考研考博-英語-南昌大學(xué)科學(xué)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解篇

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟！住在富人區(qū)的她考研考博-英語-南昌大學(xué)科學(xué)技術(shù)學(xué)院押題密卷附帶答案詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）全文為Word可編輯，若為PDF皆為盜版，請謹(jǐn)慎購買！第壹套一.全考點押題密卷-綜合訓(xùn)練(共50題)1.單選題

Thisisthemilitary______.Nobodyisallowedtogetinwithoutpermission.

問題1選項

A.bond

B.zone

C.butter

D.zoo

【答案】B

【解析】【試題解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項bond“紐帶”；B選項zone“（有某特色或作用的）地區(qū)”；C選項butter“黃油”；D選項zoo“動物園”。句意：這是軍事______。未經(jīng)允許，任何人不得入內(nèi)。根據(jù)語境，這里指的是不得進入一個區(qū)域，B選項zone“有某特色或作用的）地區(qū)”符合題意。因此B選項正確。

2.單選題

21-25

問題1選項

A.Anewconceptofdiabetes.

B.ThedefinitionofType1andType2diabetes.

C.Thenewmanagementofdiabeticsinthehospital.

D.Thenewdevelopmentofnon-perishableinsulinpills.

問題2選項

A.Becauseitvaporizeseasily.

B.Becauseitbecomesoveractiveeasily.

C.Becauseitisusuallyininjectionform.

D.Becauseitisnotstableabove40degreesFahrenheit.

問題3選項

A.Thediabeticscanbecuredwithouttakingsyntheticinsulinanylonger.

B.Thefindingsprovideinsightintohowinsulinworks.

C.Insulincanbemorestablethanitisnow.

D.Insulincanbeproducednaturally.

問題4選項

A.Itisstableatroomtemperatureforseveralyears.

B.Itisadministereddirectlyintothebloodstream.

C.Itdeliversglucosefrombloodtothecells.

D.Itismorechemicallycomplex.25.

問題5選項

A.Whyinsulinisnotstableatroomtemperature.

B.Howimportantitistounderstandthechemicalbondsofinsulin.

C.WhypeoplewithType1andType2diabetesdon’tproduceenoughinsulin.

D.Whatshapeinsulintakeswhenitunlocksthecellstotakesugarformblood.

【答案】第1題:D

第2題:D

第3題:B

第4題:A

第5題:D

【解析】(21)AteamofAustralianchemistrystudentshavestrengthenedthechemicalbondsofinsulintomakeitstableevenatwarmtemperatures—abreakthroughthatcouldsimplifydiabetesmanagement.Thefindingcouldshedlightonhowinsulinworksandeventuallyleadtoinsulinpills,ratherthaninjectionsorpumps.(22)Insulinneedstobekeptcoldbecauseitismadeofweakchemicalbondsthatdegradeattemperaturesabove40degreesFahrenheit,makingitinactive.Butusingaseriesofchemicalreactions,theresearchteam,comprisedofstudentsfromMonashUniversityinAustralia,replacedtheunstablebondswithstronger,carbon-basedones.Thestrongerbondsstabilizetheinsulin’stwoproteinchainswithoutinterferingwithitsnaturalactivity,accordingtoastoryaboutthefindingsatSciGuru.(24)Theso-called“dicarba”insulinswerestableatroomtemperatureforseveralyears,SciGurusays.(23)Evenmorepromisingisthatthefindingsprovideinsightintohowinsulinworks.

PeoplewithType1andType2diabetesdonotproduceenoughinsulin,whetherit’stheresultofanauto-immunedisorderthatstopsproducingitentirely(Type1)oraconditionbroughtonbyotherfactorslikeobesity,inwhichthebodycannolongeruseitproperly(Type2).Insulinisthemechanismthatdeliversglucosefromthebloodtothecells,sodiabeticsmusttakeasyntheticformofthehormone.(25)Wheninsulinunlockscellstoallowsugartobetakenupfromtheblood,thehormone’sshapechanges—butnooneissurewhattheshapelookslike.Ifresearchersknewthatshape,theycoulddesignsmaller;less-complexversionsofinsulinthatdon’tuseproteins.Thenitcouldbeadministeredinpillformratherthandirectlyintothebloodstream.Understandingthemolecule’schemicalbondsisasteptowardunlockingthatshape,theresearcherssay.

21.Whatisthemainideaofthetalk?

【解析】文章開頭即給出了主旨：一組澳大利亞的化學(xué)系學(xué)生強化了胰島素的化學(xué)鍵，以使其在高溫下也能穩(wěn)定。故選D。

22.Whydoesinsulinneedtobekeptcold,accordingtothetalk?

【解析】根據(jù)文章信息，胰島素的化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)較弱，在高溫下會使胰島素失效。故選D。

23.Whatmakestheresearchmorepromising?

【解析】根據(jù)原文信息可以得知：研究結(jié)果更有助于了解胰島素是如何發(fā)揮效用的，故選B。

24.Whatistrueaboutthenewtypeofinsulin?

【解析】根據(jù)原文信息可以得知：這種新型胰島素可以在室溫下放置幾年（不變質(zhì)），故選A。

25.Whatisunknowntothescientists,accordingtothetalk?

【解析】原文中提到當(dāng)胰島素“打開”細(xì)胞，讓血液中的葡萄糖進入細(xì)胞時，荷爾蒙的形態(tài)隨之改變，但無人知曉其形態(tài)是什么樣的。故選D。

3.單選題

（）adelay,thetrainwillarriveinShanghaiat6:30a.m.

問題1選項

A.Except

B.Barring

C.Apartfrom

D.Onaccountof

【答案】B

【解析】介詞詞義解析。except“除了”；barring“倘若”；apartfrom“除……以外”；onaccountof“由于”。題中adelay是一個名詞，所以需填入介詞。句意：倘若沒有延誤的話，或者應(yīng)該會在上午六點半到達上海。選項B符合題意。

4.單選題

Thenewcurriculumintendstostrengthenchildren’spracticeofbasicsocial___.

問題1選項

A.manners

B.politeness

C.rules

D.regulations

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項manners“方式；習(xí)慣；種類；規(guī)矩；風(fēng)俗”；B選項politeness“有禮貌；優(yōu)雅”；C選項rules“規(guī)則（在特定情況下或玩游戲時可以做什么、必須做什么或不能做什么的陳述）；建議；統(tǒng)治；習(xí)慣；定律；法治；尺子；破折號”；D選項regulations“管理；規(guī)則（政府或其它權(quán)威制定的官方規(guī)定）；校準(zhǔn)”。句意：新課程旨在加強兒童的基本社交___實踐。本句表達“基本社交禮儀”，因此A選項正確。

5.單選題

GREYINGPOPULATIONSTAYSINTHEPINK

Elderlypeoplearegrowinghealthier,happierandmoreindependent,sayAmericanscientists.Theresultsofa14-yearstudytobeannouncedlaterthismonthrevealthatthediseasesassociatedwitholdageareafflictingfewerandfewerpeopleandwhentheydostrike,itismuchlaterinlife.

Inthelast14years,theNationallong-termHealthCareSurveyhasgathereddataonthehealthandlifestylesofmorethan20,000menandwomenover65.Researchers,nowanalyzingtheresultsofdatagatheredin1994,sayarthritis,highbloodpressureandcirculationproblems—themajormedicalcomplaintsinthisagegroup—aretroublingasmallerproportioneveryyear.Andthedataconfirmsthattherateatwhichthesediseasesaredecliningcontinuestoaccelerate.Otherdiseasesofoldage—dementia,stroke,arteriosclerosisandemphysema—arealsotroublingfewerandfewerpeople.

Itreallyraisesthequestionofwhatshouldbeconsiderednormalageing,saysKennethManton,ademographerfromDukeUniversityinNorthCarolina.Hesaystheproblemsdoctorsacceptedasnormalina65-year-oldin1982areoftennotappearinguntilpeopleare70or75.

Clearly,certaindiseasesarebeatingaretreatinthefaceofmedicaladvances.Buttheremaybeothercontributingfactors.Improvementsinchildhoodnutritioninthefirstquarterofthetwentiethcentury,forexample,gavetoday’selderlypeopleabetterstartinlifethantheirpredecessors.

Onthedownside,thedataalsorevealsfailuresinpublichealththathavecausedsurgesinsomeillnesses.Anincreaseinsomecancersandbronchitismayreflectchangingsmokinghabitsandpoorerairquality,saytheresearchers.Thesemaybesubtleinfluences,saysManton,butoursubjectshavebeenexposedtoworseandworsepollutionforover60years.It’snotsurprisingweseesomeeffect.

OneinterestingcorrelationMantonuncoveredisthatbetter-educatedpeoplearelikelytolivelonger.Forexample,65-year-oldwomenwithfewerthaneightyearsofschoolingareexpected,onaverage,toliveto82.Thosewhocontinuedtheireducationliveanextrasevenyears.Althoughsomeofthiscanbeattributedtoahigherincome,Mantonbelievesitismainlybecauseeducatedpeopleseekmoremedicalattention.

Thesurveyalsoassessedhowindependentpeopleover65were,andagainfoundastrikingtrend.Almost80%ofthoseinthe1994surveycouldcompleteeverydayactivitiesrangingfromeatinganddressingunaidedtocomplextaskssuchascookingandmanagingtheirfinances.Thatrepresentsasignificantdropinthenumberofdisabledoldpeopleinthepopulation.IfthetrendsapparentintheUnitedStates14yearsagohadcontinued,researcherscalculatetherewouldbeanadditionalonemilliondisabledelderlypeopleintoday’population.AccordingtoManton,slowingthetrendhassavedtheUnitedStatesgovernment’sMedicaresystemmorethan$200billion,suggestingthatthegreyingofAmerica’spopulationmayprovelessofafinancialburdenthanexpected.

Theincreasingself-relianceofmanyelderlypeopleisprobablylinkedtoamassiveincreaseintheuseofsimplehomemedicalaids.Forinstance,theuseofraisedtoiletseatshasmorethandoubledsincethestartofthestudy,andtheuseofbathseatshasgrownbymorethan50%.Thesedevelopmentsalsobringsomehealthbenefits,accordingtoareportfromtheMacArthurFoundation’sresearchgrouponsuccessfulageing.Thegroupfoundthatthoseelderlypeoplewhowereabletoretainasenseofindependenceweremorelikelytostayhealthyinoldage.

Maintainingalevelofdailyphysicalactivitymayhelpmentalfunctioning,saysCarlCotman,aneuroscientistattheUniversityofCaliforniaatIrvine.Hefoundthatratsthatexerciseonatreadmillhaveraisedlevelsofbrain-derivedneurotropicfactorcoursingthroughtheirbrains.Cotmanbelievesthishormone,whichkeepsneuronsfunctioning,maypreventthebrainsofactivehumansfromdeteriorating.

Aspartofthesamestudy,TeresaSeeman,asocialepidemiologistattheUniversityofSouthernCaliforniainLosAngeles,foundaconnectionbetweenself-esteemandstressinpeopleover70.Inlaboratorysimulationsofchallengingactivitiessuchasdriving,thosewhofeltincontroloftheirlivespumpedoutlowerlevelsofstresshormonessuchascortisol.Chronicallyhighlevelsofthesehormoneshavebeenlinkedtoheartdisease.

Butindependencecanhavedrawbacks.Seemanfoundthatelderlypeoplewhofeltemotionallyisolatedmaintainedhigherlevelsofstresshormonesevenwhenasleep.Theresearchsuggeststhatolderpeoplefarebestwhentheyfeelindependentbutknowtheycangethelpwhenneedit.

“Likemuchresearchintoageing,theseresultssupportcommonsense,”saysSeeman.Theyalsoshowthatwemaybeunderestimatingtheimpactofthosesimplefactors.“Thesortofthingthatyourgrandmotheralwaystoldyouturnsouttoberightontarget,”shesays.

Completeeachsentencewiththecorrectending,A-H,below.Writethecorrectletter,A-Hinboxes1-4onyouranswersheet.

1.Homemedicalaids（）.

2.Regularamountsofexercise（）.

3.Feelingsofcontroloverlife（）.

4.Feelingsofloneliness（）.

問題1選項

A.maycauseheartdisease

B.canbehelpedbyhormonetreatment

C.maycauserisesinlevelsofstresshormones

D.havecosttheUnitedStatesgovernmentmorethan$200billion

E.mayhelppreventmentaldecline

F.maygetstrongeratnight

G.allowoldpeopletobemoreindependent

H.canreducestressindifficultsituations

問題2選項

A.maycauseheartdisease

B.canbehelpedbyhormonetreatment

C.maycauserisesinlevelsofstresshormones

D.havecosttheUnitedStatesgovernmentmorethan$200billion

E.mayhelppreventmentaldecline

F.maygetstrongeratnight

G.allowoldpeopletobemoreindependent

H.canreducestressindifficultsituations

問題3選項

A.maycauseheartdisease

B.canbehelpedbyhormonetreatment

C.maycauserisesinlevelsofstresshormones

D.havecosttheUnitedStatesgovernmentmorethan$200billion

E.mayhelppreventmentaldecline

F.maygetstrongeratnight

G.allowoldpeopletobemoreindependent

H.canreducestressindifficultsituations

問題4選項

A.maycauseheartdisease

B.canbehelpedbyhormonetreatment

C.maycauserisesinlevelsofstresshormones

D.havecosttheUnitedStatesgovernmentmorethan$200billion

E.mayhelppreventmentaldecline

F.maygetstrongeratnight

G.allowoldpeopletobemoreindependent

H.canreducestressindifficultsituations

【答案】第1題:G

第2題:E

第3題:H

第4題:C

【解析】1.根據(jù)文章第八段第一句，“Theincreasingself-relianceofmanyelderlypeopleisprobablylinkedtoamassiveincreaseintheuseofsimplehomemedicalaids.”，許多老年人在生活中越來越具獨立性，這可能與越來越多地使用簡單的家庭醫(yī)療設(shè)備有關(guān)?？膳袛喑黾彝サ囊恍┽t(yī)療設(shè)備讓老年人變得更加獨立。選項G符合題意。

2.根據(jù)文章第九段第一句，“Maintainingalevelofdailyphysicalactivitymayhelpmentalfunctioning…”，每天保持一定程度的鍛煉活動可能有助于維持腦力功能。可判斷出有規(guī)律的鍛煉有助于防止腦力衰退。選項E符合題意。

3.根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段，“Inlaboratorysimulationsofchallengingactivitiessuchasdriving,thosewhofeltincontroloftheirlivespumpedoutlowerlevelsofstresshormonessuchascortisol.”，在做駕駛等具有挑戰(zhàn)性活動的實驗室模擬中，那些感覺能掌控自己生命的人會分泌出如皮質(zhì)醇之類的較低水平的壓力荷爾蒙?？膳袛喑稣瓶厣母杏X可以使人在困境中減輕壓力。選項H符合題意。

4.根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段第二句，“Seemanfoundthatelderlypeoplewhofeltemotionallyisolatedmaintainedhigherlevelsofstresshormonesevenwhenasleep.”，感到孤獨的老年人即使在睡覺時也會保持較高水平的壓力荷爾蒙?？膳袛喑龉陋毟袝黾訅毫蔂柮傻乃?。選項C符合題意。

6.單選題

Imustgonow.（）,ifyouwantthatbookI’llbringitnexttime.

問題1選項

A.Incidentally

B.Accidentally

C.Occasionally

D.Subsequently

【答案】A

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項incidentally“順便說一句；偶然地；附帶地”；B選項accidentally“意外地；偶然地”；C選項occasionally“偶爾；間或”；D選項subsequently“隨后，其后；后來”。句意：我現(xiàn)在必須離開了。順便說一句，如果你想要那本書，那么我下次將把它帶來。根據(jù)句中“Imustgonow我現(xiàn)在必須離開了”可知“順便說一句”符合語境，因此A選項正確。

7.單選題

Iftheworldistoremainpeaceful,theutmosteffortmustbemadebynationstolimitlocal______.

問題1選項

A.collisions

B.combats

C.contradictions

D.conflicts

【答案】D

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項collision“沖突，碰撞”，指物理上的碰撞；B選項combat“格斗，搏斗”；C選項contradiction“矛盾，沖突”，指觀點上的沖突；D選項conflict“(武裝)斗爭，沖突”。根據(jù)Iftheworldistoremainpeaceful可知D選項符合語義。句意：如果世界要保持和平，各國必須盡最大努力限制地方?jīng)_突。

8.單選題

AfterworkingwithEllenformanyyears,wekneweachotherverywellandestablishedagood________.

問題1選項

A.rapport

B.rapine

C.prospect

D.rapture

【答案】A

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項“rapport”，意為“親善；融洽；和睦關(guān)系”；B選項“rapine”，意為“掠奪；劫掠”；C選項“prospect”，意為“前途；預(yù)期；景色”；D選項“rapture”，意為“狂喜；歡天喜地；興高采烈”。句意：和艾倫一起工作多年后，我們彼此非常了解，并建立了__良好的關(guān)系__。本句表示“因為和艾倫一起工作多年，彼此也十分了解，兩人之間建立了親密、和諧的良好關(guān)系”。因此A選項符合題意。

9.單選題

Outputisnowsixtimes（

）itwasbeforeliberation.

問題1選項

A.that

B.which

C.what

D.asmuch

【答案】C

【解析】考查賓語從句。句子主語為output，謂語為is，sixtimes后面的內(nèi)容是整個句子的賓語從句，從句缺少表語，既能引導(dǎo)賓語從句又能在從句中做成分的為what。句意：現(xiàn)在的產(chǎn)量是解放前產(chǎn)量的六倍。

10.單選題

Theideaoftravelingthrough（

）spacetootherplanetsinterestsmanypeopletoday.

問題1選項

A.a

B.the

C./

D.one

【答案】C

【解析】考查冠詞。句意：漫游太空去另一個星球這個想法現(xiàn)在引起了很多人的興趣。

sun、star一樣是物質(zhì)名詞，是獨一無二的事物，所以前面應(yīng)該加定冠詞the，因此答案選C。特指世界上獨一無二的事物或自然現(xiàn)象。但space表示“太空”，nature表示“大自然”時，均不能與冠詞連用。

11.單選題

Grainproductionintheworldis（

）,butstillmillionsgohungry.

問題1選項

A.staggering

B.shrinking

C.soaring

D.suspending

【答案】C

【解析】考查動詞詞義辨析。stagger“蹣跚，使交錯”；shrink“收縮”；suspend“延緩，推遲”，soar“高漲”。句意：世界的糧食產(chǎn)量正在上漲，但是成百萬人仍在挨餓。選項C符合題意。

12.翻譯題

ReadthefollowingparagraphcarefullyandthentranslateitintoEnglish.

如果使用得當(dāng)，恐懼和與之相伴的痛苦是人類和動物擁有的最有用的兩樣?xùn)|西。如果火燒到時不會疼痛，孩子們會一直玩火直到燒掉雙手。同樣地，如果只有痛苦而沒有恐懼，一個孩子會一次又一次地用火燒自己，因為恐懼不會警告他遠(yuǎn)離曾經(jīng)燒到他的火。一個真正無畏的士兵——的確存在這樣的人——不是一個好士兵，因為他很快就會被殺死。而一個死掉的士兵對他的軍隊沒有任何用處。所以恐懼和痛苦是兩位保鏢，人類和動物沒有它們就會很快滅亡。重要的不是讓恐懼控制你，而是要用恐懼來做你的仆人和向?qū)А?/p>

【答案】Fearanditscompanionpainaretwoofthemostusefulthingsthatmenandanimalspossessiftheyareproperlyused.Iffiredidnothurtwhenitburnt,childrenwouldplayituntiltheirhandswereburntaway.Similarly,ifpainexistedbutfeardidnot,achildwouldburnitselfagainandagain,becausefearwouldnotwarnthechildtokeepawayfromthefirethathadburnthimorherbefore.Areallyfearlesssoldier—andsomedoexist—isnotagoodsoldierbecauseheissoonkilled;andadeadsoldierisofnousetohisarmy.Fearandpainarethereforetwoguardswithoutwhichmenandanimalsmightsoondieout.Theimportantthingisnottoletfearruleyou,butinsteadtousefearasyourservantandguide.

13.翻譯題

Physicistsallovertheworld,backin1895,wereprettymuchagreeingthatthegreatworkofphysicshadallbeendone.Someofthemmournedpubliclythatnodiscoveriesoftrulymajorimportancewerelikelytobemadeinthefuture.ButthentheydidnotknowthataProfessorRoentgen,workingaloneinamodestlaboratoryinGermany,hadbegunaseriesofexperimentswithacrudeinductioncoil,apear-shapedbulbfromwhichtheairhadbeenremoved,andasheetofpaperpaintedwithcertainmetallicsalts.AndProfessorRoentgendidnotknowthathisworkwasdestinedtorevealaforceofnature—neverbeforesuspected—thatwouldalmostovernightrevolutionizemedicineandtechnology,andbecomeainstrumentfordeeperprobingofthestructureofmatter.

【答案】在1895年，全世界的物理學(xué)家普遍認(rèn)為所有有關(guān)物理的偉大研究都已經(jīng)完成了，他們中的有些人甚至公開宣稱將來不可能再出現(xiàn)真正有意義的重大發(fā)現(xiàn)了。但是，那時他們還不知道，在德國一間小小的實驗室里，一位名叫倫琴的教師已經(jīng)開始了對粗糙的電磁感應(yīng)線圈、一個被抽走空氣的梨形鱗莖狀物和一張涂抹了某種金屬鹽的紙張進行一系列的實驗。倫琴教授不知道他的工作注定會揭示自然的某種力量，而這種力量是人們從未料想到的。它幾乎在一夜間引起了醫(yī)學(xué)和技術(shù)領(lǐng)域的革命，成為一種深入探測物質(zhì)內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)的工具。

14.單選題

MarciaSeligsoncallstheweddingdressthe“keymetaphor”intheelaborateefforttomaketheAmericanweddingan“idealizeddeparturefromreality,”andnotesthatintheearly1970s,atatimewhenlove-ins,live-ins,andhippieweddingswerethrowingbrickbatsattradition,94percentofAmericanbridesstillchosetobemarriedinwhite.Thecolorhaslongbeenassociatedwithweddingsbecauseofitssupposedsymboliclinktovirginity.Commentingslylyonthetradition,JudithMartin(1982)observesthatanengagedcoupleneedstodecide“whetherwearingawhiteweddingdresswillbeworthenduringthesneersofpeoplewhobelievethesemustbeaccessorizedbyintacthymens.”

Viewedhistorically,thelinkbetweenwhiteandvirginity(or,asitissometimeseuphemized,purity)isnotasabsoluteasisoftensupposed.BridesinancientRomemarriedinwhite,butbecausethecolorsignifiedjoy;theywereveiledinabrightorangeveil,orflammeum,thatsuggestedtheflamesofpassion.InthewesternCatholictradition,too,whitehasalwaysbeenthecolorofjoy,anditremainstheiconographicallycorrecthueforsuchjubilantoccasionsasEasterSunday.Sometraditionalsocietiesusewhitetodenotethesignificanceofvariouspassageceremonies,amongthemfuneralsaswellasweddings.Forexample,amongtheAndamanIslanders,saidA.R.Radcliffe-Brown,whiteindicatedsimplyachangeofstatus;andthetraditionalChinesewhiteforfuneralswasasymbolicrepresentationofhope.

The“traditional”whiteweddingdress,moreover,isarecentinnovation.BarbaraToberexplainsthatitspopularitymayowelesstothemystiqueofvirginitythantoacurioustwistofconspicuousdisplay.MostVictorianbrides,shesays,woresimplytheir“bestfinery”ontheirweddingday,andmanyworetraditionalethniccostumes.Thewhitedresswasanostentatiouslyimpracticalinnovationthatbecamepopularamongtheupperclassespreciselybecauseofitsdefects:“Victorianbridesfromprivilegedbackgroundsworewhitetoindicatethattheywererichenoughtowearadressforonedayonly.”Andthroughoutthefirstyearsofthiscentury,bridesfromsomewhatlessprivilegedbackgroundswouldtrotoutthewhitedressonspecialoccasionsthroughoutthefirstyearoftheirmarriage.Thecustomoflockingthetreasureawayafterthewedding—sothat,likeatoastingglass,itcouldneverbeusedforalesserpurpose—islessthanahundredyearsold.

1.Accordingtothepassage,wearingawhiteweddingdresshaslittletodowith（）.

2.Fromhistoricalpointofview,thewhitecolorhasbeenassociatedwithallofthefollowingEXCEPT（）.

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatwhitedress（）.

4.Nowadays,aftertheweddingwhitedressforbridesfromordinaryfamilies（）.

5.Thebesttitleforthepassageis（）.

問題1選項

A.virginityt

B.purityt

C.hopet

D.traditiont

問題2選項

A.ceremoniesofweddingsandfuneralst

B.flamesofpassioninnewcouplest

C.feelingsofjoyt

D.changesofsocialstatust

問題3選項

A.enjoysgeneralpopularityt

B.representstraditionalstylet

C.meanssomethingthatbringspeoplejoyt

D.symbolizesthearistocracyofVictorianst

問題4選項

A.waswornthroughoutthefirstyeart

B.wasneverwornagaint

C.waswornonceinawhilet

D.wasreservedforspecialpurposet

問題5選項

A.TraditionofWhiteWeddingDresst

B.OriginofWeddingDresst

C.HistoryofWeddingDresst

D.AppealofWhiteDress

【答案】第1題:C

第2題:B

第3題:A

第4題:B

第5題:D

【解析】第1題:細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“根據(jù)文章可知，穿白色的婚紗與……沒有關(guān)系”。第一段提到Thecolorhaslongbeenassociatedwithweddingsbecauseofitssupposedsymboliclinktovirginity.（這種顏色長期以來一直與婚禮聯(lián)系在一起，因為它被認(rèn)為是貞操的象征）可知，白色和童貞純潔有聯(lián)系，A項“貞潔”和B項“純潔”都正確；第二段最后一句提到andthetraditionalChinesewhiteforfuneralswasasymbolicrepresentationofhope.（而傳統(tǒng)的中國白色葬禮是希望的象征）可知，白色的婚紗和希望沒什么關(guān)系，希望是中國傳統(tǒng)葬禮上使用白色的含義，所以C項“希望”與白色婚紗沒關(guān)系；文章第三段講到了維多利亞時代低層階級的新娘在結(jié)婚那天會穿上白色婚紗，婚禮后會把它像寶物一樣鎖起來，最后一句提到itcouldneverbeusedforalesserpurpose—islessthanahundredyearsold（它不能用于其他用途，已經(jīng)有不到一百年的歷史了）可知，穿白色婚紗和傳統(tǒng)有關(guān)，所以D項“傳統(tǒng)”正確。該題只有C項與穿白色的婚紗無關(guān)，故該題選擇C項。

第2題:細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“從歷史的角度來看，白色一直與以下所有的聯(lián)系在一起，除了……”。根據(jù)第二段第四句Sometraditionalsocietiesusewhitetodenotethesignificanceofvariouspassageceremonies,amongthemfuneralsaswellasweddings.（一些傳統(tǒng)社會用白色來表示各種儀式的意義，包括葬禮和婚禮）可知，A項“婚禮和葬禮的儀式”與白色有聯(lián)系；根據(jù)第二段第二句theywereveiledinabrightorangeveil,orflammeum,thatsuggestedtheflamesofpassion（她們戴著一層明亮的橙色面紗，或稱火焰，象征著激情的火焰）可知B項“新夫婦的激情之火”和白色沒有什么關(guān)系；根據(jù)BridesinancientRomemarriedinwhite,butbecausethecolorsignifiedjoy（古羅馬的新娘結(jié)婚時穿白色，但因為白色象征著快樂）可知C項“快樂的感覺”與白色有聯(lián)系；根據(jù)amongtheAndamanIslanders,saidA.R.Radcliffe-Brown,whiteindicatedsimplyachangeofstatus（在安達曼島民中，白色僅僅表示身份的改變）可知D項“社會地位的變化”也與白色有聯(lián)系。該題只有B項與白色無關(guān)，故該題選擇B項。

第3題:推理判斷題。題干意思是“從短文中可以推斷出白色的衣服……”。根據(jù)文章第二段我們可知在很多地方和場合都會使用白色，因此可以推斷白色在很多地方的場合都普遍受到歡迎；所以A項“普遍受歡迎”正確。B項“代表傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)格”、C項“意味著給人們帶來快樂的事情”和D項“象征維多利亞時代的貴族”在文中都有明確的指出，不用被推測，所以都不選。因此，該題選擇A項正確。

第4題:細(xì)節(jié)事實題。題干意思是“如今，普通家庭的新娘穿的白色婚紗在婚后……”。根據(jù)文章最后一句Thecustomoflockingthetreasureawayafterthewedding—sothat,likeatoastingglass,itcouldneverbeusedforalesserpurpose—islessthanahundredyearsold.（婚禮后把寶物鎖起來的習(xí)俗——就像敬酒的杯子一樣，它不能用于其他用途——有不到一百年的歷史了）可知，B項“再也沒有穿過”正確；A項“一整年都穿著”、C項“偶爾穿一穿”和D項“為特殊目的保留”都不正確。因此，該題選擇B項正確。

第5題:主旨大意題。題干意思是“這篇文章最好的標(biāo)題是……”。通過通讀文章可知，本文主要講述人們在各種場合對白色的喜愛，所以D項“白色禮服的吸引力”符合題意。A項“白色婚紗的傳統(tǒng)”、B項“婚紗的起源”和C項“結(jié)婚禮服的歷史”都比較片面，不能概括全文。因此，該題選擇D項正確。

15.單選題

Mybrother’splansare______;hewantstomasterEnglish,FrenchandSpanishbeforeheissixteen.

問題1選項

A.arbitrary

B.ambitious

C.aggressive

D.abundant

【答案】B

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.arbitrary任意的；武斷的B.ambitious有野心的；有雄心的

C.aggressive好斗的；挑釁的D.abundant大量的；豐盛的

【答案】B

【考查點】形容詞辨析。

【解題思路】根據(jù)后半句的句意“他想在16歲之前掌握英語、法語和西班牙語”可得知，他的計劃是雄心勃勃的，故該題選擇B項。

【干擾項排除】A、C、D項不符合句意。

【句意】我哥哥的計劃雄心勃勃；他想在16歲之前掌握英語、法語和西班牙語。

16.單選題

Youhavetopaya(n)premiumforexpressdelivery.

問題1選項

A.extratip

B.extrabonus

C.extracharge

D.extraprice

【答案】C

【解析】【選項釋義】

A.extratip額外的小費B.extrabonus額外的獎勵

C.extracharge額外費用D.extraprice額外價格

【考查點】名詞辨析

【解題思路】原句的意思是如果要寄特快專遞的話，就要收取額外的費用，原詞premium“附加費”，C選項extracharge“額外的服務(wù)費”符合該語境。

【干擾項排除】

A選項extratip“額外的小費”，小費一般是給服務(wù)員的，如餐廳服務(wù)員或者理發(fā)師，為了感謝他們的服務(wù)；

B選項extrabonus“額外的獎勵”，原句是要收費，而不是給獎勵；

D選項extraprice“額外價格”，側(cè)重于指溢價，比如快遞費本來是8元，但是由于疫情，快遞小哥少，寄快遞漲價了（假設(shè)），要10元，中間漲的2元就屬于extraprice“額外價格”。

【句意】寄特快專遞的話，你得付額外費用。

17.單選題

Thegirlchosesomeverypretty（）paperforthepresent.

問題1選項

A.covering

B.wrapping

C.packing

D.collecting

【答案】B

【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項covering“覆蓋物”；B選項wrapping“包裝紙”；C選項packing“包裝，填充物”；D選項collecting“聚集，收集”。句意：女孩為禮物挑選了一些非常漂亮的包裝紙。選項B符合語境。

18.單選題

Ourjourneywasslowbecausethetrainstopped（

）atdifferentvillages.

問題1選項

A.constantly

B.continually

C.continuously

D.gradually

【答案】B

【解析】考查副詞辨析。A選項constantly“不斷地，時常地”，側(cè)重于事件發(fā)生的穩(wěn)定性和持續(xù)性以及經(jīng)久不變的狀態(tài)；B選項continually“不停地，持續(xù)地，頻繁地”，側(cè)重于一段時間內(nèi)多次發(fā)生、時斷時續(xù)或中斷時間很短而又接連發(fā)生的狀態(tài)；C選項continuously“連續(xù)不斷地”，側(cè)重在時間、物質(zhì)或廣度上沒有間斷的；D選項gradually“逐步地，漸漸地”。由“我們的行程很慢，因為火車_____在不同的村中?？俊笨芍@種?？渴窃凇拔覀兊男谐讨小卑l(fā)生的，是在一段時間內(nèi)發(fā)生的，因此B選項符合語境。句意：我們的行程很慢，因為火車頻繁地在不同的村中?？?。

19.單選題

Hestudiedhardatschoolwhenhewasyoung,which（）tohissuccessinlaterlife.

問題1選項

A.distributed

B.attributed

C.contributed

D.districted

【答案】C

【解析】句意:他年輕時在學(xué)校努力學(xué)習(xí)，這對他晚年的成功有幫助。

考查短語辨析。Contributeto有助于，產(chǎn)生，對…有幫助。

20.填空題

Everytimeapersoneatssomethinghemakesanutritionaldecision.Heacceptsorrejectsthefoodavailabletohimathomeformealsorsnacks.Orhes