Translate4.Danny說他明天出發(fā)去上海DannysaysthathewillleaveforShanghaitomorrow.5.我想湯姆已經(jīng)完成作業(yè)了

Ithink

thatTomhasfinishedhishomework.(一)問題當主句的謂語動詞是“think,believe,guess”，主句主語是第一人稱(即：I、we)時，從句是否定概念時,必須把否定前移.e.g：我認為他不會來了I__________________________________________第四關(guān)：幾個不可忽視的問題don’tthinkthathewillcome.2.我們相信這鴨子不會走路.Wedidn’t____________theduck______________couldwalk.believethat其它問題

didsheIdon’tthinkheisserious,_________?isheIbelievehecanfinishitontime,____________?can’the否定的轉(zhuǎn)移：

當主句的謂語動詞是think,believe,guess,suppose等詞時，其后面的賓語從句的否定應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)移到主句上。如：Idon’tthinkheisright.我認為他不對。附加疑問句（反意疑問句）：1.一般根據(jù)主句的謂語動詞判斷：如：Shedidn’tsaythathewouldcomehere,________?2.當主句主語為I,we，主句動詞為suppose,believe，think等，則根據(jù)從句判斷，但肯、否定形式根據(jù)主句判斷：標點符號的確定：帶有賓語從句的主從復(fù)合句的標點符號取決于主句。主句是陳述句:。HeaskedmewhereIwentjustnow.

問句：？Doyouknowwhenhe’llbeback?

(二)由疑問詞“when,who,what,how等引導(dǎo)的賓語從句與簡單句“疑問詞+不定式”的互相轉(zhuǎn)換.1.Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddonextIdon’tknow_______________next2.Wedidn’tknowwhetherwecouldgoornot.Wedidn’tknow________________ornot.3.Lucyhasn’tdecidedwhichcuptochoose

Lucyhasn’tdecided_________________choose.whattodo

whichcupshewillwhethertogo/can(三)如果從句中含有or或ornot時，只能用whether而不用if；(四)

賓語從句的標點符號得看主句.即主句是疑問句則用“?”,主句是陳述句則用“.”四、if,when引導(dǎo)賓語從句和狀語從句的區(qū)別

1.賓語從句:ifwhen

2.狀語從句:條件狀語從句if時間狀語從句when

是否什么時候(即特殊疑問詞)如果從句時態(tài)根據(jù)主句而定當……時時態(tài):