英語初中英語非謂語動詞用法詳解

1、初中英語非謂語動詞用法詳解不定式、動名詞用作主語動名詞作主語1。直接作主語：1眼見為實(shí)。2天天做早操有益于健康。3吸煙不是好習(xí)慣。1.Seeing is believing.2.Doing morning exercises every day is good for health3.Smoking is not a good habit2.用it作形式主語，常與no use,no good,useless, worthwhile連用1廣說不做沒用2做無益的懊悔沒用3吸煙太多無益4學(xué)好英語是值得做的1.Its no use talking too much without doing anyt

2、hing2.Its useless crying over the spilt milk.3.Its no good smoking too much4.Its worthwhile learning English well.5不定式作主語1。直接作主語1眼見為實(shí)2今天早晨做早操對身體無益3在這里吸煙很危險(xiǎn)1.To see is to believe2.To do morning exercises today is not good for health.3.To smoke here is dangerous2。用it作形式主語，有自己特定的句型1你這么說真是太好了2他說出這樣的話太愚蠢

3、了3我們學(xué)好英語是必要的4你們學(xué)好英語語法并不難1.It is very kind of you to say so.2.Its very foolish of him to say such things3.It is necessary for us to learn English well4.Its not difficult for you to learn well English grammar3.固定句型1李壘每天花兩個(gè)半小時(shí)完成作業(yè)2你昨晚用多長時(shí)間寫完的作文？1.It takes LiLei two and a half hours to complete his home

4、work.2.How long did it take you to finish writing your composition?小結(jié)：動名詞與不等式作主語時(shí)的區(qū)別一、對稱原那么二、特殊表達(dá)三、固定句型四、習(xí)慣用法主語和表語對稱動名詞表示經(jīng)常性、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作不等式表示具體的、某一次的動作It takes sb some time to do sthIts no use/no good /useless/worthwhile + doing Its kind/wise/clever of sb to do sthIts important/necessary/hard for sb to

5、do sthTask: complete the following sentences_(沒有用) learning without practiceIts no good _廣說不做Its necessary _(我們學(xué)好英語It very kind _ 你幫助我How long _你每天參加體育活動？Because of the heavy sand storm, _(今天做晨練 is of no benefit to you.Multiple choice1. It is very generous _ you to buy me such a nice giftof B. for C

6、. to D. with2. You are clever; it will be easy _ you to work out the word puzzleof B. for C. to D. with3.I think it no good _ without doing anything.A, to play about B, play around C. playing about D. played aroundIts no usetalking too much without doing anythingfor us to learn English wellof you to

7、 help medoes it take you to do sport every day to do morning exercises today不定式、動名詞作賓語一、句型轉(zhuǎn)換 I think it no use doing sth I feel it stupid of him to say such silly things to her I find it uneasy for you to learn your subjects well without hard work Can you tell me how many hours it took you to do you

8、r homework?二、A 以下動詞只能帶動名詞作賓語：記住下面這句話，巧記共35個(gè)多動詞Miss Rescall can enjoy five apples at dusk Miss Rescall -miss, mind,risk,recall ,resistCan -cant help, consider ,cant resist ,complete ,cant stand (bear)Enjoy enjoy escape ,excuse ,endure Five finish ,fancy feel like ,favorite(利于imagine ,include-advise ,

9、avoid ,appreciate ,admit ,allow- practise ,postpone ,pardon ,prevent ,put offdusk -delay ,understand, suggest,keep(deny否認(rèn)D. 以下動詞只能帶不定式作賓語：記住下面這句話，(2HD3A4P, worst fem各一) 巧記近20個(gè)多動詞afford ,agree ,attempt, decide ,demand ,expect ,fail ,help, hope ,manage , offer, plan, pretend, prepare, promise, refuse

10、,seem, tend , wish B 以介詞to結(jié)尾的常用短語be/get used to,come to,devote oneself to, listen to,look forward to object to /get down to, prefer.to,pay attention to,refer to stick to C 特殊句型 1 spend (waste ).(in) doing 2 be busy (in)doing 3 have difficulty (trouble ,fun ,pleasure ,a good ,hard time )in doing 4 st

11、op prevent .(from )doing 5 There is no use no harm no hurry .(in)doing sth 在forget ,remember ,regret ,want ,need ,require ,try ,stop ,go on,mean等動詞后，可接不定式,也可接動名詞做賓語，但含義差異。1 forget ,remember , regret +doing 動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生+to do 動作未發(fā)生2 want ,need ,require + doing 表被動= to be done注：be worth doing = be worthy to

12、 be done3 try doing 試著做 try to do 盡力做，想要做4 stop doing 停止做某事，(先后是一件事). stop to do 停下來做某事,(先后不是同一件事)5 go on doing 繼續(xù)敵某事，(先后 是同一件事 ) go on to do 接下來做某事，(先后不是同一件事)6 mean doing 意味著做某事 mean to do 成心或想要做某事 7 cant help doing sth 抑制不住、禁不住做某事 cant help (to) do sth 無幫助、無助于做某事8 ,only to do 結(jié)果是出乎預(yù)料 ,only doing 結(jié)

13、果是 (必然是) E.注意以下11種不同動詞或句型的用法 9 prefer to do rather than do 寧愿 而不 prefer doing to doing would rather do than do would do rather than do 10 have nothing to do /do nothing but/except do 只好做別無選擇 enjoy doing nothing but doing 只喜歡做 want nothing but to do 只想做11在 begin ,start ,continue 等詞后可接不定式作賓語，也可接動名詞作賓語

14、，意義區(qū)別不大.但要注意1本身是-ing 形式時(shí)，其后要接不定式2如果表示主語有意識地開始做某事，多用動名詞3主語是物多用不定式4其后的動詞是表示情感的或與智力有關(guān)的，不用 v-ing 形式know, realize, hate , love , understand , wonder , remember , forget Task: complete the following sentencesDo you remember _以前見過這個(gè)人嗎?He denied _冤枉了他的父母She regreted _(在會上給領(lǐng)導(dǎo)提了意見.Dont waste time _(勸他戒煙I woul

15、d rather stay at home _(也不出去玩Do you think it necessary _(我們學(xué)好英語？How long did it take you _(寫完作文？He has done nothing but _玩了一整天.On hearing the news, Tom _(抑制不住哭了.Little Sophia went the theater, only _(被告知演出結(jié)束了seeing the man beforedoing wrong to their parentsputting forward the suggestion to their lea

16、der advising him to give up smokingthan go out to playfor us to learn English wellto finished writing your compositionplay all day longcouldnt help cryingto be told that the performance had been overMultiple choice 1. Would you mind _ the door?open B, opening C, to open D, opened“So much for the new

17、 words and expressions; lets go on _the text. the teacher said with a smile.to talk about B, talking about C, to be talking D, talk aboutIm sorry, but Ive forgotten _my homework with me.A, to bring B, to be bring C, bringing D, broughtThis room needs _. Its too shabby.paint B. painting C. to pain D.

18、 paintedHave you considered _ to improve your spoken English?A. practising listening and speaking B. practising to listen and speak C. to practise listening and speaking D. to practise to listen and speak6. At the age of 18 he began _ the importance of knowledge.A.understand B. understanding C. unde

19、rstood D. to understand7. In the old days, many people couldnt afford _their children to School. A. sent B, sending C, to send D send8. - -We havent heard from Jane for a long time. - -What do you suppose _to her?A.was happening B, to happen C, has happened D. having happened9.We all appreciate _ _

20、whenever you have time.A.Jane drop in B,Janes dropping in C,Jane to drop in D.Jane drops in10. Have you got used _ in Harbin?A.to living B, to live C, living D, to be living 11. Nobody is willing to go to a party without _.A. asking B, to be asked C, being asked D, having asked4,B; 5,A;6,D;7,C;8,C;9

21、,B;10,C;11,C非謂語動詞作表語 動名詞作表語1 對稱原那么，主語是動名詞，表語一般也用動名詞Seeing is believing 2 動名詞作表語說明主語的性質(zhì)或內(nèi)容有時(shí)可與主語互換My job is teaching you English Teaching you English is my job. 不定式作表語: (1)方案，趨勢將要做的 she is to get married next week.(2)責(zé)任，義務(wù)必須做的 Im to see you off at the airport tomorrow(3)祁使,命令不得不做的 Youre to stand here

22、 ,do you understand .(4)命運(yùn)安排,注定做的 Disney met the mouse and he was to become a famous artist. 分詞作表語表示主語的特點(diǎn)特征. 現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動，過去分詞表示被動；不及物動詞的過去分詞表示完成The book is interesting and the students are moved .He is come. The quests are gone. The leaves are fallen. 非謂語動詞作定語 動名詞作定語表示被修飾詞用途drinking water =the water th

23、at is (used )for drinking drinking water , living room ,sitting room ,washing powder 分詞作定語，表被修飾詞的特點(diǎn)、特征.單個(gè)分詞作定語前置，分詞短語作定語，放在所修飾詞之后。現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的區(qū)別：時(shí)態(tài)上，現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行，過去分詞表示已經(jīng)完成；語態(tài)上，現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動，過去分詞表示被動boiling water =the water that is boiling. fallen leaves, boiled watersleeping child =the child who is asleep a

24、 moving film, a moved girlThere was a surprised look on her face at the news. 動詞不定式作定1.后置，表示將來In the years to come, we will study harder and harder.This is the Hope Project School to be built next year.2.當(dāng)特定的謂語動詞(有,需要,給,找,弄have, need, want, give, find, get)后的名詞(或賓語)用不定式來修飾.1. I have a lot of work to

25、 do . 2.I want to get something to read .3.Do you need some water to drink? 4.Please give me a piece of paper to write on. 5.Lets find a room to put those things in .3.當(dāng)名詞有特定的定語,如形容詞副詞的最高級,序數(shù)詞及next, only, right等,其后接不定式作定語He is the first(student) to come and the last to leave.Where is the best place

26、to meet ?We need the next room to hold corn.He is the only person to be fit for the job.4.一些需要不定式作賓語的動詞轉(zhuǎn)化成的名詞,agreement, attempt, decision, need, promise, plan, wish等,常用不定式來修飾. There is no need to send for a doctor . 注:(1)不及物動詞或特殊用法,要加適宜的介詞.They need a house to live in. There are many model bikes to

27、 choose from. Practise1 The man _(stand )over there now. 2 The man _(stand)over there then.3 The man _(stand )over there yesterday.4 The man _(stand ) over there very often.5 The man _(stand )over there tomorrow.is standingwas standingstoodstandswill stand1 The man _(stand )over there now is from Am

28、erica.2 The man _(stand)over there then is from America.3 The man _(stand )over there yesterday is from America .4 The man _(stand ) over there very often is from America .5 The man _(stand )over there tomorrow is from America .who is standingwho was standingwho stoodwho standswho will stand(who is)

29、 standing(who was) standing(who) stood - standing(who) stands - standing(who will) stand-to standFill in the blanks with verbs given in their proper formsFill in the blanks with verbs given in their proper formsFill in the blanks with verbs given in their proper forms Fill in the blanks with verbs g

30、iven in their proper forms1, The building _(build )here now.2, The building _(build )here then.3, The building _(build )here last year.4, The building _(build )here very often.5, The building _(build)here already.6, The building _(build)here next year.1, The building _(build )here now is a school .2

31、, The building _(build )here then is a school .3, The building _(build )here last year is a school .4, The building _(build )here very often is a school 5, The building _(build)here already is a school.6, The building _(build)here next year.is being builtwas being builtwas builtis builthas been buil

32、twill be builtwhich is being builtwhich was being builtwhich was builtthat is builtthat has been builtthat will be built(which is) being built(which was) being built(which was)built(that is) built(that has been) built(that will)to be builtTask: complete the following sentences1. Do you know the girl

33、 _ (名叫沙麗的？Who is the woman _(站在柜臺后的What is the house _(在建的used for?Well move into the building _(明年竣工的Her wish _當(dāng)一名作家will surely come true.Where do you think is the best place _(放這個(gè)書架？Can you get me _一些水喝Who is the right person _適合這項(xiàng)工作？Its fall already and you can see _(地上有很多落葉Who is the boy _經(jīng)常在操場上

34、踢足球？called/named SallyStanding behind the counterbeing builtto be completed next yearto be a writerto put the bookshelfsome water to drink to be fit for the jobmany fallen leaves on the groundoften playing football on the playgroundMultiple choice1.At the sight of the stranger, there was a _expressi

35、on on her faceSurprised B, surprising C, shocking D, angry2.The supermarket_ is the biggest one in our city.A.having already been built B, hasing already been builtC.being already built D, already built 非謂語動詞作補(bǔ)語一、帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)( a bright pace foul 一次聰明的速度犯規(guī)) A 在 allow, ask, advise, beg, command, cause,

36、encourage, expect, force, get, hate invite like order permit prefer remind tell urge want ,wish等動詞后,用帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)(1)I prefer you not to play all day long. (2)Id like you to help me with my homework.(3) Youd better get more people to do the work.二、表示見解看法的動詞 + 賓語 + 帶to的不定式(to be doing/ to have done). 具有

37、這種用法的動詞有:believe, consider, declare, discover, feel, find,guess, imagine, judge, suppose, think, understand1, We found the rumor true. 2, I consider him to have done wrong.3, I always imagine me to be a millionaire. 4, I felt him to be a spy三、“短語動詞 + 賓語 + 帶to的不定式 這類動詞有arrange for, ask for, call on,

38、count on, depend on, long for, rely on, wait for1.You can not count on Tom to help you. Chairman Mao called on us to serve the people heart and soul.四、省to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)：賓補(bǔ)省to記11,一感二聽三使役;五看一幫兩均可,被動該to不能棄. feel,hear,listen to,have,let,make,see,look at,notice,observe,watch,helpWe often see them play football;

39、 They are often seen to play football He was made to stand outside for two hours 分詞短語作賓補(bǔ)一.能帶現(xiàn)在分詞做賓補(bǔ)的動詞有: have ,get ,keep ,set ,send ,leave, catch, hear ,listen to,feel , see , find ,look at ,watch ,observe ,notice My father had only two men working for him Dont have the horse running so fast ,Its da

40、ngerous .Have you noticed the boy passing across the street ? 過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)二、能帶過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)的動詞有make ,have ,get leave 及感官動詞see ,watch ,look at ,find hear listen to ,feel 等.賓語與補(bǔ)語的關(guān)系是被動含義時(shí)，用過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)I was surprised to see so many people seated at the back of the class.I have never heard this song sung so sweetly Yo

41、ud better get your bike repaired at once Task: complete the following sentences1.They required me _(不要泄漏秘密2._我們勸他戒煙,but he wouldnt.3.We often go and see them _(打籃球4.I discovered him _(在說謊5.We found them _(已經(jīng)提前完成了任務(wù)6.They were made _(夜以繼日地干活7.The two cheats _(讓燈亮了一整夜8.The thief was caught _(在商店里偷竊9.T

42、he gunshot sent the birds _(四處飛去10.They are expected _(越來越努力學(xué)習(xí)not to let out the secretWe advised him to give up smokingplay basketballto be telling liesto have completed their task ahead of timeto work day and nighthad the lamps burning all night long stealing in a shopflying away in all the direct

43、ionsto study harder and harderMultiple choice1.The missing boy was last seen _ by the river.playing B, play C, played D, to play2.Dont have the horse _ so fast; Its dangerous.A, to run B, runs C, running D, ran3.Tom had his pocket _ on a bus this morning.A, pick B, to pick C, picking D, picked4.Peop

44、le in the south often have their houses _ bamboo.made of B, making of C, to be made of D, make of5. People _on the coast often have their houses _by hurricanesA,living;damaging B, living;damaged C,lived,damaged D,live;damage6.I will go back to our hometown. Do you have anything _home?to take B, taki

45、ng C, to be taken D, taken7. Please come here; I have something important _ you.A, telling B, to be told C, told D, to tell8. Girls are not allowed _ their fingernails red at school.painted B, painting C. to paint D, to be painted9. Youd better get more people _ the work immediately.A to do B, doing

46、 C do D, done10. Youd better get the work _ at once; Its gong to rain.A to do B, doing C do D, done11. Miss Sara, I _ at the railway station. My boss is busy now.A am going to see you off B, to see you off C. am about to see you off D, must see you off12.What he said got us _ all the way.A. laughing

47、 B, laugh C ,to laugh D, laughed非謂語動詞作狀語1不定式做狀語，表示原因,目的或結(jié)果。為了強(qiáng)調(diào)目的,可與in order to 或so as to 連用。1,I reached home only to find my old dog dead . 2, He got up early (in order)to catch the early bus .3,To improve our English, we come here. 4, Im so glad to see you.5,They went to the railway station, only

48、to be told that the train had left.注: (1)“only + 不定式表示出乎預(yù)料的結(jié)果.He went to the seaside only to be drowned(2)不定 式表結(jié)果常與以下結(jié)構(gòu)連用.A, so + adj/ adv + as(not) to do (如此以至于(沒 ) Im not so stupid as to do that.B, such + ( adj ) n + as (not)to do (如此以至于(不) ) Im not such a fool as to believe that.C, enough + n + t

49、o do (足夠 ) I dont have enough money to buy a car.D, adj/adv + enough + to do (足已到/能 ) The girl is old enough to go to school.E, too + adj / adv + to do (太 以至于不能) Im too tired to go any further.分詞作狀語 分詞作狀語可以表示時(shí)間，條件，原因，結(jié)果，伴隨或方式 ，及獨(dú)立成分。 分詞作狀語的首要條件是分詞的邏輯主語是句子的主語，分詞與邏輯主語的關(guān)系是主動的，用現(xiàn)在分詞，反之，用過去分詞1, Hearing t

50、he news ,he couldnt help laughing .時(shí)間=2, Given enough time ,I can do it better 條件=3, Being ill ,he didnt go to school 原因=4, The glass fell to the ground ,breaking into pieces. (結(jié)果=5, Our teacher came in ,followed by many students (伴隨=6, Judging from his accent, he is from America.7, Generally speaki

51、ng, one must be confident.when he heard the news,If I am given enough time,Because he was ill,so that it broke into pieces.and he was followed by many studentsTask:complete the following sentences1.He came into the room , _(后面簇?fù)碇S多學(xué)生2.His mother died, _(使他成為一個(gè)孤兒3.He went to the railway station, _(卻得

52、知火車已經(jīng)開了4. Im so glad _(見到你. Bye-by.5.We got up early _(為了趕上早班車6. _(從山頂上看,the park looks more beautiful.7._作為學(xué)生，he always keeps a civil tongue.8._(因?yàn)闅埣?，Tom cannot move around.9.He is so lazy _(以至于考試沒有及格10.She is old enough _結(jié)婚11.You can never be too careful _ 做工作12.She is too clever _(不會不理解你的話13.One

53、is never too old _ (而不能學(xué)習(xí)14.I am but too happy _(被邀請參加你的聚會15._(從口音上判斷), youre a Harbinese16.Im not such a fool _(會相信你的鬼話17.He went to help the old man, _(卻被關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄 followed by many studentsleaving him an orphanonly to told that the train had leftto have seen youso as to catch the early busSeen from top

54、 of the hillBeing a student,Being disabled,as not to pass the examto get marriedto do your worknot to understand youto learnto be invited to your birthday partyJudging from his accentas to believe your nonsenseonly to be put into prison非謂語動詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài) 主動語態(tài) 時(shí)態(tài) 不定式 動名詞 分詞 一般時(shí) to do doing doing 進(jìn)行時(shí) to be d

55、oing 完成時(shí) to have done having done having done 被動語態(tài) 一般時(shí) to be done being done done 進(jìn)行時(shí) being done 完成時(shí) to have been done having been done having been done動名詞時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)的用法1.動名詞的一般形式表示一般性動作 ，即是不明確過去，現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼膭幼?或是與謂語動詞同時(shí)發(fā)生的動作 We are interested in climbing mountains I prefer singing to dancing 2 如果強(qiáng)調(diào)動名詞的完成時(shí)，要用完成

56、形式I regret having taken her advice. He was praised for having passed the exam .3 當(dāng)一個(gè)動名詞邏輯上的主語是該動名詞的承受者，這個(gè)動名詞要用被動形式 He entered the room without being seen He remembered being taken to Beijing when he was a child 4 如果動名詞表示的動作 發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前，要用完成形式He is proud of having been sent to work in Tibet .Tom regret

57、ted not having been invited to the party. 不定式時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)的用法1. 不定式的動作與謂語動詞同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)，用一般時(shí)態(tài) He wanted to see you 2. 強(qiáng)調(diào)不定式的動作正在進(jìn)行時(shí)，用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)When I came in ,he pretended to be reading a book He is said to be writing a novel 3. 強(qiáng)調(diào) 不定式的動作在謂語動詞之前發(fā)生時(shí)，用不定式完成時(shí)He is said to have written a novel . Im so glad to have seen you

58、.The ground is so wet ,It must have rained last night 不定式被動語態(tài)的用法.A, 當(dāng)不定式的邏輯主語是不定式的承受者時(shí)，用被動語態(tài)She asked to be sent to work in Tibet (賓語)The book is said to have been translated into English ( 或叫合 It is an honor for me to be asked to speak here (主 語)句子的主語是不定式的邏輯主語，盡管不定式與被修飾詞是被動關(guān)系，也還要用主動語態(tài)1, Give him so

59、me book to read Do you have any clothes to wash ?“Do you have any clothes to be washed? asked the maid 2, S +be+easy difficult hard pleasant interesting exciting comfortable +to doThis question is easy to answer The boy is difficult to teach 3, The house is to let The manager is to blame .The reason

60、 is not far to seek .4There be句型中，主動形式或被動形式均可但有時(shí)含意不同There is nothing to do now (we have nothing to do now )現(xiàn)在沒事干There is nothing to be done now (we can do nothing now )現(xiàn)在沒什么方法There is nothing to see (nothing is worth seeing )沒有東西值得看There is nothing to be seen 看不見有什么東西分詞時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)的用法 如果強(qiáng)調(diào)分詞表示的動作 發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前