全國版高三英語專題第18講 七選五之結(jié)構(gòu)銜接講義(教師版)

1、第 18 第 18 講 七選五之結(jié)構(gòu)銜接試題模式：給出一篇缺5個(gè)句子的文章，關(guān)于應(yīng)有七個(gè)選項(xiàng)，要求學(xué)生根據(jù)文300詞左右，裁以說明文為主，且結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，進(jìn)程完整。解和掌握。選項(xiàng)一般分為三類：主旨句（標(biāo)題類、主題句類、過渡句（反映文章結(jié)構(gòu)、細(xì)節(jié)理解句（反映上下文邏輯關(guān)系。1 2 節(jié)題數(shù)量最多，主旨句與過渡句均勻分布。文章體裁都是以說明文為主。關(guān)于七選五閱讀材料的選擇，高一、高二的選擇相關(guān)于簡單，常見一些提建議、列舉優(yōu)缺陷等的文章題材；高三難度逐漸增加，一些科技方面的文章增加。力。選擇合適的句子填入空白處。Everyoneknowsthatfor1Butseemsthatmany ontcookat

2、home.eataboutpounsofper personperyear,butweeatasmuchrestaurantsasathome.an 2 This about how to buy an cook an easy way.3Freshsweet:youfeelthatyoureat theoceansorstrongmeansthefresh.4 When youhaveaanhome,youbetterstorethetheyouontcookbutfreshbestoreyourforaayortwo.FrozenastastyastheTherearemanycommon

3、methosusetocook5an seasonyourof調(diào)料Puttheonaansteamasteampotfor8to10aboutonepoun.(Aonetake moreThenreaytoserve.o not buyThe to steamThis how you can oItjustaThebahours.When you The fats are to prevent heart【參考答案】G細(xì)節(jié)句。上句提到吃魚關(guān)于人的健康有益，本句是關(guān)于上句的解釋說明，G契合語境，意為“人們認(rèn)為魚的脂肪有助于預(yù)防心臟病?！?項(xiàng)契合語境，意為“它只需要一點(diǎn)兒知識(shí)”。F主旨句。下文指出

4、了新鮮的魚和不新鮮的魚都有什么氣味，由此可判斷 F項(xiàng)為主題句，意為“買魚時(shí)應(yīng)該先聞聞味道”。A不要購買這樣的魚，故A項(xiàng)正確。B過渡句。上文指出做魚的方法有很多種，根據(jù)下文出現(xiàn)steam述了清蒸的方法，故B項(xiàng)正確，意為“最簡單的方法就是清蒸”。文章結(jié)構(gòu)的分類這一考查題型關(guān)于閱讀理解提出了更高層次的要求，即不僅要有閱讀速度，要 解了這一切，才能比較準(zhǔn)確地確定應(yīng)該選擇哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)。不過，只要了解了這種新題型所考查的要點(diǎn)，出題位置，在閱讀文章時(shí)有意識(shí)地加強(qiáng)關(guān)于文章寫作思路和結(jié)構(gòu)組織安排的理解，掌握英語文章常見的幾種寫作結(jié)構(gòu)，關(guān)于迅速增強(qiáng)此類新題型的應(yīng)關(guān)于能力還是非常有幫助的。描述性結(jié)構(gòu) 主要介紹事物、問題

5、或傾向的特點(diǎn)，關(guān)于人物的描述如傳記，囊括因此時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)往往是出題重點(diǎn)。比較性結(jié)構(gòu) 把兩個(gè)人或事物功能、特點(diǎn)、優(yōu)缺陷進(jìn)行關(guān)于比。接的。分析其優(yōu)點(diǎn)缺陷、危害性、最后闡明自己的觀點(diǎn)。結(jié)構(gòu)銜接的解題思路試題的位置不同，解題策略也不同。若問題在段首1）通常是段落主題句。認(rèn)真閱讀該段落，根據(jù)段落一致性原則，查找相關(guān)詞或者同義詞，從而推測(cè)出主題句，找到答案。2與后文是并且列、轉(zhuǎn)折、因果關(guān)系等。著重閱讀后文第一兩句，鎖定線索信號(hào)意思上是銜接的，所以通常情況下，這兩句話中會(huì)有某種的銜接手段。3）段落間的過渡句。這時(shí)要前瞻后望找啟示，即閱讀上一段結(jié)尾部分，通常正確答案與上一段結(jié)尾有機(jī)地銜接起來，并且接合下一段內(nèi)容

6、，看所選的答案是否將兩段內(nèi)容連貫起來?！炯磳W(xué)即練】Self-Expression40 There are many ways to an Youmaythatyourattractebyonemore thananother.to cook you.we t We can chances to about newways.So how can we our prepare for jobs that t yetanother forWecanorealoraskaboutcharacterstoawaya【參考答案】G 本題空在段首， 應(yīng)該是本段的中心句。本段的小標(biāo)題是“ ” 項(xiàng)“能用有意義的

7、方式交流想法是一項(xiàng)寶貴的技能”是關(guān)于自我表達(dá)”技能的解釋。 表達(dá)”與流”是該題解答的關(guān)鍵。若問題在段尾1）空白前的一句或兩句是重點(diǎn)語句，重點(diǎn)閱讀以鎖定關(guān)鍵詞。通常是結(jié)論、概括性語句。要注意表示總結(jié)的信號(hào)詞，therefore,asahencethustosumuptoshorta等詞語，選項(xiàng)中也可發(fā)現(xiàn)前文的同義詞句。與前文是并且列或排比關(guān)系。在這種情況下，通常是該段落要求補(bǔ)全說明本段 遞進(jìn)關(guān)系 的關(guān)聯(lián)詞或與前文類似的句式結(jié)構(gòu)，或出現(xiàn)同義詞等其他信號(hào)線索。前面的一句與正確答案的第一句是緊密相連的。要特別注意閱讀這樣相連的兩句，通常會(huì)找到關(guān)鍵的線索詞句。否與選項(xiàng)的最后一句緊密連接起來。引出來，正確

8、答案中應(yīng)有這樣的特征詞。【即學(xué)即練】averyourEverymoment theeyesaretoseethearounus.Overfortypercentofworryabout，buteasytostepsourto ensureeyes.Hereareforaof：1parentsto6 to 12 months of to the octor for a careful check. The news that ofnowcanhaveeyeantreatment， ProtectUVrays紫外線staythesuncreatesto your eyes. No matter w

9、hat the season ， to wear 2 .youreyesabreak.Two-thirsofspenuptosevenhoursaay computers orother proucts.3 recommen that the20/20/20：every20minutes，takea20-seconbreakanlook at something 20 feet away.4 partofamoreaneachay. 維生素CanEprotectanpromoteeyePracticesafewearancareofcontact隱形眼鏡use contacttosomethe

10、forcontactaretheanat 5 ，youmayhavesuchasreeyestheeyes， or a more Eat yourEye care They can protect youreyes.Stay shape by moreParents ont care about ownthe octors for wear.This frequent eye the for eye【參考答案】B解析：空格后面的句子提到了父母應(yīng)該帶612這正好與B 相匹配。C C they相匹配，這樣借助于前后句的依存關(guān)系，利用代詞的指代查找，便能輕松解題。G解析：Gfrequenteye指代

11、的正是空格前面提到的每7個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間用電腦或其他數(shù)碼產(chǎn)品。A該段主要是說保護(hù)眼睛的飲食問題，關(guān)鍵詞 和eat也是提示。F 解析：know-how 類說明文中 前面往往都要交代做法，多用祈使句safewear這一關(guān)鍵詞，據(jù)此不難判斷出F。3. 若問題是一整個(gè)自然段承上啟下是這個(gè)段落的主要任務(wù)，且自成一體，所以會(huì)有一個(gè)該段落主旨?？忌梢詮倪x項(xiàng)中較長的選項(xiàng)開始閱讀，以此類推直至找到正確答案。通常會(huì)在后一段開頭， 因此后一段開頭往往比前一段結(jié)尾更為重要。分析段落之間的邏輯關(guān)系及內(nèi)容的連貫性，注意段落間的銜接手段。將選項(xiàng)代入原文，如果前后內(nèi)容連貫，契合邏輯，就能得出正確答案?！炯磳W(xué)即練】A fun w

12、ay to buil your chils imagination oneofthemajorforms ofasasawayastorybookyourafunwaytoher toYoutospenafewhoursofan theenbecomeatreasureforyearstocome.1Youcanrawormakea拼貼畫outof photosancutoutsOfcourseyoucanaoryou can come up2 The iea is to come up with a story an write it own in the notebook.Ifyourha

13、snevermaeupastory,sheneesomeanfrom you. Think about what she now : charactersfromabookorTVshow,etc.yourtonamethecharactersanhertowhat theywhattheyareanwheretheyare.Youllbeathowshecomeupafromthere. 3Ifyourtohaveherthestoryasyou4Ifshetooyoungtoyouownforher.5Startyourbysomeoftheyouhavecreate.yourtototh

14、esamesetofcharacters ortocomeup somenewones.Before you havean bookof thatyoubothtreasureforaAHavefunorthestory. hertheway.But lets start at theGet to start at youngOffertotaketurnsshenewatfreeomtothestoryherway.you nee a notebook an a pen to astory.【參考答案】G此處表示只要一個(gè)筆記本和一支筆就可以和孩子一起編寫自己的故事了。C解析：主題句。本段講述

15、了一開始培養(yǎng)孩子編寫故事應(yīng)該如何做。B “encourageher to escribe.”可知，此處表示在孩子編故事的進(jìn)程中要不斷鼓勵(lì)她。E 解析：上文說，如果你的孩子年齡較大，就讓她自己寫故事。下文說，如果E編寫故事，那么你應(yīng)和孩子輪流編寫故事。5.A 解析：該空獨(dú)力成段，應(yīng)該找一句承上啟下的句子。由上文“讓孩子寫故事或你幫孩子寫故事”以及下文“繼續(xù)原來的故事還是提出新故事”可知中心詞是“ story”，此處應(yīng)選 A，“關(guān)于故事進(jìn)行修飾或闡釋”。4. 小 結(jié)簡單來說，解答七選五題型最主要的兩個(gè)步驟就是：理清文章的邏輯和結(jié)構(gòu)。在所給的原文中找出關(guān)鍵詞或者說是線索詞。文章的整體思路能幫助你在答

16、選項(xiàng)。這些技巧多練練就能熟能生巧。根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選。ARules of the Roa for Teen riversWhenyourteenariversitstosetsomeoftheroa beyontheByyourbeforeyou hanoverthecarkeysyoullreucetheof( crashes, an other 1 The you 制 訂 ) may cover a of factors such as seat an phones. 2ItstothewhetheritsphoneoraGPSo

17、rMP4your teen to these ba to a to answeranmakeanbeforeforan3Manystatesofthenumberorofthatteenscan havewhenthey Learnthe yourstateanothers,baseonyourantheto occur.Youwanttostartbyyourteenfrompeersan thentheasyourteen. 45It can to crashes, an so on. Make sure your young aware that he or she for ananyr

18、atetheycause.The are some your teens obey.TrytoyourteentheprocessoftheWhatsmore, youllfeelmoreaboutyourteenssafety.YouneveryourteentotoMakesurethatyourteenunerstanstheconsequencesofButremember:themoreteenthecar,thethecrashbesuretosetathewayyouBA few years I wante to o for my rememberehowmyparentsmea

19、verytreatwhenIwasaInever enjoyesotheytomybyapartyfor the orphans( 孤 兒 1With those memories in min, ten ays before my birthay I place an orer foracakeIaskeforaaysfromthewhere Iworke.2TherewasAcake! I a I some other foo to the cake. Then Irovetoan孤兒院)There were two ifferent builings: an orphanage an a nursing home run bythe same management. I went in. 3 There were only six young boys in thehomethatay.Theythefeast!Weanthe I the there!When the chilrens rest time