2014高考語法填空技巧

1、要做到要做到_、_、_、_、和和_五方面結(jié)合；五方面結(jié)合；注意大小寫！注意大小寫！篇章語境篇章語境句意句意語法語法思路思路考點分析考點分析給出給出動詞動詞給出提示詞的題給出提示詞的題給出名給出名詞詞/形容形容詞詞/副詞副詞不作不作謂語謂語作謂語：作謂語：考慮時態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣、主謂一致考慮時態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣、主謂一致詞詞類類轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)換換作非作非謂語謂語語法填空解題思路（一）：語法填空解題思路（一）：填填to do填填doing填填done作主語作主語/賓語賓語:表習慣表習慣/一般情況一般情況作目的作目的/結(jié)果結(jié)果/形容詞后的狀語形容詞后的狀語:與邏輯主語是主動與邏輯主語是主動關(guān)系關(guān)系/動作正在進行動作

2、正在進行表具體情況表具體情況填填to do作定作定/狀狀語語/補語補語:與邏輯主語是被動與邏輯主語是被動關(guān)系關(guān)系/動作已完成動作已完成填填doing作表作表/定定/補語補語:作主作主/賓語賓語:填形容詞填形容詞填名詞填名詞飾動詞飾動詞/形容詞形容詞/副詞副詞/句子作狀語句子作狀語在冠詞在冠詞/形形物物代詞后代詞后或或“冠詞冠詞+形容詞形容詞”后后填名詞填名詞填副詞填副詞詞性不變，詞義也不變詞性不變，詞義也不變 填該詞的比較等級填該詞的比較等級詞性不變，詞義相反詞性不變，詞義相反 加否定加否定/反義的前反義的前/后綴后綴表動作發(fā)生在將來表動作發(fā)生在將來 填填to do1.缺主語或賓語缺主語或賓語

3、2.作主作主/賓賓/表語的名詞或表語的名詞或“形容詞形容詞+名詞名詞”前，前，填冠詞填冠詞填形容詞性物主填形容詞性物主代詞、指示代詞代詞、指示代詞填不定代詞填不定代詞3.名詞名詞/代詞代詞/動名詞在句中不作主動名詞在句中不作主/表，也不表，也不作動賓時，作動賓時，4.兩個或幾個單詞或短語間沒連詞，兩個或幾個單詞或短語間沒連詞，5.兩句兩句(一個主謂關(guān)系算一句一個主謂關(guān)系算一句)間沒間沒連詞，也沒分號連詞，也沒分號/句號，句號，語法填空解題思路（二）：語法填空解題思路（二）：純設空題純設空題填代詞填代詞前面填介詞前面填介詞填并列連詞填并列連詞填限定詞填限定詞填從屬連詞填從屬連詞6.若結(jié)構(gòu)較完整，

4、空格后的謂語動詞是原形，若結(jié)構(gòu)較完整，空格后的謂語動詞是原形，特別是與上下文時態(tài)不一致或主謂不一致時，特別是與上下文時態(tài)不一致或主謂不一致時，很可能是很可能是填情態(tài)動詞填情態(tài)動詞/表強調(diào)或倒裝的助動詞表強調(diào)或倒裝的助動詞(do/does/did等等)給出提示詞的題考點歸納：給出提示詞的題考點歸納：時態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣、人稱和數(shù)時態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣、人稱和數(shù)純設空題考點純設空題考點歸納：歸納：情態(tài)動詞、表強調(diào)或倒裝的助動詞情態(tài)動詞、表強調(diào)或倒裝的助動詞注意：連續(xù)注意：連續(xù)3年都沒考查的考點年都沒考查的考點給出提示詞的題：給出提示詞的題： 謂語的謂語的（2）純設空題：）純設空題： 情態(tài)動詞、表強調(diào)或倒裝的

5、助動詞情態(tài)動詞、表強調(diào)或倒裝的助動詞注意其構(gòu)成、數(shù)和所有格；注意其構(gòu)成、數(shù)和所有格；首先，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)確定填哪類詞。然后，首先，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)確定填哪類詞。然后，根據(jù)句子的意思，確定具體填什么詞；根據(jù)根據(jù)句子的意思，確定具體填什么詞；根據(jù)兩句間的邏輯關(guān)系確定具體用哪個連詞。兩句間的邏輯關(guān)系確定具體用哪個連詞。1.缺主語或賓語，一定是填代詞。缺主語或賓語，一定是填代詞。19 (12汕頭監(jiān)測汕頭監(jiān)測)it 24 (12金山、金山、揭陽一中聯(lián)考揭陽一中聯(lián)考)himself 2. 名詞前是空格，若該名詞前沒有限定詞，很可名詞前是空格，若該名詞前沒有限定詞，很可能是填冠詞、形容詞性物主代詞或能是填冠詞、形

6、容詞性物主代詞或some, any, other, another, either, neither, less, more, little, few, many, much等。等。 1. After hearing the evidence, the judge asked the man to drop 2425-cent coin on the ground. (12廣州調(diào)研廣州調(diào)研)a 2.She was so distressed about the misery of poor people that she left 31fine home to spend her life i

7、n the slums of Chicago. (10惠州一?；葜菀荒?her3. Many means had been tried but 22 of them were good enough to catch the rats.(11惠州一惠州一模模)none3. 名詞或代詞前面是空格，而該名詞或代詞在句名詞或代詞前面是空格，而該名詞或代詞在句中不作主語、表語，也不作動詞的賓語時，很可中不作主語、表語，也不作動詞的賓語時，很可能是填介詞。能是填介詞。4.若兩個或幾個單詞或短語之間沒有連詞，可能是若兩個或幾個單詞或短語之間沒有連詞，可能是填并列連詞。填并列連詞。Jane Adams wa

8、s also active in fighting 35the use of child labor and war. (10惠州一模惠州一模)againstI soon found that the key Vernon gave me could not unlock either the front door 20the back door. (12汕頭監(jiān)測汕頭監(jiān)測)or5. 若兩句若兩句(一個主謂關(guān)系算一個句子一個主謂關(guān)系算一個句子)之間沒有連之間沒有連詞，也沒有分號或句號，一定是填并列或從屬連詞，也沒有分號或句號，一定是填并列或從屬連詞。詞。1. In 1931, jane Adam

9、s was awarded the Nobel Prize for 40she had done for society. I was to return to Guangzhou.(10惠州一?；葜菀荒?what9091(12執(zhí)信期末考試執(zhí)信期末考試)and6. 若結(jié)構(gòu)較完整，空格后的謂語動詞是原形，特若結(jié)構(gòu)較完整，空格后的謂語動詞是原形，特別是與上下文時態(tài)不一致或主謂不一致時，很可別是與上下文時態(tài)不一致或主謂不一致時，很可能是填情態(tài)動詞或表示強調(diào)或倒裝的助動詞能是填情態(tài)動詞或表示強調(diào)或倒裝的助動詞(do, does, did等等)。I explained that while I didn

10、t carry any cash, I 36happen to have a new blanket, and asked him if he could use it. He was thrilled. (10茂名一模茂名一模)did7. 若缺狀語，一定是填副詞若缺狀語，一定是填副詞(在純空中考的可能性在純空中考的可能性不大，即使考，也是些常見的簡短的副詞不大，即使考，也是些常見的簡短的副詞)。18 (11汕頭四校聯(lián)考汕頭四校聯(lián)考)However(1)由由it isthat強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)形式，判斷填強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)形式，判斷填it還是還是that。and 40 was only after I heard

11、 she became sick that I learned she couldnt eat MSG (味精味精)! (09廣州一模廣州一模)_with hard work can you expect to get pay rise.注意：根據(jù)特殊句式的結(jié)構(gòu)來判斷空格應填的詞。注意：根據(jù)特殊句式的結(jié)構(gòu)來判斷空格應填的詞。itOnly(2)由倒裝句式判斷，是填構(gòu)成倒裝的條件的由倒裝句式判斷，是填構(gòu)成倒裝的條件的only, so, neither, nor, never, hardly, seldom, not until, had等，還是填等，還是填do, does, did等。等。(3)由

12、由it作形式主語或形式賓語的的句式判斷，空作形式主語或形式賓語的的句式判斷，空格處是否填格處是否填it。1. Last year , my daughter was diagnosed with leukemia(白血病白血病). It is still hard to write that word. 16 is even harder to say it out loud, because it feels like that will make it more real. (11汕頭質(zhì)量汕頭質(zhì)量監(jiān)測監(jiān)測)2. And those who find 17 difficult to add

13、up the number shouldnt feel too hopeless.(12六校聯(lián)六校聯(lián)考考)Itit(4)so /suchthat句型。句型。They 16 (carry) nearly one mile, but were let down so gently 34 none of the three was seriously injured. (11佛山二模佛山二模)that(5)morethan (與其說與其說不如說不如說，比比更更)句型。句型。Cynthias story shows vividly that people remember more how much

14、a manager cares 40how much he pays. (深圳寶安期末深圳寶安期末)thanBeing good at mathematics may be entirely pre-destinedyou either have it 16 you dont.(12六校聯(lián)考六校聯(lián)考)or(6)either. or.; neither. nor.; not only. but also句型。句型。代詞代詞代詞考點代詞考點歸納：歸納：1.1.人稱人稱代詞：主格、賓格代詞：主格、賓格2.2.物主代詞：形容詞性、名詞性物主代詞：形容詞性、名詞性3.3.反身代詞反身代詞4.4.指示代詞

15、指示代詞5.5.表示表示“兩者兩者”(both/ neither/ either)(both/ neither/ either)或或 “ “多者多者”(all/ none/ any)(all/ none/ any)的不定代詞的不定代詞6.6.表示表示“別的，另外的別的，另外的”(another, other, others, (another, other, others, the other, the others) the other, the others)不定代詞不定代詞7.7.表示表示“每一每一”的的eacheach和和everyevery8.8.表示表示“一些一些”的的someso

16、me和和any any 9.9.復合不定代詞：由復合不定代詞：由every-, some-, any-, every-, some-, any-, no- no- 與與-thing, -one, -body-thing, -one, -body等構(gòu)成的不定代詞。等構(gòu)成的不定代詞。10.10.替代詞替代詞it, that, those, oneit, that, those, one11.it11.it的用法的用法 1. Royston and 35_ volunteers collect, pack and give out gifts and candy-15 tons of toys an

17、d goodies 36donated (donate) by folks and businesses. . Angels come in all shapes, sizes and costumes. And all of 39_ bring happiness and little miracles along, 40encouraging (encourage) others to pass them along.(10惠州二模惠州二模) 2. Mr. Jones woke early one morning. It was a beautiful morning, so 16_ we

18、nt to the window and looked out. (13惠州二模惠州二模)otherthemhe3.Tom felt that he knew everybodys business better than they knew it_. (全國全國)themselves 4. If you run after two hares at the same time, you will catch _.neither 5. When the horse with the bell returns to the barn each evening, he will stop 23 f

19、requently (frequent) to look back, making sure that the 24 _ isnt too far behind to hear the bell.（11汕汕頭一模）頭一模） 6. Moved by the beauty of his music, these men recognized excellence and responded to 25_. (11廣一模廣一模)otherit7._ of us could live without other people. None 8. Im moving to the countryside

20、because the air there is much fresher than _ in the city.that 9. Many will fail to find jobs or lose the_ they have.ones 10. as 32_ took them just three minutes to steal paintings by two world-famous artists (08佛山二模佛山二模)it連詞連詞連詞考點歸納：連詞考點歸納：1.并列連詞并列連詞:and, when(=and just at this time), not onlybut (a

21、lso), neithernor; or, otherwise, or else, either.or; but, yet, notbut; while; for, so 等等2.引導狀語從句的連詞引導狀語從句的連詞:when, while, as, before, after, since, till/until, whenever, as soon as; where, wherever; because, as, since; so that, in order that; in case, for fear that等等3.引導名詞性從句的連詞引導名詞性從句的連詞:that, whet

22、her, if, who(m), whose, which, what,when, where, why, how,whoever, whatever, whichever等等4.引導定語從句的連詞引導定語從句的連詞:who, whom, that, which, when, where, why, as, whose等等 2. Immigrants 34other poor people came to her settlement house for advice and help as well as for fun. (10惠州一?；葜菀荒?and1. all I saw was th

23、is beautiful girl, whose smile just melted me 36 almost instantly gave me a completely new sense of what life is all about. (08深深圳一模圳一模)and 3. This made the goat so jealous 34it began plotting against (謀劃對付謀劃對付) the donkey. (07惠州二?；葜荻?that 4. I kept thinking of 21_ Vernon would say when he came bac

24、k. I was just going to give up 22_ I noticed that one bedroom window was slightly open. (12汕頭監(jiān)測汕頭監(jiān)測) what when 5.20_they supported the traveller, they also agreed that the wind was blowing from the shop to the place 21_ he had eaten, carrying the smell of the fried fish to him. She insisted that 23_

25、 the man had enjoyed her fish smell, he should pay 25 cents. (12廣州調(diào)研廣州調(diào)研) Though/ Althoughwheresince/ because/ as 6. A few years ago the belief became general 20_ orange juice and milk should never be drunk at the same time. (12深圳期末考試深圳期末考試)that 7. At last they tried to fill in the plane 23with carb

26、on-dioxide, 24_ poisoned all the eighty rats by the poisonous gas.(11惠州一?；葜菀荒? which 首先判斷要填的動詞在句中作謂語還是作非謂語。首先判斷要填的動詞在句中作謂語還是作非謂語。 1.若句中沒有謂語，或雖已有謂語，但需填的動詞與若句中沒有謂語，或雖已有謂語，但需填的動詞與之是并列關(guān)系時，所給動詞就是謂語動詞；若是謂語動詞，之是并列關(guān)系時，所給動詞就是謂語動詞；若是謂語動詞，就要考慮就要考慮時態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣、主謂一致時態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣、主謂一致。一、給出動詞的題一、給出動詞的題 That was definitely

27、not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation, 40 _ (close) my book and walked away. (08年廣一模年廣一模)closed 2.若句中已有謂語、又不是并列謂語時，所給動詞就若句中已有謂語、又不是并列謂語時，所給動詞就是非謂語動詞：是非謂語動詞：-ing、-ed或不定式?；虿欢ㄊ?。 (1)作主語或賓語，通常表示具體情況用不定式，表示作主語或賓語，通常表示具體情況用不定式，表示習慣或一般情況用習慣或一般情況用-ing。 Miss Bean expected me to have my

28、own opinion about difficult questions and taught me that 21 _ (think) for oneself was the real key to success in learning.(12深圳階段測試深圳階段測試)thinking(2)作目的狀語、作目的狀語、結(jié)果狀語結(jié)果狀語和和形容詞后的狀語，用不定式。形容詞后的狀語，用不定式。 With Fathers Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank _ (buy) presents for my da

29、d. (10全國卷全國卷I)to buy George returned after the war, only _ (tell) that his wife had left him. (2012山東卷山東卷)to be told(3)作作定語、定語、狀語、或補語，與邏輯主語是主動關(guān)系、表狀語、或補語，與邏輯主語是主動關(guān)系、表動作正在進行，用動作正在進行，用-ing；是被動關(guān)系、表動作已完成，用；是被動關(guān)系、表動作已完成，用done; 表動作發(fā)生在將來用不定式。表動作發(fā)生在將來用不定式。 _ (approach) the city center, we saw a stone statue

30、of about 10 meters in height. (10上海卷上海卷)Approaching3. 有時給出的動詞既不是謂語動詞也不是非謂語動詞，有時給出的動詞既不是謂語動詞也不是非謂語動詞，而是要求詞類轉(zhuǎn)換。而是要求詞類轉(zhuǎn)換。there was a lot of information about the citys well-known tourist 34(attract) (08年廣一模年廣一模)attractions二、給出名詞、副詞、形容詞的題：二、給出名詞、副詞、形容詞的題：1.詞類轉(zhuǎn)換詞類轉(zhuǎn)換:（1）作表語、定語或補語，通常用形容詞。）作表語、定語或補語，通常用形容詞。

31、 Previous research has indicated that number sense is 18(base) to humans.（12六校第六校第四次聯(lián)考）四次聯(lián)考）basic（2）作主語或賓語，用名詞。）作主語或賓語，用名詞。36 _ (lazy), lying, stealing and so on are all easily-formed bad habits. (10惠州三?；葜萑?Laziness （3）在冠詞、形）在冠詞、形容詞性物主容詞性物主代詞后，或代詞后，或“冠詞冠詞+形容詞形容詞”后，用名詞。后，用名詞。 He studied piano with t

32、he great masters of Europe and achieved huge success as a 17_ (music) and composer in his early years. (11廣州調(diào)研廣州調(diào)研)musician（4）修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞，或整個句子，）修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞，或整個句子，作狀語，用副詞。作狀語，用副詞。 When a person does a certain thing again, he is driven by an unseen force to do the same thing 32 _(repeat); then a habi

33、t is formed. (10惠州三?；葜萑?repeatedly 2. 給出形容詞或副詞的題，如果詞性不變、詞義給出形容詞或副詞的題，如果詞性不變、詞義也不變，可能是考查其比較等級。也不變，可能是考查其比較等級。 Then I heard piano music and singing rising above the noise of the people and the traffic. I walked much 17 (slow) so I could find out where it was coming 18. (12茂名二模茂名二模)slower 3. 給出形容詞或副詞的

34、題，如果給出形容詞或副詞的題，如果詞性不用變、詞詞性不用變、詞義相反，在詞根前、后表否定或反義的前、后綴義相反，在詞根前、后表否定或反義的前、后綴un-，im-，-less等。等。 Once a habit is formed, it is difficult, and sometimes 32 _ (possible), to get rid of. It is therefore very important that we pay great attention to the formation of habits. (10惠州三?；葜萑?impossible 2. When I ex

35、plained that my baseball had flew through Mrs Holts window, 33break) the glass, Steve encouraged me to admit to her. After all, I should 34 _(play) in the park and not in the path. (07年肇慶二模年肇慶二模)have played3. but it is not enough only 35 _ (memorize) rules from a grammar book. (09佛山一佛山一模模)6. Severnl

36、 days earlier Mr Carlsson, is the owner of a fish shop, was preparing a fresh load of fish 36 _ (sell) at his shop. (07廣廣州調(diào)研州調(diào)研)to memorizebreakingto sell/ to be sold-ing做結(jié)果狀語，做結(jié)果狀語，且在作文中常用且在作文中常用8. I looked at the proud dirty face that I attention to so rarely, with tears 25 _ (fill) my eyes.（11惠州二

37、模）惠州二模）filling10. He had witnessed too many 19 _ (die) and wounds at the Battle of Solferino in Italy four years 20 _ (early), in which 40,000 people were killed, wounded or missing.（12佛佛山二模）山二模） deathsearlier1. But the leaders did not announce any 32_ (detail) plan for Greece after meeting Thursday

38、 in Brussels. （10 廣二模）廣二模） 4. Before the trip I thought we were rich but today I learnt who is 39 _ (true) rich. (09廣一廣一模模)detailedtruly6. Worries over Greek debt have pushed the euro to its 36(low) value in months against the dollar. (10廣二模廣二模)7. With this the boy got up and walked away, leaving hi

39、s father sitting on their comfortable sofa, totally 40 _ (speech). (09廣二模廣二模)8. 18 _ (fortunate), I forgot all about the birds until the night before Vernon was going to return. (12汕頭監(jiān)測汕頭監(jiān)測)lowestspeechlessUnfortunately1617 (12佛山二模佛山二模)It to 2324(12六校聯(lián)考六校聯(lián)考)what between24 (11湛江一模湛江一模)themselves 2425

40、(11佛山一模佛山一模)but21 22 , the Internet is 23 opportunity to put forward ones talents, creativity, and powers in order to be noticed. (12湛湛江一模江一模)Thus/Therefore/Soan 5. Listen to these words from Darwin P. Kingsley: “You have powers you never dreamed of. You can do things you never thought you 39do. ” (

41、10茂名二模茂名二模)could7. She asked me for a hug, but I did not know what 20 _ word “hug” meant. So, I just looked at her 21 _ a questioning expression on my face. But she didnt give up. She called my father into the room and asked him to explain to me what she meant. When he did I looked at my new step-mo

42、m and wondered 22 _ she wanted to hug me. She then told me it was because she loved me and you hug people when you love 23 _. So she opened her arms wide and timidly I opened 24 _ and we hugged. (12茂茂名一模名一模)themminethe with why 8. Hic! Youve just hiccupped(打嗝打嗝) for the tenth time since you finished

43、 dinner. Wonder 16_ these funny noises are coming from? The part 17to blame (blame) is your diaphragm, the muscle（肌肉）（肌肉）at the bottom of your chest. All hiccups start here. The diaphragm almost always 18works (work) perfectly- it pulls down when you breathe in to help pull air into the lungs 19_ it

44、 moves up when you breathe out to help push air out of the lungs. . When this irregular breath hits your voice box, youre left with a big hiccup. Things23_ bother the diaphragm include eating too quickly or too much, stomachaches or feeling nervous. If you want to know 23_ to get rid of hiccups, her

45、e are some cures. (11廣二模廣二模)whereand/ orthat/ whichhow(2012惠州二?；葜荻? Recently I failed an examHowever, 16when/ after I came out of my teachers office, I told myself: Smile! Its not so serious. I smiled a big smile and 17it worked a little, really Everyone gets 18_(frustrate) sometimesI used to be al

46、ways influenced by pressure and I was often in low spiritsBut one day I came 19across a sentence in the Bible: “Do not be anxious about tomorrow, for tomorrow will he anxious for itselfLet the days own trouble be sufficient for the day It suddenly struck me: 形容詞形容詞frustrated 20_ (worry) about a prob

47、lem doesnt helpWhy not just give a big smile and face up 21to the trouble?Now every time I want to cry, I remind myself that 22_（laugh） is better than tears and angerI 23_ (convince) that theres something magical about a smileA smile helps me recover confidence and gives me 24the courage to move onR

48、emember, whenever youre faced with a setback, whenever youve been treated unfairly, all it takes is determination and you can feel happy againSmile at life, 25and it will shine on you名詞名詞laughter非謂語非謂語Worrying謂語謂語am convinced 1. I 77 _ (impress) by its garden-like campus, its enthusiastic students a

49、nd especially its learning atmosphere. I once fell in love with it.(12執(zhí)信月考執(zhí)信月考)was impressed to find 4. We were astonished _(find) the temple still in its original condition. (10遼寧卷遼寧卷) 5. The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if _(carry) out regularly, can improve our health. (10浙江卷浙江卷) 7. _(seat) in your home, you are capable of finding a lot of sources.(11湛江一模湛江一模) 9. He was to order some flowers 16 _ (send) to his mother who lived two hundred miles away. When he got out of his car he noticed a young girl sitting on the roadside 17 _